CN117984813A - A diesel-hydrogen hybrid power device for a vehicle and its arrangement method - Google Patents
A diesel-hydrogen hybrid power device for a vehicle and its arrangement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117984813A CN117984813A CN202410399415.4A CN202410399415A CN117984813A CN 117984813 A CN117984813 A CN 117984813A CN 202410399415 A CN202410399415 A CN 202410399415A CN 117984813 A CN117984813 A CN 117984813A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/75—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using propulsion power supplied by both fuel cells and batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
- B60L50/15—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with additional electric power supply
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- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种车辆柴氢复合动力装置及其布置方法，属于车辆动力装置的布置领域，本发明能够有效降低油耗以及二氧化碳排放量，助力完成国家“双碳”目标下对重载商用车的目标要求；燃料电池相对柴油机效率更高，加入燃电系统能够提升整车动力系统综合效率；能够降低动力源规格，尤其是燃料电池大小，相对全功率燃料电池有效降低采购成本；能够实现长途运输，相对纯电动车型无需担心续驶里程问题；利用可分离电驱桥，能够降低带档滑行时的传动系损失，同时能够提升单电驱桥的负荷率，进一步提升效率。
The present invention discloses a vehicle diesel-hydrogen hybrid power unit and a layout method thereof, and belongs to the field of layout of vehicle power units. The present invention can effectively reduce fuel consumption and carbon dioxide emissions, and help meet the target requirements for heavy-duty commercial vehicles under the national "dual carbon"goal; fuel cells are more efficient than diesel engines, and the addition of a fuel-electric system can improve the overall efficiency of the vehicle power system; the power source specifications, especially the size of the fuel cell, can be reduced, and the procurement cost can be effectively reduced relative to full-power fuel cells; long-distance transportation can be achieved, and there is no need to worry about the driving range issue relative to pure electric models; the use of a detachable electric drive axle can reduce the transmission system loss during coasting with gear, and at the same time can increase the load rate of the single electric drive axle, further improving efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of arrangement of vehicle power devices, and particularly relates to a vehicle diesel-hydrogen composite power device and an arrangement method thereof.
Background
With the increasing global warming, countries around the world have further control over the carbon emissions of industrial, commercial and transportation activities. With the rising environmental awareness, various industries with fuel requirements are preferentially considered. Among them, the transportation industry can be one of the industries that are most directly related to fuel oil in various activities at present. For the international carbon peak goal, the heavy commercial vehicle should achieve a carbon reduction goal of more than 30% in 2030.
Currently, the main current carbon reduction means are hybrid power, fuel cells and pure electric. The hybrid power carbon reduction potential is limited, the current cost of the fuel cell is too high, and the pure electric drive is not friendly to the cost and the effective load capacity of a long-distance vehicle, so that a high-efficiency, green and low-cost diesel-hydrogen composite electric drive bridge power system is provided. The diesel-hydrogen hybrid power system has three energy sources, is complex to control, and has the key technology of optimally distributing the power demand of the vehicle, so that various energy sources can be operated in a better working interval, and the operating cost is reduced. A rule-based control strategy is proposed for this problem to meet the usage requirements. The proposed diesel-hydrogen composite electric drive bridge system is suitable for heavy-load long-distance high-power transportation tools or machines: such as mine trucks, heavy trucks, boats, high power machinery, etc.
The application number 202210215854.6 is a green pollution-free clean energy composite power system for a ship, which is a green environment-friendly power system, replaces a power system taking fossil energy such as a traditional gasoline engine and a diesel engine as a main source by taking a hydrogen fuel cell as a main source and taking renewable energy (mainly wind energy and solar energy) as an auxiliary source and electric drive to provide power for a ship, and greatly reduces the carbon emission of the power system for the ship.
The application number 202210833178.9 is a hydrogen energy composite power system and a control method thereof, which combines the advantages of low cost, high power of the hydrogen internal combustion engine, high efficiency utilization rate and zero emission of the hydrogen fuel cell by controlling the hydrogen internal combustion engine and the hydrogen fuel cell, thereby realizing a system with low cost, high fuel utilization rate and quick response; however, the current technology of hydrogen engines is not mature, the phenomenon of hydrogen embrittlement is difficult to overcome, the hydrogen engine is not suitable for long-distance transportation vehicles, and meanwhile, the hydrogen internal combustion engine is high in cost and is not suitable for commercial vehicles.
The invention provides a compound power system of an ammonia-hydrogen fusion fuel internal combustion engine and a fuel cell, which is provided by the application number 202111324845.2; hydrogen is generated through the ammonia pyrolysis separator by liquid ammonia; the parallel mixing of multiple power systems is realized to provide driving force for the vehicle, the fuel utilization rate is improved while the dynamic performance of the vehicle is met, in addition, the vehicle only carries liquid ammonia fuel, and the zero emission of carbon dioxide is realized; the technology of the ammonia engine is not mature, the ammonia pyrolysis needs extra heat, and meanwhile, the liquid ammonia has certain toxicity and is not safe enough.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides the diesel-hydrogen composite power device for the vehicle and the arrangement method thereof, has reasonable design, overcomes the defects in the prior art and has good effect.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a diesel-hydrogen composite power device of a vehicle comprises a hydrogen fuel cell, a DC/DC, a power cell, a double-electric drive bridge, a power distribution module and a diesel generator set; a hydrogen fuel cell configured to directly convert chemical energy of hydrogen and oxygen into electrical energy; DC/DC configured to convert a fixed direct voltage to a variable direct voltage; a power cell configured to supplement drive power, recover braking energy, and recover additional emitted power resulting from the soft characteristics of the hydrogen fuel cell; a dual electric drive bridge configured to implement an energy compound drive; a power distribution module configured for performing power superposition; a diesel generator set configured to provide driving power.
Preferably, the diesel generator set comprises a diesel engine and a generator, wherein the diesel engine and the generator are connected through a circuit, and the generator is driven by the diesel engine to generate electricity.
Preferably, the double electric drive axle comprises a drive motor, a gearbox, a power separation device and a differential mechanism; the driving motor, the gearbox, the power separation device and the differential are sequentially connected through lines, and the power separation device can also be arranged between the driving motor and the gearbox or between the differential and wheels.
Preferably, the power split device employs an overrunning clutch or one-way clutch.
Preferably, the double electrically driven bridge is two separable electrically driven bridges.
In addition, the invention also provides a method for arranging the vehicle diesel-hydrogen composite power device, which adopts the vehicle diesel-hydrogen composite power device and specifically comprises the following steps: step 1: connecting a hydrogen fuel cell, a DC/DC, a power cell, a power distribution module and a diesel generating set through a circuit; step 2: connecting the DC/DC with the power distribution module through a line; step 3: the power distribution module is connected with the double-electric drive bridge through a circuit.
Preferably, the working modes of the vehicle are divided into a parking mode, a braking mode and a driving mode according to different vehicle speeds and different required powers, and the working modes and the output powers of the engine, the fuel cell and the power cell are determined in different modes; when the vehicle speed is 0 and the required power is 0, the vehicle is in a parking mode, and the capacity sources are all parked at the moment; when the vehicle speed is greater than 0 and the required power is less than 0, the vehicle is in a braking mode, braking energy is recovered by the double electric drive bridge in the braking mode, and the rest braking required power is given by mechanical braking; when the required power is greater than 0, the double electric drive bridge provides driving moment, the required energy of the motor is provided by the fuel cell, the generator set and the power battery, the generator set works at different engine working points according to different required power, the power battery works in different working modes according to different fuel cells of the SOC, and the power battery supplements power or recovers redundant power.
Preferably, the switching step of the dual electrically driven bridge is as follows: step S1: judging whether the whole vehicle slides with a gear or not; if the judgment result is that the whole vehicle slides with gears, double-bridge separation is carried out; or if the whole vehicle does not slide with the gear as a result of judgment, executing the step S2; step S2: judging whether the whole vehicle is in a braking mode or not; if the judging result is that the whole vehicle is in a braking mode, double-bridge braking energy recovery is carried out; or if the judging result is that the whole vehicle does not carry out the braking mode, executing the step S3; step S3: judging whether the required power of the whole vehicle is larger than the single-bridge power or not; if the judging result is that the power required by the whole vehicle is larger than the power of the single bridge, driving the double bridges simultaneously; or if the whole vehicle required power is less than or equal to the single-bridge power as a result of the judgment, executing the step S4; step S4: and performing single-bridge driving.
The invention has the beneficial technical effects that: the diesel-hydrogen composite separable electric drive bridge structure provided by the invention adopts a diesel generator set, a fuel cell and a power cell as energy sources to combine, adopts two separable electric drive bridges as driving equipment, and has the following advantages: the fuel consumption and the carbon dioxide emission can be effectively reduced, and the target requirement of the national 'double carbon' target on the heavy-load commercial vehicle is met by assistance; the fuel cell has higher efficiency than a diesel engine, and the integrated efficiency of the whole vehicle power system can be improved by adding the fuel system; the power source specification, particularly the size of the fuel cell, can be reduced, and the purchasing cost is effectively reduced compared with a full-power fuel cell; the long-distance transportation can be realized, and the problem of driving mileage is not required to be worried about in comparison with the pure electric vehicle type; by utilizing the separable electric drive bridge, the transmission line loss during the sliding with the gear can be reduced, and meanwhile, the load rate of the single electric drive bridge can be improved, and the efficiency is further improved.
The corresponding control strategy provided by the invention reasonably distributes power according to the running condition of the vehicle, so that the hydrogen can effectively replace diesel to run, and the effective carbon reduction of the vehicle is realized; the engine adopts multipoint control and is in a quasi-steady state, so that the extra oil injection quantity caused by abrupt change of the torque of the engine and the emission of harmful gas brought by a low-efficiency area are further reduced; the fuel cell is provided with a common power area and a standby power area, so that the power and the efficiency of the fuel cell can be ensured at the same time, and the service life of the fuel cell can be ensured by the set working mode.
The method is not limited to be used for single long-distance heavy-load transport vehicles, but also can be suitable for various engineering vehicles and engineering machinery, such as mine cars, garbage trucks, large cranes and the like, and has wide application range.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operating region of a fuel cell; FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a power battery SOC threshold; FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a vehicle energy management strategy; FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle energy management strategy; FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a dual bridge separation strategy; wherein, 1-hydrogen fuel cell; 2-DC/DC; 3-a power cell; 4-double electric drive bridge; 41-driving a motor; 42-a gearbox; 43-power separation device; 44-a differential; a 5-power distribution module; 6-a diesel generator set; 61-diesel engine; 62-generator.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawings and detailed description: as shown in fig. 1, a vehicle diesel-hydrogen composite power device comprises a hydrogen fuel cell 1, a DC/DC2, a power cell 3, a double-electric drive bridge 4, a power distribution module 5 and a diesel generator set 6; a hydrogen fuel cell 1 for directly converting chemical energy of hydrogen and oxygen into electric energy; DC/DC2 for converting a fixed direct voltage into a variable direct voltage; a power cell 3 for supplementing driving power, recovering braking energy, and recovering additional generated power caused by the soft characteristics of the hydrogen fuel cell 1; the double electric drive bridge 4 is used for realizing energy source compound drive; a power distribution module 5 for performing power superposition; and a diesel generator set 6 for providing driving power.
The diesel generator set 6 comprises a diesel engine 61 and a generator 62, wherein the diesel engine 61 and the generator 62 are connected through a circuit, and the generator 62 is driven by the diesel engine 61 to generate electricity.
The double electric drive axle 4 comprises a drive motor 41, a gearbox 42, a power separation device 43 and a differential 44; the drive motor 41, the transmission 42, the power split device 43, and the differential 44 are connected in this order by a wire, and the power split device 43 can also be installed between the drive motor 41 and the transmission 42, or between the differential 44 and the wheels.
The power separation device 43 is added on the basis of the traditional electric drive axle to realize the separation connection of the electric drive axle and wheels, thereby reducing friction and oil stirring loss caused by idle running of the gearbox 42 and improving the single-motor load rate to improve the efficiency.
The power split device 43 may use an overrunning clutch, a one-way clutch, or the like.
The invention provides a control method of a diesel-hydrogen composite separable double-electric drive bridge, which comprises a diesel generator set control method, a hydrogen fuel cell control method, a power cell control method and a whole vehicle energy management method.
The control method of the diesel generating set comprises the following steps: according to MAP of diesel engine 61 and generator 62, drawing efficiency MAP of diesel generator set and setting engine working point according to optimum efficiency curve~The generator set is enabled to work in a high-efficiency area, and the abrupt change of the torque of the engine is reduced, so that the fuel consumption is reduced.
The engine operating point~Defined by calibration, is not limited to five operating points.
The fuel cell operating region is shown in fig. 2.
The hydrogen fuel cell control method is as follows: four power thresholds are defined as Pidle, plow, phigh and Pmax according to the power and the efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell, and the fuel cell working mode is divided into Pidle fixed-point working mode, plow fixed-point working mode, power following mode, phigh fixed-point working mode and Pmax fixed-point working mode according to different fuel cell required powers.
The hydrogen fuel cell common power area and the backup power area are calibrated according to the power and efficiency characteristics of the fuel cell.
The control method of the power battery comprises the following steps: threshold value division according to SOC of power batteryAnd (3) withThe SOC threshold is generated by calibration, is not limited in number, and consists of an upper limit value and a lower limit value, and is used for preventing mode mutation. The power battery SOC threshold is shown in fig. 3.
The whole vehicle energy management strategy is shown in fig. 4: and determining the working mode of the whole vehicle according to the power required by the whole vehicle. The whole vehicle required power is calculated by accelerator pedal opening-required power characteristics, the whole vehicle working mode is divided into a parking mode, a braking mode and a driving mode according to different vehicle speeds and required power, and the working modes and the output power of an engine, a fuel cell and a power battery are determined under different modes.
When the vehicle speed is 0 and the required power is 0, the vehicle is in a parking mode, and the capacity sources are all parked at the moment; when the vehicle speed is greater than 0 and the required power is less than 0, the vehicle is in a braking mode, braking energy is recovered by the double electric drive bridge in the braking mode, and the rest braking required power is given by mechanical braking; when the required power is greater than 0, the double electric drive bridge provides driving moment, the required energy of the motor is provided by the fuel cell, the generator set and the power battery, the generator set works at different engine working points according to different required power, the power battery works in different working modes according to different fuel cells of the SOC, and the power battery supplements power or recovers redundant power.
The whole vehicle energy management method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of dividing a whole vehicle energy management strategy through the required power and the vehicle speed, and dividing a whole vehicle working mode, so that the working modes of a generator set, a hydrogen fuel cell and a power battery are defined, and further, the power distribution among three energy sources is determined.
Genset operating modes include, but are not limited to, a multi-point control mode; the hydrogen fuel cell operating modes include, but are not limited to, a high efficiency zone and high power zone division and Pidle setpoint operating modes, a Plow setpoint operating mode, a power following mode, a Phigh setpoint operating mode, a Pmax setpoint operating mode.
The control method of the high-efficiency area of the fuel cell is to divide the high-efficiency area and the high-power area according to the power and the efficiency of the fuel cell and generate the high-efficiency area and the high-power area by calibration.
The double electric drive bridge is a separable electric drive bridge, and has the following functions: the power interruption device in the double electric drive bridge is utilized, the electric drive bridge which needs to work at present can be flexibly switched, a single electric drive bridge is used for driving a vehicle when the load is low, especially at high speed, the single motor load rate can be improved, and the mechanical loss in a gearbox can be reduced. When the required braking deceleration is smaller or the vehicle slides with a gear, the connection between the motor and the wheels can be cut off through the power interruption device, so that the neutral sliding of the vehicle is realized, and the driving range of the vehicle can be effectively increased. The switching strategy of the dual electrically driven bridge is shown in fig. 6.
According to the method, the diesel generator set, the fuel cell and the power battery are used as energy sources, the double separable electric drive bridge is used as a power source, and the required power is reasonably distributed into three energy sources according to the running state of the vehicle, so that the reasonable running of the vehicle is realized; the electric drive bridge can carry out power separation through the power separation device, and when the load is low, the single electric drive bridge is used for driving and the other electric drive bridge is disconnected, so that the load rate of the motor is improved, and the friction loss caused by sliding with gears is reduced.
According to the invention, the diesel generator set is defined into a plurality of fixed working points according to the optimal working curve of the engine, and is controlled to work at different working points according to different required power, so that the engine is ensured to work in a steady state under the whole working condition, and the extra loss caused by dynamic change of the engine is reduced; the control method of the high-efficiency area of the hydrogen fuel cell divides the high-efficiency area and the high-power area according to the power and the efficiency of the fuel cell, divides the working state of the fuel cell into Pidle fixed-point working modes, a Plow fixed-point working mode, a power following mode, a Phigh fixed-point working mode and a Pmax fixed-point working mode, and determines the working state of the fuel cell according to different SOCs, so that the fuel cell is in higher efficiency under the whole working condition, the average efficiency of the fuel cell under the whole working condition is improved, and the fuel consumption is reduced.
It should be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed, but to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed, and that the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but is intended to cover modifications, adaptations, additions and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a vehicle firewood hydrogen composite power device which characterized in that: the system comprises a hydrogen fuel cell, a DC/DC, a power cell, a double-electric drive bridge, a power distribution module and a diesel generator set;
A hydrogen fuel cell configured to directly convert chemical energy of hydrogen and oxygen into electrical energy;
DC/DC configured to convert a fixed direct voltage to a variable direct voltage;
a power cell configured to supplement drive power, recover braking energy, and recover additional emitted power resulting from the soft characteristics of the hydrogen fuel cell;
a dual electric drive bridge configured to implement an energy compound drive;
A power distribution module configured for performing power superposition;
a diesel generator set configured to provide driving power.
2. The vehicular diesel-hydrogen composite power device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the diesel generator set comprises a diesel engine and a generator, wherein the diesel engine and the generator are connected through a circuit, and the generator is driven to generate electricity through the diesel engine.
3. The vehicular diesel-hydrogen composite power device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the double-electric drive bridge comprises a drive motor, a gearbox, a power separation device and a differential mechanism; the driving motor, the gearbox, the power separation device and the differential are sequentially connected through lines, and the power separation device can also be arranged between the driving motor and the gearbox or between the differential and wheels.
4. The vehicular diesel-hydrogen composite power device according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the power separation device adopts an overrunning clutch or one-way clutch.
5. The vehicular diesel-hydrogen composite power device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the double electric drive bridge is two separable electric drive bridges.
6. A method for arranging a diesel-hydrogen composite power device of a vehicle is characterized in that: a vehicle diesel-hydrogen composite power device according to claim 1, comprising the following steps:
step 1: connecting a hydrogen fuel cell, a DC/DC, a power cell, a power distribution module and a diesel generating set through a circuit;
step 2: connecting the DC/DC with the power distribution module through a line;
Step 3: the power distribution module is connected with the double-electric drive bridge through a circuit.
7. The arrangement method of the vehicular diesel-hydrogen composite power unit according to claim 6, characterized in that: according to different speeds and required power, the working modes of the vehicle are divided into a parking mode, a braking mode and a driving mode, and the working modes and the output power of an engine, a fuel cell and a power battery are determined under different modes;
When the vehicle speed is 0 and the required power is 0, the vehicle is in a parking mode, and the capacity sources are all parked at the moment;
When the vehicle speed is greater than 0 and the required power is less than 0, the vehicle is in a braking mode, braking energy is recovered by the double electric drive bridge in the braking mode, and the rest braking required power is given by mechanical braking;
When the required power is greater than 0, the double electric drive bridge provides driving moment, the required energy of the motor is provided by the fuel cell, the generator set and the power battery, the generator set works at different engine working points according to different required power, the power battery works in different working modes according to different fuel cells of the SOC, and the power battery supplements power or recovers redundant power.
8. The arrangement method of the vehicular diesel-hydrogen composite power unit according to claim 6, characterized in that: the switching steps of the double-electric drive bridge are as follows:
step S1: judging whether the whole vehicle slides with a gear or not;
If the judgment result is that the whole vehicle slides with gears, double-bridge separation is carried out;
or if the whole vehicle does not slide with the gear as a result of judgment, executing the step S2;
step S2: judging whether the whole vehicle is in a braking mode or not;
if the judging result is that the whole vehicle is in a braking mode, double-bridge braking energy recovery is carried out;
or if the judging result is that the whole vehicle does not carry out the braking mode, executing the step S3;
step S3: judging whether the required power of the whole vehicle is larger than the single-bridge power or not;
if the judging result is that the power required by the whole vehicle is larger than the power of the single bridge, driving the double bridges simultaneously;
Or if the whole vehicle required power is less than or equal to the single-bridge power as a result of the judgment, executing the step S4;
step S4: and performing single-bridge driving.
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| CN118163925A (en) * | 2024-05-15 | 2024-06-11 | 山东科技大学 | Zero-carbon multi-mode ship power control system and method |
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