CN1179261A - Ecological reproducing method for stichopus japonicus - Google Patents
Ecological reproducing method for stichopus japonicus Download PDFInfo
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- CN1179261A CN1179261A CN96119491A CN96119491A CN1179261A CN 1179261 A CN1179261 A CN 1179261A CN 96119491 A CN96119491 A CN 96119491A CN 96119491 A CN96119491 A CN 96119491A CN 1179261 A CN1179261 A CN 1179261A
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- stichopus japonicus
- ecological
- collector
- artificial
- fishing bank
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 241000965254 Apostichopus japonicus Species 0.000 title claims description 53
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000237509 Patinopecten sp. Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000020637 scallop Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000237536 Mytilus edulis Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000237502 Ostreidae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000020638 mussel Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000020636 oyster Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000251511 Holothuroidea Species 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000172 allergic effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 208000010668 atopic eczema Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 241000208340 Araliaceae Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 241000258161 Stichopus Species 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009189 diving Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029052 metamorphosis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010920 waste tyre Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
An ecological multiplication method for spiny sea cucumber features that based on the life and developing habit of spiny sea cucumber and the condition of attaching base and bottom mass in natural ecological environment for young spiny sea cucumber, a manual young spiny sea cucumber collector and artificial reef are designed to increase the attaching rate, allergic rate and survival rate of pelagic young sea cucumbers. Its advantages include less investment, efficient utilization of sea region, and high multiplication effect.
Description
The present invention relates to the ecological enrichment procedure of a kind of stichopus japonicus (Stichopus japnicus).This method is in stichopus japonicus self-sow sea area and have stichopus japonicus young resource sea area to apply to have bigger economic benefit and social benefit.
Existing stichopus japonicus multiplication technique is to realize by the method for throwing in artificial juvenile stichopus at suitable natural waters.Following conditional request is generally arranged: 1, the juvenile stichopus of propagation usefulness should be the above abnormal young ginseng of 1.0cm; 2, the breeding blanket depth of water should be 3～15m, throws seedling and should select 10m with the interior cay district that has macro to grow thickly; 3, the breeding blanket substrate with rock, reef at the bottom of for well, sand mud substrate zone need have cay and macro to provide wind sheltering wave and estivaculum for stichopus japonicus.Satisfying under the situation of above-mentioned condition, will sting seedling by the diver with net cage and sink to the seabed, the thorn seedling is climbed out of from net cage voluntarily.The method of this routine must at first be set up stichopus japonicus artificial seed field, carries out the artificial breeding juvenile stichopus, and this just must increase the investment of artificial seed's equipment facility.Because artificial seed's survival rate instability, the artificial seed drops into the influence that changed by living environment behind the seabed in addition, and survival rate is all lower after 1 year, and cultivation effect is not obvious.
In the history of life of stichopus japonicus, parent participation needs the young pelagic period through about 10 days with after the ovum output hatching, and seedling at this moment is called floating larva, and the stichopus japonicus body metamorphosis of swimming becomes young ginseng, and its life habit changes the realization of adhering to that is by on adherance.Young ginseng is lived on adherance, and along with the growth of individuality, and seedling breaks away from adherance gradually and changes the end life of dwelling over to and become children's ginseng.Therefore stichopus japonicus in the history of life, floating larva adherance and substrate condition are influence the two big ecological limiting factors that the stichopus japonicus breeding survives, they directly affect the stichopus japonicus young can realize smoothly by swim to adhere to, by being attached to the life habit transformation of dwelling at the end.In the natural waters, children ginseng is common in the abundant shallow water cay district of marine alga, exactly because marine alga provides adherance for stichopus japonicus, the transition of dwelling provides condition to the cay substrate end of to by adhering to for young ginseng again.
Task of the present invention is the deficiency that exists at conventional stichopus japonicus multiplication technique, habit is grown in life according to stichopus japonicus, be conceived to the manual intervention of ecological limiting factor in the stichopus japonicus natural ecological environment and impel it to improve, improve stichopus japonicus floating larva adhesive rate, distortion ratio and seedling in the natural waters by adhering to, thereby realize the ecology propagation of stichopus japonicus to the end survival rate that life changes of dwelling.
The present invention at first selects the seabed to have the stichopus japonicus natural resources to distribute or does not have the stichopus japonicus natural resources to distribute but stichopus japonicus stichopus japonicus floating larva resource was arranged between breeding period, the depth of water is ecological breeding blanket in the sea area of 3～15m, be characterized in throwing in artificial fishing bank in above-mentioned sea area, before entering breeding period, stichopus japonicus in 5～10 days the artificial seeding device is hung on the marine buoyant raft, between collector hangs apart from about 1m, about lifting rope 3m.
When throwing in artificial fishing bank, can throw in different artificial fishing banks according to different seabeds substrate condition.If ecological breeding blanket is a hard or than the sea area of hardground, can adopt stone to heap or interconnect as artificial fishing bank with junked tire; If ecological breeding blanket is softer husky mud or silt particle substrate sea area, can adopt dropstone to connect pigtail shape adhesive tape as artificial fishing bank.
It can be that the stone of gathering 10～20kg drops into seabed, breeding blanket, 10～20m that stone is heaped artificial fishing bank
2Be a pile; The tire artificial fishing bank can in one plane be interconnected into a fishing bank group mutually with 30 left and right sides junked tires; Dropstone connects pigtail shape adhesive tape artificial fishing bank can weave into the pigtail shape with adhesive tape or the band that junked tire is sawn into the long 2～3cm of wide 3～5cm, and one or both ends are connected with dropstone with rope, throw in the breeding blanket equably.
Said artificial seeding device can adopt net Chu's collector or mesh bag collector or artificial algal filament collector, can adopt also that scallop cultivation cage, mussel culture hang, oyster culture is hung etc. and make the dual-purpose collector.
The cylinder mould collector can be with the scallop cultivation cage of existing 10 layers of flaking eye length of side 1cm, and specific practice is dress polythene net sheet or anchor drift net clothing 200～300g in every layer of dish; The mesh bag collector can be made 25cm * 40cm mesh bag with the polyethylene gauze, and interior dress polythene net sheet or anchor drift net clothing 50～100g/ bag couple together the mesh bag tying to become with polyethylene rope and hang, and mesh bag spacing 30cm whenever hangs the lower end and joins 2～5kg dropstone and use; Artificial algal filament collector can be cut into the length of 20～30cm with plastic strip, band, gets to sandwich in right amount in the φ 1.0cm polyethylene rope, and the long 2m that restricts, the spacing of plastic strip is 20cm, the lower end is joined dropstone and is used.The dual-purpose collector should cooperate breeding production to carry out " cage " operation in use, changes the cylinder mould of rinsing well.Can not carry out " cage " operator, should suitably wash away to culture and hang, remove mud scum.
The present invention compares the breakthrough with the following aspects with traditional artificial seedling enrichment procedure:
(1) solved stichopus japonicus propagation industry seed and come source problem: traditional enrichment procedure, the seed source industry production status of being grown seedlings restricts, and investment is bigger because sea cucumber is grown seedlings, and seed output is less usually, has therefore limited stichopus japonicus propagation development scale and speed.And the ecological propagation of stichopus japonicus does not need manually to throw seedling, and stichopus japonicus is between breeding period, and the stichopus japonicus floating larva in the natural waters all can be used as the seed source of ecological propagation.
(2) widened stichopus japonicus propagation zone: traditional enrichment procedure is considered as the important indicator that the stichopus japonicus breeding blanket is selected with the depth of water and substrate.Studies show that the hard condition in seabed is the important ecological limiting factor of life of dwelling at the bottom of the seedling, this test is after it has been generally acknowledged that the artificial fishing bank that suits is thrown in the deep water, the silt particle base area that are not suitable for stichopus japonicus propagation, and the stichopus japonicus cultivation effect is good.Therefore there is the sea area of stichopus japonicus floating larva resource all can be considered as ecological breeding blanket.
(3) saved fund input: the ecological multiplication technique of stichopus japonicus has been saved the seed investment year after year of traditional enrichment procedure, and spatfall equipment and artificial fishing bank investment are not only little than the seed investment in the ecological propagation, and all belongs to one-time investment.
(4) realized effective utilization in sea area.Owing to adopted " dual-purpose collector " to make stichopus japonicus young spatfall equipment, make the breeding blanket realize cultivated shellfish on the raft, the raft sea area solid of propagation stichopus japonicus down utilizes pattern.
The embodiment of the invention is as follows:
Select sea area, city, Bei Yan Koryo, big Chang Mount island, the depth of water 8～10m, area 190000m
2Be ecological breeding blanket.
(1) background stichopus japonicus resource investigation: on June 10th, 1992, the proliferation test district is carried out the background resource investigation.8 sample points are established in investigation altogether, evenly distribute and get a little, and 2 points are got in every raft district, amount to 8.0m
2, use chase (0.5 * 0.5m at random at every by the diver
2) cover frame sampling four times, record stichopus japonicus quantity, treat that individuality stretches naturally aboard ship after, survey the long and body weight of its body.Catch 5 of stichopus japonicus altogether, 0.6/m of average abundance
2, the long 12.4cm/ head of average body, average weight 121g/ head.
(2) seed source: according to stichopus japonicus breeding period and adhere to the result of study of rule, in breeding period, the stichopus japonicus floating larva is monitored, and make spat collection prediction.Collector is divided into two kinds, and a kind of special " special-purpose collector ", another kind is in conjunction with shellfish culture, to culturing " the dual-purpose collector " of equipment after carrying out necessary processing.Input cylinder mould collector, mesh bag collector, artificial each 10 raft 800 of algal filament collector hung in 1992, " dual-purpose collector " 150 rafts, and 12000 hang.After 1993, all use " dual-purpose collector " instead.
Utilize seedling caducous characteristics on collector, collector is hung on the raft for a long time, it is come off naturally, realize accruing.
(3) substrate transformation: throw in three types of artificial fishing banks in the proliferation test district.
1, stone is heaped: with every block of 2～5kg stone, 10～20 packagedly go into 60 * 40 * 40cm
2Iron cage in, the iron cage pressed certain way by the diver in the seabed and heaps.
2, tire:, interconnect the input seabed by certain way with the waste tire of automobile of purchase.
3, pigtail shape adhesive tape: junked tire is sawn into bar, band shape, is processed into the pigtail shape then, be coupled to each other and drop into the seabed.
5～July in 1992 lapidation 1000m
3, 5～July in 1993 lapidation 1500m
3, 10 tons on tire, 15 tons on adhesive tape.Above-mentioned artificial fishing bank material is thrown in the breeding blanket at random, so that observe its cultivation effect.Also all there are three kinds of fishing banks to distribute in cay substrate district and silt particle substrate district in addition.
Implementation result (seeing attached list)
After on-test in 1992, except that every year contents of the test such as stichopus japonicus stock number, growth, distribution, artificial fishing bank effect in the breeding blanket being done to make regular check on proliferation test effect then annual 11 the end of month, the same background survey of method 4～5 observations of irregularly diving under water.Sampling amount is during greater than 30,30 of random measurements.
Subordinate list is duration of test stichopus japonicus resource over the years inspection and fishes for the condition of production.May find out that from table after test was implemented, significant change had taken place for stichopus japonicus stock number and fishery output.Stock number is by 0.6/m of 92 years background stock numbers
2, increase to 95 years 15.4/m
2Fishery output is also corresponding to original 2000kg/, increases to 7500kg/.Subordinate list:
| Time | Stock number is (individual/m 2) | Individual index | Fishery output in the end of the year (kg/) | |
| Average body long (cm) | Average weight (g) | |||
| On June 10th, 92 | ????0.6 | ????12.4 | ????121.0 | |
| On November 20th, 92 | ????1.5 | ????8.2 | ????57.5 | ????2000 |
| On November 22nd, 93 | ????7.6 | ????6.0 | ????30.8 | ????3000 |
| On November 25th, 94 | ????12.3 | ????7.5 | ????45.7 | ????4000 |
| On November 25th, 95 | ????15.4 | ????10.5 | ????69.1 | ????7500 |
Claims (5)
1, a kind of ecological reproducing method for stichopus japonicus at first selects the seabed to have the stichopus japonicus natural resources to distribute, or does not have the stichopus japonicus natural resources and distribute but stichopus japonicus stichopus japonicus floating larva resource was arranged between breeding period.The depth of water is ecological breeding blanket in 3～15 meters sea area, it is characterized in that throwing in artificial fishing bank in above-mentioned sea area, in 5～10 days the artificial seeding device is hung on the marine buoyant raft before stichopus japonicus enters breeding period, and apart from about 1m, lifting rope was about 3m between collector hung.
2, ecological reproducing method for stichopus japonicus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that ecological breeding blanket is a hardground or than the sea area of hardground, adopt the stone heap or adopt junked tire to interconnect as artificial fishing bank, ecological breeding blanket is softer sand mud or silt particle substrate sea area, adopts dropstone to connect pigtail shape adhesive tape as artificial fishing bank.
3. ecological reproducing method for stichopus japonicus according to claim 2 is characterized in that it is that the stone of gathering 10～20kg drops into seabed, breeding blanket, 10～20m that stone is heaped artificial fishing bank
2Be a pile, the tire artificial fishing bank is that 30 left and right sides junked tires in one plane are interconnected to a fishing bank group, it is to be sawn into wide 3～5cm with adhesive tape or junked tire that dropstone connects pigtail shape adhesive tape artificial fishing bank, the band of long 2～3m is weaved into the pigtail shape, one or both ends are connected with dropstone with rope, evenly throw in the breeding blanket.
4, ecological reproducing method for stichopus japonicus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the artificial seeding device adopts cylinder mould collector or mesh bag collector or artificial algal filament collector, perhaps adopt scallop culture raft, mussel culture to hang, oyster culture is hung etc. made the dual-purpose collector.
5, ecological reproducing method for stichopus japonicus according to claim 4 is characterized in that the cylinder mould collector is with existing ten layers of dish, mesh length of side 1cm scallop cultivation cage, dress polythene net sheet or anchor drift net clothing 200～300g in every layer of dish; The mesh bag collector is to make 25cm * 40cm mesh bag with the polyethylene gauze, interior dress polythene net sheet or anchor drift net etting 50～100g/ bag, with polyethylene rope the mesh bag tying is coupled together to become and hang, mesh bag spacing 20cm whenever hangs the lower end and joins the use of 2～5kg dropstone, and artificial algal filament collector is that plastic strip, band are cut into 20～30cm length, get and sandwich in right amount in the φ 1.0cm polyethylene rope, the long 2m that restricts, the spacing of plastic strip is 20cm, the lower end is joined dropstone and is used.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN96119491A CN1179261A (en) | 1996-10-10 | 1996-10-10 | Ecological reproducing method for stichopus japonicus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN96119491A CN1179261A (en) | 1996-10-10 | 1996-10-10 | Ecological reproducing method for stichopus japonicus |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1179261A true CN1179261A (en) | 1998-04-22 |
Family
ID=5125743
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN96119491A Pending CN1179261A (en) | 1996-10-10 | 1996-10-10 | Ecological reproducing method for stichopus japonicus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1179261A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6689391B2 (en) | 2001-03-30 | 2004-02-10 | Council Of Scientific & Industrial Research | Natural non-polar fluorescent dye from a non-bioluminescent marine invertebrate, compositions containing the said dye and its uses |
| US6916492B2 (en) | 2001-03-30 | 2005-07-12 | Council Of Scientific & Industrial Research | Natural nontoxic multicolor fluorescent protein dye from a marine invertebrate, compositions containing the said dye and its uses |
| CN101720692A (en) * | 2008-10-28 | 2010-06-09 | 敖志辉 | Method for breeding sea cucumbers in bathyal half-hanging floating rafts and cages |
| CN101049095B (en) * | 2007-05-22 | 2011-05-18 | 大连水产学院 | Pond culture method for bechedemer in estuary district |
| CN106234266A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-12-21 | 青岛金沙海洋科技有限公司 | A kind of method of the oyster bioherm district alive ecological aquaculture of algae shellfish ginseng |
| CN106912418A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2017-07-04 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | One kind broadcasts enrichment procedure in tropical shallow sea Bohadschia argus Jaeger bottom |
-
1996
- 1996-10-10 CN CN96119491A patent/CN1179261A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6689391B2 (en) | 2001-03-30 | 2004-02-10 | Council Of Scientific & Industrial Research | Natural non-polar fluorescent dye from a non-bioluminescent marine invertebrate, compositions containing the said dye and its uses |
| US6916492B2 (en) | 2001-03-30 | 2005-07-12 | Council Of Scientific & Industrial Research | Natural nontoxic multicolor fluorescent protein dye from a marine invertebrate, compositions containing the said dye and its uses |
| CN101049095B (en) * | 2007-05-22 | 2011-05-18 | 大连水产学院 | Pond culture method for bechedemer in estuary district |
| CN101720692A (en) * | 2008-10-28 | 2010-06-09 | 敖志辉 | Method for breeding sea cucumbers in bathyal half-hanging floating rafts and cages |
| CN106912418A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2017-07-04 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | One kind broadcasts enrichment procedure in tropical shallow sea Bohadschia argus Jaeger bottom |
| CN106912418B (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2020-03-10 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Bottom sowing proliferation method of tropical shallow sea snakes and manis alba |
| CN106234266A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-12-21 | 青岛金沙海洋科技有限公司 | A kind of method of the oyster bioherm district alive ecological aquaculture of algae shellfish ginseng |
| CN106234266B (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2019-04-19 | 青岛金沙海洋科技有限公司 | A kind of method of oyster bioherm area algae-shellfish-ginseng ecology aquaculture living |
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