CN118000303A - Liver-protecting Chinese herbal medicine functional feed additive, application thereof and feed - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of aquaculture technology, and specifically provides a liver-protecting Chinese herbal functional feed additive, its application, and feed. The liver-protecting Chinese herbal functional feed additive includes, by weight, 1 to 5 parts of salvia miltiorrhiza extract, 0.5 to 3 parts of bupleurum extract, 0.5 to 2 parts of bile acid, and 5 to 20 parts of betaine. Compared with the prior art, the present invention creatively combines salvia miltiorrhiza extract, bupleurum extract, bile acid and betaine, and through the synergistic effect of each component, regulates the metabolism of cholesterol and triglycerides of California sea bass fry, helps maintain normal blood lipid levels, effectively reduces liver fat accumulation, improves liver microcirculation, and at the same time increases the weight gain rate, promoting the healthy growth of California sea bass fry.

Description

A liver-protecting Chinese herbal functional feed additive and its application, feed

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of breeding technology, and more specifically to a liver-protecting Chinese herbal functional feed additive and application thereof, and feed.

Background technique

California bass, also known as largemouth bass, is a species of fish in the order Perciformes. California bass is large in size, can grow to about 1 meter in length, and has a flat body and both eyes on one side. California bass is a popular edible fish, their meat is delicious, rich in protein and Omega-3 fatty acids, suitable for cooking a variety of dishes, such as grilled fish, fried fish and steamed fish. Due to the pursuit of diners, California bass has now become one of the important freshwater aquaculture economic fish, and has been a relatively popular aquaculture variety in recent years, creating wealth and increasing income for many farmers. However, due to various reasons such as high feeding amount, California bass are prone to liver and gallbladder diseases, which seriously restricts the development of the California bass industry.

Summary of the invention

In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a liver-protecting Chinese herbal functional feed additive and its application and feed. The liver-protecting Chinese herbal functional feed additive of the present invention can reduce liver fat accumulation in California sea bass fry and promote their healthy growth.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A liver-protecting Chinese herbal functional feed additive comprises, by weight, 1 to 5 parts of salvia miltiorrhiza extract, 0.5 to 3 parts of bupleurum extract, 0.5 to 2 parts of bile acid, and 5 to 20 parts of betaine.

Danshen extract refers to the active ingredients extracted from Danshen. Danshen is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine and has a certain effect on liver protection. Thanks to the active ingredients in Danshen extract (salvianolic acid, danshensu, etc.), these ingredients have a protective effect on the liver, can reduce the inflammatory response when the liver is damaged, and promote the repair and regeneration of liver cells.

Bupleurum is a common Chinese herbal medicine with the effects of clearing away heat and detoxifying, soothing the liver and regulating qi, harmonizing the exterior and interior, and relieving the stomach and regulating qi. Bupleurum saponin is the main chemical and biologically active component of Bupleurum extract, which has a certain therapeutic effect on liver fibrosis.

Bile acid is a component of bile and is commonly used as a feed additive in the feed industry. Bile acid can help animals digest fat and absorb nutrients better. In the animal's digestive system, bile acid can help emulsify and break down fat.

Betaine plays an important role in the liver. First, betaine participates in the fat metabolism process, promotes the oxidation and decomposition of fat, and thus reduces the accumulation of fat in the liver. This helps protect the liver from damage caused by abnormal fat metabolism such as fatty liver. Secondly, betaine can improve the liver's detoxification ability. In addition, betaine can promote the synthesis and activity of detoxification enzymes in liver cells, helping the liver to better eliminate toxins and waste.

Preferably, the liver-protecting Chinese herbal functional feed additive of the present invention comprises, by weight: 1 to 3 parts of salvia miltiorrhiza extract, 0.5 to 2.5 parts of bupleurum extract, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of bile acid, and 6 to 14 parts of betaine.

Preferably, the extraction solvent of the Salvia miltiorrhiza extract includes water; the preparation method of the Salvia miltiorrhiza extract includes: crushing Salvia miltiorrhiza, mixing it with water, collecting the filtrate and concentrating it to obtain the Salvia miltiorrhiza extract; the solid-liquid ratio of Salvia miltiorrhiza to water is preferably 1:(10-15) g/ml; the preparation method of the Salvia miltiorrhiza extract preferably includes: crushing Salvia miltiorrhiza, passing it through a 40-mesh sieve, weighing 50g of powder, adding 500ml of deionized water, refluxing and extracting at 80°C for 2 times, each time for 2h, filtering and combining the two filtrates, concentrating under reduced pressure to recover the solvent, obtaining a concentrated solution, placing it in a 40°C oven for ventilation and drying, and obtaining the Salvia miltiorrhiza extract.

Preferably, the extraction solvent of the Bupleurum extract includes an organic solvent; the preparation method of the Bupleurum extract includes: mixing Bupleurum with an organic solvent at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:(10-20) g/ml to obtain the Bupleurum extract; the organic solvent is preferably ethanol; the preparation method of the Bupleurum extract preferably includes: mixing Bupleurum and ethanol at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:(10-20) g/ml, extracting at 60-70°C for 3-5h, concentrating, and drying at 45°C to obtain the Bupleurum extract.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the liver-protecting Chinese herbal functional feed additive comprises, by weight:

3 parts of Danshen extract,

0.5 parts of Bupleurum extract,

Bile acid 1 part,

Betaine 6 parts.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the liver-protecting Chinese herbal functional feed additive comprises, by weight:

2 parts of Danshen extract,

1.5 parts of Bupleurum extract,

Bile acid 0.5 parts,

Betaine 10 parts.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the liver-protecting Chinese herbal functional feed additive comprises, by weight:

1 part of Danshen extract,

1 part of Bupleurum extract,

Bile acid 1 part,

Betaine 8 parts;

In one embodiment of the present invention, the liver-protecting Chinese herbal functional feed additive comprises, by weight:

1 part of Danshen extract,

2.5 parts of Bupleurum extract,

Bile acid 0.5 parts,

Betaine 12 parts.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the liver-protecting Chinese herbal functional feed additive comprises, by weight:

3 parts of Danshen extract,

1.5 parts of Bupleurum extract,

Bile acid 0.5 parts,

Betaine 14 parts.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the liver-protecting Chinese herbal functional feed additive comprises, by weight:

2 parts of Danshen extract,

2 parts of Bupleurum extract,

Bile acid 1.5 parts,

Betaine 9 parts.

The present invention also provides the use of the liver-protecting Chinese herbal functional feed additive in the preparation of liver-protecting products.

In the present invention, the amount of the liver-protecting Chinese herbal functional feed additive added to the liver-protecting product is 1-2wt%, and preferably 1-1.2wt%; the product is used for California bass fry in the growth period; the weight of the California bass fry is ≤50g, and preferably 15g-50g, and more preferably 15-25g; the mass ratio of the liver-protecting product to the California bass fry is (2-3):100, and preferably 1:50.

The present invention also provides the use of the liver-protecting Chinese herbal functional feed additive in the preparation of a product for reducing cholesterol and/or triglycerides.

The present invention also provides a feed, comprising the above-mentioned liver-protecting Chinese herbal functional feed additive, and feed acceptable auxiliary materials; the auxiliary materials include one or more of fish meal, corn oil, egg powder, flour, soybean oil, vitamins and minerals; more preferably, in parts by mass, the auxiliary materials include 35 parts of fish meal, 35 parts of corn oil, 7 parts of egg powder, 10 parts of flour, 3 parts of soybean oil, 3 parts of vitamins and 5 parts of minerals; the vitamins contain: in parts by mass, 0.17 parts of vitamin A, 3.0 parts of vitamin E, 5 parts of vitamin _B1 , 7 parts of vitamin _B2 , 5 parts of vitamin _B6 , 1 part of vitamin C, 0.003 parts of vitamin _B12 , 6 parts of vitamin _K3 , 2 parts of inositol and 10 parts of pantothenic acid; the minerals contain: in parts by mass, 74 parts of magnesium sulfate, 50 parts of sodium chloride, 6 parts of zinc sulfate, 5 parts of ferric gluconate, 1 part of copper sulfate, 0.2 parts of potassium iodide, 0.2 parts of ammonium molybdate, 0.1 parts of cobalt chloride and 0.02 parts of sodium selenite.

Preferably, the mass ratio of the liver-protecting Chinese herbal functional feed additive to the auxiliary material is (0.5-5):100, preferably 1:100.

The present invention creatively combines salvia miltiorrhiza extract, bupleurum extract, bile acid and betaine, and reduces liver fat accumulation in California bass through the synergistic effect of each component. Test examples have verified that the liver-protecting Chinese herbal functional feed additive of the present invention can regulate the metabolism of cholesterol and triglycerides in California bass fry, help maintain normal blood lipid levels, effectively reduce liver fat accumulation, improve liver microcirculation, and at the same time increase the weight gain rate, promoting the healthy growth of California bass fry.

Detailed ways

The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

To further illustrate the present invention, the following examples are described in detail. The raw materials in the embodiments of the present invention and the comparative examples are purchased from commercially available commodities, wherein betaine is purchased from Shanghai Lanrun Chemical Co., Ltd., with a product number of 107-43-7 and a purity of 99%; bile acid is purchased from Shandong Aicai Biotechnology Co., Ltd., with a product number of 34010; salvia miltiorrhiza is purchased from Huamei Medicinal Materials Store, with a brand of Zhizhen Huamei and a product number of HMZY576; and bupleurum is purchased from Huamei Medicinal Materials Store, with a brand of Zhizhen Huamei and a product number of HMZY214.

The preparation method of the salvia miltiorrhiza extract of the present invention comprises: crushing salvia miltiorrhiza, passing through a 40-mesh sieve, weighing 50g of powder, adding 500ml of deionized water, refluxing and extracting at 80°C for 2 times, each time for 2h, filtering and combining the two filtrates, concentrating under reduced pressure to recover the solvent, obtaining a concentrated solution, placing it in a 40°C oven for ventilation and drying, and obtaining the salvia miltiorrhiza extract.

The preparation method of the bupleurum extract of the present invention comprises: mixing 30g of bupleurum with 300ml of ethanol, extracting at 60°C for 5h, concentrating, and drying at 45°C to obtain the bupleurum extract.

The vitamin premix of the invention contains, by weight, 0.17 parts of vitamin A, 3.0 parts of vitamin E, 5 parts of vitamin _B1 , 7 parts of vitamin _B2 , 5 parts of vitamin _B6 , 1 part of vitamin C, 0.003 parts of vitamin _B12 , 6 parts of vitamin _K3 , 2 parts of inositol and 10 parts of pantothenic acid; the mineral premix contains, by weight, 74 parts of magnesium sulfate, 50 parts of sodium chloride, 6 parts of zinc sulfate, 5 parts of ferric gluconate, 1 part of copper sulfate, 0.2 parts of potassium iodide, 0.2 parts of ammonium molybdate, 0.1 parts of cobalt chloride and 0.02 parts of sodium selenite.

Examples 1-6

The components of the liver-protecting Chinese herbal functional feed additives of Examples 1-6 are shown in Table 1:

Table 1 Components and contents of liver-protecting Chinese herbal functional feed additives

Salvia miltiorrhiza extract/g Bupleurum extract/g Bile acid/g Betaine/g Example 1 3 0.5 1 6 Example 2 2 1.5 0.5 10 Example 3 1 1 1 8 Example 4 1 2.5 0.5 12 Example 5 3 1.5 0.5 14 Example 6 2 2 1.5 9

The preparation method of the liver-protecting Chinese herbal functional feed additive of Examples 1-6 comprises:

The components in Table 1 are mixed according to corresponding contents, stirred evenly, and a liver-protecting Chinese herbal functional feed additive is obtained.

Comparative Example 1

The liver-protecting Chinese herbal functional feed additive of this comparative example is different from that of Example 1 in that this comparative example only includes Salvia miltiorrhiza extract, Bupleurum chinense extract and bile acid, and the missing amount of betaine is distributed to the corresponding components according to the ratio of the other three substances in Example 1.

Comparative Example 2

The liver-protecting Chinese herbal functional feed additive in this comparative example is different from that in Example 1 in that this comparative example only includes salvia miltiorrhiza extract, bupleurum extract and betaine, and the missing amount of bile acid is distributed to the corresponding components according to the ratio of the other three substances in Example 1.

Comparative Example 3

The liver-protecting Chinese herbal functional feed additive in this comparative example is different from that in Example 1 in that this comparative example only includes bupleurum extract, bile acid and betaine, and the missing amount of salvia miltiorrhiza extract is distributed to the corresponding components according to the ratio of the other three substances in Example 1.

Comparative Example 4

The liver-protecting Chinese herbal functional feed additive in this comparative example is different from that in Example 1 in that this comparative example only includes salvia miltiorrhiza extract, bile acid and betaine, and the missing amount of bupleurum extract is distributed to the corresponding components according to the ratio of the other three substances in Example 1.

Comparative Example 5

The liver-protecting Chinese herbal functional feed additive of this comparative example is different from that of Example 1 in that this comparative example only includes Danshen extract and Bupleurum extract, and the missing amounts of bile acid and betaine are proportionally distributed to the two substances in this comparative example.

Comparative Example 6

The liver-protecting Chinese herbal functional feed additive of this comparative example is different from that of Example 1 in that this comparative example only includes salvia miltiorrhiza extract and bile acid, and the missing amounts of bupleurum extract and betaine are proportionally distributed to the two substances in this comparative example.

Comparative Example 7

The liver-protecting Chinese herbal functional feed additive of this comparative example is different from that of Example 1 in that this comparative example only includes bile acid and betaine, and the missing amounts of salvia miltiorrhiza extract and bupleurum chinense extract are proportionally distributed to the two substances in this comparative example.

Comparative Examples 8-11

Comparative Examples 8-11 are single substances of salvia miltiorrhiza extract, bupleurum extract, bile acid and betaine, respectively, and their contents are the same as the total amount of the liver-protecting herbal functional feed additive in Example 1. For example, Comparative Example 8 is 10.5 g of salvia miltiorrhiza extract.

Application Examples 1-6

The liver-protecting Chinese herbal functional feed additive of the embodiment and the feed are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:100 to obtain a mixture; each portion of feed consists of the following components by mass: 35 portions of fish meal, 35 portions of corn oil, 7 portions of egg powder, 10 portions of flour, 3 portions of soybean oil, 3 portions of vitamin premix and 5 portions of mineral premix.

Application Comparative Examples 1-11

The liver-protecting Chinese herbal functional feed additive of the comparative example and the feed are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:100 to obtain a mixture; each portion of feed consists of the following components in parts by mass: 35 parts of fish meal, 35 parts of corn oil, 7 parts of egg powder, 10 parts of flour, 3 parts of soybean oil, 3 parts of vitamin premix and 5 parts of mineral premix.

Test example

1. Select California bass with an initial body mass of (20±5) g, randomly divide them into groups, and place 30 per group into a breeding tank with an effective volume of 400 L, with 3 replicates per group.

2. Each group of fish was fed with the mixture obtained from the application example and the comparative example, with a feeding amount of 2wt% of the fish body weight, twice a day, morning and evening. During the culture period, natural light was used, static water culture was used, the water temperature was 26-28°C, oxygen was added regularly to ensure that the dissolved oxygen in the water was >6mg/L, and 50% of the water was changed every day.

3. The experiment lasted for 50 days. After the breeding, 3 fish were randomly selected from each breeding tank, and the weight changes were recorded. The internal organs were removed by dissection, the liver was separated, the liver-to-body ratio was calculated, and the liver biochemical indicators were tested. The experimental results are shown in Table 2. SPSS22.0 software was used to perform one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) on the experimental data. If the difference was significant, Duncan's method was used for multiple comparisons.

Liver biochemical indices: After the liver is removed, 0.1 g of liver sample is weighed within 24 hours, and 9 volumes (m/V) of phosphate buffered saline are added, and the sample is oscillated and ground to prepare a tissue homogenate. Cholesterol and triglycerides are measured according to the method in the commercially available ELISA kit.

Weight gain rate (%) = 100 × (W _t - _{W 0} ) / W ₀ ; W ₀ is the average initial weight of the fish (g), W _t is the average final weight after 50 days of feeding (g)

Table 2

Note: Different letters after the data in the same column indicate significant differences at the 0.05 level.

As shown in Table 2, compared with the comparative example, the liver-protecting Chinese herbal functional feed additive provided by the embodiment of the present invention can significantly reduce the cholesterol and triglycerides of California bass fry, help maintain normal blood lipid levels, effectively reduce liver fat accumulation, improve liver microcirculation, and at the same time increase the weight gain rate, thereby promoting the healthy growth of California bass fry.

The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. The liver-protecting Chinese herbal medicine functional feed additive is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass: 1 to 5 parts of red sage root extract, 0.5 to 3 parts of bupleurum root extract, 0.5 to 2 parts of bile acid and 5 to 20 parts of betaine.

2. The liver-protecting Chinese herbal medicine functional feed additive according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass: 1 to 3 parts of red sage root extract, 0.5 to 2.5 parts of bupleurum root extract, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of bile acid and 6 to 14 parts of betaine.

3. The liver-protecting herbal functional feed additive of claim 1, wherein the extraction solvent of the extract of red sage root comprises water.

4. The liver-protecting Chinese herbal medicine functional feed additive according to claim 3, wherein the preparation method of the salvia miltiorrhiza extract comprises the following steps: pulverizing Saviae Miltiorrhizae radix, mixing with water, collecting filtrate, and concentrating to obtain Saviae Miltiorrhizae radix extract.

5. The liver-protecting herbal functional feed additive of claim 1, wherein the extraction solvent of bupleurum extract comprises an organic solvent;

the preparation method of the bupleurum extract comprises the following steps: mixing bupleurum root with organic solvent in the material-liquid ratio of 1 (10-20) g/ml to obtain bupleurum root extract.

6. The liver-protecting Chinese herbal medicine functional feed additive according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass:

3 parts of red sage root extract,

0.5 Part of bupleurum root extract,

1 Part of bile acid, and the total amount of the bile acid,

6 Parts of betaine;

Or the liver-protecting Chinese herbal medicine functional feed additive comprises the following components:

2 parts of red sage root extract,

1.5 Parts of bupleurum root extract,

0.5 Part of bile acid,

10 Parts of betaine;

Or the liver-protecting Chinese herbal medicine functional feed additive comprises the following components:

1 part of the red sage root extract,

1 Part of bupleurum root extract,

1 Part of bile acid, and the total amount of the bile acid,

8 Parts of betaine;

Or the liver-protecting Chinese herbal medicine functional feed additive comprises the following components:

1 part of the red sage root extract,

2.5 Parts of bupleurum root extract,

0.5 Part of bile acid,

12 Parts of betaine;

Or the liver-protecting Chinese herbal medicine functional feed additive comprises the following components:

3 parts of red sage root extract,

1.5 Parts of bupleurum root extract,

0.5 Part of bile acid,

14 Parts of betaine;

Or the liver-protecting Chinese herbal medicine functional feed additive comprises the following components:

2 parts of red sage root extract,

2 Parts of bupleurum root extract,

1.5 Parts of bile acid,

9 Parts of betaine.

7. Use of a liver-protecting herbal functional feed additive according to any one of claims 1 to 6 for the preparation of a liver-protecting product.

8. The use according to claim 7, wherein the liver-protecting herbal functional feed additive is added to the liver-protecting product in an amount of 1 to 2wt%;

the liver protection product is used for young Japanese weever in the growing period;

The weight of the young Japanese weever is less than or equal to 50g;

the mass ratio of the liver protection product to the young Japanese weever is (2-3): 100.

9. Use of a liver-protecting herbal functional feed additive according to any one of claims 1 to 6 for the preparation of a cholesterol and/or triglyceride lowering product.

10. A feed, characterized by comprising the liver-protecting Chinese herbal medicine functional feed additive according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and an auxiliary material acceptable on the feed;

the auxiliary materials comprise one or more of fish meal, corn oil, egg powder, flour, soybean oil, vitamins and minerals.