CN117927407A - Water pumping energy storage system and method based on deep well and ball cavity - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention proposes a pumping energy storage system and method based on deep wells and spherical cavities, which belongs to the field of mechanical energy storage technology, including deep wells, spherical cavities, ground reservoirs, water pump turbines and their protective devices, water pipelines, channels, gas pipelines, gates, control centers, cables and measurement and control cables, etc.; through the application of underground spherical cavities, underground plants are omitted, which not only greatly reduces construction costs, but also can be modularized, distributed and friendly promoted; and combined with natural water sources, urban landscape water, etc., to achieve comprehensive utilization. The present invention is flexible in site selection and is suitable for large-scale promotion in areas where new energy is concentrated in my country.

Description

A pumped water energy storage system and method based on deep well and spherical cavity

Technical Field

The present invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical energy storage, and in particular relates to a pumping energy storage system and method based on a deep well and a spherical cavity.

Background technique

Physical energy storage technologies such as pumped storage and compressed air storage have the advantages of safety, reliability, scalability, environmental friendliness, pollution-free and good economy. Pumped storage technology is mature and widely used, and is the benchmark for large-scale energy storage technology. However, pumped storage is heavily dependent on natural resources and geographical conditions such as topography, topography, and water sources. It requires not only sufficient water resources but also a large terrain drop to build upstream and downstream reservoirs. In addition, the geographical resources available for pumped storage in my country are extremely limited, making site selection difficult.

In the existing patent schemes, various forms of pumped energy storage systems have been proposed using abandoned mines. However, the location of abandoned mines is limited, and only places with abandoned mines can be selected. In addition, abandoned mines such as coal mines are strictly controlled by the state due to safety issues. Due to water leakage and soaking, underground construction of abandoned mines is difficult and expensive.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, that is, to solve the problems of insufficient available resources and difficult site selection in the existing pumped energy storage system, the present invention proposes a pumped energy storage system and method based on deep wells and spherical cavities. Through the application of underground spherical cavities, underground plants are eliminated, which not only greatly reduces the construction cost, but also can be modularized and distributed for friendly promotion; and combined with natural water sources, urban landscape water, etc., to achieve comprehensive utilization. The present invention is environmentally friendly, the system is inherently safe and pollution-free, and can also be implemented in places where deep wells can be drilled, such as urban roadsides and park corners. The site selection is flexible, suitable for large-scale promotion in areas where new energy is concentrated in my country, and also suitable for distributed applications in densely populated and land-constrained urban areas.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

A pumping energy storage system based on a deep well and a spherical cavity comprises a deep well, a spherical cavity, an above-ground reservoir, a water pump turbine, a water pipeline, a channel, a gas pipeline, a gate, a control center, cables and measurement and control cables, etc.; the spherical cavity is arranged at the bottom of the deep well, the water pipeline is inserted into the bottom of the spherical cavity and communicated with the water pump turbine, and a gate is installed at the inlet end of the water pump turbine; the water pump turbine is communicated with the bottom of the spherical cavity through the water pipeline, and is communicated with the bottom of the above-ground reservoir through the deep well and the channel, and a gate is provided at the upper end of the water pipeline; the gas pipeline is arranged at the top of the spherical cavity and communicated with the atmosphere on the ground; the control center is arranged on the ground, and is connected to the water pump turbine through cables and measurement and control cables, and is used to control the opening and closing of the gate, the start and stop of the pumping energy storage system, and the start and stop of the water pump turbine.

Preferably, the deep well is a vertical well or an inclined well.

Preferably, the deep well is an artificially dug or abandoned mine.

Preferably, the diameter and depth of the deep well are selected according to the energy storage capacity and power, and match the capacity of the above-ground reservoir; the volume of the spherical cavity is selected according to the energy storage capacity and power, and matches the capacity of the above-ground reservoir.

Preferably, the spherical cavity is an underground water storage container made of reinforced concrete or steel.

Preferably, the spherical cavity can be an ellipsoidal cavity; the above-ground reservoir is a natural water source, an artificial reservoir, a barrier lake or an urban landscape pool.

Preferably, the power of the water pump turbine matches the energy storage capacity and power of the system, and a protective device is provided outside the water pump turbine, which has the dual functions of protecting and cooling the water pump turbine.

Preferably, the water pump turbine is arranged on the top of the spherical cavity.

Preferably, the deep well and the outside of the spherical cavity are filled with water and are connected to the upper reservoir through a channel.

Preferably, the deep well and the spherical cavity can be located below the upper reservoir, and the spherical cavity is directly connected to the upper reservoir via the deep well. The present invention provides a pumping energy storage method based on a deep well and a spherical cavity, and the working principle and process include:

In the initial state, there is no water in the ball cavity, the gate is closed, and the ball cavity is connected to the ground atmosphere through the gas pipeline to ensure that the air pressure in the ball cavity is connected to the atmospheric pressure;

When the power consumption is at a peak, or the power grid or users need electricity, the control center first opens the gate and then starts the pump turbine. The water from the ground reservoir flows into the spherical cavity and drives the pump turbine to generate electricity. The electricity is transmitted to the power grid or users via cables and the control center. When the water level in the spherical cavity rises to the first set water level, the gate is closed, the pump turbine is shut down, and the pumped energy storage system completes power generation.

When electricity consumption is low or the grid or users need to store electricity, the control center opens the gates, starts the pump turbine, and uses electricity to pump the water in the spherical cavity into the above-ground reservoir, storing energy in the form of the gravitational potential energy of the water; when the water level inside the spherical cavity drops to the second set water level, the gates are closed, the pump turbine is shut down, and the pumping energy storage system is charged.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

The present invention has the characteristics of small footprint and distributed construction. Through the application of underground spherical cavity, underground factory buildings are omitted, which not only greatly reduces the construction cost, but also can be modularized and distributed for friendly promotion. It is combined with natural water sources, urban landscape water, etc. to achieve comprehensive utilization, further reduce the construction cost, and is environmentally friendly, with inherent safety of the system, no pollution, and flexible site selection. The present invention can also be implemented in places where deep wells can be drilled, such as urban roadsides and park corners. The site selection is flexible and suitable for large-scale promotion in areas where new energy is concentrated in my country, and is also suitable for distributed application in densely populated and land-constrained urban areas.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pumped energy storage system based on a deep well and a spherical cavity according to the present invention;

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an elliptical cavity pumped energy storage system;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inclined shaft.

Explanation of the reference numerals: 1-deep well, 2-spherical cavity, 3-ground reservoir, 4-protection device, 5-pump turbine, 6-control center, 7-water pipeline, 8-gas pipeline, 9-cable, 10-measurement and control cable, 11-ellipsoidal cavity, 12-inclined well, 13-channel, 14-gate.

Detailed ways

The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the present invention is further explained in combination with the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIG1 , a pumped energy storage system based on a deep well and a spherical cavity of the present invention comprises a deep well 1, an underground spherical cavity 2, an above-ground reservoir 3, a water pump turbine 5 and its protective device 4, a water pipeline 7, a gas pipeline 8, a gate 14, a control center 6, a cable 9 and a measurement and control cable 10, etc. The deep well 1 can be a vertical well or an inclined well 12; it can be an artificial deep well dug by hand or an abandoned mine; the caliber and depth of the deep well 1 are optimized according to the energy storage and power, and are matched with the capacity of the above-ground reservoir 3. The deep well and the outside of the spherical cavity 2 are filled with water and are connected to the above-ground reservoir 3 through a channel 13.

The spherical cavity 2 is an underground water storage container and an underground water reservoir of the energy storage system; the spherical cavity 2 can be made of reinforced concrete or steel; the spherical cavity 2 is placed at the bottom of the deep well 1, and the volume of the spherical cavity 2 is optimized according to the energy storage and power, and matches the capacity of the ground reservoir 3. The water pipeline 7 is inserted into the bottom of the spherical cavity 2 and is connected to the water pump turbine 5. The gas pipeline 8 is set at the top of the spherical cavity 2 and is connected to the atmosphere on the ground.

The above-ground reservoir 3 can be a natural water source such as a river or lake, or an artificial reservoir, a barrier lake, an urban landscape pool, etc.

The water pump turbine 5 is the core device of electromechanical conversion, which is placed on the top of the spherical cavity 2. Its power matches the system energy storage and power. It is connected to the bottom of the spherical cavity 2 and the bottom of the ground reservoir 3 through the deep well 1, the channel 13 and the water pipeline 7. A gate 14 is provided at the upper end of the water pipeline 7. A protective device 4 is provided outside the water pump turbine 5, which has the dual functions of protecting the water pump turbine 5 and dissipating heat.

The control center 6 is placed on the ground, connected to the pump turbine 5 via cables 9 and measurement and control cables 10, and is used to control the start and stop of the energy storage system, the start and stop of the pump turbine 5, etc. It is the control center of the energy storage system.

The working principle and working process of the present invention are described as follows:

As shown in FIG. 1 , in the initial state, there is no water in the ball cavity 2, the gate 14 is closed, and the ball cavity 2 is connected to the ground atmosphere through the gas pipeline 8 to ensure that the air pressure in the ball cavity 2 is connected to the atmosphere.

When the power consumption is at a peak, or the power grid or users need electric energy, the control center 6 first opens the gate 14, and then starts the pump turbine 5. The water in the ground reservoir 3 flows into the spherical cavity 2 through the channel 13, the deep well 1 and the gate 14, and drives the pump turbine 5 to generate electricity. The electric energy is transmitted to the power grid or users through the cable 9 and the control center 6. When the water level in the spherical cavity 2 rises to the first set water level, the gate 14 is closed, the pump turbine 5 is shut down, and the energy storage system completes power generation.

When electricity consumption is low or the grid or users need to store electricity, the control center 6 opens the gate 14 and starts the pump turbine 5, and uses electricity to pump the water in the spherical cavity 2 into the ground reservoir 3, storing energy in the form of the gravitational potential energy of the water; when the water level inside the spherical cavity 2 drops to the second set water level, the gate 14 is closed, the pump turbine 5 is shut down, and the energy storage system completes charging.

As shown in FIG. 2 , in some preferred embodiments, in order to increase the volume of the spherical cavity 2 or according to geological conditions, an ellipsoidal cavity 11 may be used.

As shown in FIG. 2 , in some preferred embodiments, the deep well 1 and the ellipsoidal cavity 11 may be arranged below the above-ground reservoir 3 , and the ellipsoidal cavity 11 is directly connected to the above-ground reservoir 3 via the deep well 1 .

As shown in FIG. 3 , in some preferred embodiments, the deep well 1 may also be a inclined well 12 .

So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A pumped energy storage system based on a deep well and a spherical cavity, characterized in that it includes a deep well, a spherical cavity, a base, an above-ground reservoir, a pump-turbine, a water pipeline, a channel, a gas pipeline, a control center, cables and measurement and control cables; the spherical cavity is placed at the bottom of the deep well through the base, and the water pipeline is inserted into the bottom of the spherical cavity to communicate with the above-ground reservoir through the deep well; the pump-turbine is connected to the bottom of the spherical cavity through the water pipeline and is connected to the above-ground reservoir through the deep well; the gas pipeline is arranged at the top of the spherical cavity and is connected to the atmosphere on the ground; the control center is placed on the ground and is connected to the pump-turbine through cables and measurement and control cables, and is used to control the opening and closing of the gate, the start and stop of the pumped energy storage system, and the start and stop of the pump-turbine. 2. A pumped energy storage system based on a deep well and a spherical cavity according to claim 1, characterized in that the deep well is a vertical well or an inclined well. 3. A pumped energy storage system based on a deep well and a spherical cavity according to claim 1, characterized in that the deep well is an artificially excavated or abandoned mine. 4. According to claim 1, a pumped energy storage system based on a deep well and a spherical cavity is characterized in that the diameter and depth of the deep well are selected according to the energy storage capacity and power, and match the capacity of the ground reservoir; the volume of the spherical cavity is selected according to the energy storage capacity and power, and matches the capacity of the ground reservoir. 5. A pumped water energy storage system based on a deep well and a spherical cavity according to claim 1, characterized in that the spherical cavity is an underground water storage container made of reinforced concrete or steel; The above-ground reservoir is a natural water source, an artificial reservoir, a barrier lake or an urban landscape pool. 6. According to claim 1, a pumped energy storage system based on a deep well and a spherical cavity is characterized in that the power and lift of the water pump turbine match the system energy storage capacity and power, and a protective device is provided outside the water pump turbine, which has the dual functions of protection and heat dissipation of the water pump turbine. 7. A pumped energy storage system based on a deep well and a spherical cavity according to claim 1, characterized in that a wellhead plug is provided at the wellhead of the deep well, the wellhead plug is made of reinforced concrete and a maintenance channel is reserved. 8. A pumped energy storage system based on a deep well and a spherical cavity according to claim 1, characterized in that when the sum of the inner diameter of the spherical cavity and the height of the pump turbine is greater than 10 meters, the pump turbine is placed in a sinking well at the bottom of the spherical cavity. 9. A pumped water energy storage system based on a deep well and a spherical cavity according to claim 1, characterized in that the water pump turbine is placed on the top of the spherical cavity. 10. An energy storage method based on a deep well and a spherical cavity pumped energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it comprises: In the initial state, there is no water in the ball cavity, the gate is closed, and the ball cavity is connected to the ground atmosphere through the gas pipeline to ensure that the air pressure in the ball cavity is connected to the atmospheric pressure; When the power consumption is at a peak, or the power grid or users need electric energy, the control center first opens the gate, then starts the pump turbine, and the water from the ground reservoir flows into the spherical cavity and drives the pump turbine to generate electricity, and the electric energy is transmitted to the power grid or users via cables and the control center; when the water level in the spherical cavity rises to a first set height, the gate is closed, the pump turbine is shut down, and the pumped energy storage system completes power generation; When electricity consumption is low or the grid or users need to store electricity, the control center opens the gates, starts the pump turbine, and uses electricity to pump the water in the spherical cavity into the above-ground reservoir, storing energy in the form of the gravitational potential energy of the water. When the water level inside the spherical cavity drops to the second set height, the gates are closed, the pump turbine is shut down, and the pumping energy storage system is charged.