CN117703871A - Double-end buffer device of bidirectional single-rod actuator cylinder - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a double-end buffer device of a bidirectional single-rod actuator cylinder, and relates to the technical field of mechanical transmission. The piston cylinder divides an outer cylinder working cavity into a hydraulic cavity and a retraction cavity; high-pressure oil enters a piston cavity through a hydraulic oil port connector, a piston rod is pushed to extend out, a locking clamping block is driven to move beyond a conical locking surface of the inner wall of an outer cylinder, the locking clamping block moves towards the tail end of the outer cylinder to reach the bottom of the outer cylinder, a buffer bushing contacts the bottom of the tail end of the outer cylinder, the piston cylinder extrudes a buffer spring constrained by the buffer bushing to compress and push to the right, high-pressure oil in the spring cavity is extruded to an oil return tank pipeline from a throttling circular seam, and the buffer bushing extrudes oil liquid to generate damping force by using the throttling circular seam extending out of the tail end of the piston rod, so that the tail end of the piston rod is extruded out to buffer; and otherwise, the piston rod overcomes the load and retracts to the tail end of the hydraulic cavity, the piston rod extrudes hydraulic oil in the rod end spring cavity into the hydraulic cavity through a retraction throttling annular gap formed between the piston rod and the buffer lining barrel to generate damping force, and oil is returned through the oil port joint to realize the buffering of the retraction tail end.

Description

Double-end buffer device of bidirectional single-rod actuator cylinder

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical transmission, in particular to a self-locking actuator cylinder structure capable of preventing end bottom collision impact and emergency unlocking extension, which relates to a multifunctional integrated actuator cylinder with double-end buffering, an upper lock, emergency release and the like.

Background

In aircraft hydraulic systems, rams are widely used in systems for steering control surfaces, retraction of landing gear, flaps and speed reducers, and engine thrust reversals. The working principle is as follows: when the cylinder is fixed, if the left cavity of the cylinder is fed with working fluid, the piston starts to move to the right when the fluid pressure is raised enough to overcome the external load. If the liquid is supplied continuously, the piston moves continuously at a constant speed. Bidirectional single-rod rams are commonly used where different drive forces are required in two directions. Such forms of rams are commonly employed, for example, in landing gear retraction systems. The hydraulic actuating element is a hydraulic element for applying work to the outside in a hydraulic system, and directly converts hydraulic energy into mechanical energy. Hydraulic actuators fall into two main categories: one type is a rotary motion type (e.g., a hydraulic motor), which is a hydraulic element that converts hydraulic energy into rotational mechanical energy; the other is a reciprocating type, which is classified into a reciprocating linear motion type (e.g., a cylinder), which is a hydraulic element that converts hydraulic energy into linear reciprocating motion kinetic energy, and a reciprocating swing motion type (a swing cylinder). As the swinging cylinders are applied to modern civil aircraft less and less. In an aircraft hydraulic system, an actuating cylinder (hydraulic cylinder) is widely applied to occasions such as control of a control surface, retraction of a landing gear, a flap and a speed reducing plate, control of an engine tail nozzle, a thrust reverser, an air inlet cone and a fuel pump and the like due to simple structure and reliable work. The physical nature of the operation of the ram is such that the fluid pressure is used to overcome the load (including friction) and the fluid flow is used to maintain the velocity of movement. The hydraulic actuating cylinder uses hydraulic pressure as an actuating mechanism of a normal retraction power source, and is an indispensable hydraulic actuating member for realizing a preset function by mechanisms such as an undercarriage, a front guard plate, a main guard plate, a speed reducing plate and the like. For aircraft hydraulic systems, rams are an indispensable important hydraulic accessory. The hydraulic cylinder consists of cylinder barrel, cylinder cover, piston rod, lining, rubber sealing device, buffering device and exhaust device. One end of the supporting rod is connected with the cylinder body, the other end of the supporting rod penetrates through the middle hole of the emergency piston to be connected with the driving piston, and the cover and the lining cylinder are assembled through vacuum electron beam welding. The piston of the single-rod hydraulic cylinder is provided with a piston rod at one end, and the piston is provided with two forms of cylinder body fixing and piston rod fixing. But they all have a range of table movement that is approximately twice the effective stroke of the piston. The piston of a common single-acting cylinder can only move in one direction under the action of hydraulic pressure and then returns under the action of a spring. Pressure oil enters from the left oil port, oil pressure acts on the end face of the piston, and the piston is forced to move rightwards; when the piston moves, air in the right spring chamber is discharged through the ventilation small hole, and the spring is pressed; when the oil pressure acting on the piston releases the pressure and is less than the tension of the compression spring, the spring stretches and pushes the piston to move leftwards; because of the left movement of the piston, left Bian Qiangshi oil is forced out of the oil port while air enters the spring chamber through the vent hole. Single-acting actuators are commonly used as brake actuators and are controlled by a three-way valve. When braking, hydraulic oil forces the piston to extend to press the brake disc together to implement braking. When the pedal is released, the spring returns the piston to release the brake.

The two-way single-rod type actuating cylinder is also called as a two-way unbalanced actuating cylinder, the effective working areas of the left side and the right side of the piston under the hydraulic action are unequal, and when the oil pressure is equal, the driving force generated by the actuating cylinder along the two directions is unequal. And when the input flow rates at the two ends of the actuator cylinder are the same, the reciprocating movement speeds of the pistons are different, and the extending speed of the pistons is smaller than the retracting speed of the pistons. The bidirectional actuating cylinder can make reciprocating motion by utilizing the oil liquid pushing component. When high-pressure oil enters the actuating cylinder from the left joint, the piston with the rod moves rightwards under the hydraulic action, and oil in the right cavity of the actuating cylinder flows back to the oil tank from the right joint; if the high-pressure oil enters the actuator cylinder from the right joint, the movement direction of the piston with the rod is opposite to that described above. Bidirectional single-rod rams are commonly used where different drive forces are required in two directions. Such forms of rams are commonly employed, for example, in landing gear retraction systems. In the process of folding the landing gear, a larger transmission force is needed when folding due to the action of gravity and air power; in the process of putting down the undercarriage, the undercarriage is pushed by gravity, so that a large transmission force is not needed, and a bidirectional single-rod type actuator is usually adopted as the undercarriage retraction actuator. When the landing gear is retracted, the pressure oil is led to one side of the large area of the piston of the actuating cylinder, so that a larger transmission force is obtained, and the landing gear is ensured to be retracted rapidly. When the landing gear is put down, the pressure oil is led to one side of the small area of the piston of the actuating cylinder, and the flow rate of the pressure oil is controlled by the flow-limiting one-way valve so as to prevent the landing gear from being collided due to the overslamming speed and the overgreat speed. When the hydraulic cylinder drags the load with larger mass and higher speed, a buffer device is generally arranged in the hydraulic cylinder, and a buffer loop is also arranged in a hydraulic transmission system if necessary, so as to avoid the hydraulic cylinder from being damaged due to overlarge mechanical collision at the stroke end. The principle of buffering is that when the piston is close to the stroke end relative to the cylinder barrel, enough buffering pressure is generated in the oil discharging cavity, namely oil return resistance is increased, so that the movement speed of the cylinder is reduced, and the piston is prevented from directly colliding with the cylinder cover at high speed. The device can be divided into a cylindrical annular gap type buffer device, a conical annular gap type buffer device and an adjustable flow hole type buffer device.

In the application scene that the retraction load is larger or the retraction speed is faster, the piston rod of the hydraulic actuator cylinder can directly collide with the bottom to generate larger impact load and even influence the structural strength of an airplane, so that a buffer mechanism is required to be arranged at the tail end of the actuator cylinder to reduce the movement speed of the tail end of the piston rod, and when the conventional tail end buffer mechanism of the actuator cylinder and a mechanical lock are positioned in the same cavity, the mechanical lock is difficult to lock due to high pressure of the buffer cavity, and hidden danger of untimely locking exists. But also: 1. the movable rod of the actuator cylinder is slow in movement, and the sealing device of the actuator cylinder damages oil leakage, so that the amount of oil entering the actuator cylinder to push the piston to move is reduced. If the rubber ring on the piston is damaged, high-pressure oil in the working cavity can leak to the non-working cavity, so that the working pressure is reduced, the counter pressure is increased, and the piston rod is retarded in movement. If the inner wall of the outer cylinder is scratched locally or the local friction force of the actuating cylinder is increased, the movement speed of the piston rod is uneven or intermittent; if improperly assembled, the piston rod may also be retarded. 2. The steel ball lock of the actuating cylinder is inflexible in unlocking and locking, mainly due to poor sealing of the actuating cylinder or overlarge friction force of a piston, and also possibly due to inflexible movement of the steel ball in a steel ball hole or inflexible movement of parts such as a conical piston and the like, and even impossible to lock. 3. The locking of the steel ball lock is not firm, and the general reasons are as follows: the steel ball hole and the locking groove are worn and bumped, so that the moving gap of the steel ball lock is overlarge. Because the clearance is too big, when the piston rod receives external force, the steel ball lock bears very big striking load, easily takes off the lock voluntarily, even will lock the top and break. In addition, the steel ball locks are tired or nuts for fixing the springs are loosened, so that the tension of the springs is reduced, and the locking is not firm. 4. The failure of the cylinder is mainly due to the damage of the sealing device, the outer cylinder and the piston (or the conical piston). The working failure of the actuating cylinder with the steel ball lock is mainly caused by the damage of the steel ball, the steel ball hole, the locking groove (or the locking ring) and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides the double-end buffer scheme of the actuator cylinder, which has the advantages that the structure is simple, the functions of double-end buffer, upper lock and emergency release of an integrated stroke can be realized, the effective isolation of an emergency medium and a normal working medium and the emergency unlocking and extending out of the double-end buffer scheme of the actuator cylinder can be realized, and the hidden trouble that a conventional buffer mechanism of the actuator cylinder and a mechanical lock mechanism are positioned in the same cavity and the locking process is unreliable is solved.

The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: a bi-directional single rod ram double ended buffer comprising: the outer cylinder 3 with left and right oil port connectors, a hollow piston rod 9 which pushes a piston to reciprocate by oil in a cylinder working cavity of the outer cylinder 3, a baffle ring of a ring constraint buffer bushing 8 is manufactured on a rod body of the piston rod 9, a buffer spring 7 which is constrained in a spring cavity 15 between the end face of the piston and the buffer bushing 8, the piston rod 9 is rigidly connected with a piston cylinder and an upper lock mechanism which is driven by the piston cylinder, and a fixed rod emergency tube 18 which is fixedly connected on a back end cylinder body of a retraction end outer cylinder of the piston cylinder is characterized in that: the end rod buffer spring 12 is restrained in the rod end spring cavity 13 of the piston rod 9 by the end ring sealing buffer lining cylinder 10 of the end ring of the fixed rod emergency pipe barrel 18, and the working cavity of the outer barrel 3 is divided into a hydraulic cavity 20 and a retraction cavity 19 by the piston barrel; high-pressure oil enters a piston cavity through a hydraulic oil port connector 2, a piston rod 9 is pushed to extend out, a locking clamping block 4 embedded into a lock hole on the annular surface of a piston cylinder is driven to move beyond a conical locking surface on the inner wall of the outer cylinder and to move towards the tail end of the outer cylinder, the buffer bush 8 contacts the tail end of the outer cylinder, the piston cylinder compresses a buffer spring 7 restrained by the buffer bush 8 and moves rightwards, the high-pressure oil in a spring cavity 15 is extruded from an extending throttling circular seam 14 formed between the piston rod 9 and the buffer bush 8, the high-pressure oil is extruded to a retracting cavity 19 and flows through an oil return tank pipeline of the oil port connector 11, and the buffer bush 8 utilizes the throttling circular seam with the extending tail end of the piston rod 9 to extrude oil to generate damping force, so that the extending tail end is buffered; conversely, hydraulic oil enters the retraction cavity 19 of the actuator from the retraction oil port joint 11, the piston rod 9 is retracted to the tail end of the hydraulic cavity against load, the hollow inner cavity of the piston rod 9 compresses the end rod buffer spring 12 to move left until the buffer lining barrel 10 is axially limited by the fixed rod emergency tube 18 on the rear end cylinder body of the outer cylinder, the piston rod 9 continues to retract to squeeze the hydraulic oil in the rod end spring cavity 13 into the hydraulic cavity 20 through the retraction throttling annular gap 16 formed between the piston rod 9 and the buffer lining barrel 10 to generate damping force, oil returns through the hydraulic oil port joint 2, the retraction tail end buffer is realized, meanwhile, the built-in locking lining barrel 6 of the upper locking mechanism radially presses the locking clamping block 4 into the conical locking surface on the inner wall of the outer cylinder to lock the piston rod, and the piston rod is locked.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following gain effects:

the invention adopts an integrated double-end buffer, upper lock and emergency release function actuating cylinder structure. The upper locking fixture block of the piston cylinder of the piston rod, the upper locking mechanism formed by the bottom return spring, the upper buffer lining, the rod end buffer spring and the upper tail end buffer mechanism formed by the piston rod are reliably integrated on the actuating cylinder, a circular seam is designed between the upper locking mechanism and a cavity where the upper tail end buffer mechanism is located, the upper locking reliability is prevented from being influenced by high pressure of the buffer cavity, meanwhile, the emergency medium cavity formed by the emergency tube of the fixing rod on the outer cylinder and the buffer lining can be effectively isolated from normal working medium, the emergency medium pushes the buffer lining to move to sequentially realize emergency unlocking and emergency extension, the hidden danger that the conventional actuating cylinder buffer mechanism and the lock mechanism are located in the same cavity is effectively solved, and the reliable emergency unlocking and actuating functions are realized.

The upper lock mechanism adopted by the invention has the advantages of large bearing capacity, large contact area, stable stress and extremely firm and reliable stress. When the piston rod is acted by external force, the locking clamping block moves to the conical lock ring of the outer cylinder annular cavity to push the locking clamping block to push the locking lining cylinder step cylinder to outwards extrude the lock ring to lock, the piston rod is locked, unlocking and locking are flexible, and the upper locking mechanism is not easy to automatically unlock.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a bi-directional single rod ram double ended buffer;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a bi-directional single rod ram double ended damper piston rod extending from an intermediate position;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a bi-directional single rod ram double ended damper piston rod extending from a limit position;

in the figure: the hydraulic oil port connector comprises an emergency pipe port 1, a hydraulic oil port connector 2, an outer cylinder 3, a locking clamping block 4, a return spring 5, a locking lining barrel 6, a buffer spring 7, a buffer bushing 8, a piston rod 9, a buffer lining barrel 10, a retraction oil port connector 11, an end rod buffer spring 12, a rod end spring cavity 13, an extension throttling annular gap 14, a spring cavity 15, a retraction throttling annular gap 16, an emergency pipeline 17, a fixed rod emergency pipe barrel 18, a retraction cavity 19 and a hydraulic cavity 20.

The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples, without thereby restricting the invention to the scope of the examples. All such concepts should be considered as being generic to the disclosure herein and to the scope of the invention.

Detailed Description

See fig. 1. In the preferred embodiments described below, a bi-directional single rod ram double ended buffer device comprises: the outer cylinder 3 with left and right oil port connectors, a hollow piston rod 9 which pushes a piston to reciprocate by oil in a cylinder working cavity of the outer cylinder 3, a baffle ring of a ring constraint buffer bushing 8 is manufactured on a rod body of the piston rod 9, a buffer spring 7 which is constrained in a spring cavity 15 between the end face of the piston and the buffer bushing 8, the piston rod 9 is rigidly connected with a piston cylinder and an upper lock mechanism which is driven by the piston cylinder, and a fixed rod emergency tube 18 which is fixedly connected on a back end cylinder body of a retraction end outer cylinder of the piston cylinder is characterized in that: the end rod buffer spring 12 is restrained in the rod end spring cavity 13 of the piston rod 9 by the end ring sealing buffer lining cylinder 10 of the end ring of the fixed rod emergency pipe barrel 18, and the working cavity of the outer barrel 3 is divided into a hydraulic cavity 20 and a retraction cavity 19 by the piston barrel; high-pressure oil enters a piston cavity through a hydraulic oil port connector 2, a piston rod 9 is pushed to extend out, a locking clamping block 4 embedded into a lock hole on the annular surface of a piston cylinder is driven to move beyond a conical locking surface on the inner wall of the outer cylinder and to move towards the tail end of the outer cylinder, the buffer bush 8 contacts the tail end of the outer cylinder, the piston cylinder compresses a buffer spring 7 restrained by the buffer bush 8 and moves rightwards, the high-pressure oil in a spring cavity 15 is extruded from an extending throttling circular seam 14 formed between the piston rod 9 and the buffer bush 8, the high-pressure oil is extruded to a retracting cavity 19 and flows through an oil return tank pipeline of the oil port connector 11, and the buffer bush 8 utilizes the throttling circular seam with the extending tail end of the piston rod 9 to extrude oil to generate damping force, so that the extending tail end is buffered; conversely, hydraulic oil enters the retraction cavity 19 of the actuator from the retraction oil port joint 11, the piston rod 9 is retracted to the tail end of the hydraulic cavity against load, the hollow inner cavity of the piston rod 9 compresses the end rod buffer spring 12 to move left until the buffer lining barrel 10 is axially limited by the fixed rod emergency tube 18 on the rear end cylinder body of the outer cylinder, the piston rod 9 continues to retract to squeeze the hydraulic oil in the rod end spring cavity 13 into the hydraulic cavity 20 through the retraction throttling annular gap 16 formed between the piston rod 9 and the buffer lining barrel 10 to generate damping force, oil returns through the hydraulic oil port joint 2, the retraction tail end buffer is realized, meanwhile, the built-in locking lining barrel 6 of the upper locking mechanism radially presses the locking clamping block 4 into the conical locking surface on the inner wall of the outer cylinder to lock the piston rod, and the piston rod is locked.

In an alternative embodiment described below:

the piston rod 9, which is ring-sealed at one end of the outer cylinder 3 cylinder, protrudes outside the cylinder through the cylinder end hole, wherein the hollow space forms a spring buffer chamber for the rod buffer spring 12 via the assembled buffer bushing 10.

Further, the emergency pipe orifice 1 fixed at the bottom end of the outer cylinder pushes the fixing rod emergency pipe barrel 18 sealed by the end-to-end ring to the bottom end of the buffer lining cylinder 10 through the buffer lining cylinder 10.

The upper lock mechanism includes: the piston cylinder cavity ring seals the locking lining cylinder 6, the bottom end reset spring 5 restrained between the annular cylinder ring groove in the step hole of the locking lining cylinder 6 and the inner side end surface of the piston cylinder is restrained, the locking clamping blocks 4 which are telescopically slid in the locking grooves are uniformly distributed on the radial annular surface of the piston cylinder, the piston cylinder ring seals the locking lining cylinder 6, the inner hole wall at the end of the locking lining cylinder 6 is restrained to reset the buffer spring 5, and the tail end cylinder of the piston rod 9 is sealed through the inner hole convex ring.

Further, the step hole end face of the rear end of the locking lining 6 restrains the buffer lining 10 assembled in the hollow cavity of the piston rod 9, and the step ring of the tail tube of the buffer lining 10 restrains between the step hole end face of the locking lining 6 and the hole ring end face of the bottom of the piston tube to form a movement cavity of the buffer lining 10.

The high-pressure oil enters the hydraulic cavity 20 from the left hydraulic oil port connector 2, the hydraulic cavity high-pressure oil hydraulic force pushes the locking lining cylinder 6 to move rightwards, the compression reset spring bullet 5 moves rightwards, the locking clamping block 4 slides into a circular seam formed by the sinking necking from the circular conical surface of the outer circular surface of the locking lining cylinder 6, radially contracts inwards under the action of the conical inclined surface, withdraws from the conical locking surface of the inner wall of the outer cylinder, is separated from the conical groove locking surface of the inner wall of the outer cylinder 3 to unlock, and the piston rod 9 of the actuating cylinder moves rightwards to extend.

Further, high-pressure oil reversely enters the buffer cavity from the retraction oil port connector 11, the piston rod 9 is retracted to push the locking clamping block 4 to move to the conical locking surface position of the inner wall of the outer cylinder, the spring force of the reset spring 5 drives the locking lining cylinder 6 to move leftwards, the locking clamping block 4 sleeved on the locking hole of the piston cylinder is radially outwards stretched, the locking clamping block 4 protrudes out of the locking groove of the locking hole of the piston cylinder, the outer ring surface of the locking lining cylinder 6 is used for restraining the locking clamping block 4 from being contracted to realize mechanical locking, and the piston rod 9 is locked at the retraction extreme position.

During emergency unlocking, high-pressure oil or other high-pressure emergency media enter an emergency pipeline 17 through an emergency pipe orifice 1 through a fixed rod emergency pipe barrel 18, the high-pressure emergency media push the buffer lining barrel 10 to move rightwards, the left end ring of the buffer lining barrel 10 drives the lock lining barrel 6 to move rightwards, the lock clamping blocks 4 slide into annular gaps formed by sinking necking from the conical surface of the outer annular surface of the lock lining barrel 6, retract radially inwards under the action of the conical inclined surface, withdraw from the conical locking surface of the inner wall of the outer barrel, separate from the conical groove locking surface of the inner wall of the outer barrel 3, unlock the upper locking mechanism, and continuously drive the piston rod 9 to extend out against load emergency by the buffer lining barrel 10.

Further, the buffer lining cylinder 10 is sealed by the ring, the emergency medium and the normal working medium are isolated by the end ring of the emergency tube 18 of the fixed rod, and effective isolation of the emergency medium and the normal working medium is realized.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, and other technical solutions may be obtained according to the embodiments of the present invention without performing any inventive effort, and equivalent changes made within the scope of the protection of the present invention should fall within the scope of the protection of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A bi-directional single rod ram double ended buffer comprising: the outer cylinder (3) with the left and right side oil port connectors is characterized in that a hollow piston rod (9) which utilizes oil to push a piston to reciprocate in a cylinder working cavity of the outer cylinder (3) and a baffle ring of a ring constraint buffer bushing (8) are manufactured on a piston rod body of the piston rod (9), a buffer spring (7) which is constrained in a spring cavity (15) between the end face of the piston and the buffer bushing (8) is rigidly connected with a piston cylinder and an upper lock mechanism which is driven by the piston cylinder, and a fixed rod emergency tube (18) which is fixedly connected with a cylinder body at the rear end of the outer cylinder at the retraction end of the piston cylinder is characterized in that: an end ring outer ring sealing buffer lining cylinder (10) of the fixed rod emergency pipe cylinder (18) restrains an end rod buffer spring (12) in a rod end spring cavity (13) of the piston rod (9), and the piston cylinder divides a working cavity of the outer cylinder (3) into a hydraulic cavity (20) and a retraction cavity (19); high-pressure oil enters a piston cavity through a hydraulic oil port connector (2), a piston rod (9) is pushed to extend out, a locking clamping block (4) embedded into a lock hole on the annular surface of a piston cylinder is driven to move beyond a conical locking surface of the inner wall of the outer cylinder and to move towards the tail end of the outer cylinder to reach the bottom of the outer cylinder (3), a buffer bushing (8) contacts the bottom of the tail end of the outer cylinder, the piston cylinder extrudes a buffer spring (7) constrained by the buffer bushing (8) to be compressed and pushed rightwards, the high-pressure oil in a spring cavity (15) is extruded to a retraction cavity (19) from an extending throttling annular gap (14) formed between the piston rod (9) and the buffer bushing (8), and an oil return tank pipeline passing through the oil port connector (11) extrudes oil by utilizing the throttling annular gap at the extending tail end of the piston rod (9) to generate damping force, so that the extending tail end is buffered; conversely, hydraulic oil enters a retraction cavity (19) of the actuator cylinder from a retraction oil port connector (11), a piston rod (9) is retracted to the tail end of the hydraulic cavity against load retraction, a compression end rod buffer spring (12) in the hollow inner cavity of the piston rod (9) moves leftwards until a buffer lining cylinder (10) is axially limited by a fixed rod emergency tube (18) on the rear end cylinder body of the outer cylinder, the piston rod (9) continues to retract, hydraulic oil in a rod end spring cavity (13) is extruded into a hydraulic cavity (20) through a retraction throttling annular seam (16) formed between the piston rod (9) and the buffer lining cylinder (10) to generate damping force, oil returns through the hydraulic oil port connector (2) to realize retraction end buffering, and meanwhile, an upper lock mechanism embeds an upper lock lining cylinder (6) to extrude an upper lock clamping block (4) in the radial direction to enter a conical lock surface on the inner wall of the outer cylinder to lock the piston rod.

2. The bi-directional single rod ram double ended buffer of claim 1 wherein: a piston rod (9) which is sealed at one end of the cylinder of the outer cylinder (3) in a ring way extends out of the cylinder body through a cylinder end hole, wherein the hollow cavity forms a spring buffer cavity for restraining the end rod buffer spring (12) through an assembled buffer lining (10).

3. The bi-directional single rod ram double ended buffer of claim 1 wherein: the emergency pipe orifice (1) fixed at the bottom end of the outer cylinder pushes the fixing rod emergency pipe barrel (18) sealed by the end-to-end ring to the bottom end of the buffer lining barrel (10) through the buffer lining barrel (10).

4. The bi-directional single rod ram double ended buffer of claim 1 wherein: the upper lock mechanism includes: the piston cylinder cavity ring seals the locking lining cylinder (6), the bottom return spring (5) between the annular cylinder ring groove in the step hole of the locking lining cylinder (6) and the inner side end surface of the piston cylinder is restrained, the locking clamping blocks (4) which stretch and slide in the locking grooves are uniformly distributed on the radial annular surface of the piston cylinder are restrained, the piston cylinder ring seals the locking lining cylinder (6), the end of the locking lining cylinder (6) is restrained to the inner hole wall to return the return spring (5), and the tail end cylinder of the piston rod (9) is sealed through the inner hole convex ring.

5. A bi-directional single rod ram double ended buffer as in claim 3 wherein: the end face of the step hole at the rear end of the locking lining cylinder (6) is restrained and assembled with a buffer lining cylinder (10) in the hollow cavity of the piston rod (9), and the step ring of the tail cylinder of the buffer lining cylinder (10) is restrained between the end face of the step hole of the locking lining cylinder (6) and the end face of the hole ring at the bottom of the piston cylinder to form a movement cavity of the buffer lining cylinder (10).

6. The bi-directional single rod ram double ended buffer of claim 1 wherein: the high-pressure oil enters the hydraulic cavity (20) from the left hydraulic oil port connector (2), the hydraulic cavity (20) hydraulically pushes the locking lining cylinder (6) to move rightwards, the compression return spring (5) moves rightwards, the locking clamping block (4) slides into a circular seam formed by the sinking necking from the outer annular conical surface of the locking lining cylinder (6), radially contracts inwards under the action of the conical inclined surface, withdraws from the conical locking surface of the inner wall of the outer cylinder, is separated from the conical groove locking surface of the inner wall of the outer cylinder (3) to unlock, and the piston rod (9) of the actuating cylinder moves rightwards to extend.

7. The bi-directional single rod ram double ended buffer of claim 4 wherein: the high-pressure oil reversely enters the retraction cavity (19) from the retraction oil port connector (11), the piston rod (9) is retracted, the locking clamping block (4) is pushed to move to the conical locking surface position of the inner wall of the outer cylinder, the spring force of the reset spring (5) drives the locking lining cylinder (6) to move left, the locking clamping block (4) sleeved on the locking hole of the piston cylinder is radially outwards stretched, the locking clamping block (4) protrudes out of the locking hole clamping groove of the piston cylinder, the outer ring surface of the locking lining cylinder (6) is used for restraining the locking clamping block (4) from being capable of being retracted to realize mechanical locking, and the piston rod (9) is locked at the retraction extreme position.

8. The bi-directional single rod ram double ended buffer of claim 1 wherein: during emergency unlocking, high-pressure oil or other high-pressure emergency media enter an emergency pipeline (17) through an emergency pipe orifice (1) through a fixed rod emergency pipe barrel (18), the high-pressure emergency media push a buffer lining barrel (10) to move rightwards, a left end ring of the buffer lining barrel (10) drives a locking lining barrel (6) to move rightwards, a locking clamping block (4) slides into a circular seam formed by sinking and necking from an outer circular conical surface of the locking lining barrel (6), radially contracts inwards under the action of a conical inclined surface, withdraws from a conical locking surface of the inner wall of the outer cylinder, breaks away from a conical groove locking surface of the inner wall of the outer cylinder (3), and unlocks an upper locking mechanism, and the buffer lining barrel (10) continuously drives a piston rod (9) to overcome load emergency extension.

9. The bi-directional single rod ram double ended buffer of claim 1 wherein: the buffer lining cylinder (10) is sealed by the ring, the emergency medium and the normal working medium are isolated by the end ring of the fixed rod emergency tube (18), and the effective isolation of the emergency medium and the normal working medium is realized.