CN1184173C - Release controlling fertilizer and its prepn - Google Patents
Release controlling fertilizer and its prepn Download PDFInfo
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- CN1184173C CN1184173C CNB011334150A CN01133415A CN1184173C CN 1184173 C CN1184173 C CN 1184173C CN B011334150 A CNB011334150 A CN B011334150A CN 01133415 A CN01133415 A CN 01133415A CN 1184173 C CN1184173 C CN 1184173C
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- coating
- fertilizer
- release
- fertile core
- fertile
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Links
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002601 urease inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
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- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 23
- 229940090496 Urease inhibitor Drugs 0.000 claims description 19
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- -1 nitrogenous compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical group CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004902 Softening Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- NIQCNGHVCWTJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl phthalate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OC NIQCNGHVCWTJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- MKRNVBXERAPZOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Starch acetate Chemical compound O1C(CO)C(OC)C(O)C(O)C1OCC1C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O2)OC(C)=O)C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(OC(C)C(O)C2O)CO)O1 MKRNVBXERAPZOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005696 Diammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007888 film coating Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960001866 silicon dioxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- FBSAITBEAPNWJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl phthalate Natural products CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1OC(C)=O FBSAITBEAPNWJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960001826 dimethylphthalate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012204 lemonade/lime carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013270 controlled release Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000237502 Ostreidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- ZMQBBPRAZLACCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl.CC(O)=O ZMQBBPRAZLACCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000000509 infertility Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000036512 infertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000535 infertility Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005987 sulfurization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及控释肥料，具体地说是一种新型控释肥料及制备方法。其控释肥料由包膜和肥芯组成，肥芯为添加脲酶抑制剂和/或硝化抑制剂的含氮肥料，包膜壁材为环境友好材料；制备方法为：在肥芯外表面进行物理包被，肥芯的制备工艺采用流化床喷浆造粒、转鼓喷浆造粒和圆盘混合造粒三种之一；包膜工艺采用流化床喷涂包膜技术，具体为：将100份用量为肥芯重量的5%～15%的环境友好材料溶于500～2000份有机溶剂中，在所述溶剂中加入无机膜调理剂及增塑剂，混溶后在肥芯外表面进行喷浆包被，形成光滑、连续、均一的包膜。它具有控释效果好，包膜壁材环境友好，包膜成本低，适用范围广等特点。The invention relates to a controlled-release fertilizer, in particular to a novel controlled-release fertilizer and a preparation method. The controlled-release fertilizer is composed of a coating and a fertilizer core, the fertilizer core is a nitrogenous fertilizer added with urease inhibitors and/or nitrification inhibitors, and the coating wall material is an environmentally friendly material; the preparation method is: physical The preparation process of coating and fertilizer core adopts one of three types: fluidized bed spray granulation, drum spray granulation and disc mixing granulation; the coating process adopts fluidized bed spray coating technology, specifically: 100 parts of environmentally friendly materials with an amount of 5% to 15% of the weight of the fertilizer core are dissolved in 500 to 2000 parts of organic solvents, and inorganic film conditioners and plasticizers are added to the solvents, and after miscibility, they are applied on the outer surface of the fertilizer cores. Spray coating is carried out to form a smooth, continuous and uniform coating. It has the characteristics of good controlled release effect, environment-friendly coating wall material, low coating cost and wide application range.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to release and release control fertilizer, novel controlled release fertilizer and preparation method that specifically a kind of coating and inhibitor combine.
Background technology
The existing nearly 80 years history of the development of slow (control) release fertilizer, modification at traditional chemical fertilizer, the fertilizer scholar has successively developed coating (wrapping up in) fertilizer (fertilizer I) and has added the slow release fertilizer (fertilizer II) of urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor, and these two kinds of fertilizer respectively have its relative merits.
The nutrient release rate of fertilizer I mainly by the characteristic decision of coating wall material, is subjected to the edatope condition influence less relatively.Its nutrient release rate is relatively evenly slow, and the nutrient release profiles is rule relatively, is similar to the crop nutrition content absorption curve, controlled-release effect is better, can use with seed while coordination, not produce and burn the seedling phenomenon, once use in a large number and can satisfy crop multiple nutrients needs simultaneously; In addition, also can reduce NO
3 -The leaching loss of-N and ammonia loss by volatilization.But in order to achieve perfect coating and relative accurate controlled release curve, fertilizer chemical industry scholar usually with the high molecular polymer of synthetic as coating wall material, and adopting advanced film-coating technique, this has just caused the environment negative effect of too high coating cost and coating wall material.
Urease inhibitor among the fertilizer II can suppress the enzymolysis of urea, alleviates the injury to seedling, reduces ammonia loss by volatilization; Nitrification inhibitor can suppress the nitrification and denitrification effect, reduces the nitrogenous fertilizer leaching loss, reduces N
2O and NO
xThe release of gas promotes phosphatic moving and absorption.But its nutrient element releasing rule often changes with the variation of edatope condition, and it is long more to use the time limit, and slow release effect is poor more.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide that a kind of controlled-release effect is good, environmental friendliness, coating cost novel controlled release fertilizer and preparation method low, applied widely.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is: be made up of coating and fertile core, fertile core is for adding the nitrogenous fertilizer of urease inhibitor and/or nitrification inhibitor, and coating wall material is an environment-friendly material;
Described nitrogenous fertilizer material is that urea, nitrogenous compound or compound are one of fertile, and wherein: the nitrogenous fertilizer source during described nitrogenous compound or compound is fertile is urea, bicarbonate of ammonia, diammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate and/or ammonium nitrate; Described urease inhibitor is quinhydrones (HQ) or N-NBPT (NBPT), and nitrification inhibitor is Dyhard RU 100 (DCD) and/or 3, and 4-dimethyl phosphoric acid pyrazoles (DMPP), its consumption are respectively 3～15 ‰ of nitrogenous fertilizer weight in the fertilizer; The described environment-friendly material that is used for coating is: the Mierocrystalline cellulose of acrylic resin, Biological resources macromolecular material and derivative thereof or starch and derivative thereof; Described organic solvent is ethanol, acetone, toluene, methylene dichloride, hexanaphthene;
The preparation method of novel controlled release fertilizer carries out the physical package quilt at fertile core outer surface, and the preparation technology of fertile core adopts one of three kinds of fluidized bed for spraying, granulating, rotary drum spray granulating and disk mixing granulations; Coating process adopts the fluidized-bed spraying film-coating technique, concrete operations are: with 100 parts of consumptions is that 5%～15% environment-friendly material of fertile core weight is dissolved in 500～2000 parts of organic solvents, in described solvent, add 5～20 portions of mineral membrane amendments, add 1～5 part of softening agent again, pour into after miscible in the liquid holding rector, agitator is installed on the liquid holding rector, stir with 2～10 revolutions per seconds speed, whitewashing bag quilt forms coating smooth, continuous, homogeneous at fertile core outer surface;
The operating parameter of described fluidized-bed pill dressing machine is: inlet temperature: 40～65 ℃; Temperature out: 35～55 ℃; Quantity of hot air: 3m
3/ minute; Feed liquor flow velocity: 8～20 ml/min; Pressurized air pressure: 0.3～0.6Pa; Air supply: 0.1～0.3m
3/ minute; Atomizing is pressed: 0.05～0.2Pa; The coating time is 0.5～1.5 hour;
Mierocrystalline cellulose and derivative thereof are ethyl cellulose, butyl cellulose or cellulose acetate in the described Biological resources macromolecular material; Starch and derivative thereof are hydroxypropylated starch or starch and vinyl acetate between to for plastic blend; Described mineral membrane amendment is one of in talcum powder, zeolite powder, lime carbonate, silicon-dioxide, the diatomite or its combination; Described softening agent is polyoxyethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol or dimethyl phthalate.
The principle of the invention is:
Fertile core outer surface is carried out the physical package quilt, and the quick dissolving after can stoping fertile core in being manured into soil makes the slow stripping coating of fertile core wall material, the dissolving fully of fertile core is discharged postponed 20～60 days, thereby can with seed simultaneously coordination use, do not produce and burn the seedling phenomenon.Fertile core is from coating wall material after the stripping, urease inhibitor in the fertile core (when the nitrogenous fertilizer of fertile core contains urea) can further be controlled the hydrolysis of urea, make urea discharge the absorbable nitrogen nutrition of plant lentamente, nitrification and denitrification effect in the nitrification inhibitor may command soil in the fertile core, the conversion of control fertilizer nitrogen, reduce the loss of nitrogenous fertilizer, improve the utilization ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer.Fully utilize three kinds of controlled release modes of above urease inhibitor and/or nitrification inhibitor, the present invention is the enzymolysis loss and the nitration denitrification loss of may command nitrogen manure both, the dissolution rate of may command fertilizer again, the regulation of fertilizer requirement of itself and crop is matched, realize that fertilizer is at the sustained release of crop in the time of infertility.
Coating wall material selection environment friendly materials adopts the release and release control fertilizer of difficult degradation macromolecular compound coating to compare with tradition, can prevent the respective environment pollution that coating wall material is produced in degradation process.The environment-friendly material that coating wall material of the present invention is selected for use can be degraded more than 80% or all 3 months to 1 year time degraded.In coating wall material, add the mineral membrane amendment, can overcome the adhesion phenomenon in the coating process on the one hand, can make coating wall material produce microvoid on the other hand, and can control pore size, thus control fertilizer dissolution rate; The adding softening agent can increase the plasticity and the toughness of film, and homogeneous is complete more to make coating.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention and positively effect are as follows:
1. controlled-release effect is good.Release and release control fertilizer of the present invention is that the physical package quilt is carried out on the slow release fertilizer surface of adding urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor, the advantage reasonable combination of the slow release fertilizer of coated fertilizer and interpolation urease inhibitor and/or nitrification inhibitor, realizes having complementary advantages.Fertile core dissolving release rate is slow.The present invention carries out coating to fertile core outer surface, makes the dissolving fully of fertile core discharge postponement 20～60 days, thereby can use with seed while coordination, does not produce and burns the seedling phenomenon.Urease inhibitor in the fertile core (when the nitrogenous fertilizer of fertile core contains urea) can further be controlled the hydrolysis of urea, make urea discharge the absorbable nitrogen nutrition of plant lentamente, nitrification and denitrification effect in the nitrification inhibitor may command soil in the fertile core, the conversion of control fertilizer nitrogen, reduce the loss of nitrogenous fertilizer, improve the utilization ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer, its utilization ratio can be up to 60%.
2. have eco-friendly characteristics.Coating wall material selection environment friendly materials of the present invention, adopt the release and release control fertilizer of difficult degradation macromolecular compound coating to compare with tradition, can prevent the respective environment pollution that coating wall material is produced in degradation process, and can degrade more than 80% or all 3 months to 1 year time degraded.
3. the coating cost is low.Compare with the polyolefins coated fertilizer Master series that Japanese Chisso Corporation (JP) 6-32, Nakanoshima 3-chome, Kitaku, Osaka, Japan produces, the coating cost is low can to reduce by 50～70%.
4. applied widely.The urease inhibitor of fertilizer of the present invention and/or the optimum amount of nitrification inhibitor and proportioning basis obtain in the field test results in many areas (provinces such as Heilungkiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Shandong, Xinjiang, Zhejiang, Guangxi) for many years, thereby have adaptability widely.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment in detail the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1 bag is coated with the long-acting carbamide of acrylic resin
Adopting urea and urease inhibitor N-NBPT (NBPT) is fertile core, and suitable soil is acidity or slant acidity soil, and NBPT is 10 ‰ of a fertilizer weight of urea, and the environment-friendly material that is used for coating is: acrylic resin RS100.
The production technique of fertile core: adopt fluidized bed for spraying, granulating, urease inhibitor N-NBPT (NBPT) is miscible in urea soln, (diameter＜1.0mm) is a crystal seed, and spray granulating finishes granulation when the fertiliser granulates mean diameter reaches 3.5～4.0 with small particle urea.
Coating process: adopt the fluidized-bed spraying coating method, equipment used is an XLB type fluidized-bed pill dressing machine; Concrete operations are: it is 85% ethanol organic solvent that 100 parts of environment-friendly material acrylic resin RS100 that are used for coating are dissolved in 1500 parts of concentration, and wherein the acrylic resin consumption is 10% of a fertile core weight; In acrylic resin RS100 ethanolic soln, add 10 parts of mineral membrane amendment talcum powder again, and then add the plasticizer phthalic acid dimethyl ester of 5 parts of total solution weight, and pour in the liquid holding rector after miscible, agitator is installed on the liquid holding rector, stir whitewashing bag quilt with 5 revolutions per seconds speed.
Wherein the operating parameter of fluidized-bed pill dressing machine is as follows:
Inlet temperature: 55 ℃
Temperature out: 45 ℃
Quantity of hot air: 3m
3/ minute
Feed liquor flow velocity: 15 ml/min
Pressurized air pressure: 0.4Pa
Air supply: 0.2m
3/ minute
Atomizing is pressed: 0.1Pa
About 1 hour, then form the coating of oyster white, smooth, continuous homogeneous at fertile core outer surface.
Its result is: coating wall material is 10% of a fertile core weight, after the base fertilising in spring, fertile core fully from the coating shell dissolution time be 20～30 days, can use with seed while coordination, the fertilizer control release time is 80～100 days, urease inhibitor in the fertile core can further be controlled the hydrolysis of urea, makes urea discharge the absorbable nitrogen nutrition of plant lentamente, and coating and inhibitor acting in conjunction make utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer improve 10～15%.
Embodiment 2 wraps the nitrogen composite fertilizer that contains of coated with cellulose acetate
Employing contains nitrogen composite fertilizer and nitrification inhibitor is Dyhard RU 100 (DCD) and 3,4-dimethyl phosphoric acid pyrazoles (DMPP) is fertile core, DCD and DMPP are 15 ‰ of fertilizer nitrogen weight, wherein: DCD and DMPP weight ratio are 2: 1, the nitrogenous fertilizer source that contains nitrogen composite fertilizer is ammonium sulfate, and the environment-friendly material that is used for coating is: the cellulose acetate in Biological resources macromolecular material Mierocrystalline cellulose and the derivative thereof.
The production technique of fertile core: adopt the rotary drum spray granulating, nitrification inhibitor DCD and DMPP is miscible in the chemical fertilizer mixing solutions, (diameter＜1.0mm) is a crystal seed, and spray granulating finishes granulation when the fertiliser granulates mean diameter reaches 3.5～4.0 with small-particle composite fertilizer.
Coating process: adopt the fluidized-bed spraying coating method, equipment used is an XLB type fluidized-bed pill dressing machine; Concrete operations are: 100 parts of environment-friendly material cellulose acetates that are used for coating are dissolved in 500 parts of methylene dichloride organic solvents, and wherein the cellulose acetate consumption is 12% of a fertile core weight; In the cellulose acetate dichloromethane solution, add 10 parts of mineral membrane amendment talcum powder and 10 parts of CaCO again
3, and then add the softening agent ethylene glycol of 3 parts of total solution weight, pour in the liquid holding rector after miscible, agitator is installed on the liquid holding rector, stir whitewashing bag quilt with 8 revolutions per seconds speed.
Wherein the operating parameter of fluidized-bed pill dressing machine is as follows:
Inlet temperature: 65 ℃
Temperature out: 55 ℃
Quantity of hot air: 3m
3/ minute
Feed liquor flow velocity: 12 ml/min
Pressurized air pressure: 0.5Pa
Air supply: 0.1m
3/ minute
Atomizing is pressed: 0.2Pa
Form the coating of white, smooth, continuous homogeneous after 45 minutes at fertile core outer surface.
Its result is: coating wall material is 12% of a fertile core weight, after the base fertilising in spring, fertile core fully from coating wall material dissolution time be 40～60 days, can with seed simultaneously coordination use, the fertilizer control release time is 100～120 days; Nitrification and denitrification effect in the nitrification inhibitor may command soil in the fertile core, the conversion of control fertilizer nitrogen reduces the loss of nitrogenous fertilizer, and coating and inhibitor acting in conjunction make utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer improve 15～20%.
Embodiment 3 bags are coated with the nitrogenous compound fertilizer of starch and vinyl acetate between to for plastic blend
Adopting nitrogenous compound fertilizer and urease inhibitor hydroquinone (HQ) and nitrification inhibitor Dyhard RU 100 (DCD) is fertile core, nitrogenous fertilizer source in the nitrogenous compound fertilizer is urea and diammonium phosphate, HQ is 3 ‰ of a weight of urea, DCD is 5 ‰ of a fertilizer nitrogen weight, and the environment-friendly material that is used for coating is: the starch of starch and derivative thereof and vinyl acetate between to for plastic blend.
The production technique of fertile core: adopt the disk mixing granulation, urease inhibitor and inhibiting nitrification DCD is miscible in urea soln, in mixing granulation, spray described urea soln, when reaching 3.5～4.0, the fertiliser granulates mean diameter finishes granulation.
Coating process: adopt sulfuration bed spraying coating method, equipment used is an XLB type fluidized-bed pill dressing machine; Concrete operations are: with 60 parts of vinyl acetate between to for plastics and 40 parts of starch blendings, be dissolved in 1000 parts of acetone organic solvents, wherein starch and vinyl acetate between to for plastic blend consumption are 15% of fertile core weight; In described organic solvent, add 10 parts of mineral membrane amendment talcum powder and 5 parts of silicon-dioxide again, and then add the softening agent polyoxyethylene glycol of 3 parts of total solution weight, and pour in the liquid holding rector after miscible, agitator is installed on the liquid holding rector, stir whitewashing bag quilt with 5 revolutions per seconds speed.
Wherein the operating parameter of fluidized-bed pill dressing machine is as follows:
Inlet temperature: 45 ℃
Temperature out: 40 ℃
Quantity of hot air: 3m
3/ minute
Feed liquor flow velocity: 10 ml/min
Pressurized air pressure: 0.3Pa
Air supply: 0.25m
3/ minute
Atomizing is pressed: 0.15Pa
About 1.2 hours, then form the coating of white, smooth, continuous homogeneous at fertile core outer surface.
Its result is: coating wall material is 15% of a fertile core weight, after the base fertilising in spring, fertile core fully from coating dissolution time be 30～40 days, can with seed simultaneously coordination use, the fertilizer control release time is 90～120 days; Urease inhibitor in the fertile core can further be controlled the hydrolysis of urea, make urea discharge the absorbable nitrogen nutrition of plant lentamente, nitrification and denitrification effect in the nitrification inhibitor may command soil in the fertile core, the conversion of control fertilizer nitrogen, reduce the loss of nitrogenous fertilizer, fully utilize above urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor controlled release mode, make utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer improve 12～18% with the coating acting in conjunction.
Nitrogenous fertilizer source during nitrogenous compound or compound of the present invention is fertile can also be bicarbonate of ammonia, ammonium nitrate; Described organic solvent can also be toluene, hexanaphthene; Mierocrystalline cellulose and derivative thereof also are ethyl cellulose, butyl cellulose in the described Biological resources macromolecular material; Starch and derivative thereof also are hydroxypropylated starch; Described mineral membrane amendment also is zeolite powder, diatomite; Described softening agent also is a propylene glycol.
Claims (5)
1. release and release control fertilizer, it is characterized in that: form by coating and fertile core, fertile core is for adding the nitrogenous fertilizer of urease inhibitor and/or nitrification inhibitor, coating is 5%～15% of a fertile core weight, coating wall material is Mierocrystalline cellulose and derivative or starch and the derivative thereof in acrylic resin, the Biological resources macromolecular material, and Mierocrystalline cellulose and derivative thereof are ethyl cellulose, butyl cellulose or cellulose acetate in the wherein said Biological resources macromolecular material; Starch and derivative thereof are hydroxypropylated starch or starch and vinyl acetate between to for plastic blend.
2. by the described release and release control fertilizer of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described nitrogenous fertilizer material is that urea, nitrogenous compound or compound are one of fertile, and wherein: the nitrogenous fertilizer source during described nitrogenous compound or compound is fertile is urea, bicarbonate of ammonia, diammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate and/or ammonium nitrate.
3. by the described release and release control fertilizer of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described urease inhibitor is quinhydrones or N-NBPT, and nitrification inhibitor is Dyhard RU 100 and/or 3, and 4-dimethyl phosphoric acid pyrazoles, its consumption are respectively 3～15 ‰ of nitrogenous fertilizer weight in the fertilizer.
4. preparation method by the described release and release control fertilizer of claim 1 is characterized in that: carry out the physical package quilt at fertile core outer surface, the preparation technology of fertile core adopts one of three kinds of fluidized bed for spraying, granulating, rotary drum spray granulating and disk mixing granulations; Coating process adopts the fluidized-bed spraying film-coating technique, be specially: with 100 parts of consumptions is that 5%～15% coating wall material of fertile core weight is dissolved in 500～2000 parts of organic solvents, in described solvent, add 5～20 portions of mineral membrane amendments, add 1～5 part of softening agent again, miscible back forms coating smooth, continuous, homogeneous at the fertile core outer surface bag quilt of whitewashing; Described organic solvent is ethanol, acetone, toluene, methylene dichloride or hexanaphthene; Described mineral membrane amendment is one of talcum powder, zeolite powder, lime carbonate, silicon-dioxide, diatomite or its combination; Described softening agent is polyoxyethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol or dimethyl phthalate.
5. by the preparation method of the described release and release control fertilizer of claim 4, it is characterized in that: the operating parameter of described fluidized-bed pill dressing machine is: inlet temperature: 40～65 ℃; Temperature out: 35～55 ℃; Quantity of hot air: 3m
3/ minute; Feed liquor flow velocity: 8～20 ml/min; Pressurized air pressure: 0.3～0.6Pa; Air supply: 0.1～0.3m
3/ minute; Atomizing is pressed: 0.05～0.2Pa; The coating time is 0.5～1.5 hour.
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| CNB011334150A CN1184173C (en) | 2001-11-07 | 2001-11-07 | Release controlling fertilizer and its prepn |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB011334150A CN1184173C (en) | 2001-11-07 | 2001-11-07 | Release controlling fertilizer and its prepn |
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| CN1184173C true CN1184173C (en) | 2005-01-12 |
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| CN102863275A (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2013-01-09 | 乔保军 | Sustained or controlled-release potash fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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