CN117816914A

CN117816914A - Automatic sand box molding equipment

Info

Publication number: CN117816914A
Application number: CN202311717114.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭斌; 周月村; 郭宗存
Original assignee: Yancheng Yongxin Machinery Co ltd
Current assignee: Yancheng Yongxin Machinery Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-12-14
Filing date: 2023-12-14
Publication date: 2024-04-05
Anticipated expiration: 2043-12-14
Also published as: CN117816914B

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic sand box molding equipment, comprising: the sand box comprises an outer box body and an inner box body, wherein the inner box body comprises an upper box body part fixedly connected with the inner wall of the outer box body and a lower box body part movably connected with the upper box body part; a sand adding device for filling molding sand into the sand box; a sand pressing device for simultaneously applying pressure to the upper and lower ends of the sand box filled with sand to compact the sand in the sand box to form a sand mold; and a hardening device. The invention can conveniently realize the sand box molding, can improve the production efficiency, reduce the production cost and has good application prospect; according to the invention, the lower pressing plate mechanism is matched with the upper pressing plate, and the molding sand can be simultaneously pressed in the upper direction and the lower direction by using the set of power mechanism, so that the compaction effect of the molding sand can be remarkably improved, and particularly, the compaction of the molding sand at the bottom can be ensured, so that the density of each part of the sand mold is more uniform.

Description

Automatic sand box molding equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of sand box molding, in particular to automatic sand box molding equipment.

Background

The casting process mainly comprises the working procedures of sand box molding, pouring, separating molding sand and castings, wherein the sand box molding comprises the working procedures of sand filling, sand pressing, box assembling, hardening, demolding, and the like, and in the traditional scheme, the operation is usually performed manually, so that the defects of low efficiency, large workload, and the like are overcome. The purpose of the sand pressing operation is to compact loose sand into a compact sand mold with necessary strength, the traditional compaction is realized by manually beating, and the efficiency is low and the working strength is high. Mechanical compaction is usually performed by applying downward pressure on the upper part of the sand box, so that the phenomenon that the upper part is pressed tightly, but the molding sand below is loose and the sealing distribution of the sand mould is uneven easily occurs.

The sand box molding line disclosed by the patent CN109226699B, the working method thereof, the full-automatic sand box molding equipment disclosed by the patent CN105834377B and the casting production line based on the equipment can realize automatic sand box molding, and can overcome a plurality of defects existing in manual operation. However, for sand compaction processes, which all employ conventional mechanical compaction schemes, the above-described drawbacks remain.

Patent CN101823127a discloses a sand casting molding compacting device and compacting method thereof, which can compress the upper and lower ends through the cooperation of a sand box, an upper compacting mechanism and a sliding mechanism, so as to improve compacting effect. However, two groups of driving structures are needed to achieve compaction in the upper and lower directions, so that the complexity, cost, control difficulty and the like of the equipment structure are increased.

Therefore, there is a need for improvements in the art to provide a more reliable solution.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an automatic sand box molding machine, which aims at the defects in the prior art.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: an automatic flask molding apparatus, comprising:

the sand box comprises an outer box body and an inner box body arranged in the outer box body, wherein the upper end and the lower end of the outer box body are both open, the upper end of the inner box body is open, the lower end of the inner box body is provided with a box bottom plate, the inner box body comprises an upper box body part fixedly connected with the inner wall of the outer box body and a lower box body part movably connected with the upper box body part, and the box bottom plate is formed at the bottom end of the lower box body part;

a sand adding device for filling molding sand into the sand box;

a sand pressing device for simultaneously applying pressure to the upper and lower ends of the sand box filled with sand to compact the sand in the sand box to form a sand mold;

and a hardening device for hardening the sand mold in the sand box;

the sand pressing device comprises a base, a frame arranged on the base, a pressing frame arranged on the frame, a pressing driving mechanism used for driving the pressing frame to move up and down along the Z direction, a sand box slideway arranged on the base, an upper pressing plate arranged on the pressing frame and used for applying vertical downward pressure to the upper part of the sand box, and two groups of lower pressing plate mechanisms symmetrically arranged on the pressing frame in the Y direction and used for applying vertical upward pressure to the bottom plate of the box.

Preferably, the pressing driving mechanism comprises a guide sliding sleeve arranged on the frame, a driving rod matched and inserted in the guide sliding sleeve and a power device connected to the driving rod, wherein the output end of the power device is connected with the driving rod so as to drive the driving rod to reciprocate up and down, the lower end of the driving rod is connected with the pressing frame, and the power device is an electric push rod or an air cylinder.

Preferably, the lower pressing plate mechanism comprises a pressure conversion block arranged between the base and the sand box slideway, a U-shaped pressure conduction cavity formed in the pressure conversion block, a liquid pressure transmission medium filled in the pressure conduction cavity, a lower pressing rod connected to the pressing frame and inserted into a first vertical cavity of the U-shaped pressure conduction cavity at the bottom, and an upper ejector rod inserted into a second vertical cavity of the U-shaped pressure conduction cavity;

a slideway bottom plate at the bottom of the slideway of the sand box is provided with a mandril hole for the upper end of the upper mandril to pass through, and the bottom surface of the slideway bottom plate is provided with a mandril groove for the upper end of the upper mandril to be inserted in a matched manner at a position right above the mandril hole;

under the action of the liquid pressure transmission medium in the U-shaped pressure transmission cavity, when the lower pressure rod moves downwards to extrude the liquid pressure transmission medium, the upper ejector rod is extruded by the liquid pressure transmission medium to move upwards and push the box bottom plate of the inner box body upwards.

Preferably, the U-shaped pressure conducting cavity comprises a first vertical cavity, a second vertical cavity and a horizontal cavity communicating the first vertical cavity and the second vertical cavity;

the bottom of the lower pressure rod is connected with a piston part, and the diameter of the piston part is larger than that of the lower pressure rod;

the surface of the pressure conversion block is provided with a second guide hole communicated with the first vertical cavity downwards, and the downward pressing rod is inserted in the second guide hole in a matched manner;

the first vertical cavity is a cylindrical cavity, the piston part is matched and slidably arranged in the first vertical cavity, the diameter of the piston part is larger than that of the second guide hole, and a first sealing ring is arranged between the second guide hole and the pressing rod.

Preferably, the second vertical cavity is a cylindrical cavity, the upper ejector rod is slidably arranged in the second vertical cavity, a second sealing ring is arranged between the second vertical cavity and the upper ejector rod, and the periphery of the upper ejector rod is connected with a limiting ring;

the surface of the pressure conversion block is also provided with a containing hole communicated with the second vertical cavity downwards, the containing hole is positioned right below the ejector rod hole on the sand box slideway, and the diameter of the containing hole is larger than that of the ejector rod hole;

the limiting rings are arranged in the accommodating holes in a sliding fit mode, the upper ejector rods are further sleeved with first pressure springs, and the first pressure springs are located between the slideway bottom plate of the slideway of the sand box and the limiting rings.

Preferably, the bottom edge of the outer box body is turned inwards by 90 degrees, so that an annular convex edge is formed at the inner periphery of the lower port of the outer box body;

the bottom surface of the upper box body part is provided with an annular connecting groove upwards, the top of the lower box body part is provided with an annular connecting edge, and the annular connecting edge is inserted in the annular connecting groove in a sliding manner from bottom to top;

after the inner box body is inserted into the outer box body from top to bottom, the outer periphery of the bottom surface of the inner box body is matched with the annular convex edge;

the upper surface of annular chimb is provided with a plurality of guide posts, offer a plurality of confession on the bottom surface periphery border of lower box portion the first guiding hole of guide post cooperation male, be connected with the second pressure spring between the inner wall of guide post and first guiding hole.

Preferably, the side wall of the lower box body part is also provided with a plurality of fixing components, and the fixing components comprise a fixing stud connected to the side wall of the inner box body, a bearing sleeved in the middle of the fixing stud and a fixing nut in threaded connection with the outer end of the fixing stud;

the side wall of the outer box body is provided with a guide long groove along the Z direction, the outer end of the fixing stud extends out of the guide long groove, the fixing stud is in contact with the inner wall of the guide long groove through the bearing, and the outer diameter of the fixing nut is larger than the width of the guide long groove.

Preferably, two sides of the sand box slideway along the X direction are upwards protruded to form a guide edge higher than the slideway bottom plate, and a plurality of guide wheels pivoted with the guide edge are arranged on the inner side of the guide edge along the Y direction at intervals.

Preferably, two positioning components are arranged at intervals along the Y direction on the inner side of the guide edge, each positioning component comprises a step mounting hole formed in the inner side of the guide edge, a positioning column matched and inserted in a small hole section of the step mounting hole, a conductive block connected to the inner end of the positioning column and movably arranged in a large hole section of the step mounting hole, a first pin and a second pin arranged in the large hole section, and a third pressure spring connected between the conductive block and the inner wall of the large hole section;

the small hole section is communicated with the large hole section and the outside, and the outer end of the positioning column extends out of the small hole section;

the diameter of the conductive block is larger than that of the small hole section and smaller than that of the large hole section;

the outer end of the positioning column is provided with an arc-shaped end face, and a guide inclined plane matched with the outer end of the positioning column is arranged on the side wall of the bottom of the front end of the outer box body;

positioning grooves matched with the positioning columns are formed in the front and rear parts of the side walls of the outer box body, and the positioning grooves at the front part are in transitional connection with the rear end of the guide inclined plane through a smooth surface; the distance between the two positioning grooves is consistent with the distance between the two positioning columns.

Preferably, the automatic flask molding apparatus further includes a box-grouping device for grouping the cope flask and the drag flask formed after being processed by the sand-pressing device into flasks, and a demolding device; the demolding device is used for processing the sand box processed by the hardening device, separating the sand box from the sand mold and taking out the mold in the sand box;

the working method of the automatic sand box molding equipment comprises the following steps:

s1, filling molding sand into a sand box on a sand feeding station below the sand feeding device by the sand feeding device;

s2, conveying a sand box filled with molding sand to a sand pressing station of the sand pressing device, compacting the molding sand by the sand pressing device to form a sand mould, and sequentially completing preparation of a cope sand box and a drag sand box;

s3, the box assembling device combines the cope box and the drag box which are formed after being processed by the sand pressing device into a sand box;

s4, conveying the sand box combined by the box assembling device to a hardening station of a hardening device to harden the sand mold in the sand box;

s5, conveying the hardened sand box to a demolding station of a demolding device, separating the sand box from the sand mold by the demolding device, and taking out the mold in the sand box.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

the invention can conveniently realize the sand box molding, can improve the production efficiency, reduce the production cost and has good application prospect;

according to the automatic sand box molding equipment provided by the invention, the lower pressing plate mechanism is matched with the upper pressing plate, and the molding sand can be simultaneously pressed in the upper direction and the lower direction by using the set of power mechanism, so that the compaction effect of the molding sand can be obviously improved, and particularly, the compaction of the molding sand at the bottom can be ensured, so that the density of each part of the sand mold is more uniform;

the sand box provided by the invention can be matched with the sand pressing device to realize simultaneous pressing in the upper and lower directions, and the sand eating amount of the sand box can be automatically adjusted according to the size of the mould, so that the sand consumption can be saved, and the production cost can be reduced; in addition, the upper pressing plate and the upper ejector rod lower pressing plate mechanism apply pressure from the upper direction and the lower direction, and can also simultaneously fix the sand box, so that a clamp is not required to be additionally used for fixing the sand box at a sand pressing station during sand pressing;

according to the sand pressing device, by arranging the two positioning assemblies, accurate positioning of the sand box on the sand pressing station can be realized, so that smooth sand pressing is ensured.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the construction of an automated flask molding apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a sand pressing device according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a side view of the sand pressing device of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sand pressing device of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a pressure conversion block in the sand pressing device of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a partial enlarged structure of the present invention at A in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a partial enlarged structure of another structure of FIG. 5A according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the flask of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the sand pressing device in the pressed state;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a partially enlarged structure of the present invention at B in FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a partial enlarged structure at A in FIG. 9 according to the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic top view of the flask and slipway assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic top view of the flask runner of the present invention;

fig. 14 is a partially enlarged schematic structural view of fig. 13C according to the present invention.

Reference numerals illustrate:

1-a sand box;

10-an outer box body; 100-an annular flange; 101-a guide post; 102-guiding long groove; 103—a guiding ramp; 104, positioning grooves;

11-an inner box body; 110-a bottom plate of the tank; 111-top groove; 112-a first guide hole; 113-a second compression spring; 114-upper box portion; 115-annular connecting groove; 116-lower box portion; 117-annular connecting edge; 118-a flexible sand screen; 119-sand baffle;

12-a fixed assembly; 120-fixing the stud; 121-a bearing; 122—a fixing nut;

2-a sand adding device;

3-a sand pressing device; 30-a base; 31-a frame; 32-Shi Yajia;

33-a pressing driving mechanism; 330-guiding sliding sleeve; 331—a drive rod; 332-power device;

34-a sand box slideway; 340-a slideway bottom plate; 341—a guiding edge; 342-a push rod hole; 343-guide wheel; 344-a positioning assembly;

3440-stepped mounting holes; 3441-positioning columns; 3442-conductive blocks; 3443—first pin; 3444—a second pin; 3445-a third compression spring; 3446—a small pore section; 3447—macroporous section; 3448-arcuate end faces;

35-an upper press plate;

36-a lower platen mechanism;

360—a pressure conversion block; 361-U-shaped pressure conducting cavity; 362-a liquid pressure medium; 363-depression bar; 364—upper ejector rod;

3600-a second pilot hole; 3601-a first seal ring; 3602-an accommodating hole;

3610—a first vertical cavity; 3611—a horizontal cavity; 3612—a second vertical cavity;

3630-a piston portion;

3640-limiting ring; 3641—a first compression spring;

4-a first repository;

5-box assembly device;

6-hardening means;

7-demoulding device;

8-a second repository.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to examples to enable those skilled in the art to practice the same by referring to the description.

It will be understood that terms, such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.

Example 1

Referring to FIGS. 1-12, this embodiment provides an automated flask molding apparatus comprising:

the sand box 1 comprises an outer box body 10 and an inner box body 11 arranged in the outer box body 10, wherein the upper end and the lower end of the outer box body 10 are both open, the upper end of the inner box body 11 is open, the lower end of the inner box body 11 is provided with a box bottom plate 110, the inner box body 11 comprises an upper box body part 114 fixedly connected with the inner wall of the outer box body 10 and a lower box body part 116 movably connected with the upper box body part 114, and the box bottom plate 110 is formed at the bottom end of the lower box body part 116;

a sand-adding device 2 for filling sand into the sand box 1;

a sand pressing device 3 for simultaneously applying pressure to the upper and lower ends of the sand box 1 filled with sand to compact the sand in the sand box 1 to form a sand mold;

and a hardening device 6 for hardening the sand mold in the sand box 1;

the sand pressing device 3 comprises a base 30, a frame 31 arranged on the base 30, a pressing frame 32 arranged on the frame 31, a pressing driving mechanism 33 for driving the Shi Yajia 32 to move up and down along the Z direction, a sand box slideway 34 arranged on the base 30, an upper pressing plate 35 arranged on the pressing frame 32 for applying vertical downward pressure above the sand box 1, and two groups of lower pressing plate mechanisms 36 symmetrically arranged on the pressing frame 32 about the Y direction for applying vertical upward pressure to the bottom plate 110.

In this embodiment, the pressing driving mechanism 33 includes a guiding sliding sleeve 330 disposed on the frame 31, a driving rod 331 cooperatively inserted in the guiding sliding sleeve 330, and a power device 332 connected to the driving rod 331, wherein an output end of the power device 332 is connected to the driving rod 331 to drive the driving rod 331 to reciprocate up and down, a lower end of the driving rod 331 is connected to the pressing frame 32, and the power device 332 is an electric push rod or an air cylinder. The driving rod 331 is slidably disposed in the guiding sliding sleeve 330, so that the driving rod 331 can be driven to reciprocate up and down by the power device 332, and power for up and down movement of the pressing frame 32 is provided.

The size of the upper pressing plate 35 is slightly smaller than that of the inner case 11, and thus the molding sand in the inner case 11 can be pressed by the downward movement of the pressing frame 32. The lower platen mechanism 36 applies vertical upward pressure to the bottom plate 110 of the inner case 11 when the pressing frame 32 moves downward, so that the bottom plate 110 presses the molding sand inside upward, and the molding sand can be pressed in both the upper and lower directions, so that the compacting effect of the molding sand can be remarkably improved, and especially the bottom molding sand can be ensured, the density of each part of the sand mold can be more uniform, and the quality of the product after demolding can be ensured.

Specifically, referring to fig. 2-9, in the present embodiment, the lower platen mechanism 36 includes a pressure conversion block 360 disposed between the base 30 and the sand box slide 34, a U-shaped pressure transmission chamber 361 formed in the pressure conversion block 360, a liquid pressure transmission medium 362 filled in the pressure transmission chamber, a lower pressing rod 363 connected to the pressing frame 32 and having a bottom inserted into a first vertical chamber 3610 of the U-shaped pressure transmission chamber 361, and an upper pressing rod 364 inserted into a second vertical chamber 3612 of the U-shaped pressure transmission chamber 361;

the slideway bottom plate 340 at the bottom of the slideway 34 of the sand box is provided with a push rod hole 342 for the upper end of the upper push rod 364 to pass through, and the bottom surface of the bottom plate 110 of the sand box is provided with a top slot 111 for the upper end of the upper push rod 364 to be inserted in a matched way at a position right above the push rod hole 342;

under the action of the liquid pressure medium 362 in the U-shaped pressure conducting cavity 361, when the downward pressing rod 363 moves downward to press the liquid pressure medium 362, the upper push rod 364 is pressed by the liquid pressure medium 362 to move upward and push the bottom plate 110 of the inner case 11 upward. In a preferred embodiment, the liquid pressure medium 362 is hydraulic oil.

Wherein, the U-shaped pressure conducting cavity 361 includes a first vertical cavity 3610, a second vertical cavity 3612, and a horizontal cavity 3611 communicating the first vertical cavity 3610 and the second vertical cavity 3612;

the bottom of the lower pressure rod 363 is connected with a piston part 3630, and the diameter of the piston part 3630 is larger than that of the lower pressure rod 363; the surface of the pressure conversion block 360 is provided with a second guide hole 3600 which is communicated with the first vertical cavity 3610 downwards, and a pressing rod 363 is inserted in the second guide hole 3600 in a matching way; the first vertical cavity 3610 is a cylindrical cavity, the piston portion 3630 is matched and slidably arranged in the first vertical cavity 3610, the piston portion 3630 is closely matched with the first vertical cavity 3610, hydraulic pressure transmission medium does not overflow, the diameter of the piston portion 3630 is larger than that of the second guide hole 3600, accordingly the piston portion 3630 is limited in the first vertical cavity 3610, a first sealing ring 3601 is arranged between the second guide hole 3600 and the pressing rod 363, and the first sealing ring 3601 is used for further guaranteeing sealing inside the first vertical cavity 3610.

The second vertical cavity 3612 is a cylindrical cavity, the upper ejector rod 364 is slidably disposed in the second vertical cavity 3612, a second sealing ring (not shown in the figure) is disposed between the second vertical cavity 3612 and the upper ejector rod 364, and the periphery of the upper ejector rod 364 is connected with a limiting ring 3640;

the surface of the pressure conversion block 360 is also provided with a containing hole 3602 communicated with the second vertical cavity 3612 downwards, the containing hole 3602 is positioned right below the ejector rod hole 342 on the sand box slideway 34, and the diameter of the containing hole 3602 is larger than that of the ejector rod hole 342; the limiting ring 3640 is slidably disposed in the accommodating hole 3602, and the upper ejector rod 364 is further sleeved with a first compression spring 3641, where the first compression spring 3641 is located between the slide bottom 340 of the sand box slide 34 and the limiting ring 3640. The slideway bottom plate 340 is fixedly provided on the pressure conversion block 360, so that the limit ring 3640 and the first compression spring 3641 are restrained in the receiving hole 3602.

The pressure conversion block 360 is used for converting downward pressure into upward pressing pressure, and the working principle is as follows: when no external force acts, the first pressure spring 3641 has downward pressure on the limiting ring 3640, so that the upper ejector rod 364 can not extend upwards when being retracted into the ejector rod hole 342, and the sand box 1 is prevented from being affected to carry out the sand box slideway 34 (as shown in fig. 4-8); when the lower pressing rod 363 moves downward, the piston portion 3630 presses the liquid pressure transmitting medium 362 downward, thereby transmitting pressure below the upper pressing rod 364, so that the upper pressing rod 364 moves upward, the first compression spring 3641 is compressed, and the upper pressing rod 364 protrudes out of the pressing rod hole 342 to press the bottom plate 110 of the inner case 11 upward (see fig. 9 to 11). The upper ejector rod 364 is moved by providing upward pressure through the liquid pressure medium 362, so that the pressure is easy to fluctuate, and the ejector rod 364 has certain fluctuation on the top pressure of the bottom plate 110, thereby forming a vibration-like effect and being more beneficial to compacting the lower sand. In addition, the upper platen 35 and the upper lift pins 364 exert pressure from both the up and down directions, and also exert a fixing effect on the flask 1 at the same time, so that it is unnecessary to fix the flask 1 to the sand pressing station by using a jig in addition at the time of sand pressing.

In this embodiment, the bottom edge of the outer casing 10 is turned inward by 90 ° to form an annular flange 100 at the inner periphery of the lower port of the outer casing 10; the bottom surface of the upper box body 114 is provided with an annular connecting groove 115 upwards, the top of the lower box body 116 is provided with an annular connecting edge 117, and the annular connecting edge 117 is inserted in the annular connecting groove 115 in a sliding way from bottom to top; after the inner box body 11 is inserted into the outer box body 10 from top to bottom, the outer periphery of the bottom surface of the inner box body 11 is matched with the annular convex edge 100;

the upper surface of the annular convex edge 100 is provided with a plurality of guide posts 101, the peripheral edge of the bottom surface of the lower box body 116 is provided with a plurality of first guide holes 112 for the guide posts 101 to be matched and inserted, and a second pressure spring 113 is connected between the guide posts 101 and the inner wall of the first guide holes 112.

In this embodiment, the side wall of the lower box 116 is further provided with a plurality of fixing assemblies 12, and the fixing assemblies 12 include a fixing stud 120 connected to the side wall of the inner box 11, a bearing 121 sleeved in the middle of the fixing stud 120, and a fixing nut 122 screwed to the outer end of the fixing stud 120; a guiding long groove 102 is formed in the side wall of the outer box body 10 along the Z direction, the outer end of the fixing stud 120 extends out of the guiding long groove 102, the fixing stud 120 is in contact with the inner wall of the guiding long groove 102 through a bearing 121, and the outer diameter of the fixing nut 122 is larger than the width of the guiding long groove 102.

The fixing assembly 12 is used for locking the lower case 116, and when the lower case 116 needs to be locked, the fixing nut 122 is rotated to make the fixing nut 122 contact with and press against the outer wall of the outer case 10, so that the lower case 116 cannot move relative to the outer case 10 or the upper case 114. When the fixing nut 122 is not in contact with the outer wall of the outer casing 10, the fixing assembly 12 releases the locking of the lower casing 116, the annular flange 100 can move up and down within a certain range relative to the annular connecting groove 115, so that the lower casing 116 can slide up and down relative to the upper casing 114, and the fixing nut 122 is in rolling contact with the inner wall of the guide long groove 102 through the bearing 121.

In this embodiment, the upper box portion 114 of the inner box 11 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the outer box 10, the lower box portion 116 is movably connected with the upper box portion 114 and falls on the annular convex edge 100, and the second compression spring 113 has an upward elastic action on the upper box portion 114, so that the overall height of the inner box 11 is variable, more specifically, the overall height of the inner box 11 can be automatically adjusted according to the total mass inside the inner box 11, and the setting enables the sand feeding amount of the sand box 1 to be automatically adjusted according to the size of the mold in a certain application scene, more specifically, the sand feeding amount can be reduced when the size of the mold is reduced, and the sand consumption can be saved.

Typically, the number of prepared flasks 1 is always limited for cost-saving reasons; it is generally only possible to manufacture several different sizes of sand boxes 1 in advance to meet the requirement, so that products of different sizes within a certain range can be cast by using the same sand box 1, because preparing sand boxes 1 of corresponding sizes according to products of different sizes greatly increases manufacturing cost. Taking the same type of products with different types (i.e. different sizes, such as large, medium and small types) as an example, in this case, the same size of sand box 1 is used for production, obviously, in order to fill the sand box 1 with sand when small products are produced, the sand amount is more than that of large and medium size products, obviously, a large amount of sand is wasted, and the increase of the sand amount can also add to the energy consumption of links such as transportation, lifting and the like in the production process. The sand box 1 of the present invention can reduce the sand consumption to a certain extent, and the specific principle and the usage method will be described below by taking the same type and different types (such as large, medium and small types) of products as examples (it should be understood that the mold materials adopted in the general case are several conventional, such as wood forms, and the same mold materials are taken as examples below for convenience of description):

before entering the sand adding device 2, the sand box 1 is manually placed in a set position in the inner box body 11, is fixed with the inner wall of the lower box body 116, and then locks the lower box body 116 through the fixing component 12;

when the inner box 11 is put into the mold, the weight of the mold can downwards press the box 116 to compress the second pressure spring 113, the lower box 116 moves downwards a certain distance relative to the upper box 114 until the stress is balanced, and the effective height inside the inner box 11 is recorded as H; when the mold is a mold of a small-sized product, the effective height is denoted as H1, when the mold is a mold of a large-sized product, the effective height is denoted as H2, since the mold material is the same, it is apparent that the mold weight of the large-sized product is larger than that of the small-sized product mold, so that when the mold of the small-sized product is put in, the lower case portion 116 receives a downward pressure to be reduced, the compression amount of the second compression spring 113 is reduced, the effective height of the inner case 11 is reduced, i.e., H1 < H2, so that when applied to the small-sized product, the vertical dimension of the flask 1 is adaptively reduced, so that the sand consumption is relatively reduced (for example, the sand consumption is reduced when sand is added to be flush with the upper end of the inner case 11 with respect to the case where the height of the inner case 11 is unchanged);

then adding sand through the sand adding device 2 to enable the molding sand to cover the mold and reach the set position of the upper end of the inner box 11, for example, to be flush with the upper end of the inner box 11; before entering the sand pressing device 3 to press sand, the fixing nut 122 is required to be rotated to unlock the lower box body 116.

In a preferred embodiment, referring to fig. 7, in order to prevent sand from entering at the connection position between the annular flange 100 and the annular connection groove 115, a flexible sand blocking cover 118 is provided at the inner side of the inner housing 11 at a position between the bottom surface of the upper housing part 114 and the upper end of the lower housing part 116, and the flexible sand blocking cover 118 can seal the position without affecting the movement of the lower housing part 116 relative to the upper housing part 114. The flexible sand screen 118 may be a wear-resistant high temperature-resistant plastic film or flexible cloth, etc.

Referring to fig. 8, in another embodiment, the flexible sand-blocking cover 118 is replaced by a sand-blocking piece 119, the sand-blocking piece 119 is annular, the upper end of the sand-blocking piece 119 is connected with the inner wall of the upper box body 114, the lower end of the sand-blocking piece protrudes from the inner wall of the lower box body 116, and when the lower box body 116 moves up and down relative to the upper box body 114, the sand-blocking piece 119 always blocks the connecting position of the sand-blocking piece 119 and the upper box body 116, and the relative movement of the lower box body 116 is not affected.

In the preferred embodiment, both sides of the flask runner 34 in the X-direction are upwardly protruded to form guide edges 341 higher than the runner bottom plate 340, and a plurality of guide wheels 343 pivotally connected to the guide edges 341 are provided at intervals in the Y-direction inside the guide edges 341. The guide wheels 343 are in rolling contact with the outer walls at two sides of the sand box 1, and the sand box 1 can smoothly enter the sand box slideway 34 under the guiding and positioning effects and reach the sand pressing station. Wherein, the width of the sand box slideway 34 is matched with the width of the sand box 1 (the width of the sand box slideway 34 is slightly larger than the width of the sand box 1), so that the sand box 1 can slide along the Y direction relative to the sand box slideway 34, and meanwhile, the movement of the sand box 1 in the X direction can be limited.

Referring to fig. 12 to 14, in a preferred embodiment, two positioning components 344 are disposed at intervals along the Y direction inside the guiding edge 341, the positioning components 344 include a stepped mounting hole 3440 formed inside the guiding edge 341, a positioning column 3441 cooperatively inserted in a small hole section 3446 of the stepped mounting hole 3440, a conductive block 3442 connected to the inner end of the positioning column 3441 and movably disposed in a large hole section 3447 of the stepped mounting hole 3440, a first pin 3443 and a second pin 3444 disposed in the large hole section 3447, and a third compression spring 3445 connected between the conductive block 3442 and the inner wall of the large hole section 3447; the first pins 3443 and the second pins 3444 have elasticity, such as elastic sheets or elastic columns, and can be extruded by the conductive blocks 3442 to generate certain bending or stretching; after the conductive block 3442 contacts the first and second pins 3443 and 3444, the loop between the first and second pins 3443 and 3444 is closed, so that the instruction for positioning the positioning component 344 can be indicated. For example, in one embodiment, both the first and second pins 3443, 3444 are connected to a control chip or controller, and when the loops of the first and second pins 3443, 3444 are turned on, a trigger signal indicates that the positioning assembly 344 is positioned.

The small hole section 3446 is communicated with the large hole section 3447 and the outside, and the outer end of the positioning column 3441 extends out of the small hole section 3446;

the diameter of the conductive block 3442 is greater than the diameter of the small hole section 3446 and less than the diameter of the large hole section 3447;

the outer end of the positioning column 3441 is provided with an arc-shaped end surface 3448, and the side wall of the bottom of the front end of the outer box body 10 is provided with a guide inclined surface 103 which is matched with the outer end of the positioning column 3441; referring to fig. 14, in a preferred embodiment, the guide slope 103 is an arc-shaped slope, the front end of which slopes inwardly (i.e., the right end of the outer case 10 slopes upwardly in fig. 14);

the front part and the rear part of the side wall of the outer box body 10 are respectively provided with a positioning groove 104 matched with the positioning column 3441, and the positioning groove 104 at the front part is in transitional connection with the rear end of the guide inclined plane 103 through a smooth surface; the interval between the two positioning grooves 104 coincides with the interval between the two positioning posts 3441.

The two positioning assemblies 344 are used for realizing positioning of the sand box 1 on the sand box slideway 34, so that when the sand box 1 arrives at the sand pressing station, the first guide hole 112 of the bottom plate 110 of the sand box 1 is opposite to the ejector rod hole 342 on the slideway bottom plate 340 of the sand box slideway 34, so as to smoothly realize sand pressing, and the positioning principle is as follows:

the two positioning assemblies 344 are comprised of a front positioning assembly 344 and a rear positioning assembly 344 from front to back (i.e., from left to right to left in fig. 13);

taking the sand box 1 and the front positioning assembly 344 as an example for illustration:

the sand box 1 enters the sand box slideway 34 and moves forwards, a guide inclined plane 103 on the side wall of the front end bottom of the outer box body 10 of the sand box 1 is contacted with an arc-shaped end surface 3448 of the positioning column 3441, then the positioning column 3441 is extruded to move into the large hole section 3447, and a conductive block 3442 at the inner end of the positioning column 3441 extrudes a third pressure spring 3445, so that the conductive block 3442 is extruded and closely contacted with the first pin 3443 and the second pin 3444; along with the small-range movement of the sand box 1, the arc-shaped end surface 3448 of the positioning column 3441 is matched and inserted into the positioning groove 104 on the side wall of the outer box body 10, and the conductive block 3442 is still in contact with the first pin 3443 and the second pin 3444;

at the same time, the positioning column 3441 in the rear positioning assembly 344 is also matched and inserted into the positioning groove 104 at the corresponding position of the side wall of the outer box 10, and the conductive block 3442 in the rear positioning assembly 344 is tightly contacted with the first pin 3443 and the second pin 3444;

that is, at this time, the circuit between the first pin 3443 and the second pin 3444 in the front positioning unit 344 is on (simply referred to as on state), and the circuit between the first pin 3443 and the second pin 3444 in the rear positioning unit 344 is on, indicating that both the front positioning unit 344 and the rear positioning unit 344 have completed positioning, indicating that the flask 1 has reached the squeeze station at this time.

In the whole positioning process of the two positioning assemblies 344, the outer box body 10 of the sand box 1 is contacted with the rear positioning assembly 344 firstly, so that the rear positioning assembly 344 is in a connected state, and the front positioning assembly 344 is in a non-connected state at the moment, and the fact that one sand box 1 enters a sand feeding station is indicated; thereafter, the flask 1 is moved to the front positioning assembly 344 and the front positioning assembly 344 is turned on, while the rear positioning assembly 344 is still turned on, indicating that the flask 1 has reached the squeeze station; finally, as the flask 1 continues to move, the rear positioning assembly 344 is in the unaccessed state and the front positioning assembly 344 is in the actuated state, indicating that the flask 1 is exiting the squeeze station. Positioning is performed through cooperation of the two positioning assemblies 344, positioning accuracy can be guaranteed, and meanwhile, the state of the sand box 1 relative to the sand pressing station can be judged.

The cooperation of the arc-shaped end surface 3448 of the positioning column 3441 and the positioning groove 104 of the outer box 10 is beneficial to keeping relative stability after the positioning column 3441 enters the positioning groove 104, namely, a certain amount of thrust is needed to enable the positioning column 3441 to leave the positioning groove 104, and even if the positioning column 3441 has a certain deviation from the positioning groove 104, the positioning column 3441 also easily reenters the positioning groove 104 under the action of the third pressure spring 3445, thereby being beneficial to realizing the quick and accurate positioning of the sand box 1 by reducing the control requirement on the driving force driving the sand box 1 to move to the sand pressing station.

Example 2

With continued reference to FIG. 1, as a further modification of the embodiment 1, the automatic flask molding apparatus of the present embodiment further includes a box-grouping device 5 and a stripping device 7, the box-grouping device 5 being configured to combine the cope flask 1 and the drag flask 1, which are formed after being processed by the sand-pressing device 3, into a flask 1; the demolding device 7 is used for processing the sand box 1 processed by the hardening device 6, separating the sand box 1 from the sand mold and taking out a mold in the sand box 1; in a further preferred embodiment, a first buffer warehouse 4 is arranged between the sand pressing device 3 and the box assembling device 5 and is used for temporarily storing the sand box 1 processed by the sand pressing device 3; a second buffer 8 is also provided downstream of the stripping means 7 for temporarily storing the separated flask 1 and mold.

In this embodiment, the working method of the automated flask 1 molding machine includes the steps of:

s1, manually placing a mold into the sand box 1, and locking the lower box body 116 through the fixing assembly 12; the sand box 1 is conveyed to the lower part of the sand feeding device 2 through conveying equipment (such as a belt), the fixing nut 122 is rotated, the locking of the lower box body 116 is released, and the sand feeding device 2 fills molding sand into the sand box 1 on a sand feeding station below the sand feeding device;

s2, conveying the sand box 1 filled with molding sand to a sand pressing station of a sand pressing device 3, compacting the molding sand by the sand pressing device 3 to form a sand mould, and locking a lower box body 116 through a fixing assembly 12 to further ensure stability of the sand mould, and sequentially completing preparation of the cope sand box 1 and the drag sand box 1; the cope flask 1 and the drag flask 1 are temporarily stored in the first buffer pool 4;

s3, combining the cope flask 1 and the drag flask 1 which are formed after being processed by the sand pressing device 3 in the first slow warehouse 4 into a flask 1 by a box combining device 5 (for example, realizing box combining by a manipulator);

s4, conveying the sand box 1 combined by the box assembling device 5 to a hardening station of a hardening device 6 (such as a microwave device, an air-drying hardening device 6 and the like) to harden the sand mould in the sand box 1;

s5, conveying the hardened sand box 1 to a demolding station of a demolding device 7 (demolding is realized through a plurality of groups of manipulators), separating the sand box 1 from the sand mould by the demolding device 7, taking out the mould in the sand box 1, storing the mould in a second buffer warehouse 8, and recycling the sand box 1 and the mould after the sand box enters into subsequent casting.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the use of the description and embodiments, it is well suited to various fields of use for the invention, and further modifications may be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and accordingly, the invention is not limited to the particular details without departing from the general concepts defined in the claims and the equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. An automatic flask molding apparatus, comprising:

a sand adding device for filling molding sand into the sand box;

and a hardening device for hardening the sand mold in the sand box;

2. The automated flask molding machine as recited in claim 1, wherein said pressure-applying driving mechanism includes a guide slide disposed on said frame, a driving rod cooperatively inserted in said guide slide, and a power device connected to said driving rod, an output of said power device being connected to said driving rod for driving said driving rod to reciprocate up and down, a lower end of said driving rod being connected to said pressure-applying frame, said power device being an electric push rod or an air cylinder.

3. The automated flask molding machine as recited in claim 2, wherein said lower platen mechanism includes a pressure conversion block disposed between said base and flask slides, a U-shaped pressure transfer cavity formed in said pressure conversion block, a liquid pressure transfer medium filled in said pressure transfer cavity, a lower platen connected to said pressure applying frame and having a bottom inserted into a first vertical cavity of said U-shaped pressure transfer cavity, and an upper platen inserted into a second vertical cavity of said U-shaped pressure transfer cavity;

4. The automated flask molding apparatus as recited in claim 3, wherein said U-shaped pressure transfer chamber comprises said first vertical cavity, a second vertical cavity, and a horizontal cavity communicating said first vertical cavity and said second vertical cavity;

5. The automated sand molding machine of claim 4, wherein the second vertical cavity is a cylindrical cavity, the upper lift pin is slidably disposed in the second vertical cavity, a second sealing ring is disposed between the second vertical cavity and the upper lift pin, and a limiting ring is connected to an outer periphery of the upper lift pin;

6. The automatic flask molding apparatus as recited in claim 5, wherein a bottom edge of said outer casing is turned inward by 90 ° to form an annular rim at an inner periphery of a lower port of said outer casing;

7. The automated flask molding apparatus as recited in claim 6, wherein a plurality of fixing members are further provided on a sidewall of the lower case, the fixing members including fixing studs attached to the sidewall of the inner case, bearings fitted in a middle portion of the fixing studs, and fixing nuts screw-coupled to outer ends of the fixing studs;

8. The automated flask molding machine as recited in claim 7, wherein both sides of said flask slide in the X-direction are upwardly convex to form guide edges higher than said slide bottom plate, and wherein a plurality of guide wheels pivotally connected to said guide edges are provided at intervals in the Y-direction on the inner sides of said guide edges.

9. The automatic sand box molding machine according to claim 8, wherein two positioning components are arranged at intervals along the Y direction on the inner side of the guide edge, the positioning components comprise a step mounting hole formed on the inner side of the guide edge, a positioning column matched and inserted in a small hole section of the step mounting hole, a conductive block connected to the inner end of the positioning column and movably arranged in a large hole section of the step mounting hole, a first pin and a second pin arranged in the large hole section, and a third pressure spring connected between the conductive block and the inner wall of the large hole section;

10. The automatic flask molding apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising a box-grouping device for grouping a cope flask and a drag flask formed by processing by the sand pressing device into a flask, and a mold releasing device; the demolding device is used for processing the sand box processed by the hardening device, separating the sand box from the sand mold and taking out the mold in the sand box;