CN118405601A

CN118405601A - Overturning and lowering device, installation method and steel pipe construction method

Info

Publication number: CN118405601A
Application number: CN202410633831.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 彭智祥; 邓春实; 姚秀全; 冯梦林; 彭鹏; 熊益; 袁彩霞
Original assignee: Chengdu Alangtech Co Ltd
Current assignee: Chengdu Alangtech Co Ltd
Priority date: 2024-03-29
Filing date: 2024-05-21
Publication date: 2024-07-30
Also published as: CN118062787A

Abstract

The invention relates to a turnover lowering device, an installation method and a steel pipe construction method. The turnover lowering device is used for lowering the other end of the pressure steel pipe through the sling of the auxiliary lifting mechanism when the main lifting mechanism is used for lifting one end of the pressure steel pipe through the sling, so that the first lifting point is used as a rotation center, the second lifting point is lowered, the pressure steel pipe can be turned over, in the turning process, the position relation between the pressure steel pipe and the second lifting point after being turned over can be adapted, the pressure steel pipe can be turned over from a horizontal and longitudinal placement state to a vertical or inclined state, and the position of the first lifting point can be changed through the movement of the main truss; after the pressure steel pipe can be longitudinally placed in the upper flat hole and transported to the vertical shaft or the inclined shaft opening through the overturning and lowering device, the overturning and lowering device is utilized for overturning and lowering, the single transportation and installation length of the pressure steel pipe can be longer, the single installation length can be increased through the mode, the installation period is shortened, and when the pressure steel pipe meets an overlength vertical shaft or an inclined shaft, the construction period can be better guaranteed.

Description

Overturning and lowering device, installation method and steel pipe construction method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of pressure steel pipe construction, in particular to a turnover lowering device, an installation method and a steel pipe construction method.

Background

At present, the pressure steel pipe diversion is a diversion mode which is generally adopted in the construction of a pumped storage power station or a water conservancy diversion project, most projects are constructed to reduce investment, and a diversion system adopts a long vertical shaft or an inclined shaft to improve a water head, so that the pressure steel pipe of the long vertical shaft or the inclined shaft is increasingly applied, and the diversion system of the long vertical shaft or the inclined shaft generally comprises an upper flat hole, a vertical shaft or the inclined shaft and a lower flat hole. With the development of pumped storage power stations, the pressure steel pipe installation construction projects of long vertical shafts or inclined shafts are more and more, and related devices suitable for the vertical shaft or inclined shaft pressure steel pipe hoisting construction are also urgently needed.

When the pressure steel pipe is installed and constructed for a vertical shaft or an inclined shaft in a hole, the common construction mode is to locally expand and dig the top, then pour a hanging beam to install a concrete foundation on two sides of the top in advance, hoist and lower the steel pipe through an installation crane, and the steel pipe is transported into the hole in an upward pipe orifice mode generally, so that the hoisting is convenient. When the pressure steel pipe is installed and constructed for a shaft or an inclined shaft outside a hole, a gantry crane is mostly adopted for hoisting and lowering the steel pipe.

According to the current construction method for hoisting the vertical shaft steel pipe, when the pressure steel pipe of the vertical shaft is constructed in the hole, the hoisting and the lowering of the 3m long steel pipe section in the hole can be realized by adopting a mode of expanding and digging the top to arrange a crane due to the vertical height limitation of the upper flat hole. When the top of the upper flat hole is excavated to be enough in size, for a small-caliber pipe joint, the small-caliber pipe joint can be hung and lowered in a length of 6m at maximum, but the pipe joint of a steel pipe with the length of 3m or 6m is transported into the hole in a mode that the pipe orifice is upward.

When the upper flat hole is excavated and formed, a crane or a lifting point cannot be arranged at the top, the lower construction can only be carried out by adopting a portal crane in the hole, but the portal crane has great installation difficulty under the condition of limited height space in the hole and no lifting point, the existing scheme can only meet the lifting and lowering of a pipe joint with the length of 6m at the longest, and the steel pipe is difficult to turn over from a horizontal state to a vertical state, if an ultra-long vertical shaft (with the height of more than 300 m) is encountered, the construction period is difficult to ensure, and a new construction device is needed to carry out the lifting and lower construction of the 9m or 12m ultra-long pipe joint in the hole.

The construction method for hoisting the inclined shaft steel pipe is also limited by the vertical height of the upper flat hole.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims at: aiming at the problems that in the prior art, the pressure steel pipe in a vertical state is transported to a shaft opening horizontally in an upper flat hole for hoisting, the pressure steel pipe installed at one time is short due to the limitation of the height of the upper flat hole, and the construction period is difficult to guarantee when an ultra-long shaft is encountered, and the installation of the inclined shaft pressure steel pipe is limited by the vertical height of the upper flat hole, the turnover lowering device, the installation method and the steel pipe construction method are provided. After the single transportation length from the upper flat hole to the appointed installation position in the vertical shaft or the inclined shaft is increased, the overturning and lowering device can still overturn and lower the pressure steel pipe at the opening of the vertical shaft or the inclined shaft, so that the transportation efficiency can be increased, and the construction period is greatly saved; the installation method can also be used for rapidly installing the overturning and lowering device on the premise of limited height. The scheme can be used under the limitation of the height and the width in the upper flat hole, and can also be used outside the hole. The overturning and lowering device can be used for shaft construction and inclined shaft construction.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

The lifting rope of the main lifting mechanism is provided with a first lifting point, the lifting rope of the auxiliary lifting mechanism is provided with a second lifting point, the first lifting point and the second lifting point are positioned below the upper part of the main truss, a turnover space is arranged below the upper part of the main truss, the lifting rope of the main lifting mechanism can be shortened and lengthened for changing the height of the first lifting point, the auxiliary lifting mechanism can be shortened and lengthened for changing the height of the second lifting point, the first lifting point and the second lifting point are arranged at intervals along a first direction, the main truss can move along the first direction, and the first direction is a horizontal direction;

The position of the second suspension point is adjustable in the first direction such that the relative positions of the first suspension point and the second suspension point in the first direction are adjustable.

In this scheme, main hoisting mechanism and auxiliary hoisting mechanism's hoist cable all is downward through the upper portion of main truss, first hoisting point and second hoisting point are located the upper portion below of main truss, the below on main truss upper portion has the upset space, can accomplish main hoisting mechanism and auxiliary hoisting mechanism's hoist cable with the help of main truss and lay, can not set up main hoisting mechanism and auxiliary hoisting mechanism through horizontal hole vault, and be used for going up in the flat hole, this kind of mode need not set up hoisting point or loop wheel machine at the top of the flat hole, reduce the construction of horizontal hole vault, the construction is simpler.

The first hoisting point and the second hoisting point are arranged at different positions of the main truss along the first direction at intervals, namely, the first hoisting point and the second hoisting point have a certain interval in the first direction, the first hoisting point and the second hoisting point are arranged at different positions of the first direction and are positioned in the overturning space below the upper part of the main truss, the overturning space can be used for hanging two ends of a pressure steel pipe, the main hoisting mechanism can adjust the height of the first hoisting point, the auxiliary hoisting mechanism can adjust the height of the second hoisting point, and therefore, when the main hoisting mechanism hangs one end of the pressure steel pipe through a sling, the main hoisting mechanism can be used for hanging the pressure steel pipe, for example: the sling of the auxiliary lifting mechanism is used for lowering the other end of the pressure steel pipe, namely lowering the height of the second lifting point, so that the first lifting point is used as a rotation center, the second lifting point is lowered, the pressure steel pipe can be overturned, in the overturning process, the relative positions of the first lifting point and the second lifting point in the first direction can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the second lifting point in the first direction, the second lifting point can be close to or far from the first lifting point in the first direction, and the position relation between the second lifting point and the second lifting point after the pressure steel pipe is overturned is adapted, so that the pressure steel pipe can be overturned from a horizontal longitudinal placing state to a vertical or inclined state; and when the pressure steel pipe is overturned by taking the first lifting point as the rotation center, under the action of gravity of the pressure steel pipe, the part of the main lifting mechanism connected with the first lifting point is in a vertical state, and the rotation stability of the pressure steel pipe can be ensured. After the pressure steel pipe is turned over in place, the connection between the second hanging point and the pressure steel pipe can be released, and the pressure steel pipe is lowered by lowering the first hanging point; after the pressure steel pipe is turned over in place, the pressure steel pipe is lowered by synchronously lowering the first lifting point under the condition that the connection between the second lifting point and the pressure steel pipe is not released. And the main truss can move along the first direction, namely can be used for transporting the pressure steel pipe through moving the position of the main truss synchronous adjustment first lifting point and the position of the second lifting point in the first direction, and is used for adjusting the position of the first lifting point in the first direction, so that the position of the turning center of the pressure steel pipe in the first direction can be changed, namely the position of the turning center of the pressure steel pipe in the first direction can be adjusted, longer turning of the pressure steel pipe can be performed at a vertical shaft or an inclined shaft hole, the pressure steel pipe can be better used for turning, and the application range of the pressure steel pipe is wider.

By adopting the overturning and lowering device, the pressure steel pipe can be overturned and lowered by utilizing the overturning and lowering device after being longitudinally placed in an upper flat hole and horizontally transported to a vertical shaft or an inclined shaft opening, the single transportation and installation length of the pressure steel pipe can be longer, the adjustment directions of the main truss and the second hanging point are all in the first direction, and the pressure steel pipe which needs to be overturned and lowered can be transported and adjusted by utilizing the movement of the main truss in the first direction. And this upset device of transferring can be used to the transportation of inclined shaft's penstock, transfer and installation, can improve the efficiency of construction, reduces the input of equipment.

Preferably, the main hoisting mechanism and the auxiliary hoisting mechanism are arranged on the upper portion of the main truss, so that the overturning space below is prevented from being influenced, the winding angle of the sling can be increased, the effective force transmission length of the sling when the pressure steel pipe is overturned is shortened, and the sling is safer to use.

Preferably, the main lifting mechanism and the auxiliary lifting mechanism are arranged at intervals along the first direction, the main lifting mechanism is close to the first lifting point, and the auxiliary lifting mechanism is close to the second lifting point.

The effective force transmission length of each sling when the pressure steel pipe is overturned is reduced, the cross arrangement is avoided, the order of the use site is improved, and the use safety is improved.

Preferably, the secondary lifting mechanism is capable of approaching or separating from the primary lifting mechanism in a first direction on the primary truss such that the position of the second lifting point relative to the first lifting point in the first direction can be adjusted.

The main truss can move along the first direction, the positions of the first hanging point and the second hanging point in the first direction can be adjusted, the transportation of the pressure steel pipe can be realized, and the pressure steel pipe can be transported to a shaft hole through the overturning and lowering device in the upper flat hole; the auxiliary lifting mechanism can move on the main truss along the first direction, the position of the second lifting point relative to the first lifting point in the first direction can be adjusted, normal turning is guaranteed, and the auxiliary lifting mechanism can turn longer pressure steel pipes at the vertical shaft or the inclined shaft opening, so that the auxiliary lifting mechanism is wider in application range.

Preferably, a first travelling mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the main truss, and the first travelling mechanism can drive the main truss to move along a first direction. The main truss can be driven to move through the first travelling mechanism, so that the horizontal transportation of the pressure steel pipe can be realized. The first travelling mechanism drives the main truss to move, so that the positions of the main lifting mechanism and the auxiliary lifting mechanism can be changed, and the position relation of the corresponding lifting point on the pressure steel pipe relative to the upper flat hole is changed; the auxiliary lifting mechanism can be close to or far away from the main lifting mechanism on the main truss, the position relation of the lifting points at the two ends of the pressure steel pipe can be changed, and then the position relation among the main lifting mechanism, the auxiliary lifting mechanism and the upper flat hole can be changed at the position of the vertical shaft or the inclined shaft hole, so that collision and the like between the pressure steel pipe and the vertical shaft or the inclined shaft hole can be avoided when the pressure steel pipe is overturned, the length of the overturned pressure steel pipe can be further improved, and even the length can reach 9m or even 12m, namely, the overturned pressure steel pipe can be identical to the overturned pressure steel pipe with the length greater than or equal to 9m, and the overturned pressure steel pipe with the length less than 9m can be adopted.

Preferably, the device further comprises a first walking rail, wherein the first walking mechanism can move on the first walking rail, and can guide the movement of the main truss to ensure stability.

Preferably, the first travelling rail is longitudinally arranged at the bottom of the upper flat hole along the upper flat hole, the first travelling rail is positioned at two lateral sides of the upper flat hole, the first travelling rail is positioned outside two sides of the upper flat hole connecting vertical shaft or inclined shaft, and the first direction is the longitudinal direction of the upper flat hole.

The relative positions of the main lifting mechanism and the auxiliary lifting mechanism are longitudinally arranged along the upper flat hole, so that the pressure steel pipe can be horizontally transported longitudinally along the upper flat hole and can avoid a vertical shaft or an inclined shaft, and the main truss can be longitudinally erected on two sides of the vertical shaft or the inclined shaft.

Preferably, the bottom of the main truss is provided with at least four first travelling mechanisms according to a rectangular array, so that the moving stability of the main truss is ensured.

Preferably, each first travelling mechanism comprises two wheels, the two wheels are arranged front and back, a driving motor is arranged beside each wheel, and the driving motor is used for driving the wheels to rotate and walk, so that the moving stability of the main truss is ensured.

Preferably, the main truss comprises an upper structure, a lower structure and upright posts, wherein the upper structure and the lower structure are connected through the upright posts, and the overturning space is positioned below the upper structure;

the first travelling mechanism is arranged below the lower structure;

the main lifting mechanism and the auxiliary lifting mechanism are arranged above the upper structure.

The upright post is supported between the upper structure and the lower structure, and can provide a vertical overturning space between the upper structure and the lower structure.

Preferably, the longitudinal direction of the main truss is a first direction;

The walking beams are arranged on two lateral sides of the lower structure and longitudinally arranged along the main truss, and the first walking mechanism is arranged below the walking beams;

the upper structure comprises longitudinal beams and transverse beams, wherein the longitudinal beams are arranged on two lateral sides of the main truss, the longitudinal beams are arranged corresponding to the walking beams on the corresponding sides, the transverse beams are arranged along the main truss transversely, and the longitudinal beams on the two lateral sides are connected through the transverse beams;

the upright posts are connected between the walking beams and the corresponding longitudinal beams.

The main truss structure is stable in structure. The upper structure of the main truss consists of a stable frame structure formed by longitudinal beams and transverse beams; the lower part structure of the main truss is only provided with walking beams positioned on the two lateral sides of the main truss, the walking beams are positioned on the two sides of a vertical shaft or an inclined shaft opening, the lower part structure is not provided with a structure of transversely connecting the walking beams on the two sides, and enough longitudinal space is provided for the overturning of the pressure steel pipe, so that the influence on the overturning of the pressure steel pipe can be avoided.

Preferably, the superstructure further comprises a second walking track, the second walking track being longitudinally arranged on the stringers along the main truss, and the secondary lifting mechanism being movable along the second walking track.

Through the design of the second walking track and the second walking mechanism, the distance between the auxiliary lifting mechanism and the main lifting mechanism can be longitudinally adjusted, namely, the position relation of the second lifting point relative to the first lifting point in the first direction is adjusted, so that the pressure steel pipe can be turned over conveniently.

Preferably, the device further comprises a turning-over trolley, wherein the turning-over trolley comprises an auxiliary lifting mechanism, a movable trolley, an auxiliary lifting mechanism lifting appliance and a second travelling mechanism, the auxiliary lifting mechanism is arranged at the middle part of the movable trolley in the transverse direction, the second travelling mechanisms are arranged at the two sides of the bottom of the movable trolley in the transverse direction, the second travelling mechanisms at the two sides of the movable trolley in the transverse direction can move along the second travelling rails at the two sides of the movable trolley in the transverse direction, the lifting cable tail end of the auxiliary lifting mechanism is provided with the auxiliary lifting mechanism lifting appliance, and the auxiliary lifting mechanism lifting appliance corresponds to the second lifting point.

Preferably, the lower part of the lifting appliance of the auxiliary lifting mechanism is provided with an automatic pin inserting and pulling device which is used for connecting a preset lifting lug on one side of the corresponding end of the pressure steel pipe. The connection between the sling of the auxiliary lifting mechanism and the pressure steel pipe can be automatically released after the auxiliary lifting mechanism is turned in place.

Preferably, the turning-over trolley further comprises a hanging basket fixing frame, a trolley guardrail and a travelling trolley cat ladder, wherein the hanging basket fixing frame is arranged at the transverse middle part of the travelling trolley, the hanging basket fixing frame is used for fixing a sling and a safety rope of a construction hanging basket, the construction hanging basket can lift and descend through the sling, the trolley guardrail is arranged around the travelling trolley, and the travelling trolley cat ladder is arranged outside the transverse two sides of the travelling trolley.

The setting of construction hanging flower basket is convenient for constructor to go into the shaft and be under construction.

Preferably, the superstructure is movable up and down along the upright. The position of the upper structure can be adjusted, so that the upper structure and equipment arranged above the upper structure can be conveniently hoisted above the upper structure.

Preferably, the superstructure further comprises a ring beam, the longitudinal beams and the transverse beams are connected to the side faces of the ring beam, the upright posts penetrate through the ring beam, and the ring beam can move and be fixed in the height direction of the upright posts.

The ring beam is hollow, so that the upright post can pass through the ring beam, and further, conditions are provided for the ring beam to move and fix in the height direction of the upright post, and conditions are provided for the upper structure to move and fix in the height direction of the upright post.

Preferably, the side of stand is equipped with hydraulic lifting system, and hydraulic lifting system contains pneumatic cylinder and climbing track, and the climbing track sets up along the direction of height of stand, and the climbing track can pass the collar tie, and the climbing track is equipped with a plurality of first fixed orificess along the direction of height interval, and the direction of height interval of stand is equipped with a plurality of second fixed orificess, and stand and collar tie pass through the fastener cooperation second fixed orificess and are fixed, and the first fixed orificess of climbing track can support the one end of pneumatic cylinder, and the other end of pneumatic cylinder upwards supports the collar tie.

The first fixing holes are formed in the height direction of the climbing track at intervals, the second fixing holes are formed in the height direction of the upright post at intervals, so that the self-climbing of the upper structure can be performed through the hydraulic cylinder, the limitation of limited formation of a single hydraulic cylinder is overcome, and the whole longitudinal beam, ring beam and cross beam of the upper structure can be installed to be short enough in the initial installation process, so that the main lifting mechanism and the auxiliary lifting mechanism are more convenient to hoist.

Preferably, the distance between the two vertically adjacent first fixing holes is equal to the distance between the two vertically adjacent second fixing holes, so that the synchronous stroke height is convenient, and the operation is more convenient.

Preferably, the hydraulic lifting system further comprises an oil cylinder mounting seat, an oil cylinder climbing seat, a climbing seat fixing pin shaft and an oil cylinder hinging pin shaft, one end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the oil cylinder mounting seat through the oil cylinder hinging pin shaft, the other end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the oil cylinder climbing seat through the climbing seat fixing pin shaft, the climbing seat fixing pin shaft or the oil cylinder hinging pin shaft penetrates through the first fixing hole, and the axial directions of the oil cylinder hinging pin shaft and the climbing seat fixing pin shaft are the same.

There is the clearance between stand and the collar tie beam, can exist the hydraulic cylinder and not be the absolute vertically condition, and the articulated mode is adopted at the pneumatic cylinder both ends can avoid the piston rod to receive the lateral force, and the operation overhauls more conveniently.

Preferably, the piston rod end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged with and fixed on an oil cylinder mounting seat through an oil cylinder hinge pin, the oil cylinder mounting seat is fixed at the bottom of the ring beam through a bolt, and the oil cylinder climbing seat is fixed on the climbing rail through a climbing seat fixing pin through a first fixing hole.

Preferably, the upper structure further comprises a jacking bolt, the jacking bolt can be screwed into and out of the ring beam, and the inner end of the jacking bolt is used for being abutted against the side face of the upright post.

Preferably, the four sides of the upright post are all provided with a tightening bolt.

The fixing effect of the upright post and the ring beam is guaranteed, and the influence on the vertical movement of the ring beam on the upright post is avoided.

Preferably, the upper structure further comprises a main hoisting mechanism platform, an operation platform and guardrails, the main hoisting mechanism is arranged on the main hoisting mechanism platform, the operation platform is located on the outer side of the longitudinal beam, and the guardrails are arranged on the periphery of the top of the upper structure.

Preferably, the upper structure is provided with a supporting platform structure, and the supporting platform structure is positioned between the main lifting mechanism and the auxiliary lifting mechanism;

The supporting platform structure comprises a supporting platform and a main lifting sling guide wheel arranged on the supporting platform, wherein the axial direction of the main lifting sling guide wheel is transverse to the main truss, and slings of the main lifting mechanism are guided by the main lifting sling guide wheel and downwards penetrate through the supporting platform structure and then are connected with lifting lugs preset on two sides of the corresponding end of the pressure steel pipe through slings arranged at the tail end of each sling.

Through main hoist cable leading wheel, can provide the position of setting up for main hoisting mechanism's hoist cable for main hoisting mechanism atress that can be better is as pressure steel pipe's the mechanism of releasing atress.

Preferably, the bottom of the supporting platform is provided with at least four mounting support legs, the four mounting support legs are fixed on the upper structure, the supporting platform guard rail is fixedly arranged around the supporting platform, and the supporting platform ladder is fixedly arranged on two lateral sides of the supporting platform.

The installation method of the turnover lowering device comprises the following steps:

s1, installing a lower structure of a main truss;

S2, installing the whole of the upright post, the hydraulic lifting system and the upper structure of the main truss on the lower structure, so that the upper structure is temporarily fixed on the lower part of the upright post, and then installing the main lifting mechanism and the auxiliary lifting mechanism on the upper structure;

The sling of the main lifting mechanism is provided with a first lifting point, the sling of the auxiliary lifting mechanism is provided with a second lifting point, the sling of the main lifting mechanism can be shortened and lengthened to change the height of the first lifting point, the auxiliary lifting mechanism can be shortened and lengthened to change the height of the second lifting point, the first lifting point and the second lifting point are arranged at intervals along a first direction, the position of the second lifting point can be adjusted in the first direction, the relative position of the first lifting point and the second lifting point in the first direction can be adjusted, and the first direction is a horizontal direction;

And S3, controlling the upper structure to rise to a designated height through a hydraulic lifting system and fixing.

According to the installation method of the turnover lowering device, the upper structure is temporarily fixed on the lower portion of the upright post, the main lifting mechanism and the auxiliary lifting mechanism are installed on the upper structure to form a structure required by turnover lowering, and then the upper structure is controlled to rise to the designated height through the hydraulic lifting system and is fixed, so that the initial lifting height of the upper structure is lower, enough lifting space is provided, the lifting difficulty is lower, and the installation is more convenient.

Preferably, walking beams are arranged on two lateral sides of the lower structure, the walking beams are longitudinally arranged along the main truss, and the first walking mechanism is arranged below the walking beams;

The upper structure comprises longitudinal beams, ring beams and cross beams, wherein the longitudinal beams are arranged on two lateral sides of the main truss, the longitudinal beams are arranged corresponding to the walking beams on the corresponding sides, the cross beams are transversely arranged along the main truss, the longitudinal beams and the cross beams are connected with the lateral surfaces of the ring beams, the upright posts penetrate through the ring beams, and the ring beams can move and be fixed in the height direction of the upright posts;

The side of the upright post is provided with a hydraulic lifting system, the hydraulic lifting system comprises a hydraulic cylinder and a climbing rail, the climbing rail is arranged along the height direction of the upright post, the climbing rail can penetrate through the ring beam, the climbing rail is provided with a plurality of first fixing holes at intervals along the height direction, the height direction of the upright post is provided with a plurality of second fixing holes at intervals, the upright post and the ring beam are fixed by matching the second fixing holes through fasteners, the first fixing holes of the climbing rail can support one end of the hydraulic cylinder, and the other end of the hydraulic cylinder upwards supports the ring beam;

The step S1 is as follows: at least two first walking tracks are longitudinally paved on the ground, two groups of first walking mechanisms are respectively fixed on the walking beams, then the two walking beams are erected on the two first walking tracks by utilizing a crane, temporary connection and reinforcement are carried out between the first walking tracks and the corresponding walking beams by using temporary supports, and walking is prevented from Liang Qingdao;

step S2 comprises the steps of:

S2A, erecting at least four ring beams and upright posts with the number corresponding to that of the ring beams on a lower structure: sleeving the ring beam on the upright post by using a crane, temporarily fixing the ring beam on the upright post, lifting the whole ring beam and upright post assembly, and fixing the ring beam and upright post assembly on the erected lower structure;

S2B, one end of a hydraulic cylinder of a hydraulic lifting system corresponding to the number of the stand columns is respectively arranged at the bottom of the corresponding ring beam, and the other end of the hydraulic cylinder is temporarily fixed on a climbing rail on the stand columns;

S2C, lifting the two longitudinal beams by using a crane, and then rigidly and fixedly connecting the two longitudinal beams with the longitudinal front and rear ring beams on two sides respectively; the cross beam is lifted by a crane and then rigidly and fixedly connected with ring beams at two lateral sides;

S2D, fixing the cross beam, the longitudinal beam and the ring beam into a whole, and installing structures to be erected on the cross beam, the longitudinal beam and the ring beam at corresponding positions;

the step S3 is as follows: the self-climbing of the superstructure and all the aforementioned components already mounted above the superstructure to a specified height is started with a pre-mounted hydraulic lifting system and then re-secured.

Preferably, in step S2D: firstly, fixing a supporting platform structure at the top on longitudinal beams at two lateral sides; a second travelling mechanism at the bottom of the travelling trolley of the turning-over trolley is erected on second travelling rails of longitudinal beams at two sides, and then the auxiliary lifting mechanism and the hanging basket fixing frame are arranged at the middle part of the turning-over trolley in the transverse direction; two groups of main lifting sling guide wheels are respectively arranged at the mounting positions on two sides of the supporting platform; the main hoisting mechanism platforms at the two sides are connected to the ring beam and the cross beam at one side of the top, and the main hoisting mechanism is arranged on the main hoisting mechanism platforms at the two sides;

Then, a sling of the main lifting mechanism is led out from the main lifting mechanism, guided by a main lifting sling guide wheel and downwards passes through a preset hole on the supporting platform, and then is connected with a sling at the tail end of the sling; the sling of the auxiliary lifting mechanism downwards passes through a preset hole of the turning-over trolley and is connected with the automatic pin inserting and pulling device; the sling of the construction hanging basket is fixed on the hanging basket fixing frame; and installing the operation platform at the top and guardrails at all positions.

Preferably, step S3 is as follows:

S3A, firstly hinging and fixing an oil cylinder climbing seat at the bottom of a hydraulic cylinder on a climbing track of an upright post by utilizing a climbing seat fixing pin shaft, taking down a portal fixing pin shaft for temporarily fixing ring beams and the upright posts before, operating the hydraulic cylinders of all hydraulic lifting systems to synchronously lift one stroke, temporarily fixing the portal fixing pin shafts on the next group of temporary second fixing holes on four upright posts, taking out the climbing seat fixing pin shaft, retracting the hydraulic cylinders, fixing the oil cylinder climbing seat on the next group of first fixing holes on the climbing track by utilizing the climbing seat fixing pin shaft, and repeating the steps until the upper structure and all top components integrally self-climb to the mounting position;

S3B, fixing the whole top by using a portal fixing pin shaft to a second fixing hole on the ring beam and the upright post.

Preferably, after step S3, the ladders on both lateral sides are secured outside the lateral sides of the superstructure.

The construction method of the inclined shaft of the pressure steel pipe comprises the following construction steps:

Step one: transporting the pressure steel pipe to a gentle slope section at the junction of the upper flat hole and the inclined shaft, so that a transport trolley fixed at the bottom of the pressure steel pipe is arranged on the gentle slope section, and a first lifting point of a sling of a main lifting mechanism of the overturning and lowering device is connected with the pressure steel pipe;

step two: by lengthening the sling of the main lifting mechanism, the pressure steel pipe and the transportation trolley are downwards moved to a designated installation position under the action of gravity;

step three: installing a pressure steel pipe, and pulling the transport trolley back to the upper flat hole;

Step four: and repeating the first step to the third step until the pressure steel pipe of the inclined shaft is installed.

The construction method of the inclined shaft of the pressure steel pipe can utilize the overturning and lowering device to carry out construction, and has the advantages of less required equipment, high construction efficiency and convenience in construction.

Preferably, in the first step, the transportation trolley is fixed at the bottom of the pressure steel pipe, the pressure steel pipe is connected through a first lifting point of a sling of a main lifting mechanism and a second lifting point of a sling of an auxiliary lifting mechanism of the overturning and lowering device, then the pressure steel pipe and the transportation trolley are integrally transported to a gentle slope section through the overturning and lowering device, the pressure steel pipe is lowered through a sling of the main lifting mechanism and a sling of the auxiliary lifting mechanism, the transportation trolley fixed at the bottom of the pressure steel pipe is placed on the gentle slope section, and the connection between the sling of the auxiliary lifting mechanism and the pressure steel pipe is released;

In the second step, the sling of the main lifting mechanism is lengthened and the overturning and lowering device is synchronously moved, so that the included angle between the sling of the main lifting mechanism and the inclined shaft is smaller than or equal to the difference value between the 90 DEG angle and the horizontal included angle of the inclined shaft until the overturning and lowering device is moved to touch the limiting device and is kept fixed; and then continuing to lengthen the sling of the main lifting mechanism, so that the pressure steel pipe and the transportation trolley integrally move downwards to a specified installation position under the action of gravity.

Preferably, in the third step, a pressure steel pipe is installed, a sling of the main lifting mechanism is connected with the transportation trolley after being released from the pressure steel pipe, and the transportation trolley is pulled back to the upper flat hole.

In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

1. According to the overturning and lowering device, when the main lifting mechanism is used for hanging one end of a pressure steel pipe through the sling, the sling of the auxiliary lifting mechanism is used for lowering the other end of the pressure steel pipe, so that the first lifting point is used as a rotation center, the second lifting point is lowered, the pressure steel pipe can be overturned, in the overturning process, the relative positions of the first lifting point and the second lifting point in the first direction can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the second lifting point in the first direction, the second lifting point can be close to or far from the first lifting point in the first direction, and the position relation between the second lifting point and the pressure steel pipe after being overturned is adapted, so that the pressure steel pipe can be overturned from a horizontal and longitudinal placement state to a vertical or inclined state; the turnover and lowering of the pressure steel pipe can be realized. And the main truss can move along the first direction, namely can be used for transporting the pressure steel pipe through moving the position of the main truss synchronous adjustment first lifting point and the position of the second lifting point in the first direction, and is used for adjusting the position of the first lifting point in the first direction, so that the position of the turning center of the pressure steel pipe in the first direction can be changed, the longer turning of the pressure steel pipe can be carried out at a vertical shaft or an inclined shaft hole, the pressure steel pipe can be better turned and used, and the application range of the pressure steel pipe turning device is wider. The pressure steel pipe can be placed longitudinally in the upper flat hole and transported to a vertical shaft or an inclined shaft opening through the overturning and lowering device, the overturning and lowering device is utilized for overturning and lowering, the length of single transportation and installation of the pressure steel pipe can be longer, the pressure steel pipe which needs to be overturned and lowered can be transported and adjusted by utilizing the movement of the main truss in the first direction, the single installation length can be improved in this way, the installation period is shortened, the use of transport means can be reduced, and when an ultra-long vertical shaft or an inclined shaft is encountered, the construction period can be better guaranteed.

2. According to the overturning and lowering device, the main truss can be used for completing the arrangement of slings of the main lifting mechanism and the auxiliary lifting mechanism, the main lifting mechanism and the auxiliary lifting mechanism can not be arranged through the horizontal hole vault, in addition, a lifting point or a crane is not required to be arranged at the top of the upper horizontal hole, the construction of the horizontal hole vault is reduced, and the construction is simpler. And the mode does not need to be provided with a hanging point or a crane at the top of the upper flat hole, so that the construction is simpler.

3. According to the overturning and lowering device, the first travelling mechanism can drive the main truss to move, so that the horizontal transportation of the pressure steel pipe can be realized. The first travelling mechanism drives the main truss to move, so that the positions of the main lifting mechanism and the auxiliary lifting mechanism can be changed, and the position relation of the corresponding lifting point on the pressure steel pipe relative to the upper flat hole is changed; and the auxiliary lifting mechanism can be close to or far away from the main lifting mechanism on the main truss, so that the position relation of the lifting points at the two ends of the pressure steel pipe can be changed, and further, the position relation among the main lifting mechanism, the auxiliary lifting mechanism and the upper flat hole can be changed at the position of the vertical shaft or the inclined shaft hole, so that collision and the like between the pressure steel pipe and the vertical shaft or the inclined shaft hole during overturning can be avoided, the stress angle of a steel rope can be adjusted, the stress safety is ensured, the length of the overturned pressure steel pipe can be further improved, and even the length of the overturned pressure steel pipe can be 9m or even 12m.

4. According to the overturning and lowering device, the auxiliary lifting mechanism is arranged in the transverse middle of the movable trolley, and the overturning trolley is formed by combining the hanging basket fixing frame and the like, so that longitudinal movement can be provided for the auxiliary lifting mechanism, and the relative position between the auxiliary lifting mechanism and the main lifting mechanism is changed. And the hanging basket fixing frame and the like can provide guarantee for the installation of the pressure steel pipe in the vertical shaft.

5. According to the overturning and lowering device, the main truss comprises the upper structure, the lower structure and the upright posts, the upper structure can move up and down along the upright posts, the position of the upper structure can be adjusted, and the upper structure and the lower structure can be conveniently hoisted above the upper structure; preferably, the upper structure moves up and down along the upright post in a self-climbing mode.

6. According to the installation method of the overturning and lowering device, the upper structure is temporarily fixed at the lower part of the upright post, and then the upper structure is controlled to rise to the designated height through the hydraulic lifting system and is fixed, so that the initial lifting height of the upper structure is lower, enough lifting space is provided, the lifting difficulty is lower, and the installation is more convenient.

7. The construction method of the inclined shaft of the pressure steel pipe can utilize the overturning and lowering device to carry out construction, and has the advantages of less required equipment, high construction efficiency and convenience in construction.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of the flip-down device of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the flip-down device of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of the inverted drop apparatus and the penstock drop shaft of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of the superstructure; FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of the superstructure; FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion of FIG. 1 at circle A; FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion of FIG. 2 at circle B; FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a lifting of a superstructure; FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic lift system installation; FIG. 10 is a schematic side view of a hydraulic lift system; FIG. 11 is a schematic front view of a hydraulic lift system; FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a primary hoist sling forming a first suspension point downwardly after the sling of the primary hoist has bypassed the primary hoist sling guide; FIG. 13 is a schematic top view of a support platform structure; FIG. 14 is a schematic side view of a support platform structure; FIG. 15 is a schematic side view of a turn-over trolley; FIG. 16 is a schematic front view of a turn-over trolley; FIG. 17 is a schematic top view of a turn-over trolley; FIG. 18 is a schematic side view of the inverted drop apparatus of the present invention at a shaft opening having an arcuate lead angle; FIG. 19 is a schematic plan view of the inverted drop apparatus of the present invention at a shaft opening; FIG. 20 is a schematic side view of the inverted drop apparatus of the present invention at a right angle shaft opening; FIG. 21 is a schematic view of the inverted drop apparatus of the present invention below a penstock at a right angle shaft opening; FIG. 22 is a schematic view of the view at C in FIG. 21; FIG. 23 is a schematic view of the view angle I-I of FIG. 21; FIG. 24 is a schematic view of a second suspension point;

FIG. 25 is a schematic view showing a state in which the turning down apparatus of the present invention transports a penstock to a shaft opening; FIG. 26 is a schematic view showing a state in which the turning down device of the present invention lifts the penstock upward; FIG. 27 is a schematic illustration of the inverted drop apparatus of the present invention not lifting a penstock at a shaft opening having an arcuate lead angle for penstock inversion; fig. 28 is a schematic diagram of the state after the steps corresponding to steps S02A and S02B are performed; fig. 29 is a schematic view of the state in which step S02C is performed for the first time; fig. 30 is a schematic diagram of a state in which step S02D is performed for the first time; fig. 31 to 42 are schematic diagrams of states (total 6 cycles) after the execution of each subsequent cycle of steps S02C to S02D; fig. 43 is a schematic diagram of the state after the execution of the corresponding step of step S02F; fig. 44 is a view showing the application of the inverted lowering device of the present invention to the inverted lowering construction of the penstock of the shaft outside the hole; FIG. 45 is a schematic view of the inverted lowering device of the present invention employing dual primary lifting mechanisms in a first direction; fig. 46 is a schematic diagram of a penstock inclined shaft construction method.

Icon: 1. a first travel mechanism; 2. a walking beam; 3. a column; 4. a hydraulic lifting system; 401. a hydraulic cylinder; 402. an oil cylinder mounting seat; 403. an oil cylinder climbing seat; 404. a climbing seat fixing pin shaft; 405. the oil cylinder is hinged with the pin shaft; 5. a main lifting mechanism; 6. a superstructure; 601. a longitudinal beam; 602. a ring beam; 603. a cross beam; 604. a portal frame fixing pin shaft; 605. a main hoisting mechanism platform; 606. an operating platform; 607. guard bars; 608. a second walking track; 609. a jack bolt; 7. a support platform structure; 701. a main lifting sling guide wheel; 702. a support platform; 703. supporting a platform guard rail; 704. a support platform ladder; 8. constructing a hanging basket; 9. a turning-over trolley; 901. an auxiliary lifting mechanism; 902. a moving trolley; 903. a hanging basket fixing frame; 904. trolley guard rail; 905. a lifting appliance of the auxiliary lifting mechanism; 906. an automatic pin inserting and pulling device; 907. a travelling trolley climbs a ladder; 908. a second travelling mechanism; 10. a ladder; 12. a first travel track; 13. a pressure steel pipe; 14. a flat hole is formed on the upper surface; 15. a shaft; 151. a shaft opening; 16. climbing the track; 161. a first fixing hole; 17. a second fixing hole; 181. a first suspension point; 182. a second suspension point; 19. overturning the space; 20. a sling; 21. a gentle slope section; 22. inclined shaft; 23. a limiting device; 24. and a transportation trolley.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

Example 1

The embodiment provides a turnover lowering device, referring to fig. 1 and 2, including a main truss, a main lifting mechanism 5 and an auxiliary lifting mechanism 901, wherein the main lifting mechanism 5 and the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901 are all arranged on the main truss, the main lifting mechanism 5 and the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901 are all provided with or can be connected with a sling 20, the sling 20 of the main lifting mechanism 5 and the sling 20 of the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901 are downwards through the upper part of the main truss, the sling 20 of the main lifting mechanism 5 is provided with a first lifting point 181, the sling 20 of the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901 is provided with a second lifting point 182, the first lifting point 181 and the second lifting point 182 are positioned below the upper part of the main truss, the lower part of the upper part of the main truss is provided with a turnover space 19, the sling 20 of the main lifting mechanism 5 can be shortened and lengthened for changing the height of the first lifting point 181, the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901 can be shortened and lengthened for changing the height of the second lifting point 182, the first lifting point 181 and the second lifting point 182 are arranged at intervals along a first direction, and the main truss can move along the first direction, and the first direction is a horizontal direction;

the position of the second suspension point 182 is adjustable in the first direction such that the relative positions of the first suspension point 181 and the second suspension point 182 in the first direction are adjustable.

In this embodiment, the sling may be carried by the primary and secondary lifting mechanisms 5, 901 themselves, or the sling may be connected to the primary and secondary lifting mechanisms 5, 901. The main hoisting mechanism 5 and the auxiliary hoisting mechanism 901 can be a structure such as a winch which can realize the shortening and lengthening of a sling, the sling can be also a steel rope such as a steel wire rope or a steel strand, or a non-metal rope which can achieve the corresponding hoisting, overturning and lowering purposes can be adopted, and when the non-metal rope is adopted, if the non-metal rope is insulated, the use is safer.

The first suspension point 181 refers to a point or a mechanism for connecting a pressure steel pipe on a sling of the main hoisting mechanism 5, and the second suspension point 182 refers to a point or a mechanism for connecting a pressure steel pipe on a sling of the auxiliary hoisting mechanism 901, and in general, the first suspension point 181 and the second suspension point 182 are both at the ends of the corresponding slings, as shown in fig. 1.

In this embodiment, main hoisting mechanism 5 and auxiliary hoisting mechanism 901 all need can provide the lifting force for the penstock, so main hoisting mechanism 5 and auxiliary hoisting mechanism 901 need can provide the structure of counter-force for it, in this embodiment, main hoisting mechanism and auxiliary hoisting mechanism's hoist cable all is downwards through the upper portion of main truss, first hoisting point and second hoisting point are located the upper portion below of main truss, the below on main truss upper portion has the upset space, can accomplish the layout of main hoisting mechanism and auxiliary hoisting mechanism's hoist cable with the help of main truss, can not set up main hoisting mechanism and auxiliary hoisting mechanism through the horizontal hole vault, and be used for in the last flat hole, this kind of mode need not set up hoisting point or loop wheel machine at last flat hole top, reduce the construction of horizontal hole vault, the construction is simpler.

In this embodiment, the first hanging point 181 and the second hanging point 182 are disposed at different positions of the main truss along the first direction at intervals, that is, the first hanging point 181 and the second hanging point 182 are spaced in the first direction, and can be used for hanging two ends of the penstock, so as to provide conditions for overturning the penstock.

In this embodiment, the position of the second suspension point 182 may be adjusted in the first direction, so that the relative positions of the first suspension point 181 and the second suspension point 182 in the first direction may be adjusted; one mode, first hoisting point 181 can not follow the first direction on the main truss, and the main truss can follow the first direction and remove, can be used for transporting the pressure steel pipe through removing the synchronous adjustment position of first hoisting point and second hoisting point in the first direction of main truss, and be used for adjusting first hoisting point in the position of first direction for can change the position of pressure steel pipe's upset center in the first direction, the position of the upset center of adjustment pressure steel pipe in the first direction promptly, make can carry out longer pressure steel pipe's upset in shaft or inclined shaft entrance to a cave, can be better be applicable to the upset use of pressure steel pipe, its application scope is wider. Alternatively, the first suspension point 181 may be movable in the first direction on the main truss.

In this embodiment, the first lifting point 181 corresponds to the main lifting mechanism 5, and the first lifting point 181 is a turning point of turning, so that the main lifting mechanism 5 provides a main lifting force during the turning process of the pressure steel pipe; and when the pressure steel pipe vertical shaft or the inclined shaft is lowered, the main lifting mechanism 5 is used for providing main lifting force.

In this embodiment, the overturn lowering device can be used for overturn lowering in a vertical shaft or an inclined wellhead. The first lifting point 181 and the second lifting point 182 are arranged along the first direction at intervals, and can be used for hanging two ends of the pressure steel pipe 13, and the main lifting mechanism 5 can adjust the height of the first lifting point 181, and the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901 can adjust the height of the second lifting point 182, so when the main lifting mechanism 5 hangs one end of the pressure steel pipe 13 through the sling 20, for example: the sling 20 of the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901 is used for lowering the other end of the pressure steel pipe 13, namely lowering the height of the second lifting point 182, so that the first lifting point 181 is taken as a rotation center, the second lifting point 182 is lowered, the pressure steel pipe 13 can be overturned, in the overturning process, the relative positions of the first lifting point 181 and the second lifting point 182 in the first direction can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the second lifting point 182 in the first direction, the second lifting point 182 can be close to or far from the first lifting point in the first direction, and the position relation between the second lifting point and the pressure steel pipe 13 after being overturned can be adapted, so that the pressure steel pipe 13 can be overturned from a horizontal and longitudinal placing state to a vertical or inclined state; when the pressure steel pipe 13 turns around by taking the first hanging point 181 as a rotation center, the part of the main lifting mechanism 5 connected with the first hanging point 181 can be in a vertical state under the gravity action of the pressure steel pipe 13, so that the rotation stability of the pressure steel pipe 13 can be ensured. After the pressure steel pipe is turned over in place, the connection between the second hanging point and the pressure steel pipe can be released, and the pressure steel pipe is lowered by lowering the first hanging point 181; after the penstock is turned over in place, the penstock is lowered by simultaneously lowering the first suspension point 181 without releasing the connection of the second suspension point to the penstock. The overturning and lowering device of the embodiment can be used for overturning and lowering construction of a pressure steel pipe of an outer shaft or an inclined shaft of a hole, as shown in fig. 44; the upset of this implementation is transferred and is put the device, also can be used to in going up the flat hole 14 that links to each other with shaft or inclined shaft, adopt this embodiment upset to transfer the device, pressure steel pipe can vertically place at last flat hole and transfer the device level through the upset and transport and put the device and overturn and transfer to shaft or inclined shaft entrance to a cave after utilizing the upset to transfer the device, pressure steel pipe single transportation length of installation can be longer, this kind of mode can improve single installation length, and then shorten installation period, when meetting overlength shaft or inclined shaft, construction period also can better assurance. And this upset device of transferring can be used to the transportation of inclined shaft's penstock, transfer and installation, can improve the efficiency of construction, reduces the input of equipment.

Example 2

In embodiment 1, the form in which the primary and secondary hoisting mechanisms 5, 901 form the first and second suspension points 181, 182 by slings may be chosen differently. The relative position adjustment of the first suspension point 181 and the second suspension point 182 in the first direction may also be selected differently. For example: a sliding rail is provided on the main truss to adjust the positions of the first and second suspension points 181 and 182 in the first direction. Wherein, first, the position of the second lifting point 182 in the first direction is guided by arranging a track, the relative arrangement of the first lifting point 181 can be fixed, the main truss can move, the pressure steel pipe can be transported by moving the main truss on the upper flat hole, and the positions of the first lifting point 181 and the second lifting point 182 in the first direction can be changed simultaneously by moving the main truss; second, the main girder may be moved in the first direction by providing a rail to guide the position of the second hanging point 182 in the first direction and providing a rail to guide the position of the first hanging point 181 in the first direction.

1-2, The position of the first lifting point 181 can be adjusted in the first direction based on the setting of the main truss, wherein when the sling of the main lifting mechanism 5 is directly downward as the first lifting point, the position of the first lifting point 181 in the first direction is adjusted by adjusting the position of the main lifting mechanism 5 in the first direction; when the sling of the main lifting mechanism 5 needs to bypass a guide structure such as a pulley and the like arranged on the main truss and then is downwards used as a first lifting point, the position of the first lifting point 181 in the first direction is adjusted by adjusting the position of the pulley in the first direction; or the position of the first lifting point 181 in the first direction may also be adjusted by changing the position of the main truss in the first direction.

In this embodiment, specifically describing the first example, as shown in fig. 1-2, the main truss is capable of moving along a first direction; the main truss can move along the first direction, the positions of the first hanging point 181 and the second hanging point 182 in the first direction can be adjusted, the transportation of the pressure steel pipe can be realized, and the pressure steel pipe can be transported to a vertical shaft or an inclined shaft opening through a turnover lowering device in an upper flat hole; the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901 can be close to or far from the main lifting mechanism 5 along the first direction on the main truss, so that the position of the second lifting point 182 relative to the first lifting point 181 in the first direction can be adjusted; the position of the second lifting point 182 relative to the first lifting point 181 in the first direction can be adjusted by moving the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901 on the main truss along the first direction, so that the normal overturn is ensured. And this kind of structure can carry out longer penstock's upset in shaft or inclined shaft entrance to a cave, and its application scope is wider.

Specifically, the bottom of the main truss is provided with a first travelling mechanism 1, and the first travelling mechanism 1 can drive the main truss to move along a first direction. The first travelling mechanism 1 can drive the main truss to move, so that the horizontal transportation of the pressure steel pipe can be realized, and the transportation distance is not limited by the main truss. The first travelling mechanism 1 drives the main truss to move, so that the positions of the main lifting mechanism 5 and the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901 can be changed, and the position relation of the corresponding lifting point on the pressure steel pipe relative to the upper flat hole is changed; and the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901 can be close to or far away from the main lifting mechanism 5 on the main truss, so that the position relation of the lifting points at the two ends of the pressure steel pipe can be changed, and further, the position relation among the main lifting mechanism 5, the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901 and the upper flat hole can be changed at the position of the vertical shaft or the inclined shaft hole, so that collision and the like between the pressure steel pipe and the vertical shaft or the inclined shaft hole during overturning can be avoided, the length of the overturned pressure steel pipe can be further improved, and even the length of the overturned pressure steel pipe can reach 9m or even 12m. The first travelling mechanism 1 may employ a device which can be moved and braked.

In this embodiment, the main truss approaches to the rectangular frame, and at least four first travelling mechanisms 1 are arranged at the bottom of the main truss according to a rectangular array, so that the moving stability of the main truss is ensured. The number of the first travelling mechanisms 1 can be more than four, and the first travelling mechanisms 1 are generally symmetrically arranged on two lateral sides, such as 6, 8 and the like, and the distance between the first travelling mechanisms 1 on two lateral sides needs to be larger than the transverse dimension of the vertical shaft or the inclined shaft hole opening on the upper flat hole, so that the first travelling mechanisms 1 on two lateral sides respectively pass through two sides of the vertical shaft or the inclined shaft hole opening. In this embodiment, each first travelling mechanism 1 comprises two wheels, the two wheels are arranged front and back, a driving motor is arranged beside each wheel, and the driving motor is used for driving the wheels to rotate and walk, so that the moving stability of the main truss is ensured.

In this embodiment, the first travelling mechanism 1 may be further guided, for example, a first travelling rail 12 is provided, and the first travelling mechanism 1 may move on the first travelling rail 12, so as to guide the movement of the main truss, thereby ensuring stability. When the vertical shaft is used for transporting the upper flat hole of the pressure steel pipe, the first travelling rail 12 is longitudinally arranged at the bottom of the upper flat hole 14 along the upper flat hole 14, as shown in fig. 18-19, the first travelling rail 12 is positioned at two lateral sides of the upper flat hole 14, the first travelling rail 12 is positioned outside two sides of the upper flat hole 14 connecting vertical shaft 15 or inclined shaft, and the first direction is the longitudinal direction of the upper flat hole 14. The relative positions of the main lifting mechanism 5 and the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901 are longitudinally arranged along the upper flat hole 14, and the arrangement enables the pressure steel pipe to be horizontally transported longitudinally along the upper flat hole 14 and avoid the vertical shaft 15 or the inclined shaft, so that the main truss can be longitudinally erected on two sides of the vertical shaft 15 or the inclined shaft.

As shown in fig. 1, the main truss comprises an upper structure 6, a lower structure and a column 3, wherein the upper structure 6 and the lower structure are connected through the column 3, and a turnover space 19 is positioned below the upper structure 6;

The first travelling mechanism 1 is arranged below the lower structure;

The main hoisting mechanism 5 and the auxiliary hoisting mechanism 901 are both arranged above the superstructure 6.

The upright supports between the upper structure 6 and the lower structure, which can provide a vertical turnover space between the upper structure 6 and the lower structure. In this embodiment, the main truss mainly provides setting positions for the main lifting mechanism 5 and the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901, and provides counter forces for the main lifting mechanism 5 and the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901, so that the main lifting mechanism 5 and the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901 can apply lifting or lowering acting forces through slings. As a preferred embodiment, the main hoisting mechanism 5 adopts a coil type winch, the sling adopts steel strands and the like, and compared with the steel wire rope, the weight of the steel strands can be lighter, and the steel strands are more beneficial to lowering and use. The auxiliary lifting mechanism 901 may be a hoist or a lifting jack, etc. In this embodiment, the lower portion of the main truss also needs to have enough overturning space 19, and the overturning space 19 is located between and below the main hoisting mechanism 5 and the auxiliary hoisting mechanism 901. The main truss adopts truss structure, and weight is lighter, and the installation is more convenient, and specific truss structure form can be selected, but needs to guarantee stability.

Further, the longitudinal direction of the main truss is the first direction;

The walking beams 2 are arranged on two lateral sides of the lower structure, and the whole walking beam 2 is formed by welding plates or sectional materials; the walking beam 2 is longitudinally arranged along the main truss, and the first walking mechanism 1 is arranged below the walking beam 2;

The upper structure 6 comprises a longitudinal beam 601 and a transverse beam 603, wherein the longitudinal beam 601 is arranged on two lateral sides of the main truss, the longitudinal beam 601 is arranged corresponding to the walking beam 2 on the corresponding side, the transverse beam 603 is arranged along the transverse direction of the main truss, and the longitudinal beams 601 on two lateral sides are connected through the transverse beam 603;

The upright 3 is connected between the walking beam 2 and the corresponding longitudinal beam 601. The main truss structure is stable in structure. The upper structure of the main truss is composed of a stable frame structure by longitudinal beams 601 and transverse beams 603; the lower part structure of main truss only is located the walking beam 2 of the horizontal both sides of main truss, and walking beam 2 is located the both sides of shaft or inclined shaft entrance to a cave, and the lower part structure does not set up the structure of transversely connecting both sides walking beam 2, provides sufficient vertical space for the upset of pressure steel pipe, can avoid causing the influence to the upset of pressure steel pipe.

As shown in fig. 12, in a first suspension point forming manner, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the superstructure 6 further includes a main hoisting mechanism platform 605, an operation platform 606, and a guard rail 607, where the operation platform 606 is located outside the longitudinal beam 601, and may be fastened by bolts or welded. The guard rail 607 is arranged around the top of the superstructure 6, mainly for safety protection of operators. The left end of the superstructure 6 is provided with main hoisting mechanism platforms 605 on both lateral sides, one main hoisting mechanism 5 being provided for each main hoisting mechanism platform 605. As shown in fig. 1, 2, 13 and 14, the upper structure 6 is further provided with a supporting platform structure 7, and the supporting platform structure 7 is located between the main hoisting mechanism 5 and the auxiliary hoisting mechanism 901; The supporting platform structure 7 comprises a supporting platform 702 and a main lifting sling guide wheel 701 arranged on the supporting platform 702, wherein the supporting platform 702 is made of a section bar or a plate, and four mounting legs are arranged on the supporting platform 702 and used for being fixedly mounted with a superstructure; the main lifting sling guide wheels 701 are fixed on two sides of the top of the supporting platform 702 in a bolt mode and the like; the upper surface of the support platform 702 is also provided with a checkered plate as a work platform surface for an operator. The axial direction of the main lifting sling guide wheels 701 is the transverse direction of the main truss, the slings 20 of the main lifting mechanisms 5 are guided by the main lifting sling guide wheels 701 and downwards pass through the supporting platform structure 7, then are connected with lifting lugs preset on two sides of the corresponding ends of the pressure steel pipes 13 through slings arranged at the tail ends of the slings 20, the supporting platform 702 stretches across the longitudinal beams arranged on two sides corresponding to the main lifting mechanisms 5 on the transverse sides of the transverse direction, the supporting platform 702 is respectively provided with one main lifting sling guide wheel 701 on the transverse sides of the main truss, the slings 20 of the main lifting mechanisms 5 on each side bypass the main lifting sling guide wheels 701 on the corresponding side from top to bottom to form a first lifting point, I.e. two first suspension points, which are respectively and correspondingly connected to two sides of the same end of the penstock, as shown in fig. 22-24. Through main hoist cable leading wheel 701, can provide the position of setting up for main hoisting mechanism 5's hoist cable for main hoisting mechanism 5 can be better atress is as the whereabouts stress mechanism of penstock. In this embodiment, at least four mounting legs are provided at the bottom of the support platform 702, the four mounting legs are fixed on the upper structure 6, support platform guard rails 703 are installed and fixed around the support platform 702, and support platform ladders 704 are installed and fixed on two lateral sides of the support platform 702, as shown in fig. 13. The main hoisting mechanisms 5 on two sides are mechanically synchronized through the connection of synchronous shafts, the main hoisting slings are arranged on the two main hoisting mechanisms 5, the tail ends of the main hoisting slings are connected with slings for hoisting the pressure steel pipes 13, the main hoisting mechanisms 5 can be hydraulic hoisting jacks, coil type windlass and other devices, and the main hoisting slings can be steel wire ropes or steel stranded wires. As shown in fig. 45, the main hoisting mechanism 5 adopts a coil hoist, the main hoisting sling guide wheel 701 can also be another coil hoist, so that the sling 20 of the main hoisting mechanism 5 is wound on two coil hoists, each coil hoist is provided with a winding drum, and the diameter of the winding drum is not required to be too large when the length of the sling 20 of the main hoisting mechanism 5 is sufficiently long due to the adoption of a double-winding drum system, thereby avoiding the incapacity of being used in a space with limited height and avoiding the large processing difficulty and high cost caused by the adoption of the winding drum with too large diameter; besides, the distance between two adjacent reels in the first direction can be adjusted, so that the length between the reels can be increased, the length of the sling 20 of the main hoisting mechanism 5 which can be released is further increased, and the device is beneficial to being used for deeper vertical shafts or inclined shafts. In addition, the sling 20 of the coil winding machine can be a wide flat sling, and the thickness of the wide flat sling is small, so that compared with a wire rope or a steel strand, the wide flat sling can be lowered to a larger depth on the basis of the same number of winding drums and the same winding drum diameter.

As shown in fig. 2 to 5 and 15, the superstructure 6 further comprises a second travelling rail 608, the second travelling rail 608 being provided on the stringer 601 longitudinally along the main truss, and the secondary lifting mechanism 901 being movable along the second travelling rail 608. Through the design of the second walking track 608 and the second walking mechanism 908, the distance between the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901 and the main lifting mechanism can be longitudinally adjusted, namely, the position relation of the second lifting point relative to the first lifting point in the first direction is adjusted, so that the pressure steel pipe can be turned over conveniently. The trolley traveling rail 608 is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the two side stringers through a pressing plate and bolts and is used for traveling of the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901.

As shown in fig. 15-17, the turning-over trolley 9 further includes a hanging basket fixing frame 903, a trolley guard rail 904 and a moving trolley ladder 907, wherein the hanging basket fixing frame 903 is arranged in the middle of the moving trolley 902 in the transverse direction, the hanging basket fixing frame 903 is used for fixing a sling 20 and a safety rope of the construction hanging basket 8, and the construction hanging basket 8 can be lifted and lowered through the sling 20 so as to facilitate the lifting and lowering of the construction hanging basket 8; the trolley guard bars 904 are arranged around the movable trolley 902, and the movable trolley ladders 907 are arranged outside the two lateral sides of the movable trolley 902. The construction hanging basket 8 is arranged to facilitate construction personnel to go into the vertical shaft for construction.

As shown in fig. 1-3, the turnover trolley 9 is further included, the turnover trolley 9 includes the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901, the movable trolley 902, the auxiliary lifting mechanism lifting tool 905 and the second travelling mechanism 908, the main body of the movable trolley 902 is made of a plate or a section bar by welding, and the second travelling mechanisms 908 are arranged at the bottoms of the two sides and can travel on the second travelling rail 608.

The auxiliary lifting mechanism 901 is arranged in the middle of the travelling car 902 in the transverse direction, second travelling mechanisms 908 are arranged on two transverse sides of the bottom of the travelling car 902, the second travelling mechanisms 908 on two transverse sides can move along the second travelling rails 608 on two transverse sides, an auxiliary lifting mechanism lifting appliance 905 is arranged at the tail end of the sling 20 of the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901, and the auxiliary lifting mechanism lifting appliance 905 corresponds to the second lifting point 182. As shown in fig. 15, the lower part of the auxiliary hoist 905 is provided with an automatic pin inserting and extracting device 906, and the automatic pin inserting and extracting device 906 is used for connecting a preset lifting lug on one side of the corresponding end of the penstock 13. The connection between the sling of the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901 and the pressure steel pipe can be automatically released after the auxiliary lifting mechanism is turned in place.

As shown in fig. 1 and 8 in comparison, the superstructure 6 can be moved up and down along the upright 3. The position of the superstructure 6 can be adjusted so that the superstructure 6 and the equipment mounted above the superstructure 6 are hoisted above the superstructure 6.

As shown in fig. 3 to 7, the superstructure 6 further comprises a ring beam 602, and the longitudinal beam 601 and the cross beam 603 are connected to the side surfaces of the ring beam 602, and the pillar 3 passes through the ring beam 602, and the ring beam 602 can be moved and fixed in the height direction of the pillar 3. The ring beam 602 is hollow inside so that the column 3 can pass through the ring beam 602, thereby providing conditions for the ring beam 602 to be movable and fixed in the height direction of the column 3, and providing conditions for the superstructure 6 to be movable and fixed in the height direction of the column 3.

In this embodiment, the number of ring beams 602 corresponds to the number of columns 3, and specifically, the upper structure mainly includes two longitudinal beams 601, four ring beams 602, two cross beams 603, and two main hoisting mechanism platforms 605; four ring beams 602 are located at four corners, two longitudinal beams 601 and two transverse beams 603 are located in the length direction and the width direction respectively, and the longitudinal beams 601 and the transverse beams 603 are rigidly connected and fixed with the ring beams 602 through bolts and connecting plates respectively, so that a rectangular frame structure is integrally formed.

As shown in fig. 1, 8-11, the side of the upright post 3 is provided with a hydraulic lifting system 4, the hydraulic lifting system 4 comprises a hydraulic cylinder 401 and a climbing rail 16, the climbing rail 16 is arranged along the height direction of the upright post 3, the climbing rail 16 can penetrate through a ring beam 602, the climbing rail 16 is provided with a plurality of first fixing holes 161 at intervals along the height direction, the height direction of the upright post 3 is provided with a plurality of second fixing holes 17 at intervals, the upright post 3 and the ring beam 602 are fixed by matching the second fixing holes 17 through fasteners, the first fixing holes 161 of the climbing rail 16 can support one end of the hydraulic cylinder 401, and the other end of the hydraulic cylinder 401 upwards supports the ring beam 602. Through the height direction interval of climbing track 16 is equipped with first fixed orifices 161, and the height direction interval of stand 3 is equipped with second fixed orifices 17 for can carry out the self-climbing of superstructure through pneumatic cylinder 401, make up the restricted restriction of formation of single pneumatic cylinder 401, make superstructure's longeron 601, collar tie beam 602 and crossbeam 603 whole can install enough short in initial installation's in-process like this, hoist and mount main hoisting mechanism 5 and auxiliary hoisting mechanism 901 isopipe's structure more convenient. Preferably, the distance between two vertically adjacent first fixing holes 161 is equal to the distance between two vertically adjacent second fixing holes 17, so that the height of the stroke can be synchronized, and the operation is more convenient. In this embodiment, the fastening member may be a bolt or a bolt, and is preferably a bolt, and the second fixing hole 17 is a bolt hole, so that the installation, the fixation and the disassembly are convenient.

As shown in fig. 11, the hydraulic lifting system 4 further includes an oil cylinder mounting seat 402, an oil cylinder climbing seat 403, a climbing seat fixing pin 404 and an oil cylinder hinge pin 405, one end of the hydraulic cylinder 401 is hinged to the oil cylinder mounting seat 402 through the oil cylinder hinge pin 405, the other end of the hydraulic cylinder 401 is hinged to the oil cylinder climbing seat 403 through the climbing seat fixing pin 404, the climbing seat fixing pin 404 or the oil cylinder hinge pin 405 is arranged in the first fixing hole 161 in a penetrating manner, and the axial directions of the oil cylinder hinge pin 405 and the climbing seat fixing pin 404 are the same. There is the clearance between stand and the collar tie beam, can exist the hydraulic cylinder and not the absolute vertical condition, and the articulated mode is adopted at pneumatic cylinder 401 both ends can avoid the piston rod to receive the lateral force, and the operation maintenance is more convenient.

As shown in fig. 9 to 10, the piston rod end of the hydraulic cylinder 401 is hinged to and fixed to the cylinder mounting base 402 through a cylinder hinge pin 405, the cylinder mounting base 402 is fixed to the bottom of the ring beam 602 through a bolt, and the cylinder climbing base 403 is fixed to the climbing rail 16 through the climbing base fixing pin 404 penetrating through the first fixing hole 161.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the superstructure 6 further comprises a tightening bolt 609, the tightening bolt 609 being capable of being screwed into and out of the collar beam 602, the inner end of the tightening bolt 609 being adapted to abut against the side of the upright 3. More preferably, the four sides of the upright post 3 are respectively provided with a tightening bolt 609, so that the fixing effect of the upright post 3 and the ring beam 602 is ensured, and the influence on the vertical movement of the ring beam 602 on the upright post 3 is avoided. The jack bolts 609 are distributed on four faces of the four ring beams 602, and four groups of jack bolts are arranged on each face for eliminating gaps between the ring beams 602 and the upright posts.

In this embodiment, the main hoisting mechanism 5 and the auxiliary hoisting mechanism 901 can connect two ends of the pressure steel pipe through slings, and at the opening of the shaft, as shown in fig. 20, one end of the pressure steel pipe can be hoisted through the main hoisting mechanism 5, the slings of the auxiliary hoisting mechanism 901 are lengthened, so that the pressure steel pipe can rotate at the opening of the shaft at the first hoisting point of one end of the main hoisting mechanism 5 as a rotation center and the other end, and then the pressure steel pipe can be turned into a vertical or inclined state at the opening of the shaft, as shown in fig. 21, the slings of the main hoisting mechanism 5 are stretched, and the vertical or inclined pressure steel pipe can be lowered to a designated position in the shaft for installation.

By adopting the overturning and lowering device, the pressure steel pipe can be longitudinally placed in the upper flat hole and horizontally transported to the vertical shaft or the inclined shaft opening, and then overturned and lowered by the overturning and lowering device, the single transportation and installation length of the pressure steel pipe can be longer, the single installation length can be increased by the mode, the installation period is shortened, and the construction period can be better ensured when the pressure steel pipe meets an overlength vertical shaft or an inclined shaft. In addition, the main truss is used as a supporting stress in the mode, so that a hanging point or a crane is not required to be arranged at the top of the upper flat hole, and the use is simpler.

Example 3

The embodiment provides an installation method of a turnover lowering device, when equipment is installed in an upper flat tunnel, a lifting point is not required to be arranged at the top of the tunnel, and the installation can be performed only by adopting crane assistance, and the installation method comprises the following steps:

s1, installing a lower structure of a main truss;

S2, installing the upright post 3, the hydraulic lifting system 4 and the whole of the upper structure 6 of the main truss on the lower structure, so that the upper structure 6 is temporarily fixed on the lower part of the upright post 3, as shown in FIG. 8; then the main lifting mechanism 5 and the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901 are arranged on the upper structure 6;

The sling 20 of the main lifting mechanism 5 is provided with a first lifting point 181, the sling 20 of the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901 is provided with a second lifting point 182, the sling 20 of the main lifting mechanism 5 can be shortened and lengthened to change the height of the first lifting point 181, the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901 can be shortened and lengthened to change the height of the second lifting point 182, the first lifting point 181 and the second lifting point 182 are arranged at intervals along a first direction, the position of the second lifting point 182 can be adjusted in the first direction, the relative position of the first lifting point 181 and the second lifting point 182 in the first direction can be adjusted, and the first direction is a horizontal direction;

And S3, controlling the upper structure 6 to rise to a designated height through the hydraulic lifting system 4 and fixing.

According to the installation method of the turnover lowering device, the upper structure 6 is temporarily fixed at the lower part of the upright post 3, the main lifting mechanism 5 and the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901 are installed on the upper structure 6 to form a structure required by turnover lowering, and then the upper structure 6 is controlled to rise to the designated height through the hydraulic lifting system 4 and fixed, so that the initial lifting height of the upper structure 6 is lower, enough lifting space is provided, the lifting difficulty is lower, and the installation is more convenient.

In this embodiment, the installation of the flip-down device in embodiment 2 will be specifically described:

The lower structure of the turnover lowering device in the embodiment 2 is provided with walking beams 2 on two lateral sides, the walking beams 2 are longitudinally arranged along the main truss, and the first walking mechanism 1 is arranged below the walking beams 2;

The upper structure 6 comprises a longitudinal beam 601, a ring beam 602 and a cross beam 603, wherein the longitudinal beam 601 is arranged on two lateral sides of the main truss, the longitudinal beam 601 is arranged corresponding to the walking beam 2 on the corresponding side, the cross beam 603 is transversely arranged along the main truss, the longitudinal beam 601 and the cross beam 603 are both connected with the lateral surface of the ring beam 602, the upright post 3 penetrates through the ring beam 602, and the ring beam 602 can move and be fixed in the height direction of the upright post 3;

The side of the upright post 3 is provided with a hydraulic lifting system 4, the hydraulic lifting system 4 comprises a hydraulic cylinder 401 and a climbing rail 16, the climbing rail 16 is arranged along the height direction of the upright post 3, the climbing rail 16 can penetrate through a ring beam 602, the climbing rail 16 is provided with a plurality of first fixing holes 161 at intervals along the height direction, the height direction of the upright post 3 is provided with a plurality of second fixing holes 17 at intervals, the upright post 3 and the ring beam 602 are fixed by matching the second fixing holes 17 through fasteners, the first fixing holes 161 of the climbing rail 16 can support one end of the hydraulic cylinder 401, and the other end of the hydraulic cylinder 401 supports the ring beam 602 upwards;

The step S1 is as follows: at least two first walking rails 12 are longitudinally paved on the ground, two groups of first walking mechanisms 1 are respectively fixed on walking beams 2, then the two walking beams 2 are erected on the two first walking rails 12 by utilizing a crane, temporary connection and reinforcement are carried out between the first walking rails 12 and the corresponding walking beams 2 by using temporary supports, so that the walking beams 2 are prevented from toppling over; in this embodiment, after the first travelling rail 12 is laid on the ground, the first travelling mechanism 1 is first arranged on the first travelling rail 12, and then the travelling beam 2 is suspended on the first travelling mechanism 1, but this arrangement mode needs to adjust the positions of the front and rear groups of first travelling mechanisms 1, so that the operation is more complex. Because there is no connection between the walking beams 2 on both sides, the toppling can be avoided through temporary support, and the stable proceeding of the installation process is ensured. After the upright post, the longitudinal beam, the ring beam and the cross beam are subsequently installed, an integral structure is formed, the cross beam can form a transverse support, and the stability can be ensured without temporarily supporting the walking beam.

Step S2 comprises the steps of:

S2A, erecting at least four ring beams 602 and upright posts 3 corresponding to the number of the ring beams 602 on a lower structure: sleeving the ring beam 602 on the upright post 3 integrally by using a crane, temporarily fixing the ring beam 602 on the upright post 3, lifting the whole combination of the ring beam 602 and the upright post 3, and fixing the combination on an erected lower structure; specifically, the four groups of upright posts 3 and ring beams 602 are installed sequentially by the same method in the embodiment, and are fixed on the walking beam 2 erected in advance in the front; the ring beam and the upright post are lifted as a whole, so that the problem that the ring beam is lifted from the upper part of the upright post due to the fact that the upright post is installed first is avoided;

S2B, one end of a hydraulic cylinder 401 of a hydraulic lifting system 4 corresponding to the number of the upright posts 3 is respectively arranged at the bottom of a corresponding ring beam 602, and the other end of the hydraulic cylinder is temporarily fixed on a climbing rail 16 on the upright posts 3; specifically, the oil cylinder mounting seats 402 of the four groups of hydraulic lifting systems 4 are respectively mounted at the bottoms of the four ring beams 602 by bolts, and the oil cylinder climbing seat 403 at the other side is temporarily fixed on a climbing rail on the upright post 3 through a climbing seat fixing pin shaft 404;

S2C, lifting the two longitudinal beams 601 by using a crane, and rigidly and fixedly connecting the two longitudinal beams with the longitudinal front and rear ring beams 602 on two sides respectively; the cross beam 603 is lifted by a crane and then rigidly and fixedly connected with ring beams 602 at two lateral sides; the mounting sequence of the longitudinal beam 601 and the transverse beam can be adjusted; after the ring beam, the longitudinal beam 601 and the cross beam 603 are integrated, they are positioned at the lower part of the upright post, preferably near the bottom end, as shown in fig. 8, and the hydraulic cylinder 401 is positioned at the bottom of the upright post; specifically, two longitudinal beams 601 are sequentially lifted by a crane, rigidly and fixedly connected with front and rear ring beams 602 on two sides respectively through bolts and connecting plates, and then a cross beam 603 is bolted with the ring beams 602 on two sides in the same way.

S2D, the cross beam 603, the longitudinal beam 601 and the ring beam 602 are fixed into a whole, and then the structures required to be erected on the cross beam 603, the longitudinal beam 601 and the ring beam 602 are installed at corresponding positions;

In step S2D: firstly, fixing a supporting platform structure 7 at the top on longitudinal beams 601 at two lateral sides; a second travelling mechanism 908 at the bottom of the travelling trolley 902 of the turning-over trolley 9 is erected on a second travelling rail 608 of the longitudinal beams 601 at the two sides, and then the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901 and the hanging basket fixing frame 903 are arranged at the middle part of the turning-over trolley 9 in the transverse direction; two groups of main lifting sling guide wheels 701 are respectively arranged at the mounting positions of the two sides of the supporting platform 702; the main hoisting mechanism platforms 605 on two sides are connected to the ring beam 602 and the cross beam 603 on one side of the top, and the main hoisting mechanism 5 is arranged on the main hoisting mechanism platforms 605 on two sides;

Then, the sling 20 of the main lifting mechanism 5 is led out from the main lifting mechanism 5, guided by the main lifting sling guide wheels 701, downwards passes through a preset hole on the supporting platform 702, and then is connected with a sling at the tail end of the sling 20; the sling 20 of the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901 downwards passes through a preset hole of the turning-over trolley 9 and is connected with an automatic pin inserting and pulling device 906; and the slings 20 of the construction basket 8 are fixed on the basket fixing frame 903; and the top operating platform 606 and guardrails 607 at various locations are installed. I.e. the devices and equipment mounted on the superstructure 6 are both mounted in advance, the specific mounting sequence can be adjusted, eventually forming a first and a second suspension point.

Specifically, after the cross beam 603, the longitudinal beam 601 and the ring beam 602 are fixed into a whole, the supporting platform 702 at the top is fixed on the two side longitudinal beams 601 at the top by bolts, the turning-over trolley 9 is erected on the rails of the two side longitudinal beams 601, the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901 and the hanging basket fixing frame 903 are installed in the middle of the turning-over trolley 9, and the two groups of main lifting sling guide wheels 701 are respectively installed at the installation positions at the two sides of the supporting platform 702.

The main hoisting mechanism platforms 605 on two sides are bolted on ring beams 602 and cross beams 603 on one side of the top by connecting plates, bolts and the like, the main hoisting mechanism 5 is arranged on the main hoisting mechanism platforms 605 on two sides, and a main hoisting steel wire rope of the main hoisting mechanism 5 is led out from the main hoisting mechanism 5, guided by main hoisting sling guide wheels 701, passes through a preset hole on a supporting platform 702 and is then connected with a sling at the tail end of the main hoisting steel wire rope;

The lifting steel wire rope of the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901 passes through a preset hole of the turning-over trolley 9 and is connected with an automatic pin inserting and pulling device 906; the slings of the construction basket 8 are fixed on the basket fixing frame 903; an operating platform 606 at the top of the apparatus is installed, and guardrails at various locations.

The step S3 is as follows: the self-climbing of the superstructure 6 and all the components already mounted above the superstructure 6 to a specified height and the re-fixing is started with the pre-mounted hydraulic lifting system 4.

Step S3 is as follows: S3A, firstly hinging and fixing an oil cylinder climbing seat 403 at the bottom of a hydraulic cylinder 401 on a climbing track 16 of an upright post 3 by utilizing a climbing seat fixing pin shaft 404, removing a portal fixing pin shaft 604 for temporarily fixing a ring beam 602 and the upright post 3 before, operating the hydraulic cylinders 401 of all hydraulic lifting systems 4 to synchronously lift one stroke, temporarily fixing the portal fixing pin shafts 604 on the next group of temporary second fixing holes 17 on four upright posts 3, taking out the climbing seat fixing pin shafts 404, retracting the hydraulic cylinders 401, fixing the oil cylinder climbing seat 403 on the next group of first fixing holes 161 on the climbing track 16 by utilizing the climbing seat fixing pin shafts 404, and repeating the steps until the upper structure 6 and all top parts are integrally self-lifted to the installation position; after the upper structure is lifted by the hydraulic cylinder 401, fixing the upper structure, releasing the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder 401 from being fixed, pulling the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder 401 up by using the upper structure, then fixing the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder 401, releasing the upper structure from being fixed, lifting the upper structure by using the hydraulic cylinder 401, and adopting the circulation mode, so that the upper structure and the structure arranged on the upper structure are lifted upwards together;

And S3B, after the mounting position is reached, the whole top is fixed on the ring beam 602 and the second fixing holes 17 on the upright post 3 by using the portal fixing pin shafts 604. Each upright 3 is fixed by two gantry fixing pins 604, and eight gantry fixing pins 604 are used in total.

After step S3, the ladders 10 on both lateral sides are fixed outside the lateral sides of the superstructure 6. The ladder 10 is arranged and fixed at the tail part of the turnover lowering device and is mainly used for an operator to climb to the top of the turnover lowering device to carry out maintenance or operation and other works; the whole set of device is also provided with an electric and control system which is mainly used for power supply of the device and control of corresponding actions.

According to the installation method of the overturning and lowering device, the hoisting height of the upper structure and the structure installed on the upper structure is low, the installation is convenient, and the limitation of the top height in the tunnel on hoisting can be avoided.

Example 4

The embodiment provides a vertical shaft overturning and lowering method for a pressure steel pipe, which comprises the following steps:

S01, conveying the pressure steel pipe 13 longitudinally placed along the upper flat hole 14 to a vertical shaft hole 151, as shown in fig. 18-20; tools for transporting the pressure steel pipes such as roller frames and the like can be adopted in the transportation process; in this embodiment, the pressure steel pipe 13 may be turned over and lowered using the turn-over and lowering device described in embodiment 1-2.

S02, turning the longitudinally placed pressure steel pipe 13 at the shaft hole 151 to enable the lower portion of the longitudinally placed pressure steel pipe to be located in the shaft 15, and enabling the turned pressure steel pipe 13 to be in a vertical state, as shown in fig. 21.

S03, lowering the pressure steel pipe 13 to a designated installation position in the vertical shaft 15.

By adopting the vertical shaft overturning and lowering method for the pressure steel pipes, the pressure steel pipes 13 which are vertically placed can be horizontally transported to the shaft hole 151, compared with the pressure steel pipes 13 which are vertically placed in the horizontal hole, the length of the pressure steel pipes 13 which are vertically placed in the horizontal hole can be longer, after the pressure steel pipes 13 which are vertically placed in the horizontal hole are transported to the shaft hole, the larger space at the shaft hole can be overturned into the vertical direction and enter the shaft, and then the pressure steel pipes 13 can be vertically lowered to the appointed position at the shaft hole. After being placed in the shaft at the designated installation location, the subsequent installation process may be prior art.

In a preferred embodiment, the overturning and lowering device described in example 2 is used for transporting, overturning and lowering the pressure steel pipe 13, so that the pressure steel pipe which can be transported and lowered at a time is longer, the installation period of the vertical shaft pressure steel pipe can be shortened, and a lifting point or a crane is not required to be arranged at the top of the upper flat hole, so that the use is simpler. In the process of turning the pressure steel pipe 13 at the vertical shaft hole 151, one end of the pressure steel pipe 13 is lifted by the main lifting mechanism 5, and the other end of the pressure steel pipe 13 is lowered by the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901 until the pressure steel pipe 13 is turned to be in a vertical state;

Wherein, before, during and/or after the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901 lowers the other end of the pressure steel pipe 13, the whole overturning lowering device and/or the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901 longitudinally move along the upper flat hole 14 to avoid collision with the shaft hole 151 in the overturning process of the pressure steel pipe 13. That is, in the process of lowering the other end of the pressure steel pipe 13 by the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901, the positions of the front, middle and/or rear first lifting points and the second lifting points in the first direction need to be considered, so that collision with the shaft hole 151 in the process of overturning the pressure steel pipe 13 is avoided, and the construction safety is ensured. And the sling of the second lifting point is controlled to be in a vertical state as much as possible.

In this embodiment, when the turnover lowering device works, the turnover lowering device is integrally moved to the upper part of the pressure steel pipe to be hoisted, the pressure steel pipe is in a horizontal state at the moment, the main hoisting slings of the main hoisting mechanism are respectively connected and fixed on the lifting lugs in the vertical middle parts of the two lateral sides of the front end of the pressure steel pipe, the automatic plug pin devices connected on the hoisting slings of the auxiliary hoisting mechanism are connected and fixed on the lifting lugs in the middle of the upper sides of the rear ends of the steel pipes, then the pressure steel pipe is integrally hoisted and lifted, the turnover lowering device is integrally moved to the vicinity of a shaft hole, the main hoisting slings of the main hoisting mechanism are kept motionless, the pressure steel pipe is lowered by the auxiliary hoisting mechanism, at this moment, the angle of the pressure steel pipe is changed, the pressure steel pipe is turned over by means of the shaft hole, and meanwhile, the turnover trolley on the whole and the top of the turnover lowering device are correspondingly moved back and forth in cooperation with the turnover process of the pressure steel pipe, so that the pressure steel pipe and the shaft hole are prevented from collision in the turnover process. When the pressure steel pipe is turned from the horizontal state to the vertical state, the automatic pin inserting and pulling device automatically breaks off the pin, so that the auxiliary lifting sling of the auxiliary lifting mechanism is separated from the pressure steel pipe, and the subsequent lowering of the pressure steel pipe is facilitated. Then the main hoisting mechanism continues to pay out the sling, and the pressure steel pipe is hoisted and lowered in the vertical shaft in a vertical state until being lowered to the installation position in the shaft hole.

Example 5

The embodiment provides a method for turning down a pressure steel pipe vertical shaft, referring to fig. 25-42, in fig. 25-42, a large dotted circle is a circle where a track of rotation of upper and lower sides of a right end of a pressure steel pipe 13 at a first hanging point is located, and a small dotted circle is a circle where a track of rotation of upper and lower sides of a left end of the pressure steel pipe 13 at a first hanging point is located, and the steps of transporting, turning down and lowering the pressure steel pipe 13 are as follows by adopting the turning down device described in embodiment 2:

Before step S01, as shown in fig. 18 to 20 and fig. 25, the pressure steel pipe 13 placed longitudinally is lifted by the slings 20 of the main hoisting mechanism 5 and the auxiliary hoisting mechanism 901 to be placed longitudinally, so that the first lifting point 181 at the tail end of the slings 20 of the main hoisting mechanism 5 is connected with the vertical middle part of the transverse left and right sides of the main truss at one end of the pressure steel pipe 13, and the second lifting point 182 at the tail end of the slings 20 of the auxiliary hoisting mechanism 901 is connected with the upper side of the other end of the pressure steel pipe 13; the position where the main lifting mechanism 5 and the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901 are connected with the pressure steel pipe ensures the stability of horizontal transportation, overturning and vertical lowering, and can ensure that the pressure steel pipe is not in a vertical state after overturning. In the preferred embodiment, before step S01, the end of the sling 20 of the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901 is connected to the upper side of the other end of the pressure steel pipe 13 through an automatic pin inserting and pulling device 906;

S01, driving the main truss and the pressure steel pipe 13 to move longitudinally along the tunnel through the first travelling mechanism 1 of the overturning and lowering device, so that the pressure steel pipe 13 is transported to the shaft hole 151, and two ends of the pressure steel pipe 13 are positioned at two sides of the shaft hole 151;

for the vertical shaft hole with the lead angle, as shown in fig. 27, the height of the pressure steel pipe 13 is not lifted, and the overturning of the pressure steel pipe 13 in the vertical shaft hole can be realized; for a shaft opening which is not provided with a guide angle but is at a right angle, the height of the pressure steel pipe 13 is lifted, so that the corresponding overturning space 19 is met. As shown in fig. 26, i.e., between steps S01-S02, both ends of the penstock 13 are lifted such that the heights of the first and second suspension points 181, 182, which connect the penstock 13, are both close to the bottom of the secondary lifting mechanism 901.

Step S02 is as follows: S02A, the corresponding end of the pressure steel pipe 13 is lowered through the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901, and meanwhile the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901 moves longitudinally along the upper flat hole 14 towards the side of the shaft hole 151 where the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901 is located;

S02B, continuously lowering the corresponding end of the pressure steel pipe 13 through the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901, and simultaneously moving the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901 longitudinally along the upper flat hole 14 towards the side of the main lifting mechanism 5 of the shaft hole 151; the state after the execution of step S02B is as shown in fig. 28;

S02C, as shown in FIG. 29, the whole overturning and lowering device moves longitudinally along the upper flat hole 14 towards the side of the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901 of the shaft hole 151, so that the pressure steel pipe 13 approaches to the side of the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901 of the shaft hole 151;

S02D, as shown in FIG. 30, the corresponding end of the pressure steel pipe 13 is continuously lowered through the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901, and the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901 moves longitudinally along the upper flat hole 14 towards the side where the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901 of the shaft hole 151 is located until the pressure steel pipe 13 approaches the side where the main lifting mechanism 5 of the shaft hole 151 is located;

S02E, as shown in fig. 31-42, repeating the steps S02C-S02D until the penstock 13 is in a vertical state; wherein fig. 31-32 are one cycle, fig. 33-34 are one cycle, and so on. Under the position of the lifting point, the position of the lifting point is adjusted by the method, so that the vertical state of the sling is ensured, the stress is best, the pressure steel pipe can be ensured not to collide with the opening of the vertical shaft, and the quality of the pressure steel pipe is ensured. However, based on construction errors and actual adjustment conditions, the sling 20 of the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901 can have a certain included angle with the vertical state in the process of lowering, and is generally controlled within 10 degrees, so that the stress capacity is improved, the lifting mechanism is preferably controlled to be in the vertical state, and the best stress state is kept at all times; when the pressure steel pipe 13 is vertical, the automatic pin inserting and pulling device 906 automatically breaks off pins to enable the sling 20 of the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901 to be separated from the pressure steel pipe 13;

S02F, as shown in fig. 43, the whole overturning and lowering device moves longitudinally along the upper flat hole 14 toward the side where the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901 of the shaft hole 151 is located until the axis of the penstock 13 reaches the axis of the shaft.

Preferably, in step S03, the penstock 13 is lowered to the installation position using the slings 20 of the main hoisting mechanism 5. When the pressure steel pipe 13 is lowered, vertical pulling force is provided only through the main lifting mechanism 5, so that waste of resources of the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901 is avoided.

Specifically, the pressure steel pipe is subjected to roll welding by a roll welding trolley, and the pressure steel pipe is formed by welding a plurality of pipe pieces. The welded pressure steel pipe is transported to a shaft hole through a rolling welding trolley along a guide rail arranged at the bottom of the upper flat hole, two first hanging points and a second hanging point of a sling of the overturning and lowering device in the embodiment 2 are connected at the shaft hole, the two first hanging points are connected to the vertical middle parts of the two lateral sides of one end of the pressure steel pipe, and the second hanging point is connected to the lateral middle part of the top side of the other end of the pressure steel pipe. Then overturn is carried out to enable the pressure steel pipe to be vertical, the center of the pressure steel pipe is adjusted to be aligned with the center of the shaft hole, then the second lifting point is automatically out of pin and then is up to the height of the lifting point on the roll welding trolley, and the first lifting point is down to enable the pressure steel pipe to be mounted in the shaft.

After the steel pipe is in place, constructors can enter the pipe orifice position in the shaft hole through a construction hanging basket designed on the overturning trolley, and then enter the pressure steel pipe to construct through a preset construction platform and the like. After the pressure steel pipe is reinforced at the installation position, constructors need to enter a gap between the outer wall of the steel pipe and the tunnel wall, and the lifting device of the main lifting mechanism is separated from lifting lugs on two sides of the steel pipe, so that the main lifting steel wire rope and the lifting device return to an upper flat hole of a vertical shaft to carry out next pressure steel pipe joint lifting and lowering construction.

The in-tunnel overturning and lowering device provided by the invention can effectively solve the problem of in-tunnel overturning, lifting and lowering construction of the extra-long pressure steel pipe joints in the tunnel, when the pressure steel pipe joints are assembled and welded into the extra-long pressure steel pipe joints of 9m or 12m in the tunnel in a horizontal state, the in-tunnel vertical shaft lowering cannot be completed in the prior art, but the overturning and lowering device can overturn 90 degrees in the tunnel to enable the pressure steel pipe joints to overturn from the horizontal state to the vertical state, so that the overturning and lowering device is used for lifting and lowering in the vertical shaft. According to the overturning and lowering device, when the overturning and lowering device is installed, a hanging point is not required to be arranged at the top of a tunnel, and self-climbing installation can be completed through the hydraulic climbing device designed by the overturning and lowering device. The overturning and lowering device is integrally arranged on the ground in a mode similar to a portal crane, does not need to excavate the top or the side surface of a tunnel, does not need to be reinforced by a roof anchor, and is convenient to install and use.

Example 6

The embodiment provides a construction method of a pressure steel pipe inclined shaft, which comprises the following steps:

as shown in fig. 46, step one: transporting the penstock 13 to the gentle slope section 21 at the junction of the upper flat hole 14 and the inclined shaft 22, so that a transport trolley 24 fixed at the bottom of the penstock 13 is arranged on the gentle slope section 21, and a first lifting point 181 of a sling 20 of a main lifting mechanism 5 of the overturning and lowering device in the embodiment 1 or the embodiment 2 is connected with the penstock 13; the pressure steel pipe 13 can be transported by adopting a roller frame or a transport trolley and other transport modes, and the roller frame or the transport trolley can be provided with power for transporting in an upper flat hole; of course, the overturning and lowering device in the embodiment 1 or the embodiment 2 can be directly adopted for transportation;

in the first step, the transportation trolley 24 is fixed at the bottom of the pressure steel pipe 13, the pressure steel pipe 13 is connected by turning over the first hanging point 181 of the sling 20 of the main lifting mechanism 5 of the lowering device and the second hanging point 182 of the sling 20 of the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901, then the pressure steel pipe 13 and the transportation trolley 24 are integrally transported to the gentle slope section 21 by turning over the lowering device, the pressure steel pipe 13 is lowered by lengthening the sling 20 of the main lifting mechanism 5 and the sling 20 of the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901, the pressure steel pipe 13 is turned to an inclined state, the transportation trolley 24 fixed at the bottom of the pressure steel pipe 13 is placed on the gentle slope section 21, and the connection between the sling 20 of the auxiliary lifting mechanism 901 and the pressure steel pipe 13 is released;

Step two: by lengthening the sling 20 of the main lifting mechanism 5, the pressure steel pipe 13 and the transportation trolley 24 are integrally moved downwards to a designated installation position under the action of gravity; in this embodiment, when the pressure steel pipe 13 is transported to the gentle slope section 21 by adopting other transportation modes such as roller frames or transportation trolleys, the overturning and lowering device can be directly moved to a designated position, as shown in fig. 46, the right end of the overturning and lowering device is abutted to the limiting device 23, so that the overturning and lowering device cannot continue to move rightwards, and the pressure steel pipe 13 and the transportation trolleys 24 can be directly moved downwards to the designated installation position under the action of gravity by directly lengthening the sling 20 of the main lifting mechanism 5. However, when the pressure steel pipe 13 is transported to the gentle slope section 21 by the turning-down device, as in the turning-down device on the left side in fig. 46, because the positions of the turning-down device and the pressure steel pipe 13 are kept consistent in the transportation process, when the pressure steel pipe 13 reaches the gentle slope section 21, the turning-down device is not touched to the limiting device 23, so in the second step, by lengthening the sling 20 of the main lifting mechanism 5 and synchronously moving the turning-down device, the included angle between the sling 20 of the main lifting mechanism 5 and the inclined shaft 22 is smaller than or equal to the difference value of the horizontal included angle between the sling 20 of the inclined shaft 22 and the inclined shaft 22 until the turning-down device is touched to the limiting device 23 and kept fixed, in the turning-down device on the right side in fig. 46, the sling 20 of the main lifting mechanism 5 is always kept inclined left up to right, the stability of the lowering of the pressure steel pipe 13 is ensured, and after the turning-down device is touched to the limiting device 23 and kept fixed, the subsequent lowering angle of the sling 20 of the main lifting mechanism 5 is always overlapped with the central axis of the inclined shaft, the stability of the subsequent lowering installation can be ensured; the slings 20 of the main hoisting mechanism 5 are then continued to be lengthened so that the penstock 13 and trolley 24 as a whole move downwardly under the force of gravity to the designated installation position.

Step three: installing the pressure steel pipe 13, and pulling the transport trolley 24 back to the upper flat hole 14; the transport trolley 24 is pulled back to the upper flat hole 14 and can be connected through a winch before, so that the transport trolley 24 can be pulled back, or the transport trolley 24 has power and can automatically retract; in this embodiment, a preferred embodiment is adopted, in the third step, the pressure steel pipe 13 is installed, the sling 20 of the main hoisting mechanism 5 is disconnected from the pressure steel pipe 13 and then connected with the transportation trolley 24, and the transportation trolley 24 is pulled back to the upper flat hole 14 by shortening the sling 20 of the main hoisting mechanism 5, so that the provision of power equipment can be reduced. Wherein the penstock 13 is installed in the same manner as a conventional inclined well.

Step four: and repeating the first step to the third step until the pressure steel pipe 13 of the inclined shaft 22 is installed.

Wherein, before the first step, the pressure steel pipe 13 can be subjected to roll welding construction in the upper flat hole 14 through a rotating device.

The pressure steel pipe inclined shaft construction method in the embodiment can utilize the overturning and lowering device in the embodiment 1 or the embodiment 2 to transport, lower and install, is convenient and quick to construct, has few using equipment, and is beneficial to orderly carrying out construction.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.

Claims

1. The turnover lowering device is characterized by comprising a main truss, a main lifting mechanism (5) and an auxiliary lifting mechanism (901), wherein the main lifting mechanism (5) and the auxiliary lifting mechanism (901) are arranged on the main truss, the main lifting mechanism (5) and the auxiliary lifting mechanism (901) are respectively provided with or can be connected with a sling (20), the sling (20) of the main lifting mechanism (5) and the sling (901) passes through the upper part of the main truss downwards, the sling (20) of the main lifting mechanism (5) is provided with a first lifting point (181), the sling (20) of the auxiliary lifting mechanism (901) is provided with a second lifting point (182), the first lifting point (181) and the second lifting point (182) are positioned below the upper part of the main truss, the lower part of the upper part of the main truss is provided with a turnover space (19), the sling (20) of the main lifting mechanism (5) can be shortened and lengthened to change the height of the first lifting point (181), the sling (901) can be shortened and lengthened to be used for changing the height of the second lifting point (182), and the first lifting point (181) can be horizontally arranged along the first direction at intervals;

The position of the second suspension point (182) is adjustable in the first direction such that the relative positions of the first suspension point (181) and the second suspension point (182) in the first direction are adjustable.

2. The turnover lowering device of claim 1, wherein the main hoisting mechanism (5) and the auxiliary hoisting mechanism (901) are both disposed at the upper part of the main truss.

3. The turnover lowering device of claim 2, wherein the main hoisting mechanism (5) and the auxiliary hoisting mechanism (901) are arranged at intervals along the first direction, the main hoisting mechanism (5) is close to the first hanging point (181), and the auxiliary hoisting mechanism (901) is close to the second hanging point (182).

4. A roll-over lowering device according to claim 3, characterized in that the secondary hoisting means (901) can be moved on the main truss in a first direction towards or away from the main hoisting means (5) so that the position of the second lifting point (182) in the first direction relative to the first lifting point (181) can be adjusted.

5. The turnover lowering device of claim 1, wherein a first travelling mechanism (1) is provided at the bottom of the main truss, and the first travelling mechanism (1) is capable of driving the main truss to move in a first direction.

6. The flip-down device according to claim 5, further comprising a first travel track (12), the first travel mechanism (1) being movable on the first travel track (12).

7. The turning-down device according to claim 6, wherein the first travel rail (12) is longitudinally disposed at the bottom of the upper flat hole (14) along the upper flat hole (14), the first travel rail (12) is disposed at two lateral sides of the upper flat hole (14), the first travel rail (12) is disposed outside two sides of the upper flat hole (14) connecting shaft (15) or the inclined shaft (22), and the first direction is the longitudinal direction of the upper flat hole (14).

8. The turning down device according to claim 7, characterized in that the bottom of the main truss is provided with at least four first travelling mechanisms (1) in a rectangular array.

9. The turning-down device according to claim 8, characterized in that each first running gear (1) comprises two wheels, which are arranged in tandem, and that a drive motor is arranged beside each wheel, which drive motor is used for driving the wheels to run in rotation.

10. The turning down device according to claim 1, characterized in that the main truss comprises an upper structure (6), a lower structure and a column (3), the upper structure (6) and the lower structure being connected by the column (3), the turning space (19) being located below the upper structure (6);

the first travelling mechanism (1) is arranged below the lower structure;

the main lifting mechanism (5) and the auxiliary lifting mechanism (901) are arranged above the upper structure (6).

11. The inverted lowering device of claim 10, wherein the longitudinal direction of the main truss is a first direction;

The walking beams (2) are arranged on two lateral sides of the lower structure, the walking beams (2) are longitudinally arranged along the main truss, and the first walking mechanism (1) is arranged below the walking beams (2);

the upper structure (6) comprises longitudinal beams (601) and transverse beams (603), wherein the longitudinal beams (601) are arranged on two lateral sides of the main truss, the longitudinal beams (601) are arranged corresponding to the walking beams (2) on the corresponding sides, the transverse beams (603) are arranged transversely along the main truss, and the longitudinal beams (601) on the two lateral sides are connected through the transverse beams (603);

the upright post (3) is connected between the walking beam (2) and the corresponding longitudinal beam (601).

12. The turning down device according to claim 11, wherein the superstructure (6) further comprises a second running rail (608), the second running rail (608) being arranged longitudinally along the main girder on the longitudinal girder (601), the auxiliary lifting mechanism (901) being movable along the second running rail (608).

13. The turnover lowering device of claim 12, further comprising a turnover trolley (9), wherein the turnover trolley (9) comprises an auxiliary lifting mechanism (901), a movable trolley (902), an auxiliary lifting mechanism lifting tool (905) and a second travelling mechanism (908), the auxiliary lifting mechanism (901) is arranged at the transverse middle part of the movable trolley (902), the second travelling mechanisms (908) are arranged at the two transverse sides of the bottom of the movable trolley (902), the second travelling mechanisms (908) at the two transverse sides can move along the second travelling rails (608) at the two transverse sides, the tail end of a sling (20) of the auxiliary lifting mechanism (901) is provided with the auxiliary lifting mechanism lifting tool (905), and the auxiliary lifting mechanism lifting tool (905) corresponds to the second lifting point (182).

14. The turnover lowering device of claim 13, wherein the lower part of the auxiliary lifting mechanism lifting appliance (905) is provided with an automatic pin inserting and pulling device (906), and the automatic pin inserting and pulling device (906) is used for connecting a preset lifting lug on one side of the corresponding end of the pressure steel pipe (13).

15. The turnover lowering device of claim 14, wherein the turnover trolley (9) further comprises a hanging basket fixing frame (903), a trolley guardrail (904) and a movable trolley ladder (907), the hanging basket fixing frame (903) is arranged at the transverse middle part of the movable trolley (902), the hanging basket fixing frame (903) is used for fixing a sling (20) and a safety rope of the construction hanging basket (8), the construction hanging basket (8) can be lifted and lowered through the sling (20), the trolley guardrail (904) is arranged around the movable trolley (902), and the movable trolley ladder (907) is arranged outside the two transverse sides of the movable trolley (902).

16. The tipping and lowering device according to any one of claims 10-15, characterized in that the superstructure (6) is movable up and down the upright (3).

17. The roll-over and lowering device according to claim 16, wherein the superstructure (6) further comprises a ring beam (602), wherein the longitudinal beams (601) and the transverse beams (603) are connected to the sides of the ring beam (602), wherein the uprights (3) pass through the ring beam (602), and wherein the ring beam (602) is movable and fixable in the height direction of the uprights (3).

18. The turnover lowering device according to claim 17, wherein the side surface of the upright post (3) is provided with a hydraulic lifting system (4), the hydraulic lifting system (4) comprises a hydraulic cylinder (401) and a climbing rail (16), the climbing rail (16) is arranged along the height direction of the upright post (3), the climbing rail (16) can penetrate through the ring beam (602), the climbing rail (16) is provided with a plurality of first fixing holes (161) at intervals along the height direction, the upright post (3) is provided with a plurality of second fixing holes (17) at intervals, the upright post (3) and the ring beam (602) are fixed through the second fixing holes (17) matched with fasteners, the first fixing holes (161) of the climbing rail (16) can support one end of the hydraulic cylinder (401), and the other end of the hydraulic cylinder (401) upwards supports the ring beam (602).

19. The turnover lowering device of claim 18, wherein the interval between vertically adjacent two first fixing holes (161) is equal to the interval between vertically adjacent two second fixing holes (17).

20. The turnover lowering device as set forth in claim 18, wherein the hydraulic lifting system (4) further comprises an oil cylinder mounting seat (402), an oil cylinder climbing seat (403), a climbing seat fixing pin (404) and an oil cylinder hinging pin (405), one end of the hydraulic cylinder (401) is hinged to the oil cylinder mounting seat (402) through the oil cylinder hinging pin (405), the other end of the hydraulic cylinder (401) is hinged to the oil cylinder climbing seat (403) through the climbing seat fixing pin (404), the climbing seat fixing pin (404) or the oil cylinder hinging pin (405) is penetrated through the first fixing hole (161), and the axial directions of the oil cylinder hinging pin (405) and the climbing seat fixing pin (404) are the same.

21. The turnover lowering device of claim 20, wherein a piston rod end of the hydraulic cylinder (401) is hinged to and fixed to a cylinder mounting seat (402) through a cylinder hinge pin (405), the cylinder mounting seat (402) is fixed to the bottom of the ring beam (602), and the cylinder climbing seat (403) is fixed to the climbing rail (16) through a climbing seat fixing pin (404) penetrating through the first fixing hole (161).

22. The turnover lowering device of claim 17, wherein the upper structure (6) further comprises a jack bolt (609), the jack bolt (609) can be screwed into and out of the ring beam (602), and the inner end of the jack bolt (609) is used for abutting against the side face of the upright post (3).

23. The turning down device according to claim 22, characterized in that four sides of the upright (3) are provided with jacking bolts (609).

24. The turning down device according to any one of claims 10-15, characterized in that a first suspension point (181) and a second suspension point (182) are used for connecting the two ends of the penstock, respectively.

25. The turning down device according to any one of claims 10-15, characterized in that the superstructure (6) is provided with a supporting platform structure (7), the supporting platform structure (7) being located between the main hoisting mechanism (5) and the auxiliary hoisting mechanism (901);

The supporting platform structure (7) comprises a supporting platform (702) and a main lifting sling guide wheel (701) arranged on the supporting platform (702), wherein the axial direction of the main lifting sling guide wheel (701) is transverse to the main truss, and slings (20) of the main lifting mechanism (5) are guided by the main lifting sling guide wheel (701) and downwards penetrate through the supporting platform structure (7) and then are connected with lifting lugs preset on two sides of the corresponding end of the pressure steel pipe (13) through slings (20) in a lifting manner.

26. The installation method of the turnover lowering device is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

s1, installing a lower structure of a main truss;

S2, installing the upright post (3), the hydraulic lifting system (4) and the whole upper structure (6) of the main truss on the lower structure, enabling the upper structure (6) to be temporarily fixed on the lower part of the upright post (3), and then installing the main lifting mechanism (5) and the auxiliary lifting mechanism (901) on the upper structure (6);

The sling (20) of the main lifting mechanism (5) is provided with a first lifting point (181), the sling (20) of the auxiliary lifting mechanism (901) is provided with a second lifting point (182), the sling (20) of the main lifting mechanism (5) can be shortened and lengthened to change the height of the first lifting point (181), the auxiliary lifting mechanism (901) can be shortened and lengthened to change the height of the second lifting point (182), the first lifting point (181) and the second lifting point (182) are arranged at intervals along a first direction, the position of the second lifting point (182) can be adjusted in the first direction, the relative position of the first lifting point (181) and the second lifting point (182) in the first direction can be adjusted, and the first direction is a horizontal direction;

And S3, controlling the upper structure (6) to rise to a designated height through the hydraulic lifting system (4) and fixing.

27. The method of installing a flip-down device according to claim 26, wherein the lower structure is provided with walking beams (2) on both lateral sides thereof, the walking beams (2) being longitudinally arranged along the main truss, the first walking mechanism (1) being arranged below the walking beams (2);

The upper structure (6) comprises a longitudinal beam (601), a ring beam (602) and a cross beam (603), wherein the longitudinal beam (601) is arranged on two lateral sides of the main truss, the longitudinal beam (601) is arranged corresponding to the walking beam (2) on the corresponding side, the cross beam (603) is transversely arranged along the main truss, the longitudinal beam (601) and the cross beam (603) are both connected with the lateral surface of the ring beam (602), the upright post (3) penetrates through the ring beam (602), and the ring beam (602) can move and be fixed in the height direction of the upright post (3);

the side of the upright post (3) is provided with a hydraulic lifting system (4), the hydraulic lifting system (4) comprises a hydraulic cylinder (401) and a climbing rail (16), the climbing rail (16) is arranged along the height direction of the upright post (3), the climbing rail (16) can penetrate through a ring beam (602), a plurality of first fixing holes (161) are formed in the climbing rail (16) at intervals along the height direction, a plurality of second fixing holes (17) are formed in the upright post (3) at intervals along the height direction, the upright post (3) and the ring beam (602) are fixed through the second fixing holes (17) matched with fasteners, the first fixing holes (161) of the climbing rail (16) can support one end of the hydraulic cylinder (401), and the other end of the hydraulic cylinder (401) upwards supports the ring beam (602);

The step S1 is as follows: at least two first walking tracks (12) are longitudinally paved on the ground, two groups of first walking mechanisms (1) are respectively fixed on the walking beams (2), then the two walking beams (2) are erected on the two first walking tracks (12) by utilizing a crane, temporary connection and reinforcement are carried out between the first walking tracks (12) and the corresponding walking beams (2) by using temporary supports, and the walking beams (2) are prevented from toppling over;

step S2 comprises the steps of:

S2A, erecting at least four ring beams (602) and upright posts (3) corresponding to the number of the ring beams (602) on a lower structure: the ring beam (602) is integrally sleeved on the upright post (3) by utilizing a crane, and is temporarily fixed on the upright post (3), and the combined body of the ring beam (602) and the upright post (3) is integrally lifted and fixed on the erected lower structure;

S2B, one end of a hydraulic cylinder (401) of a hydraulic lifting system (4) corresponding to the number of the upright posts (3) is respectively arranged at the bottom of a corresponding ring beam (602), and the other end of the hydraulic cylinder is temporarily fixed on a climbing rail (16) on the upright posts (3);

S2C, lifting the two longitudinal beams (601) by using a crane, and rigidly and fixedly connecting the two longitudinal beams with the longitudinal front and rear ring beams (602) on two sides respectively; the cross beam (603) is lifted by a crane and then is rigidly and fixedly connected with ring beams (602) at two lateral sides;

S2D, a cross beam (603), a longitudinal beam (601) and a ring beam (602) are fixed into a whole, and then structures required to be erected on the cross beam (603), the longitudinal beam (601) and the ring beam (602) are installed at corresponding positions;

The step S3 is as follows: the self-climbing of the superstructure (6) and all the components already mounted above the superstructure (6) to a given height and the re-fixing is started by means of a pre-mounted hydraulic lifting system (4).

28. The method of installing a flip-down device according to claim 27, wherein in step S2D: firstly, fixing a supporting platform structure (7) at the top on longitudinal beams (601) at two lateral sides; a second travelling mechanism (908) at the bottom of a travelling trolley (902) of the turning trolley (9) is erected on a second travelling rail (608) of the longitudinal beams (601) at two sides, and then the auxiliary lifting mechanism (901) and the hanging basket fixing frame (903) are arranged at the middle part of the turning trolley (9) in the transverse direction; two groups of main lifting sling guide wheels (701) are respectively arranged at the mounting positions at two sides of the supporting platform (702); the main hoisting mechanism platforms (605) on two sides are connected to the ring beam (602) and the cross beam (603) on one side of the top, and the main hoisting mechanism (5) is arranged on the main hoisting mechanism platforms (605) on two sides;

Then, a sling (20) of the main lifting mechanism (5) is led out from the main lifting mechanism (5), guided by a main lifting sling guide wheel (701) and downwards passes through a preset hole on a supporting platform (702), and then is connected with a sling at the tail end of the sling (20); the sling (20) of the auxiliary lifting mechanism (901) downwards passes through a preset hole of the turning-over trolley (9) and is connected with an automatic pin inserting and pulling device (906); the sling (20) of the construction hanging basket (8) is fixed on the hanging basket fixing frame (903); and installing a top operation platform (606) and guardrails (607) at all positions.

29. The method of installing a flip-down device according to claim 28, wherein step S3 is as follows:

S3A, firstly, hinging and fixing an oil cylinder climbing seat (403) at the bottom of a hydraulic cylinder (401) on a climbing track (16) of an upright post (3) by utilizing a climbing seat fixing pin shaft (404), temporarily fixing a ring beam (602) and a portal fixing pin shaft (604) for the upright post (3) before taking down, operating the hydraulic cylinders (401) of all hydraulic lifting systems (4) to synchronously lift one stroke, temporarily fixing the portal fixing pin shafts (604) on a next group of temporary second fixing holes (17) on four upright posts (3), taking out the climbing seat fixing pin shafts (404), retracting the hydraulic cylinder (401), fixing the oil cylinder climbing seat (403) on a next group of first fixing holes (161) on the climbing track (16) by utilizing the climbing seat fixing pin shaft (404), and repeating the steps until the upper structure (6) and all top parts are integrally self-lifted to the installation positions;

S3B, fixing the whole top on the ring beam (602) and the second fixing holes (17) on the upright post (3) by using a portal fixing pin shaft (604).

30. Method of installing a flip-down device according to any one of claims 26-29, characterized in that after step S3, the ladders (10) on both lateral sides are fixed outside the lateral sides of the superstructure (6).

31. The construction method of the inclined shaft of the pressure steel pipe is characterized by comprising the following construction steps of:

step one: transporting the pressure steel pipe (13) to a gentle slope section (21) at the joint of the upper flat hole (14) and the inclined shaft (22), so that a transport trolley (24) fixed at the bottom of the pressure steel pipe (13) is arranged on the gentle slope section (21), and a first lifting point (181) of a sling (20) of a main lifting mechanism (5) of the overturning and lowering device as claimed in any one of claims 1-25 is connected with the pressure steel pipe (13);

Step two: the sling (20) of the main lifting mechanism (5) is lengthened, so that the pressure steel pipe (13) and the transportation trolley (24) are integrally moved downwards to a designated installation position under the action of gravity;

step three: installing a pressure steel pipe (13), and pulling the transport trolley (24) back to the upper flat hole (14);

Step four: and repeating the first step to the third step until the installation of the pressure steel pipe (13) of the inclined shaft (22) is completed.

32. The method of construction of a pressure steel pipe inclined shaft according to claim 31, wherein in the first step, a transportation trolley (24) is fixed at the bottom of the pressure steel pipe (13), the pressure steel pipe (13) is connected by turning over a first suspension point (181) of a sling (20) of a main lifting mechanism (5) and a second suspension point (182) of a sling (20) of a sub lifting mechanism (901) of the lowering device, then the pressure steel pipe (13) and the transportation trolley (24) are integrally transported to a gentle slope section (21) by turning over the lowering device, the pressure steel pipe (13) is lowered by lengthening the sling (20) of the main lifting mechanism (5) and the sling (20) of the sub lifting mechanism (901), so that the transportation trolley (24) fixed at the bottom of the pressure steel pipe (13) is placed on the gentle slope section (21), and the connection between the sling (20) of the sub lifting mechanism (901) and the pressure steel pipe (13) is released;

In the second step, the sling (20) of the main lifting mechanism (5) is lengthened and the overturning and lowering device is synchronously moved, so that the included angle between the sling (20) of the main lifting mechanism (5) and the inclined shaft (22) is smaller than or equal to the difference value between the 90 DEG and the horizontal included angle of the inclined shaft (22), and the overturning and lowering device is moved until the overturning and lowering device touches the limiting device (23) and keeps fixed; and then continuing to lengthen the sling (20) of the main lifting mechanism (5) so that the pressure steel pipe (13) and the transportation trolley (24) integrally move downwards to a specified installation position under the action of gravity.

33. A method of constructing a pressure steel pipe inclined shaft according to any one of claims 31 to 32, wherein in step three, the pressure steel pipe (13) is installed, the sling (20) of the main hoisting mechanism (5) is disconnected from the pressure steel pipe (13) and then connected to the transportation trolley (24), and the transportation trolley (24) is pulled back to the upper flat hole (14).