CN1183960C - 双歧杆菌细胞壁蛋白在制药中的应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明通过实验证明了双歧杆菌细胞壁和细胞壁蛋白对防御素基因是有效的活化因子,能使防御素的表达明显增高,因此,可将双歧杆菌细胞壁和细胞壁蛋白用于制备激活哺乳动物防御素基因的药品,用药方法可以通过口服、静脉内的注射、吸入或者栓剂、灌肠、或者口腔冲洗。根据人体中防御素的特点,此类药物主要用于消化道、呼吸道、泌尿生殖道等感染性疾病的免疫治疗。
Description
一、技术领域
本发明涉及双歧杆菌细胞壁和双歧杆菌细胞壁蛋白的用途,特别涉及在制药领域中的用途。
二、背景技术
双歧杆菌是发现最早的生理性细菌之一,现已在肠道疾病的防治、肝病的治疗等方面获得了临床应用(见《双歧杆菌》P131-139,康白主编,大连海事大学出版社,1998年5月)。研究表明,其对机体免疫系统有着重要的影响,尤其是可激活机体免疫系统,例如,激活巨噬细胞、B淋巴细胞、NK细胞、……(见“双歧杆菌的免疫激活作用及其生物学意义”,王立生综述,潘令嘉周殿元审校,国外医学生理、病理科学与临床分册,1998.18(4),P320-322),但尚未见关于双歧杆菌细胞壁和细胞壁蛋白激活防御素(defensins)方面的报道。
三、发明内容
本发明的目的在于证明双歧杆菌细胞壁和细胞壁蛋白具有激活防御素基因表达的作用,以便开发出一类新的药品。
防御素是一类富含半胱氨酸和精氨酸的低分子多肽,广泛分布于动物、植物和昆虫体内。与其他抗微生物肽相比,防御素具有特殊的抗性机理,它主要作用于病原微生物的细胞膜,使病原微生物不易对其产生抗性。而其他抗微生物肽主要作用于微生物的酶,酶基因的突变就会使靶细胞对其产生抗性,因此防御素具有其他抗微生物肽无可比拟的优势。此外防御素还具有十分广泛的抗菌谱,体外抑菌实验表明防御素可以抗细菌、真菌、被膜病毒等多种微生物,尤其是哺乳动物防御素除了对细菌、真菌、被膜病毒有毒杀作用外,还对支原体、衣原体、螺旋体及一些恶性细胞(如肿瘤细胞)和爱滋病毒有杀伤作用,具有更为广泛的抗菌谱。除了直接杀伤病原微生物外,对天然免疫和获得性免疫系统的功能还刺激作用,因此在医药上有着更广泛的应用前景和更高的应用价值,但从宿主有机体中分离防御素成本极高,使得防御素的利用受到限制(见“哺乳动物防御素的研究进展及其应用前景”陈颖、葛毅强等,生物化学与生物物理进展,2001;28(1),P17-21)。新近的研究显示,防御素(内源性抗菌肽)具有诱导表达的特点,感染、创伤和炎症信号可刺激皮肤和粘膜上皮细胞合成和分泌内源性抗菌肽(见DiamandG,Bevins CL.β-defensins:Endogenous antilcuotics of the innate host defense response.Clin Immunol Immunopathol,1998,88:221-225),卡菌苗胞壁蛋白能增强人肺腺上皮细胞防御素hBD-1 mRNA的表达及其抗菌活性(见“卡菌苗胞壁蛋白诱导人肺腺上皮细胞hBD-1 mRNA表达及其抗菌活性的增强”,冯云等,中华微生物学和免疫学杂志2001年7月第21卷第4期,P400-403)。可见,通过活化因子刺激防御素表达是利用防御素的一条更现实的途径。
本发明通过实验证明了双歧杆菌细胞壁和细胞壁蛋白对防御素基因是有效的活化因子,能使防御素的表达明显增高。所激活的哺乳动物防御素为β-防御素-1、β-防御素-2、β-防御素-3、β-防御素-4、LL-37/CAP18。因此,可将双歧杆菌细胞壁和细胞壁蛋白制备成激活哺乳动物防御素基因的药品,用药方法可以通过口服、静脉内的注射、吸入或者栓剂、灌肠、或者口腔冲洗。根据人体中防御素的特点,此类药物主要用于消化道、呼吸道、泌尿生殖道等感染性疾病的免疫治疗。
本发明中的双歧杆菌细胞壁和细胞壁蛋白的制备方法如下:
1、双歧杆菌细胞壁的制备
将冻干的双歧杆菌溶于裂解液(0.02mol/L磷酸缓冲液pH7.4,0.025%PMSF)中,冰浴下,20,000赫兹超声间断处理10~15次,每次处理时间为2分钟,每次间隔时间为1~3分钟,2000xg离心5分钟,取上清,然后55,000xg离心30分钟,取沉淀,溶于0.02mol/L的磷酸缓冲液中,获得细胞壁组分。
2、双歧杆菌细胞壁蛋白的制备
将双歧杆菌细胞壁溶于含1~2%SDS的磷酸缓冲液,室温下孵育30~45分钟,55,000~75,000xg离心30~45分钟,取上清,透析3天,按沉淀法的操作程序除去SDS,然后在-70℃冷冻、在-112℃经冻干机冻干浓缩,冷冻干燥后的双歧杆菌细胞壁蛋白的保存温度为-20℃。
本发明具有以下优点和积极效果:
1、双歧杆菌细胞壁和双歧杆菌细胞壁蛋白制备的药品通过激活机体内的防御素基因达到防治疾病的目的,开辟了一种新的免疫疗法。
2、防御素可在哺乳动物的很多组织表达,例如大脑、肾脏、心脏、脾、颊黏膜、鼻黏膜、眼结膜、舌脉络丛、气管、支气管、洗支气管、输卵管、子宫、子宫颈、阴道、睾丸、膀胱、尿道、食管、十二指肠、空肠、回肠、盲肠、升结肠、乙壮结肠、盲肠、降结肠和直肠、耳朵、胰腺、肝脏、卵巢等,因而双歧杆菌细胞壁和双歧杆菌细胞壁蛋白制备的药品可用来治疗哺乳动物包括人类和动物多个组织所患的疾病。
3、双歧杆菌对于宿主有益,它们之间处于共生状态,因而双歧杆菌细胞壁和双歧杆菌细胞壁蛋白制备的药品在诱导防御素的表达时只杀死包括病原体在内的敏感的非益生菌,而对于益生菌没有直接效应,并可使益生菌获得更多的营养,这对于益生菌在体内微生态环境提供很有效生长优势。
4、双歧杆菌的来源广,双歧杆菌细胞壁和双歧杆菌细胞壁蛋白的制备方法简单,便于实现工业化生产。
四、附图说明
图1是双歧杆菌细胞壁蛋白的检测图,图中,A为除去SDS前的双歧杆菌细胞壁蛋白,B为除去SDS后的双歧杆菌细胞壁蛋白,M为蛋白质分子标记;
图2是各实验组的人肠腺上皮细胞HT-29的总RNA检测图;
图3是利用RT-PCR检测双歧杆菌、双歧杆菌细胞壁、双歧杆菌细胞壁蛋白诱导人肠腺上皮细胞人β-防御素-1(hBD-1)基因表达的实验结果图,图中,A为HT-29细胞本身hBD-1mRNA有低量的基础表达,B为双歧杆菌刺激后hBD-1mRNA的表达,C为双歧杆菌细胞壁刺激后hBD-1mRNA的表达,D为双歧杆菌细胞壁蛋白刺激后hBD-1mRNA的表达,M为DNA分子量标记;
图4是利用Northern技术检测双歧杆菌、双歧杆菌细胞壁、双歧杆菌细胞壁蛋白诱导人肠腺上皮细胞人β-防御素-1(hBD-1)mRNA表达的实验结果图,图中,A为阴性对照HT-29细胞总RNA,B为双歧杆菌刺激后的HT-29细胞总RNA,C为双歧杆菌细胞壁刺激后的HT-29细胞总RNA,D为双歧杆菌细胞壁蛋白刺激后的HT-29细胞总RNA;
图5是利用RT-PCR检测双歧杆菌、双歧杆菌细胞壁、双歧杆菌细胞壁蛋白诱导人肠腺上皮细胞人β-防御素-2(hBD-2)基因表达的实验结果图,图中,A为阴性对照hBD-2mRNA的表达,B为双歧杆菌刺激后hBD-2mRNA的表达,C为双歧杆菌细胞壁刺激后hBD-2mRNA的表达,D为双歧杆菌细胞壁蛋白刺激后hBD-2mRNA的表达,E为阳性对照IL-1β刺激组诱导hBD-2mRNA的表达;
图6是是利用Northern技术检测双歧杆菌、双歧杆菌细胞壁、双歧杆菌细胞壁蛋白诱导人肠腺上皮细胞人β-防御素-2(hBD-2)mRNA的实验结果图,图中,A为阴性对照HT-29细胞总RNA,B为双歧杆菌刺激后的HT-29细胞总RNA,C为双歧杆菌细胞壁刺激后的HT-29细胞总RNA,D为双歧杆菌细胞壁蛋白刺激后的HT-29细胞总RNA,E为阳性对照IL-1β后的HT-29细胞总RNA;
图7是利用RT-PCR检测双歧杆菌、双歧杆菌细胞壁、双歧杆菌细胞壁蛋白诱导人肠腺上皮细胞LL-37/CAP18基因表达的实验结果图,图中,A为阴性对照无LL-37/CAP18mRNA的表达,B为双歧杆菌刺激后LL-37/CAP18mRNA的表达,C为双歧杆菌细胞壁刺激后LL-37/CAP18mRNA的表达,D为双歧杆菌细胞壁蛋白刺激后LL-37/CAP18AmRNA的表达。
五、具体实施方式
1、细胞株和菌株
人肠腺上皮细胞株HT-29来源于ATCC,由申请人的感染免疫研究室保存,双歧杆菌(长双歧B.longum NQ-1501)由申请人在四川大学华西医学中心口腔医学院微生物室培养,并经中国药品生物制品鉴定所及中国预防科学院流行病学微生物学研究所鉴定。接种于MRS培养基,37℃厌氧培养48小时。
配制MRS培养基(1升):
蛋白多胨10g、酵母粉5g、胰蛋白胨3g、葡萄糖10g、可溶性淀粉0.5g、硫酸亚铁100mg、硫酸锰6.74mg、硫酸镁200mg、半胱氨酸0.5g、磷酸二氢钾1g、磷酸氢二钾1g、氯化钠100mg、乙酸钠5g、柠檬酸三钠2g、吐温-80 1.0g,加蒸馏水至1升,调节pH为7.2,高温、高压、灭菌。
2.试剂
琼脂糖、二步法RT-PCR试剂盒、DNA分子量标准物为Takara公司产品。PCR产物纯化试剂盒、地高辛标记与检测试剂盒等为Boehringer Mannheim公司产品。RNA提取试剂(TRIZOL)为Invitrogen公司产品。SDS-OutTM Sodium Dodecyl SulfatePrecipitation Kit Reagent和BCA Protein Assay Kit试剂盒为PIERCE公司,重组IL-1β购自PeproTech EC.Ltd.公司。其余为国产分析纯。
3、引物
根据基因库人β-防御素-1 cDNA序列设计特异引物,NM_005218.R1:ACT TCCTAC CTT CTG CTG TT R2:CTG CGT CAT TTC TTC TGG,扩增片段长度为230碱基。β-防御素-2 cDNA序列设计特异引物,登录号为(NM_004942.2)。R1:5’TGA TGCCTC TTC CAG GTG TT 3’,R2:5’GAT GAG GGA GCC CTT TCT GA 3’,扩增片段长度为205碱基。LL-37/CAP18 cDNA序列(登录号为X96735)设计特异引物,F1 5’-3’AAC GGA TCC TTT GCC CTG CTG;F2 5’-3’CCA GGA TCC GGC ACA CAC TAG。扩增片段长度为114碱基。同时设计人β-actin引物为内参照,R1:5’GCG GGA AATCGT GCG TGA CATT 3’,R2:5’GAT GGA GTT GAA GGT AGT TTC GTG 3’,扩增片段长度为231碱基。
4、双歧杆菌有效成分的制备:
(1)细菌刺激物的制备
培养双歧杆菌,8000xg,10分钟离心沉淀收集,0.02mol/L磷酸缓冲液(pH7.4)洗涤3次。冻干后称取10mg,悬浮于1ml磷酸缓冲液中,达到109个/ml菌数,沸水煮浴5分钟。
(2)双歧杆菌细胞壁组分的制备
称取冻干的双歧杆菌500mg,溶于5ml裂解液(0.02mol/L磷酸缓冲液pH7.4,0.025%PMSF)中,20,000赫兹超声处理2分钟,15次,每次间隔1分钟。2000xg离心5分钟,取上清,然后55,000xg离心30分钟,取沉淀,溶于0.02mol/L的磷酸缓冲液中,获得细胞壁组分。
(3)双歧杆菌细胞壁蛋白组分的制备
将细胞壁组分溶于含2%SDS的PBS缓冲液,室温下孵育30分钟,55,000xg离心30分钟,取上清,透析3天,按SDS-OutTM Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Precipitation Kit的操作程序除去SDS,把除去SDS前后的细胞壁蛋白质进行变性(SDS)不连续凝胶电泳,检测蛋白条带,表明细胞壁蛋白为分子量约15kDa~100kDa的混合蛋白质分子,同时用BCA Protein Assay Kit试剂盒进行蛋白定量测定,并把可溶性蛋白经真空冷冻干燥后,-20℃保存。从图1可以看出,除去SDS前的细胞壁蛋白质(A)与除去SDS后的细胞壁蛋白质(B)无明显差别,表明蛋白质提取方法可行。
5、人肠腺上皮细胞HT-29细胞培养刺激实验
参照Ming Zhang等方法做贴壁培养细胞的刺激实验。取3×105 HT-29细胞接种于六孔板,37℃、5%CO2条件下培养2-3天,当细胞长到106,用于刺激实验。弃培养液,用RPMI1640洗去未贴壁细胞,加入冷的PBS,4℃孵育20min洗涤后,加入2ml无血清RPMI1640培养基以及双歧杆菌、双歧杆菌细胞壁、双歧杆菌细胞壁蛋白进行刺激实验。双歧杆菌为106个/ml,双歧杆菌细胞壁为100μg/ml,双歧杆菌胞壁蛋白质刺激浓度为50μg/ml。设20ng/ml的IL-1β为阳性对照,未受刺激的细胞为阴性对照。继续培养8个小时。刺激实验重复3次。
6、培养细胞的总RNA提取及RT-PCR
贴壁细胞总RNA的提取按TRIZOL RNA纯化试剂盒操作说明进行。经紫外分光度计和琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测RNA的质量及定量,各组间无明显差异(见图2)。RT-PCR条件是:第一步反转录反应,1μl细胞总RAN,反应终体积20μl,55℃30min,95℃5min使mRNA逆转录为cDNA。第二步PCR反应,50μl反应体积,各反应物终浓度为MgCl2 2.5mM,TaqTM酶2units,引物0.2μM,5μl反转录的cDNA产物,1x的缓冲液和水,94℃预变性3min,然后进行30个PCR循环:94℃ 30s,58℃ 35s,72℃ 45s,72℃继续延伸8min。
7、Northern杂交
按Boehringer Mannheim公司的“Dig DNA labeling and Detecting Kit”说明书操作,分别标记hBD-1、hBD-2和β-actin cDNA探针。以未刺激组为阴性对照,与双歧杆菌、双歧杆菌细胞壁、双歧杆菌细胞壁蛋白刺激组和阳性对照IL-1β刺激组RNA同时进行甲醛-琼脂糖电泳,转膜,固定,预杂交,杂交,最后经NBT/BCIP显色。
8、实验结果
(1)关于诱导人肠腺上皮细胞人β-防御素-1(hBD-1)mRNA增强表达的实验结果
人的β-防御素-1(hBD-1)对革兰阴性细菌有强的杀菌活性,在组织中一般有低量的固有表达,在受到外源性刺激时可以表达增强,其广泛表达于肾脏、女性生殖道、口腔粘膜、气管、支气管、肠道、唾液腺胰腺、肺粘膜下腺等上皮细胞以及肺泡细胞。上述RT-PCR和Northern杂交技术实验表明:双歧杆菌可以诱导β-防御素-1基因表达稍微增高,而双歧杆菌细胞壁、双歧杆菌细胞壁蛋白诱导β-防御素-1表达量明显增高,见图3、图4。
(2)关于诱导人肠腺上皮细胞人β-防御素-2(hBD-2)mRNA表达的实验结果
人的β-防御素-2(hBD-2)具有诱导表达的特征,主要表达于皮肤、肺、肾、肝、小肠、唾液腺、气管、子宫等组织的表皮,能有效地杀灭革兰阴性细菌、革兰阳性细菌、真菌。上述RT-PCR和Northern杂交技术实验表明:双歧杆菌可以诱导hBD-2基因的表达,但是诱导表达的量相对比较少;双歧杆菌细胞壁可以明显诱导hBD-2的表达,诱导的表达增高明显;双歧杆菌细胞壁蛋白能够明显诱导hBD-2的表达,见图5、图6。
(3)关于双歧杆菌诱导人肠腺上皮细胞人LL-37/CAP18的实验结果
LL-37/CAP18是Cathelicidine家族中唯一存在人体内的抗菌肽,具有广谱抗菌活性和细胞毒性,为一线性肽,在粘膜免疫中具有重要的作用,对天然免疫与获得性免疫均发挥作用,因此在抗生素肽开发领域日益受到重视。LL-37/CAP18表达方式为固有表达和诱导表达,在骨髓和附睾上皮为固有表达,而在人皮肤的角质细胞和肠上皮细胞则表现为诱导表达。上述RT-PCR实验表明:双歧杆菌本身可以诱导LL-37/CAP18的表达,但是诱导表达的量相对比较少;双歧杆菌细胞壁可以明显诱导LL-37/CAP18的表达,诱导的表达增高明显;双歧杆菌细胞壁蛋白成分,能够明显诱导LL-37/CAP18的表达,见图7。
hBD-1、hBD-2、LL-37/CAP18编码基因的序列鉴定:
本发明中的特异引物用人肠腺上皮细胞(HT-29)细胞总的RNA为模板所得到的hBD-1、hBD-2、LL-37/CAP18 RT-PCR产物,经1.5%琼脂糖凝胶电泳检查分别得到1条约230bp、200bp、110bp的条带,与预计扩增片段大小相符,测序结果与Genbank登录的hBD-2、hBD-1、LL-37/CAP18基因cDNA序列相符。
Claims (1)
1、双歧杆菌细胞壁蛋白在制备激活人上皮细胞β-防御素-1和β-防御素-2基因的药品中的应用。
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN 03117357 Expired - Fee Related CN1183960C (zh) | 2003-02-27 | 2003-02-27 | 双歧杆菌细胞壁蛋白在制药中的应用 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012526752A (ja) * | 2009-05-11 | 2012-11-01 | ネステク ソシエテ アノニム | ビフィドバクテリウム・ロンガムncc2705(cncmi−2618)及び免疫障害 |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7862808B2 (en) * | 2004-07-01 | 2011-01-04 | Mead Johnson Nutrition Company | Method for preventing or treating respiratory infections and acute otitis media in infants using Lactobacillus rhamnosus LGG and Bifidobacterium lactis Bb-12 |
| DE102012203547A1 (de) * | 2012-03-07 | 2013-09-12 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft Für Medizinische Forschung Mbh | Antimikrobielle Peptide |
| WO2018158309A1 (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2018-09-07 | Alimentary Health Limited | Bifidobacterium longum able to beneficially modulate immune response to respiratory virus infection |
| JP7055814B2 (ja) | 2017-02-28 | 2022-04-18 | プリシジョンバイオティクス・グループ・リミテッド | 呼吸器ウイルス感染症に対する免疫応答を有利に調節することができるビフィドバクテリウム・ロンガム |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012526752A (ja) * | 2009-05-11 | 2012-11-01 | ネステク ソシエテ アノニム | ビフィドバクテリウム・ロンガムncc2705(cncmi−2618)及び免疫障害 |
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| CN1433811A (zh) | 2003-08-06 |
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