CN118517816B - A low temperature adsorption refrigeration equipment - Google Patents
A low temperature adsorption refrigeration equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN118517816B CN118517816B CN202410977264.6A CN202410977264A CN118517816B CN 118517816 B CN118517816 B CN 118517816B CN 202410977264 A CN202410977264 A CN 202410977264A CN 118517816 B CN118517816 B CN 118517816B
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- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 276
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 147
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 130
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 130
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-BJUDXGSMSA-N helium-3 atom Chemical compound [3He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-BJUDXGSMSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims 11
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011555 saturated liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B15/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
- F25B15/10—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type with inert gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B29/00—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously
- F25B29/006—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously of the sorption type system
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/12—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point using 3He-4He dilution
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides low-temperature adsorption refrigeration equipment, which comprises an adsorption refrigeration structure and a dilution structure which are connected and communicated, wherein the adsorption refrigeration structure is provided with an adsorption device, the dilution structure is provided with a dilution adsorption device, a mixed working medium is arranged in the adsorption refrigeration structure, the adsorption device and the dilution adsorption device are heated in a condensation recovery stage, the adsorption device and the mixed working medium adsorbed in the dilution adsorption device are desorbed and condensed, in an evaporation refrigeration stage, the adsorption device and the dilution adsorption device are cooled, a gaseous part in the mixed working medium is adsorbed to control the internal pressure of the refrigeration equipment to reduce, so that a liquid phase part in the mixed working medium carries out atom migration, adsorption and dilution refrigeration are carried out, the adsorption device adsorbs helium vapor on one side of a helium 3 concentrated phase, the concentrated phase is promoted to evaporate to generate a phase change refrigeration effect, the dilution adsorption device adsorbs helium vapor on one side of the concentrated phase, and helium 3 atoms in the concentrated phase are promoted to enter the diluted phase to generate a dilution refrigeration effect, the cost is reduced, and the refrigeration performance is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ultralow temperature refrigeration, and particularly relates to low-temperature adsorption refrigeration equipment.
Background
Common cryogenic refrigeration techniques include adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration, dilution refrigeration, and adsorption refrigeration. The heat-insulating demagnetizing refrigeration and diluting refrigeration can obtain low temperature below 10mK, the adsorption refrigeration temperature is slightly high, but the heat-insulating demagnetizing refrigeration device has the outstanding advantages of compact structure, small volume, light weight and the like, has no electromagnetic interference compared with a heat-insulating demagnetizing refrigerator, runs independent of gravity compared with a diluting refrigerator, and is a space application mK refrigeration technology with great development potential. The principle of adsorption refrigeration is evaporation refrigeration, a 4K precooling refrigerator liquefies a working medium, and then an adsorption pump filled with porous materials adsorbs steam above a liquid working medium to promote the liquid working medium to evaporate to generate low temperature. The cryogenic adsorption refrigeration unit uses helium 4 as the working medium to achieve a refrigeration temperature of about 800mK and if replaced with helium 3, a refrigeration temperature of 250 mK. Helium 3 belongs to high-value gas and strategic reserve resources, and at present, trace helium 3 in air and natural gas can be obtained only through a low-temperature separation technology or helium 3 is produced through nuclear reaction, so that the obtaining difficulty is high and the price is high. The helium 4 adsorption refrigerator has low cost but higher refrigerating temperature (800 mK), and the helium 3 adsorption refrigerator has lower refrigerating temperature but high cost.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the foregoing, the present invention provides a low-temperature adsorption refrigeration apparatus to solve the above or other problems of the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the low-temperature adsorption refrigeration equipment comprises an adsorption refrigeration structure and a dilution structure which are connected and communicated, wherein a mixed working medium is arranged in the adsorption refrigeration structure, the adsorption refrigeration structure is provided with an adsorption device, the dilution structure is provided with a dilution adsorption device, the adsorption device and the dilution adsorption device are heated in a condensation recovery stage, the adsorbed mixed working medium in the adsorption device and the dilution adsorption device is desorbed for condensation, the adsorption device and the dilution adsorption device are cooled in an evaporation refrigeration stage, and a gaseous part in the mixed working medium is adsorbed for controlling the internal pressure of the low-temperature adsorption refrigeration equipment to be reduced, so that the liquid phase part in the mixed working medium is subjected to atomic migration for adsorption refrigeration and dilution refrigeration.
Further, the mixed working medium is helium 3/helium 4 mixture.
Further, the dilution structure further comprises a first connecting pipe connected with the dilution adsorption device, the other end of the first connecting pipe is connected and communicated with the adsorption refrigeration structure, the gaseous part of the mixed working medium in the adsorption refrigeration structure can be adsorbed by the dilution adsorption device through the first connecting pipe, and the gaseous part of the mixed working medium adsorbed by the dilution adsorption device can enter the adsorption refrigeration structure through the first connecting pipe to be condensed or can be condensed in the first connecting pipe after being desorbed.
Further, a gaseous mixed working medium is arranged in the first connecting pipe.
Further, the adsorption refrigeration structure further comprises an evaporation condensing device and a second connecting pipe connected with the adsorption device and the evaporation condensing device respectively, wherein the gaseous part of the mixed working medium in the evaporation condensing device can be adsorbed by the adsorption device through the second connecting pipe, and the gaseous part of the adsorbed mixed working medium in the adsorption device can enter the evaporation condensing device through the second connecting pipe after being desorbed.
Further, the adsorption device and the dilution adsorption device are of pump structures, and adsorption materials are arranged in the adsorption device and the dilution adsorption device, and baffle pieces are arranged at the joint of the adsorption device and the second connecting pipe and the joint of the dilution adsorption device and the first connecting pipe, so that the adsorption materials are arranged in the adsorption device and the dilution adsorption device.
Further, the adsorption material is porous adsorbent, and the baffle member is a net structure.
Further, the adsorption device, the dilution adsorption device and the evaporation condensing device are all provided with fins for heat exchange.
Further, the device also comprises a heating device and a refrigerating device, wherein the heating device is used for heating the adsorption device and the dilution adsorption device, and the refrigerating device is used for cooling the adsorption refrigeration structure and the dilution structure.
By adopting the technical scheme, the low-temperature adsorption refrigeration equipment is provided with the adsorption refrigeration structure and the dilution structure, the adsorption refrigeration structure is provided with the adsorption device and the evaporation condensing device, the dilution structure is provided with the dilution adsorption device, the evaporation condensing device and the dilution adsorption device are connected and communicated through the connecting pipes to form a sealing system, the system is filled with the helium 3/helium 4 mixed working medium, the mixed working medium is in gas-liquid coexistence in the refrigeration stage, the helium 3/helium 4 liquid mixed working medium is divided into a concentrated phase and a dilute phase, the adsorption device adsorbs helium vapor on one side of the concentrated phase, the concentrated phase is promoted to evaporate to produce a phase change refrigeration effect, the dilution adsorption device adsorbs the helium vapor on one side of the dilute phase, helium 3 atoms in the concentrated phase are promoted to enter the dilute phase to produce a dilution refrigeration effect, the adsorption rate is controlled by controlling the temperature of the adsorption device (adsorption pump) and the dilution adsorption device (adsorption pump), the concentration of helium 3 in the mixed working medium is regulated and the refrigeration temperature is further regulated, the adsorption refrigeration effect and the dilution refrigeration effect are simultaneously produced, the refrigeration temperature is further reduced by combining the two, the refrigeration temperature is further reduced, the use of the 3/helium mixed working medium, the cost is reduced, and the refrigeration performance is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1. adsorption device 2, connecting pipe II 3 and evaporation condensing device
4. Connecting pipe I5, dilution adsorption device a and first area
B. a second region c, a third region d and a fourth region
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and the specific examples.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, which relates to a low-temperature adsorption refrigeration device, and is used for refrigeration in the fields of space astronomical detection, superconductivity, condensed state physics, quantum computation, etc., and the mixed working medium of helium 3/helium 4 is adopted, and the adsorption device and the dilution adsorption device are used for regulating and controlling the refrigeration performance, so that the practicability is enhanced, and the efficiency and the precision are improved.
A low-temperature adsorption refrigeration device is shown in figure 1, and comprises an adsorption refrigeration structure and a dilution structure which are connected and communicated, wherein a mixed working medium is arranged in the adsorption refrigeration structure, the adsorption refrigeration structure is a main structure of the adsorption refrigeration device and is used for condensation recovery and evaporation refrigeration, the dilution structure is mainly used for diluting the mixed working medium in the evaporation refrigeration stage so as to enable the whole low-temperature adsorption refrigeration device to generate a dilution refrigeration effect, the adsorption refrigeration structure and the dilution structure are in sealed connection to form a sealing system, the mixed working medium is prevented from leaking, the mixed working medium is filled in the adsorption refrigeration structure before the whole sealed connection, and the adsorption refrigeration structure is communicated with the dilution structure, so that gaseous parts in the mixed working medium can flow in the adsorption refrigeration structure and the dilution structure to realize condensation recovery and evaporation refrigeration, the adsorption refrigeration structure is provided with an adsorption device, the adsorption device in the dilution refrigeration structure and the dilution adsorption device in the dilution structure are heated, the adsorption device and the gaseous parts in the dilution device in the dilution refrigeration device are desorbed and condensed into saturated liquid, and the adsorption refrigeration device and the mixed working medium in the dilution structure are cooled, so that the mixed working medium in the absorption refrigeration device and the dilution structure in the dilution refrigeration device and the dilution refrigeration device in the dilution refrigeration stage are cooled down, and the mixed working medium in the mixed refrigeration device is cooled down, and the mixed refrigeration effect is controlled, and the concentration of the mixed working medium in the absorption refrigeration device is cooled down.
The mixed working medium is helium 3/helium 4 mixture, and can be in a gaseous state or a gas-liquid mixed state according to the working state of the low-temperature adsorption refrigeration equipment, and the state of the mixed working medium is not limited.
The principle of the helium adsorption refrigeration equipment for obtaining low temperature is that the saturated working medium gas above the liquefied working medium is adsorbed by utilizing the porous material in the adsorption device, the pressure of the saturated liquid working medium is reduced, the saturated liquid working medium is promoted to evaporate to obtain low temperature, and the temperature corresponding to saturated helium 3 is lower than helium 4 under the same pressure, so that the helium 3 can be used as the working medium to obtain lower temperature. When the helium 3/helium 4 mixture is used as the mixed working medium of the adsorption refrigeration equipment, the refrigeration temperature of the low-temperature adsorption refrigeration equipment can be regulated and controlled by regulating the concentration of helium 3 in the mixed working medium, so that low temperature in a certain range is obtained. Below 800mK, phase separation occurs in the helium 3/helium 4 mixed solution, and the atomic mass of helium 3 is less than that of helium 4, so the solution is rich in helium 3 above and rich in helium 4 below, and "rich" and "lean" are for helium 3. The enthalpy of the helium 3 atoms in the dense phase is smaller than in the dilute phase, so that the helium 3 atoms absorb heat during the process of entering the dilute phase from the dense phase, and a refrigeration effect is generated. The low-temperature adsorption refrigeration equipment generates refrigeration effect through evaporation phase change, and based on the phase separation characteristic of helium 3/helium 4 mixed solution, the refrigeration is performed by utilizing the dilution of helium 3 atoms, so that the refrigeration capacity is improved.
Specifically, the dilution structure further comprises a first connecting pipe 4 connected with the dilution adsorption device 5, the other end of the first connecting pipe 4 is connected and communicated with the adsorption refrigeration structure, the first connecting pipe 4 is of a pipe structure, the first connecting pipe 4 is fixedly connected with the dilution adsorption device 5 in a sealing way, mixed working medium leakage is avoided, the first connecting pipe 4 is fixedly connected with the adsorption refrigeration structure in a sealing way, and the sealing and fixing connection mode is preferably welding or integrated forming. The gaseous part of the mixed working medium in the adsorption refrigeration structure can be adsorbed by the dilution adsorption device 5 through the first connecting pipe 4, and the gaseous part of the mixed working medium in the dilution adsorption device 5 can enter the adsorption refrigeration structure through the first connecting pipe 4 to be condensed or condensed in the first connecting pipe 4 after being desorbed, and the circulation of the mixed working medium is realized through the arrangement of the first connecting pipe 4.
The dilution adsorption device 5 is of a pump structure, an adsorption material is arranged inside the dilution adsorption device 5, and the dilution adsorption device 5 is arranged to provide power for adsorption action or desorption action of the gaseous mixed working medium in a condensation recovery stage and a dilution refrigeration stage so as to trap the gaseous mixed working medium.
In some practical embodiments, the dilution adsorption unit 5 may be an adsorption pump or a mechanical pump, which is selected according to practical requirements.
In order to enhance the heat exchange capability, fins are provided on the dilution adsorption device 5 to exchange heat.
The first connecting pipe 4 is a metal pipe, preferably a metal pipe with a smooth inner wall, so that the mixed working medium can flow conveniently, the first connecting pipe 4 and the dilution adsorption device 5 can be welded and connected conveniently, and the service life of the dilution structure is prolonged. In order to prevent the adsorption material in the dilution adsorption device 5 from entering the first connecting pipe 4, a baffle is arranged at the joint of the dilution adsorption device 5 and the first connecting pipe 4, and the baffle is provided with a plurality of through holes so that the gaseous mixed working medium flows, and the flow of the gaseous mixed working medium is not blocked. The baffle is fixedly arranged at the end of the first connecting pipe 4 connected with the dilution adsorption device 5, and the end of the first connecting pipe 4 is plugged, so that the adsorption material is arranged in the dilution adsorption device 5, and the fixed connection mode is preferably welding.
In some embodiments, the barrier is a mesh structure, preferably the barrier is a wire mesh.
In a further optimized scheme, a gaseous mixed working medium is arranged in the first connecting pipe 4, the area occupied by the gaseous mixed working medium in one side of the first connecting pipe 4, which is close to the dilution adsorption device 5, is set as a fourth area d, at this time, one side, which is close to the dilution structure, of the adsorption refrigeration structure can be a liquid mixed working medium, namely, in the first connecting pipe 4, the gaseous mixed working medium is arranged at the position, except for the fourth area d, which is close to the dilution adsorption device 5, of the first connecting pipe, and the rest part is the liquid mixed working medium.
The adsorption refrigeration structure comprises an adsorption device 1, an evaporation and condensation device 3 and a second connecting pipe 2 connected with the adsorption device 1 and the evaporation and condensation device 3 respectively, the evaporation and condensation device 3 is communicated with the adsorption device 1 through the second connecting pipe 2, the gaseous part of the mixed working medium in the evaporation and condensation device 3 can be adsorbed by the adsorption device 1 through the second connecting pipe 2, the gaseous part of the adsorbed mixed working medium in the adsorption device 1 can enter the evaporation and condensation device 3 through the second connecting pipe 2 after being desorbed, the circulation of the gaseous mixed working medium is realized, the evaporation and condensation device 3 is of a cavity structure with a certain space, the inside of the evaporation and condensation device 3 can be divided into a plurality of areas according to the state of the mixed working medium, and the states of the mixed working mediums in the areas are different. The connection of adsorption device 1 and connecting pipe two 2 and the connection of connecting pipe two 2 and evaporation condensing equipment 3 are sealed fixed connection for adsorption refrigeration structure is seal structure, avoids mixing the working medium to reveal, and this sealed fixed connection is welding or integrated into one piece preferably.
The adsorption device 1 is of a pump structure, an adsorption material is arranged inside the adsorption device 1, and the adsorption device 1 is arranged to provide power for adsorption action or desorption action of the gaseous mixed working medium in a condensation recovery stage and an evaporation refrigeration stage so as to trap the gaseous mixed working medium.
In some practical embodiments, the adsorption device 1 may be an adsorption pump or a mechanical pump, which is selected according to practical requirements.
In order to enhance the heat exchange capability, fins are provided on the adsorption device 1 to exchange heat.
The second connecting pipe 2 is a metal pipe, preferably a metal pipe with a smooth inner wall, so that the second connecting pipe 2 is welded with the adsorption device 1, and the second connecting pipe 2 is welded with the dilution adsorption device 5, thereby prolonging the service life of the adsorption refrigeration structure. In order to prevent the adsorption material in the adsorption device 1 from entering the second connecting pipe 2, a baffle is arranged at the joint of the adsorption device 1 and the second connecting pipe 2, and is provided with a plurality of through holes so that the gaseous mixed working medium flows, the flow of the gaseous mixed working medium is not blocked, the baffle is fixedly arranged at the end part of one end of the second connecting pipe 2 connected with the adsorption device 1, the end part of the second connecting pipe 2 is blocked, the adsorption material is arranged in the adsorption device 1, and the fixed connection mode is preferably welding.
The evaporation and condensation device 3 is an evaporation condenser, and mixed working media are stored in the evaporation and condensation device, and can be liquid mixed working media and/or gaseous mixed working media according to different states. In order to enhance the heat exchange capacity of the evaporative condensing unit 3, the evaporative condensing unit 3 is provided with fins. The evaporative condenser is specifically sized and shaped according to actual requirements.
Based on the phase separation characteristic of the saturated mixed working medium, the interior of the evaporation and condensation device 3 can be divided into a plurality of areas, namely, a first area a, a second area b and a third area c in sequence along the direction from the adsorption device 1 to the dilution structure, wherein the first area a and the second area b are communicated with the third area c, the first area a is positioned on one side of the evaporation and condensation device 3 close to the adsorption device 1, the third area c is positioned on one side of the evaporation and condensation device 3 close to the dilution structure, the mixed working medium in the first area a is saturated gas, the second area b and the third area c are liquid mixed working medium, the concentration of the liquid mixed working medium 3 in the second area b and the third area c is different, one area is a concentrated phase of the mixed working medium solution helium 3, the other area is a diluted phase of the mixed working medium solution helium 3, and the upper part (the first area a) is saturated vapor of helium 3/helium 4, and the vapor pressure of the mixed working medium solution 3 is larger than helium 4 at the same temperature, so that the mixed vapor pressure in the area is mainly used as the main absorption material 3 is the diluted vapor of the main absorption material 5, and the concentration of the mixed working medium 3 in the diluted vapor is not diluted vapor is guaranteed to be different under the concentration of the porous absorption material 3.
The above-mentioned adsorbent material is a solid adsorbent material, preferably a porous adsorbent, and is a commercially available product, and is selected according to actual needs, and specific requirements are not specifically required here.
In order to enhance the heat exchange capability of the evaporative condensing device 3, the evaporative condensing device 3 is provided with fins for heat exchange.
The low-temperature adsorption refrigeration equipment further comprises a heating device and a refrigerating device (not shown in fig. 1), wherein the heating device is used for heating the adsorption device 1 and the dilution adsorption device 5, so that the temperature of the adsorption device 1 and the dilution adsorption device 5 is increased, the adsorption capacity is reduced, the adsorbed gaseous mixed working medium is desorbed, the adsorption device 1 and the dilution adsorption device 5 are cooled by the refrigerating device, the temperature of the adsorption device 1 and the dilution adsorption device 5 is reduced, the adsorption capacity is improved, and the gaseous mixed working medium is adsorbed.
In some embodiments, the heating device is an electric heating device, such as an electric heater, for example, a high-resistance metal sheet heater, which is a commercially available product, and is selected according to practical requirements, and specific requirements are not made herein.
In some embodiments, the refrigeration device is a precooling stage refrigerator, which is a commercially available product, and is selected according to actual requirements, without specific requirements.
When the low-temperature adsorption refrigeration equipment is used, two ends of a connecting pipe II 2 are respectively connected with an adsorption device 1 and an evaporation condensing device 3 in a welding way, the connecting pipe II 2 is respectively communicated with the adsorption device 1 and the evaporation condensing device 3, a baffle piece is arranged at the joint when the connecting pipe II 2 is connected with the adsorption device 1, two ends of a connecting pipe I4 are respectively connected with the evaporation condensing device 3 and a dilution adsorption device 5 in a welding way, the connecting pipe I4 is respectively communicated with the dilution adsorption device 5 and the evaporation condensing device 3, and a baffle piece is arranged at the joint when the connecting pipe I4 is connected with the dilution adsorption device 5 to form a sealed integral structure;
the adsorption device 1 and the dilution adsorption device 5 are filled with adsorption materials, the adsorption rate of the adsorption materials can be controlled by changing the temperature of the adsorption device 1 and the dilution adsorption device 5, the adsorption quantity of the gaseous mixed working medium is further controlled, and the refrigeration temperature is further controlled. The adsorption device 1 and the dilution adsorption device 5 are heated, the adsorption capacity is reduced, the gaseous mixed working medium is cooled by the refrigeration device after being desorbed to form saturated solution, the adsorption capacity is increased, the gaseous mixed working medium above the liquid mixed working medium is adsorbed, the evaporation of the liquid mixed working medium and the migration of helium 3 atoms from a dense phase to a dilute phase are promoted, and a refrigeration effect is generated.
Specifically, the operation of the cryogenic adsorption refrigeration plant includes a condensation recovery stage and a refrigeration stage:
In the condensation recovery stage, the adsorption device 1 and the dilution adsorption device 5 are heated by a heating device, the temperature of the adsorption device 1 and the dilution adsorption device 5 is increased, the adsorption capacity is reduced, the helium 3/helium 4 mixed gas is desorbed, flows through the first connecting pipe 4 and the second connecting pipe 2, and is condensed into saturated liquid by a refrigerating device in the bottom of the system (the bottom of the evaporation condensing device 3 and the bottom of the first connecting pipe 4);
In the refrigeration stage, the adsorption device 1 and the dilution adsorption device 5 are cooled by the refrigeration device, the temperature of the adsorption device 1 and the dilution adsorption device 5 is reduced, the adsorption capacity of the adsorption device 1 and the dilution adsorption device 5 is improved, helium 3/helium 4 mixed vapor at the first area a is adsorbed by the adsorption device 1, the pressure of the whole system is reduced, the mixed working medium solution in the evaporation condensation device 3 is evaporated, the temperature is reduced, phase separation occurs, the second area b is a dense phase of the helium 3/helium 4 mixed solution, the third area c is a dilute phase of the helium 3/helium 4 mixed solution, the fourth area d of the connecting pipe I4 is helium 3/helium 4 mixed vapor, meanwhile, helium 3/helium 4 mixed vapor (mainly helium 3) at the fourth area d is adsorbed by the dilution adsorption device 5, the concentration of helium 3 in the dilute phase is reduced, and helium 3 atoms in the dense phase migrate to the dilute phase, so that a dilution refrigeration effect is generated.
By adopting the technical scheme, the low-temperature adsorption refrigeration equipment is provided with the adsorption refrigeration structure and the dilution structure, the adsorption refrigeration structure is provided with the adsorption device and the evaporation condensing device, the dilution structure is provided with the dilution adsorption device, the evaporation condensing device and the dilution adsorption device are connected and communicated through the connecting pipes to form a sealing system, the system is filled with the helium 3/helium 4 mixed working medium, the mixed working medium is in gas-liquid coexistence in the refrigeration stage, the helium 3/helium 4 liquid mixed working medium is divided into a concentrated phase and a dilute phase, the adsorption device adsorbs helium vapor on one side of the concentrated phase, the concentrated phase is promoted to evaporate to produce a phase change refrigeration effect, the dilution adsorption device adsorbs the helium vapor on one side of the dilute phase, helium 3 atoms in the concentrated phase are promoted to enter the dilute phase to produce a dilution refrigeration effect, the adsorption rate is controlled by controlling the temperature of the adsorption device (adsorption pump) and the dilution adsorption device (adsorption pump), the concentration of helium 3 in the mixed working medium is regulated and the refrigeration temperature is further regulated, the adsorption refrigeration effect and the dilution refrigeration effect are simultaneously produced, the refrigeration temperature is further reduced by combining the two, the refrigeration temperature is further reduced, the use of the 3/helium mixed working medium, the cost is reduced, and the refrigeration performance is improved.
The foregoing describes the embodiments of the present invention in detail, but the description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent changes and modifications within the scope of the present invention are intended to be covered by the present invention.
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| US4770006A (en) * | 1987-05-01 | 1988-09-13 | Arch Development Corp. | Helium dilution refrigeration system |
| SU1589007A1 (en) * | 1988-06-17 | 1990-08-30 | Специальное Конструкторско-Технологическое Бюро По Криогенной Технике С Опытным Производством Физико-Технического Института Низких Температур Ан Усср | Adsorption cryogenic refrigerator |
| CN101532751A (en) * | 2009-04-16 | 2009-09-16 | 郑州大学 | Built-in sorbent floating head type adsorbent bed refrigeration unit |
| CN102112824A (en) * | 2008-07-31 | 2011-06-29 | 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司 | Refrigerator and method for producing extremely low temperature coldness |
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| AUPM592694A0 (en) * | 1994-05-30 | 1994-06-23 | F F Seeley Nominees Pty Ltd | Vacuum dewatering of desiccant brines |
| CN101053826A (en) * | 2007-02-13 | 2007-10-17 | 袁谞凰 | Geololymer absorbant and preparation thereof |
| MY183548A (en) * | 2014-08-22 | 2021-02-26 | Zhongying Changjiang International New Energy Invest Co Ltd | Solar heat collection adsorption composite tube, solar heat collection adsorption composite bed composed of solar heat collection adsorption composite tubes, and cooling and heating system formed of solar heat collection adsorption composite bed |
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| US4770006A (en) * | 1987-05-01 | 1988-09-13 | Arch Development Corp. | Helium dilution refrigeration system |
| SU1589007A1 (en) * | 1988-06-17 | 1990-08-30 | Специальное Конструкторско-Технологическое Бюро По Криогенной Технике С Опытным Производством Физико-Технического Института Низких Температур Ан Усср | Adsorption cryogenic refrigerator |
| CN102112824A (en) * | 2008-07-31 | 2011-06-29 | 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司 | Refrigerator and method for producing extremely low temperature coldness |
| CN101532751A (en) * | 2009-04-16 | 2009-09-16 | 郑州大学 | Built-in sorbent floating head type adsorbent bed refrigeration unit |
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