CN1176375A - Improved heat exchanger for high temperatures - Google Patents
Improved heat exchanger for high temperatures Download PDFInfo
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- CN1176375A CN1176375A CN 96121918 CN96121918A CN1176375A CN 1176375 A CN1176375 A CN 1176375A CN 96121918 CN96121918 CN 96121918 CN 96121918 A CN96121918 A CN 96121918A CN 1176375 A CN1176375 A CN 1176375A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/0229—Double end plates; Single end plates with hollow spaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/0075—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for syngas or cracked gas cooling systems
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a heat exchanger which can achieve a more uniform temperature gradient in each part during normal operation or after an unexpected power outage. Clogging of the process gas tube interior is also reduced. The inside of the outer shell of the heat exchanger can be insulated with a flow of cooling medium. An auxiliary cooling medium cavity is arranged in the double-layer bottom tube plate. The process gas tube is enclosed at the top in a shielded chamber and has a shroud at the bottom. The cooling medium flow directly enters the cooling chamber of the double-layer bottom tube plate and then flows to the top of the heat exchanger. And when the main blower stops due to power failure, the auxiliary blower can still continuously send the cooling medium into the heat exchanger.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of heat exchanger that is used in high temperature especially.In particular, the present invention relates to a kind of heat exchanger, this heat exchanger can be used in the carbon black industry that will run into high temperature.This heat exchanger combines some advantages, helps in heat exchanger forming the even temperature gradient, and fusing that can averting a calamity property when unforeseeable power failure takes place.
Heat exchanger generally is by utilization the heat that is produced in the basic industries production process of heat exchanger to be housed, and air or other gas are preheating to higher temperature.A kind of particular type of heat exchanger is the heat exchanger between gas and the gas, and the technology waste gas that it utilizes combustion fuel or other materials to produce is preheating to higher temperature with air or other gas, for use in industrial other aspects.Adopt this mode to reclaim the heat of technology waste gas, can conserve energy, otherwise these heats just will enter atmosphere and be wasted.
Usually, heat exchanger all is designed for specific temperature range.The temperature of the course of work has determined employed material type in heat exchanger structure, and the concrete orientation that is combined in each member in the heat exchanger.Generally, the operating temperature of carbon black industry is quite high, so employed heat exchanger will have special design feature in the carbon black industry.In the technical process of making carbon black, a kind of liquid charging stock is sprayed onto in the reactor that is placed on the thermal-flame, make the raw material cracking, and produce the very tiny solid carbon black track producing particle in the waste gas that is dispersed in reactor.Then, with cloth envelop collector the tiny solids that these are mixed in the waste gas are separated from the waste gas of reactor.But cloth envelop collector can not bear the operating temperature that carbon black raw material is cracked into solids.Must be cooled to the temperature that cloth envelop collector can be accepted so contain the waste gas of reactor of the carbon black solids of dispersion.Generally, the temperature of the gas that reactor produced is between 1100-1200 ℃.Therefore, must utilize the cooling medium in the heat exchanger that the temperature of the process gas that is produced is lowered, this cooling medium can store the heat energy that is contained in the above-mentioned process gas.Then, this cooling medium is in the original place or transport to other places and remove to reclaim heat energy.
Generally, heat exchanger is to arrange like this, that is, above-mentioned process gas upwards flows, and by a cylindrical circular housing of integral body of heat exchanger, has arranged one group of pipe along longitudinal axis in this housing.Above-mentioned process gas flows through these pipes that medium surrounded that is cooled.So heat just from the wall of above-mentioned process gas by above-mentioned vertical pipe, is passed to round pipe and is passed the cooling medium that the length direction of heat exchanger circulates.The top of above-mentioned these pipes all is connected with tube sheet with the bottom, and above-mentioned tube sheet holds and fix the end of these pipes, and is used as the inside that isolates the heat exchanger that comprises cooling medium, the dividing plate of ambient atmosphere and process gas with above-mentioned housing.Between the cooling segment of the reactor of cracking stock and heat exchanger, form the bottom tube sheet at interface, just be exposed under the environment that temperature is the highest and heat reduces at most.In order to cool off top specifically noted tube sheet and the heat exchanger in this scope, various inventions were once proposed, comprising the U.S. Patent No. 4,585,057 of authorizing the horse Bouguer on April 29th, 1986 and August 17 nineteen ninety-five disclosed German patent specification DE4404068C1.The horse Bouguer discloses a kind of tube sheet import that is used for cooling heat exchanger, and this heat exchanger has near the cooling chamber that is arranged on specially the tube sheet that many inlet tubes pass.
Other heat exchanger of the prior art, it is worthy of note especially by guest sunset Fan Niya state, the heat exchanger that the U.S. Shack company in Pittsburgh city makes, the heat exchanger made from the SHG company in Kassel, Germany state, they have all used double wall or dual bottom tube sheet, and this tube sheet leaves the space for cooling medium in the middle of the member of supporting cooling tube.SHG company has then adopted many parallel oval pipes to make the bottom tube sheet that the cooling pipe is equipped with in the inside.
The cooling particular importance of bottom tube sheet because high-temperature technology gas will impact this member, and be it should be noted that and will be impacted on the weld seam between cooling pipe and the tube sheet most, causes fatigue failure at this place and breaks.But when the equipment of making usefulness ran into beyond thought outage or has a power failure, the most normal generation was catastrophic cracking.The present invention is specially adapted to tackle this situation, but it also can be used in a kind of contactor that is contained in the heat exchanger bottom in some cooling means.Said above that process gas was normally come from the reactor conveying that is positioned at the heat exchanger upstream, in normal operation, it upwards flows, and passes heat exchanger.So compare with the top of heat exchanger, the temperature of its bottom is much higher.Development along with the high temperature process method, particularly in carbon black industry, be used to keep operating temperature, it remained on be applied in interior various special material and the cooling means of scope that the weld seam between structural material and the various hardware can bear, just increasing.But, in the prior art, be not to come by above-mentioned heat exchanger with liquid medium exactly, to carry out the transmission of heat with gas medium.In the tube sheet of the bottom of double-deck pipe, above-mentioned cooling medium also flows through the space of the centre of double bottom, for this privileged site provides special cooling.In the cease operation of predesignating, the flow of process gas reduces gradually, stops fully at last flowing, and heat exchanger then can be cooled to the temperature same with surrounding environment under the state that cooling medium still continues to flow.Temperature is stably descended gradually, particularly in the bottom of heat exchanger apparatus.
Variously make that pump that cooling medium flows through heat exchanger apparatus or drive unit are general all to be linked to be an integral body with power system or other dynamical systems of factory.When the operation of manufacturing equipment or supply of electric power are unexpectedly ended suddenly, cooling medium flow will with stop to produce process gas and interrupt simultaneously.Yet the remaining process gas that is present in when power breakdown in reactor and the heat exchanger but still is closed in reactor and heat exchanger inside.Because cooling medium ended to flow to the cooling medium space, reactor and heat exchanger just are enclosed in the residue process gas that has entered fully, because of its heat heats gradually, make the temperature of entire equipment be elevated to the operating temperature of process gas soon.This temperature is higher than when designing heat exchanger widely to the desired temperature of construction material.For the weld seam that is between cooling pipe and the bottom tube sheet, the effect of this heating is dangerous more.In case heat exchanger is heated to the degree of the strength degree that reaches construction material in these process gas, breaking of the weld seam between pipe and tube sheet will make process gas and cooling medium mix.If above-mentioned cooling medium is air or other combustion-supporting media, contain the process gas of various flammable hydrocarbons and the unexpected mixing between these cooling mediums that can help the compound burning so, catastrophic destruction will be caused, all fire and blast will be caused usually.But also will cause the nonvolatil damage of heat exchanger.
Because the carbon black solids that had in the process gas, can cause the fault of inner obstruction of heat exchanger and so on for a long time in the heat exchanger inside deposition.This obstruction both can cause the accident independently, also can link together with catastrophic failure described above, and still, modal is the accident that causes owing to the variation at the privileged site chilling temperature of heat exchanger structure.
Therefore, this technical field also lacks a kind of heat exchanger so far, and this heat exchanger had both had the thermograde of very uniform distribution, even also have under the situation about having a power failure that meets accident suddenly, still can keep the frame mode of normal thermograde, thereby avoid the catastrophic accident of heat exchanger.
The invention discloses a kind of improved heat exchanger, this heat exchanger has adopted a series of devices to reach the inner more uniform temperature gradient of heat exchanger body, also provide simultaneously a kind of after unexpected outage in order to keep the device of heat exchanger temperature inside gradient, with the globality of maintenance heat exchanger structure.In addition, the present invention has also reduced the inside obstruction of the pipe of adorning process gas and being entrained in the carbon black solids in this gas.
The invention provides a kind of heat exchanger, it has a shell body, and the most handy a kind of fire prevention or heat-insulating material are enclosed one deck heat insulation layer on the inner surface of this shell body.Perhaps, also can allow one movably cooling medium stream flow through the wall of above-mentioned housing.Above-mentioned housing is generally cylindrical, and inside the total length longitudinally along it is equipped with many process gas pipes.These pipes are all surrounded by a cooling medium chamber basically, and this chamber guided flows along the outer surface of above-mentioned process gas pipe, so that give above-mentioned cooling medium with the thermal energy transfer of this process gas tube interior.The top of above-mentioned process gas and bottom suitably link together with erecting device or tube sheet.Its inside be located to hold and be fixed on to above-mentioned erecting device can to the top of the close pipe of process gas pipe and bottom.Above-mentioned tube sheet also further surrounds by the formed cooling medium chamber of shell body.
Bottom tube sheet itself is made of a top and a bottom, and this top and bottom surround an auxiliary cooling medium space, and these tops, bottom and cooling medium space have formed the so-called double bottom tube sheet of this technical field.Be provided with the device into cooling medium inlet and outlet usefulness in this double bottom tube sheet, outlet wherein communicates with the cooling medium chamber of heat exchanger usually, becomes as a whole.
Above-mentioned process gas pipe all is installed in the top of top or upper tube sheet, but all adopt a kind of expansion joint to be fixed on above it usually, this expansion joint can allow between above-mentioned process gas pipe and the above-mentioned top tube sheet, in the sealing relationship that keeps between the structure, relative motion takes place.Above-mentioned expansion joint all is enclosed in one usually by surrounding above-mentioned expansion joint and forming basically in the formed screened room of cover on top of process gas pipe.This screened room can be used for part process gas pipe, also can be used for whole process gas pipes, but preferably is used in those on the pipe of close cooling medium inlet, and these pipes are usually placed in the top of above-mentioned cooling medium chamber.
Equally, be preferably in that above-mentioned process gas pipe passes, and a cover or sleeve pipe are also fixed in the bottom that is received and is fixed on the double bottom tube sheet of the inside.Be different from instruction of the prior art, employed sleeve pipe passes completely through above-mentioned double bottom tube sheet basically among the present invention, makes that a part of process gas pipe that is exposed to cooling medium in this double bottom tube sheet is covered by it fully.The shielding of above-mentioned process gas pipeline and the thermal insulation of above-mentioned housing are done as a wholely, help keeping one uniformly at each section of heat exchanger, the thermograde that gradually changes.
This heat exchanger has also utilized one and has promoted the servicing unit that cooling medium flows through above-mentioned double bottom tube sheet and whole heat exchanger.For this preferred cooling medium of air, this thrust unit generally is an air blast.The flow direction that this auxiliary blower is arranged to cross with the cooling medium normal flow this heat exchanger is consistent, and does not hinder the proper flow of cooling medium.Under normal duty, flowing of cooling medium generally is to arrange like this, promptly, overwhelming majority cooling medium is at the import inflow heat exchanger at top, then, by means of the deflection plate in the cooling medium chamber that is contained in heat exchanger, flow through the main body of heat exchanger downwards circuitously, again by the outlet in heat exchanger longitudinal length bottom, outflow heat exchanger.The slip-stream of one normal cooling medium stream has different directions, and it flows directly in the cooling chamber of double bottom tube sheet.Then, these cooling mediums flow through one from the double bottom tube sheet to be arranged along longitudinal axis in heat exchanger, and parallel with the process gas pipe, also passes the pipe of heat exchanger total length.This root pipe communicates with the cooling medium chamber of double bottom tube sheet, can allow cooling medium upwards flow from the double bottom tube sheet, basically the total length of the cooling medium chamber by whole heat exchanger.But this root cooling medium pipe does not lead on the top of top tube sheet, but the cooling medium chamber of cooling medium stream introducing heat exchanger, it and normal cooling medium stream is mixed.Under unexpected stopped status, the work of above-mentioned main blower has stopped, so a pressure sensitive valve cuts out, other parts of main blower and this equipment being separated, to prevent the cooling medium heat exchanger system that flows backwards.At this moment, be independent of main power source by another, preferably the auxiliary blower of powering with the replacement power supply of diesel-driven generator generating continues cooling medium is infeeded the double bottom tube sheet, and upwards flow through the cooling medium pipe, and then flow through the cooling medium chamber of whole heat exchanger.The setting of auxiliary blower and operation, and cooling medium is directed to cooling medium chamber by double bottom tube sheet and inflow heat exchanger, even when unexpected the power failure, also can make heat exchanger in its each section, keep normal thermograde.In so just can be in process gas remains in heat exchanger, make heat exchanger in acceptable temperature margin, keep the integrality of its structure.
Below, describe embodiments of the invention in detail with reference to accompanying drawing, other advantages of the present invention and characteristics will be understood more fully.In the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the side view of heat exchanger of the present invention partly cut-away, is installed in the schematic diagram of the cooling medium thrust unit on this heat exchanger among the figure in addition;
Fig. 2 is the side view of the partly cut-away of heat exchanger second embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the partial sectional view of heat exchanger the 3rd embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 A is the part enlarged drawing of the embodiment among Fig. 3;
Fig. 4 is the import of the heat exchanger among Fig. 3 and the sectional view of top tubesheet region.
See also Fig. 1 now, the heat exchanger among the figure has a shell body 15, and this shell body surrounds the whole inside of this heat exchanger 10.Above-mentioned housing 15 is used for the length upper support heat exchanger 10 in structure, and general rounded section both can be integrally-built, also can be segmental structure.Housing 15 closes the internals of heat exchanger 10 usually, and is that main cooling medium chamber 12 is determined horizontal border.Usually, heat exchanger all is installed in the top of plenum chamber, and is provided with the mounting flange 20 for linking together with plenum chamber, and forms the chamber of a sealing.Like this, heat exchanger 10 just can be admitted along the process gas of single direction by heat exchanger 10.Heat exchanger 10 is that the runner that passes the cooling medium of main cooling medium chamber 12 is provided with cooling medium outlet 25 and cooling medium inlet 30, and above-mentioned cooling medium is air normally.Main cooling medium chamber 12 is by shell body 15, and the space of top tube sheet 40 and the sealing of bottom tube sheet forms, and above-mentioned bottom tube sheet is double bottom tube sheet 35 preferably.Also be provided with outer mounting flange 45 on the heat exchanger 10, so that heat exchanger 10 is connected hermetically with a suitable process gas conveying device (not shown), make process gas enter a cloth envelop collector at last, the carbon black particle that is mixed in the process gas is removed.In main cooling medium chamber, be provided with a string dividing plate 50, with force cooling medium according to a winding raod line by main cooling medium chamber 12, so that maximally utilise the surface area of heat exchanger 10 inside that process gas can touch.The purpose of doing like this is to be convenient to heat is passed to cooling medium from process gas.
One group of process gas pipe 65 is in well-regulated parallel mode, longitudinally be installed in inside at housing 15, make the process gas pipe can allow process gas longitudinally pass heat exchanger 10 according to a more straight route, simultaneously, above-mentioned cooling medium is then soaking the outer surface by the process gas pipe 65 in the main cooling medium chamber 12 of being installed in of dividing plate 50 guiding.Process gas pipe 65 arranges according to a kind of like this mode,, when guaranteeing that reaching desired temperature to outlet from the import of heat exchanger 10 falls, makes the flow maximum of process gas that is.
Cooling medium is generally by in cooling medium inlet 30 inflow heat exchangers 10.Cooling medium inlet 30 provides a fluid passage between the cooling medium source of an outside and main cooling medium chamber 12.Most of cooling medium enters main cooling medium chamber by cooling medium inlet 30, and cross a series of dividing plates 50, so that maximally utilise the inner surface areas that contact with cooling medium of heat exchanger 10, make formation even temperature gradient between the inlet part of heat exchanger 10 and exit portion.
In using the embodiment of air as cooling medium, above-mentioned cooling medium is sent into cooling medium inlet 30 by means of main blower 95.In the embodiment that utilizes other fluids or liquid as cooling medium, then must select the known driving mechanism of the technology person of going into of this more suitable technical field.Main blower 95 by the main power source power supply and the driving of factory, can be sent continuous cooling medium stream into cooling medium inlet 30 usually easily.
One slip-stream by main blower output is introduced into bottom tube sheet cooling medium chamber 80 by bottom tube sheet import 85.Be provided with an auxiliary blower 100 on the pipeline between main blower 95 and the bottom tube sheet import 85, such auxiliary blower is set specially can't be placed obstacles to the cooling medium stream of bottom tube sheet import 85 from main blower 95.Auxiliary blower 100 must be powered by a power supply that is independent of the main power source of main blower, and specialized designs becomes when unexpected power outage takes place and can turn round continuously.Typically use a diesel generation machine equipment or a similar prime mover, even and when preferably heat exchanger runs well, also in running under the normal operation condition.Also can use the known generating equipment of any these those skilled in the art.This equipment comprises the energy and the natural energy source of various storages, for example solar generator or wind turbine generator.In a preferred embodiment, special requirement, when unexpected or the accident of shutting off power in emergency take place, when perhaps main blower 95 stop supplies cooling mediums flowed, the cooling medium stream that enters double bottom tube sheet cooling medium chamber 80 can not postpone or interrupt.Also be provided with auxiliary blower 100 in another embodiment, this air blast is to detect main blower 95 by a main blower wind pressure sensor 105 to stop to export after the cooling medium, by this main blower wind pressure sensor 105 auxiliary blower is started, produce cooling medium stream by auxiliary blower 100.In another embodiment, when detecting main blower, main blower wind pressure sensor 105 do not carry cooling medium when stream, it just closes cooling medium inlet valve 110, prevents that cooling medium from case of emergency passing through the backflow leakage of idle part in the cooling medium glide path.
No matter be normally or under the urgent duty, main blower 95 and the output of auxiliary blower 100 gangs, the perhaps independent cooling medium of output of auxiliary blower, all enter bottom tube sheet import 85, this import is communicated with main blower 95 and auxiliary blower 100 with bottom tube sheet cooling medium chamber 80.Bottom tube sheet cooling medium chamber 80 is also directly provided extra cooling by those parts that high-temperature technology gas impacts for process gas pipe 65 for the process gas pipe that the is in double bottom tube sheet 65 inside 65 minimum parts of being surrounded by pipe box 148 provide cooling medium.Above-mentioned cooling medium is forced to pass through lower tube plate exit 90 from bottom tube sheet cooling medium chamber 80, and cooling medium carrier pipe 55 is led in this outlet 90.Cooling medium carrier pipe 55 is as the pipeline that is communicated with between bottom tube sheet cooling medium chamber 80 and the main cooling medium chamber 12.Cooling medium carrier pipe 55 is arranged to parallel with process gas pipe 65, and along the central axis longitudinal extension of housing 15.Enter the cooling medium of cooling medium carrier pipe 55 from bottom tube sheet cooling medium chamber 80, at the top of main cooling medium chamber 12 by discharging near carrier pipe outlet 60 by the surface of the topmost of top tube sheet 40 formed main cooling medium chambers 12.
For forming the even temperature gradient, the coldest part that will avoid the high-temperature technology gas in the process gas pipe directly to impact the cooling medium in the main cooling medium chamber 12.Equally, also to avoid just having entered the direct impact process gas of the colder cooling medium pipe 65 of main cooling medium chamber 12, also will 3 describe in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings below this point at cooling medium inlet 30 places.The result, above-mentioned cooling medium of coming by 55 conveyings of cooling medium carrier pipe from bottom tube sheet cooling medium chamber 80, in the normal course of work, but be used to make the lower cooling medium of temperature that has just entered in the heat exchanger 10 by cooling medium inlet 30 to heat up.
See also Fig. 2, the figure shows another embodiment that makes cooling medium enter main cooling medium chamber 12.But, must particularly point out, the embodiment shown in the embodiment among Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 and 4 is as the embodiment that can replace mutually with the embodiment among Fig. 1.In addition, all members among these three embodiment can be combined by any way, so that utilize the whole or various member among these three embodiment to form a heat exchanger.
Please consult Fig. 2 again, heat exchanger 10 also has a housing 15.Housing 15 surrounds a main cooling medium chamber 12, forms the top tube sheet 40 and the bottom tube sheet 35 in addition of this chamber 12.Dividing plate 50 also is to be used for guiding the cooling medium that enters main cooling medium chamber 12 to advance along a winding raod line, increases the heat transfer surface area between cooling medium and the process gas pipe 65 as far as possible.In the present embodiment, cooling medium inlet 30A is arranged on the bottom of housing 15, and the cooling medium outlet is not expression in the drawings then.With Fig. 1 described in the same, cooling medium enters by cooling medium inlet 30A, but, but be to enter a cooling medium inlet air compartment 112 that surrounds main cooling medium chamber 12, rather than directly enter main cooling medium chamber 12 from cooling medium inlet 30A.In the present embodiment, housing 15 is made up of two housing walls, that is, outer shell walls 115 and inner casing body wall 120, this two bulkheads partition distance forms cooling medium inlet air compartment 112.Cooling medium inlet air compartment 112 extends along the whole length of housing 15 basically, and can allow cooling medium flow from cooling medium inlet 30A around main cooling medium chamber 12, upwards flows between outer shell walls 115 and inner casing body wall 120.Then, cooling medium passes main cooling medium chamber import 123 and enters main cooling medium chamber 12, after this, the effect of cooling medium just with Fig. 1 described in identical.The effect of above-mentioned cooling medium inlet air compartment 112 is to form compulsory cooling insulation barrier between the atmosphere on every side of main cooling medium chamber 12 outside heat exchanger 10.So just reduced main cooling medium chamber 12 and as the temperature difference between the outer shell walls 115 of the supporting member of whole heat exchanger 10.This structure can reduce structural member and produce fatigue and cracking in the course of the work, again can be for entering the cooling medium heating of main cooling medium chamber 12.This structure has also reduced the direct impact of quite cold cooling medium for the process gas pipe 65 of close top tube sheet 40, thereby has reduced the tendency that process gas pipe 65 inside crack.
Please see Figure 3 now, represented employing refractory material or other heat-insulating materials the 3rd embodiment among the figure as case insulation 125.This layer case insulation 125 is with a kind of process gas pipe 65 that compares passive mode in heat, main cooling medium chamber 12, and play a role in insulation between heat exchanger 10 atmosphere outside, will cooling medium inlet 30 in the structure of this embodiment be arranged on the top of main cooling medium chamber 12.
As shown in Figure 3, with an expansion joint 130 they are coupled together between process gas pipe 65 and top tube sheet 40, making can have relative motion between the two.Owing between the various members of heat exchanger, comprise the different thermal expansion of process gas pipe 65 and housing 15, between other parts of process gas pipe 65 and heat exchanger relative motion can take place so must allow.Equally, also to illustrate have the certain operations state also to make and between each root process gas pipe 65, be necessary to adopt above-mentioned expansion joint below.Should particularly point out, in each embodiment, can adopt expansion joint, and in fact, be preferential the employing when making the application's various heat exchanger.
A cover 135 that is installed near the process gas pipe around process gas pipe 65 topmosts has formed process gas pipe chamber 140 around process gas pipe 65 topmosts.The border of above-mentioned process gas pipe chamber 140 is not that the cover 135 by the process gas pipe forms, but form by top tube sheet 40 and top spacer 50A.The effect of process gas pipe chamber 140 be between the pipe 65 of heat and cooling medium 12 as adiabatic barrier, will illustrate below this point.
, have some process gas pipes 65 and break down by in the process of process gas pipe 65 at process gas.When raw material burns in reactor, in process gas, have the byproduct of some oils and do not pass through heat exchanger 10 with the carbon black solids through the raw material that reacts.In addition, water Quench in the reaction of raw material also makes steam sneak in the process gas as a kind of composition.When the process gas band be entrained in the inside the carbon black solids when the process gas pipe 65, any unexpected temperature descends and all will make steam and oil plant in the process gas partly condense.Then, the liquid that condenses will stick on the inner surface of process gas pipe 65, and will become bonding agent and continue adhere to oil plant and the carbon black solids that are included in the process gas.After after a while, these materials will be piled up on the inwall of process gas pipe 65.The material of this accumulation becomes a kind of trap of heat for the process gas that is passed through, further aggravated the temperature difference that original meeting cracks.Through after a while, process gas pipe 65 will be stopped up fully again, has cut off flowing of process gas.At this moment, the temperature of this whole process gas pipe 65 will be reduced to the temperature that is significantly less than contiguous process gas pipe 65, further destroy the gradient of even temperature orderly that heat exchanger will reach in normal operation.Therefore, not only very press for the minimizing fouling, but also press for the condition of getting rid of the main cause-temperature difference that causes local scaling.Process gas pipe chamber 140 in embodiment illustrated in fig. 3 is to avoid local temperature basis jumpy.
Please consult Fig. 3 and process gas pipe chamber 140 in detail, when process gas pipe 65 is subjected to colder cooling medium and directly impacts, need shield these process gas pipes 65 with this chamber 140 especially.Above-mentioned process gas pipe chamber 140 both can be used on whole process gas pipes 65 of heat exchanger 10, also can only be used on a part of process gas pipe 65 that needs its contiguous cooling medium inlet 30 places.Arrange howsoever, the effect of process gas pipe chamber 140 all is to make to have the thermograde of even transition more between the process gas pipe 65 of comparative heat and the cooling medium on every side.
See also Fig. 3 and 3A,, also adopted sleeve pipe 145 in the bottom of process gas pipe 65 based on same idea.Sleeve pipe 145 in double bottom tube sheet 35, be arranged in contiguous process gas pipe 65 bottoms around.Perhaps, also can in the clearance space between sleeve pipe 145 and the process gas pipe 65, insert ceramic packing 147.Above-mentioned sleeve pipe 145 is with ceramic packing 147, caused thermodynamic barrier at the process gas of heat with between a section of the bottom of process gas pipe 65, so that process gas pipe 65 keeps lower temperature, and can bear mechanical load with the joint of double bottom tube sheet 35.Sleeve pipe and ceramic packing can be used on those process gas pipes 65 of adjacent bottom tube sheet import 85 selectively, but, preferably all process gas 65 all use, because, compare with the cooling medium in the tube sheet of bottom, all are in the temperature of the process gas pipe 65 in the tube sheet cooling medium chamber of bottom all than higher.This structure has formed the multiple tracks thermodynamic barrier between the process gas of heat and the cooling medium in the double tube sheet, can distinguish and cool off upper plate 75 and lower shoe 70 effectively.
Now, see also Fig. 4, wherein more detailed, more specifically represented the top of the main cooling medium chamber 12 of the embodiment 3 among Fig. 3.Cooling medium carrier pipe 55 is the pipelines that cooling medium upwards are transported to the top of main cooling medium chamber 12 from bottom tube sheet cooling medium chamber 80.Carrier pipe air compartment baffle 153 is arranged between top tube sheet 40 and the most of main cooling medium chamber 12, forms a local dividing plate of carrier pipe air compartment 150.Many holes that allow process gas pipe 65 pass through are arranged on carrier pipe air compartment baffle 153.The size in these holes is all big a little, forms the gas outlet 155 of carrier pipe air compartment around each process gas pipe 65.So just can allow cooling medium flow into main cooling medium chamber 12, shown in the arrow among Fig. 4 from carrier pipe air compartment 150.From Fig. 4, it can also be seen that, upwards will be distributed in the whole carrier pipe air compartment 150 by the cooling medium behind the cooling medium carrier pipe 55, and then flow through the gas outlet 155 of carrier pipe air compartment, mix with the cooling medium that enters main cooling medium chamber 12 by cooling medium inlet 30.Said above that this design can for heating on the top of process gas pipe 65, be stopped up to reduce very near the more warm cooling medium of space formation of cooling medium inlet 30.
Though described several embodiments of the present invention for top, should be well understood to, the present invention is not subjected to the restriction of these embodiment, but is included in the scope of claims.
Claims (133)
1. heat exchanger with following parts:
A shell body;
One in above-mentioned housing, have the cooling medium inlet that passes above-mentioned housing and the cooling medium chamber of outlet;
At least one process gas pipe that passes above-mentioned cooling medium chamber, make in above-mentioned cooling medium chamber cooling medium and be between the process gas in the above-mentioned at least one process gas pipe and can carry out the transmission of heat energy;
It is characterized in that above-mentioned heat exchanger also comprises following each several part:
A) bottom of a cooling medium chamber, it is installed in the position that enters above-mentioned cooling medium chamber near above-mentioned at least one process gas pipe;
B) auxiliary cooling medium chamber that is located at above-mentioned cooling medium cavity bottom the inside;
C) be used for above-mentioned cooling medium is delivered into the main cooling medium thrust unit of above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium chamber;
D) be used for above-mentioned cooling medium is sent into auxiliary cooling medium thrust unit in the above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium chamber, this device can be sent cooling medium into above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium chamber when above-mentioned main cooling medium thrust unit is idle;
E) be used for above-mentioned cooling medium is sent into from above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium chamber the communication apparatus of above-mentioned cooling medium chamber;
F) be installed in above-mentioned shell body place, in order to reduce the adiabatic apparatus that is delivered to the heat that above-mentioned shell body gets on from above-mentioned cooling medium chamber;
G) be installed near the cover device at least a portion of above-mentioned at least one process gas pipe, at above-mentioned at least one process gas pipe, the chamber of a process gas pipe that is formed by above-mentioned cover device is with form thermodynamic barrier between the above-mentioned cooling medium of above-mentioned at least one process gas pipe and above-mentioned cover device.
2. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, above-mentioned cooling medium cavity bottom also is included in a upper plate and lower plate that forms above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium chamber in the above-mentioned housing.
3. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, it also comprises the heat-insulating material attached to above-mentioned enclosure interior and above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium chamber outside.
4. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, it comprises that also one leads to the outlet that above-mentioned hull outside provides a fluid passage for above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium chamber.
5. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, it also comprises one for lead to the cooling medium inlet that above-mentioned cooling medium chamber provides a fluid passage from above-mentioned hull outside.
6. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that above-mentioned cooling medium inlet is fixed on the above-mentioned housing.
7. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, above-mentioned cooling medium chamber is arranged near above-mentioned cooling medium cavity bottom place.
8. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, above-mentioned at least one process gas pipe is mounted to and passes above-mentioned cooling medium cavity bottom.
9. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned cooling medium cavity bottom also comprises a upper plate and a lower plate, this two boards forms auxiliary cooling medium chamber in above-mentioned housing, and above-mentioned at least one process gas pipe passes above-mentioned upper plate, lower plate and auxiliary cooling medium chamber.
10. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, above-mentioned at least one process gas pipe also has a horn mouth that allows the process gas pipe enter.
11. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that, above-mentioned horn mouth is fixed in the above-mentioned lower plate.
12. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, it also comprises a near pipe box that is installed in the above-mentioned at least one process gas pipe and is spaced from distance in above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium chamber.
13. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, it also comprises a near pipe box that is installed in the above-mentioned at least one process gas pipe and is spaced from distance in above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium chamber.
14. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that, the aforementioned tube cover is securely fixed on the above-mentioned upper and lower plate, and above-mentioned at least one process gas pipe is securely fixed near on the lower plate of above-mentioned pipe box.
15. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, it also comprises a sleeve pipe that is installed in the above-mentioned at least one process gas pipe.
16. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 15, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned at least one process gas pipe passes above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium chamber, and above-mentioned sleeve pipe is fixed in the above-mentioned at least one process gas pipe at the position near above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium chamber.
17. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 15 is characterized in that, forms a space between above-mentioned at least one process gas pipe and the sleeve pipe of said fixing in this pipe.
18. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 17 is characterized in that, fills up a kind of heat-insulating material in the above-mentioned space.
19. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 18 is characterized in that, above-mentioned heat-insulating material is a pottery.
20. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, above-mentioned at least one process gas pipe also comprises a horn mouth in order to allow process gas enter.
21. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, above-mentionedly is used to allow cooling medium also comprise a carrier pipe that extends between the two from the fluid passage that above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium chamber flows into above-mentioned cooling medium chamber.
22. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 21 is characterized in that, above-mentioned carrier pipe is installed in above-mentioned cooling medium cavity bottom.
23. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 22, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned cooling medium chamber also comprises a bottom and a top, above-mentioned bottom and top form above-mentioned cooling medium chamber with above-mentioned shell body, above-mentioned carrier pipe extends to the position at the top that is close to above-mentioned cooling medium chamber from above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium chamber along axis direction in above-mentioned shell body, but with this top partition distance.
24. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 21 is characterized in that, it also comprises an import that is used to make the external communications of above-mentioned cooling medium chamber and above-mentioned shell body.
25. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 24 is characterized in that, above-mentioned carrier pipe extends to top that is close to above-mentioned cooling medium chamber and the position that is close to above-mentioned import.
26. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 24 is characterized in that, it also comprises a top near above-mentioned cooling medium chamber, and at the cooling medium chamber air compartment of this chamber interior.
27. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 26 is characterized in that, above-mentioned carrier pipe extends to above-mentioned cooling medium chamber air compartment from above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium chamber.
28. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 26 is characterized in that, above-mentioned import be installed in above-mentioned cooling medium chamber air compartment near.
29. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 26 is characterized in that, above-mentioned import communicates with above-mentioned cooling medium chamber air compartment.
30. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 29 is characterized in that, above-mentioned import is installed near the above-mentioned cooling medium chamber air compartment, and communicates with it.
31. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, above-mentioned main cooling medium thrust unit is by a prime mover driven.
32. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, above-mentioned main cooling medium thrust unit is an air blast.
33. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium thrust unit is moving by prime mover body.
34. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium thrust unit is an air blast.
35. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, above-mentioned main cooling medium thrust unit is powered by a main power source.
36. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 35 is characterized in that, above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium thrust unit is not another accessory power supply power supply of above-mentioned main power source by one.
37. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 36 is characterized in that, above-mentioned accessory power supply comprises at least one the generator with the fuel generating, or the power supply of a storage, or a natural energy source, or a solar energy, or a wind energy.
38. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium thrust unit puts into operation after above-mentioned main cooling medium thrust unit quits work immediately.
39. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium thrust unit also continuously moves at above-mentioned main cooling medium thrust unit duration of work.
40. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 39 is characterized in that, above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium thrust unit can make the energy of flow of fluid be promoted to carry out the transition in the clear by auxiliary cooling medium thrust unit by above-mentioned main cooling medium thrust unit and promote.
41. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, it comprises that also is used to detect the out-of-work sensor of above-mentioned main cooling medium thrust unit.
42. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 41 is characterized in that, above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium thrust unit puts into operation when above-mentioned main cooling medium thrust unit quits work being detected by the sensor.
43. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, it also comprises and being used for above-mentioned main cooling medium thrust unit and the isolated valve of above-mentioned cooling medium chamber, makes that flowing through the cooling medium stream that comes from above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium thrust unit only enters above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium chamber.
44. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 43 is characterized in that, above-mentioned valve starts when a sensor that is installed on the main cooling medium thrust unit detects this thrust unit and quits work.
45. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned adiabatic apparatus also comprises a cooling medium inlet air compartment, and above-mentioned air compartment can allow cooling medium stream communicate by the import that above-mentioned import flows into above-mentioned cooling medium chamber from the outside of shell body with one.
46. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 45 is characterized in that, above-mentioned shell body also has a stifled outer wall and a stifled inwall, and forms a space between this two bulkhead.
47. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 46 is characterized in that, above-mentioned space comprises above-mentioned cooling medium inlet air compartment.
48. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 45 is characterized in that, above-mentioned import is installed near above-mentioned cooling medium cavity bottom place.
49. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 48 is characterized in that, the above-mentioned fluid passage that communicates with the cooling medium chamber is at the place, bottom near above-mentioned cooling medium chamber.
50. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 49 is characterized in that, above-mentioned cooling medium flows through above-mentioned cooling medium chamber along the total length of above-mentioned shell body basically from above-mentioned import.
51. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, above-mentioned adiabatic apparatus comprises a kind of solid heat-insulating material that is fixed on the above-mentioned shell body.
52. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 51 is characterized in that, above-mentioned solid heat-insulating material is fixed on the total length of above-mentioned shell body basically.
53. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, it also comprises a cooling medium chamber roof, and above-mentioned cover is fixed on this top, and stretching out all around along above-mentioned at least one process gas pipe from this top.
54. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 53 is characterized in that, above-mentioned cover forms on a chamber of above-mentioned process gas pipe chamber at least.
55. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 54 is characterized in that, it also comprises a series of dividing plates, and these dividing plates are installed in the inside of above-mentioned cooling medium chamber, are spaced a distance d from one another, and makes above-mentioned cooling medium flow through these dividing plates with on-rectilinear movement.
56. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 55, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned process gas pipe chamber is by above-mentioned cooling medium chamber roof, and one is installed near above-mentioned cooling medium chamber roof the highest dividing plate, and the above-mentioned cover that extends between the two is formed.
57. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 56 is characterized in that, it also comprises a cooling medium chamber air compartment that is installed in the above-mentioned cooling medium chamber, and above-mentioned cooling medium chamber air compartment surrounds above-mentioned process gas pipe chamber at least in part.
58. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 57 is characterized in that, above-mentioned process gas pipe chamber is installed in the place of the one wall certain distance that leaves above-mentioned cooling medium chamber air compartment, makes can communicate between the two.
59. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 53 is characterized in that, it comprises that also one is installed on above-mentioned at least one process gas pipe and the above-mentioned cooling medium chamber roof, the expansion joint that can move, and making can have relative motion between the two.
60. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 59 is characterized in that, above-mentioned expansion joint is installed in the above-mentioned process gas pipe chamber.
61. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, it also comprises and being installed on above-mentioned at least one process gas pipe and the above-mentioned cooling medium chamber roof, the expansion joint that can move, and making can have relative motion between the two.
62. heat exchanger with following parts:
A shell body;
One in above-mentioned housing, have the cooling medium inlet that passes above-mentioned housing and the cooling medium chamber of outlet;
At least one process gas pipe that passes above-mentioned cooling medium chamber, make in above-mentioned cooling medium chamber cooling medium and be between the process gas in the above-mentioned at least one process gas pipe and can carry out the transmission of heat energy;
It is characterized in that above-mentioned heat exchanger also comprises following each several part:
A) bottom of a cooling medium chamber, it is installed in the position that enters above-mentioned cooling medium chamber near above-mentioned at least one process gas pipe;
B) auxiliary cooling medium chamber that is located at above-mentioned cooling medium cavity bottom the inside;
C) be used for above-mentioned cooling medium is delivered into the main cooling medium thrust unit of above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium chamber;
D) be used for above-mentioned cooling medium is sent into auxiliary cooling medium thrust unit in the above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium chamber, this device can be sent cooling medium into above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium chamber when above-mentioned main cooling medium thrust unit is idle;
E) be used for above-mentioned cooling medium is sent into from above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium chamber the communication apparatus of above-mentioned cooling medium chamber.
63. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 62 is characterized in that, above-mentioned cooling medium cavity bottom also comprises a upper plate and a lower plate, and this two boards forms above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium chamber in above-mentioned housing.
64., it is characterized in that it also comprises the heat-insulating material attached to above-mentioned enclosure interior and above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium chamber outside as the described heat exchanger of claim 63.
65., it is characterized in that it comprises that also is used to the outlet that above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium chamber is communicated with above-mentioned hull outside as the described heat exchanger of claim 63.
66. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 62 is characterized in that, it comprises that also is used to the cooling medium inlet that above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium chamber is communicated with above-mentioned hull outside.
67., it is characterized in that above-mentioned cooling medium inlet is fixed on the above-mentioned housing as the described heat exchanger of claim 66.
68., it is characterized in that above-mentioned cooling medium chamber is at close above-mentioned cooling medium cavity bottom place as the described heat exchanger of claim 66.
69. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 62 is characterized in that, above-mentioned at least one process gas pipe is mounted to and passes above-mentioned cooling medium cavity bottom.
70. as the described heat exchanger of claim 69, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned cooling medium cavity bottom also comprises a upper plate and a lower plate, this two boards forms above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium chamber in above-mentioned housing, and above-mentioned at least one process gas pipe passes above-mentioned upper plate, lower plate and auxiliary cooling medium chamber.
71., it is characterized in that above-mentioned at least one process gas pipe also comprises a horn mouth that can allow process gas enter as the described heat exchanger of claim 70.
72., it is characterized in that above-mentioned horn mouth is fixed on the above-mentioned lower plate as the described heat exchanger of claim 71.
73., it is characterized in that it also comprises a near pipe box that is installed in the above-mentioned at least one process gas pipe and is spaced from distance as the described heat exchanger of claim 69 in above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium chamber.
74., it is characterized in that it also comprises a near pipe box that is installed in the above-mentioned at least one process gas pipe and is spaced from distance as the described heat exchanger of claim 70 in above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium chamber.
75., it is characterized in that the aforementioned tube cover is securely fixed on the above-mentioned upper and lower plate as the described heat exchanger of claim 74, and above-mentioned at least one process gas pipe is securely fixed near on the lower plate of above-mentioned pipe box.
76. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 62 is characterized in that, above-mentioned at least one process gas pipe also has a horn mouth that can allow process gas enter.
77. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 62 is characterized in that, above-mentionedly is used to make cooling medium also to comprise a Delivery tube of extending from the fluid passage that above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium chamber flows into above-mentioned cooling medium chamber between these two chambers.
78., it is characterized in that above-mentioned Delivery tube is installed in above-mentioned cooling medium cavity bottom as the described heat exchanger of claim 77.
79. as the described heat exchanger of claim 78, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned cooling medium chamber also comprises a bottom and a top, above-mentioned bottom and top form above-mentioned cooling medium chamber with above-mentioned shell body, above-mentioned carrier pipe extends to the position at the top that is close to above-mentioned cooling medium chamber from above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium chamber along axis direction in above-mentioned shell body, but with this top partition distance.
80., it is characterized in that it also comprises an import that is used to make the external communications of above-mentioned cooling medium chamber and above-mentioned shell body as the described heat exchanger of claim 77.
81., it is characterized in that above-mentioned carrier pipe extends to top that is close to above-mentioned cooling medium chamber and the position that is close to above-mentioned import as the described heat exchanger of claim 80.
82., it is characterized in that it also comprises a top near above-mentioned cooling medium chamber as the described heat exchanger of claim 80, and at the cooling medium chamber air compartment of this chamber interior.
83., it is characterized in that above-mentioned carrier pipe extends to above-mentioned cooling medium chamber air compartment from above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium chamber as the described heat exchanger of claim 82.
84. as the described heat exchanger of claim 82, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned import be installed in above-mentioned cooling medium chamber air compartment near.
85., it is characterized in that above-mentioned import communicates with above-mentioned cooling medium chamber air compartment as the described heat exchanger of claim 82.
86., it is characterized in that above-mentioned import is installed near the above-mentioned cooling medium chamber air compartment as the described heat exchanger of claim 85, and communicate with it.
87. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 62 is characterized in that, above-mentioned main cooling medium thrust unit is by a prime mover driven.
88. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 62 is characterized in that, above-mentioned main cooling medium thrust unit is an air blast.
89. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 62 is characterized in that, above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium thrust unit is moving by prime mover body.
90. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 62 is characterized in that, above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium thrust unit is an air blast.
91. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 62 is characterized in that, above-mentioned main cooling medium thrust unit is powered by a main power source.
92., it is characterized in that above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium thrust unit is not another accessory power supply power supply of above-mentioned main power source by one as the described heat exchanger of claim 91.
93., it is characterized in that above-mentioned accessory power supply comprises at least one the generator with the fuel generating, or the power supply of a storage, or a natural energy source, or a solar energy, or a wind energy as the described heat exchanger of claim 92.
94. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 62 is characterized in that, above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium thrust unit puts into operation after above-mentioned main cooling medium thrust unit quits work immediately.
95. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 62 is characterized in that, above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium thrust unit also continuously moves at above-mentioned main cooling medium thrust unit duration of work.
96., it is characterized in that above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium thrust unit can make the energy of flow of fluid be promoted to carry out the transition in the clear by auxiliary cooling medium thrust unit by above-mentioned main cooling medium thrust unit and promote as the described heat exchanger of claim 95.
97. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 62 is characterized in that, it comprises that also is used to detect the out-of-work sensor of above-mentioned main cooling medium thrust unit.
98., it is characterized in that above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium thrust unit puts into operation when above-mentioned main cooling medium thrust unit quits work being detected by the sensor as the described heat exchanger of claim 97.
99. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 62, it is characterized in that, it also comprises and being used for above-mentioned main cooling medium thrust unit and the isolated valve of above-mentioned cooling medium chamber, makes that flowing through the cooling medium stream that comes from above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium thrust unit only enters above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium chamber.
100., it is characterized in that above-mentioned valve starts as the described heat exchanger of claim 99 when a sensor that is installed on the main cooling medium thrust unit detects this thrust unit and quits work.
101. heat exchanger with following parts:
A shell body;
One in above-mentioned housing, have the cooling medium inlet that passes above-mentioned housing and the cooling medium chamber of outlet;
At least one process gas pipe that passes above-mentioned cooling medium chamber, make in above-mentioned cooling medium chamber cooling medium and be between the process gas in the above-mentioned at least one process gas pipe and can carry out the transmission of heat energy;
It is characterized in that above-mentioned heat exchanger also comprises following each several part:
A) be installed in above-mentioned shell body place, in order to reduce the adiabatic apparatus that is delivered to the heat that above-mentioned shell body gets on from above-mentioned cooling medium chamber;
B) be installed near the cover device at least a portion of above-mentioned at least one process gas pipe, at above-mentioned at least one process gas pipe, the chamber of a process gas pipe that is formed by above-mentioned cover device is with form thermodynamic barrier between the above-mentioned cooling medium of above-mentioned at least one process gas pipe and above-mentioned cover device.
102., it is characterized in that it also comprises a sleeve pipe that is installed in the above-mentioned at least one process gas pipe as the described heat exchanger of claim 101.
103. as the described heat exchanger of claim 102, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned at least one process gas pipe passes above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium chamber, and above-mentioned sleeve pipe is fixed in the above-mentioned at least one process gas pipe at the position near above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium chamber.
104. as the described heat exchanger of claim 102, it is characterized in that, between above-mentioned at least one process gas pipe and the sleeve pipe of said fixing in this pipe, form a space.
105. as the described heat exchanger of claim 104, it is characterized in that, fill up a kind of heat-insulating material in the above-mentioned space.
106., it is characterized in that above-mentioned heat-insulating material is a pottery as the described heat exchanger of claim 105.
107., it is characterized in that above-mentioned at least one process gas pipe also comprises a horn mouth in order to allow process gas enter as the described heat exchanger of claim 101.
108. as the described heat exchanger of claim 101, it is characterized in that, above-mentionedly be used to allow cooling medium also comprise a carrier pipe that extends between the two from the fluid passage that above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium chamber flows into above-mentioned cooling medium chamber.
109., it is characterized in that above-mentioned carrier pipe is installed in above-mentioned cooling medium cavity bottom as the described heat exchanger of claim 108.
110. as the described heat exchanger of claim 109, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned cooling medium chamber also comprises a bottom and a top, above-mentioned bottom and top form above-mentioned cooling medium chamber with above-mentioned shell body, above-mentioned carrier pipe extends to the position at the top that is close to above-mentioned cooling medium chamber from above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium chamber along axis direction in above-mentioned shell body, but with this top partition distance.
111., it is characterized in that it also comprises an import that is used to make the external communications of above-mentioned cooling medium chamber and above-mentioned shell body as the described heat exchanger of claim 108.
112., it is characterized in that above-mentioned carrier pipe extends to top that is close to above-mentioned cooling medium chamber and the position that is close to above-mentioned import as the described heat exchanger of claim 111.
113., it is characterized in that it also comprises a top near above-mentioned cooling medium chamber as the described heat exchanger of claim 111, and at the cooling medium chamber air compartment of this chamber interior.
114., it is characterized in that above-mentioned carrier pipe extends to above-mentioned cooling medium chamber air compartment from above-mentioned auxiliary cooling medium chamber as the described heat exchanger of claim 113.
115. as the described heat exchanger of claim 115, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned import be installed in above-mentioned cooling medium chamber air compartment near.
116., it is characterized in that above-mentioned import communicates with above-mentioned cooling medium chamber air compartment as the described heat exchanger of claim 113.
117., it is characterized in that above-mentioned import is installed near the above-mentioned cooling medium chamber air compartment as the described heat exchanger of claim 116, and communicate with it.
118. as the described heat exchanger of claim 101, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned adiabatic apparatus also comprises a cooling medium inlet air compartment, and above-mentioned air compartment communicates with an import, can allow cooling medium stream flow into above-mentioned cooling medium chamber from the outside of shell body by above-mentioned import.
119., it is characterized in that above-mentioned shell body also has a stifled outer wall and a stifled inwall, and forms a space between this two bulkhead as the described heat exchanger of claim 118.
120., it is characterized in that above-mentioned space comprises above-mentioned cooling medium inlet air compartment as the described heat exchanger of claim 119.
121., it is characterized in that above-mentioned import is installed near above-mentioned cooling medium cavity bottom place as the described heat exchanger of claim 118.
122., it is characterized in that the above-mentioned fluid passage that communicates with the cooling medium chamber is at the place, bottom near above-mentioned cooling medium chamber as the described heat exchanger of claim 121.
123., it is characterized in that above-mentioned cooling medium flows through above-mentioned cooling medium chamber along the total length of above-mentioned shell body basically from above-mentioned import as the described heat exchanger of claim 122.
124., it is characterized in that above-mentioned adiabatic apparatus comprises a kind of solid heat-insulating material that is fixed on the above-mentioned shell body as the described heat exchanger of claim 101.
125., it is characterized in that above-mentioned solid heat-insulating material is fixed on the total length of above-mentioned shell body basically as the described heat exchanger of claim 125.
126., it is characterized in that it also comprises a cooling medium chamber roof as the described heat exchanger of claim 101, above-mentioned cover is fixed on this top, and stretching out all around along above-mentioned at least one process gas pipe from this top.
127., it is characterized in that above-mentioned cover forms at least as the described heat exchanger of claim 126 on a chamber of above-mentioned process gas pipe chamber.
128., it is characterized in that it also comprises a series of dividing plates as the described heat exchanger of claim 127, these dividing plates are installed in the inside of above-mentioned cooling medium chamber, are spaced a distance d from one another, and make above-mentioned cooling medium flow through these dividing plates with on-rectilinear movement.
129. as the described heat exchanger of claim 128, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned process gas pipe chamber is by above-mentioned cooling medium chamber roof, and one is installed near above-mentioned cooling medium chamber roof the highest dividing plate, and the above-mentioned cover that extends between the two.
130., it is characterized in that it also comprises a cooling medium chamber air compartment that is installed in the above-mentioned cooling medium chamber as the described heat exchanger of claim 129, above-mentioned cooling medium chamber air compartment surrounds above-mentioned process gas pipe chamber at least in part.
131., it is characterized in that above-mentioned process gas pipe chamber is installed in the place of the one wall certain distance that leaves above-mentioned cooling medium chamber air compartment as the described heat exchanger of claim 130, make to communicate between the two.
132., it is characterized in that it comprises that also one is installed on above-mentioned at least one process gas pipe and the above-mentioned cooling medium chamber roof as the described heat exchanger of claim 126, the expansion joint that can move, making can have relative motion between the two.
133., it is characterized in that above-mentioned expansion joint is installed in the above-mentioned process gas pipe chamber as the described heat exchanger of claim 132.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US56364495A | 1995-11-28 | 1995-11-28 | |
| US08/563,644 | 1995-11-28 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1176375A true CN1176375A (en) | 1998-03-18 |
Family
ID=24251351
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 96121918 Pending CN1176375A (en) | 1995-11-28 | 1996-11-28 | Improved heat exchanger for high temperatures |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0777098A3 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH09329393A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1176375A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2191379A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101013008B (en) * | 2006-02-03 | 2011-05-11 | 株式会社电装 | Heat exchanger |
| CN103292609A (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2013-09-11 | 湖北壮志石化设备科技有限公司 | Shell-tube air cooler |
| CN103776279A (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2014-05-07 | 昆山市三维换热器有限公司 | High-temperature smoke heat exchanger for urea pyrolytic process |
| CN104792198A (en) * | 2008-09-22 | 2015-07-22 | 埃克斯托姆公司 | Heat exchanger adapted for the production of carbon black |
| CN104895708A (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2015-09-09 | 雷振 | Fuel full combustion method and system |
| CN106461343A (en) * | 2014-04-09 | 2017-02-22 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Gas cooler |
| CN111630329A (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2020-09-04 | 江森自控科技公司 | System and method for low pressure condenser inlet baffles |
| CN115059479A (en) * | 2022-05-27 | 2022-09-16 | 上海市城市建设设计研究总院（集团）有限公司 | Double-layer pipeline shield tunnel prefabricated pipe piece capable of collecting geothermal energy |
| CN115493437A (en) * | 2022-10-26 | 2022-12-20 | 济南张夏供水换热设备有限公司 | Plate type heat pipe exchanger for utilizing high-temperature flue gas waste heat |
| CN115597347A (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2023-01-13 | 扬州工业职业技术学院（Cn） | A graphene heating device |
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| BRPI0515966B1 (en) * | 2004-10-12 | 2017-05-09 | Vibrosystm Inc | non-intrusive or not very intrusive method for detecting stator defects by temperature measurements |
| KR101434252B1 (en) * | 2006-04-12 | 2014-08-27 | 쉘 인터내셔날 리써취 마트샤피지 비.브이. | Hot Gas Cooling System and Cooling Method |
| ATE515673T1 (en) | 2007-11-21 | 2011-07-15 | Petroleum Oil And Gas Corp Of South Africa Pty Ltd | TUBE PLATE ARRANGEMENT |
| AT506334B1 (en) | 2008-01-22 | 2010-12-15 | Chemiefaser Lenzing Ag | METHOD FOR THE TREATMENT OF CELLULOSIC FORM BODIES |
| US8597384B2 (en) | 2009-09-25 | 2013-12-03 | General Electric Company | Gasification cooling system having seal |
| SE537215C2 (en) * | 2012-02-13 | 2015-03-03 | Aktiebolaget Ka Ekstroems & Son | Heat exchanger adapted for the production of carbon black |
| EP2881691A1 (en) | 2013-12-09 | 2015-06-10 | Balcke-Dürr GmbH | Heat exchanger with tube sheet and inserted sleeve |
| US9302205B1 (en) | 2014-10-14 | 2016-04-05 | Neptune-Benson, Llc | Multi-segmented tube sheet |
| US9303924B1 (en) | 2014-10-14 | 2016-04-05 | Neptune-Benson, Llc | Multi-segmented tube sheet |
| US9149742B1 (en) | 2014-10-14 | 2015-10-06 | Neptune-Benson, Llc | Multi-segmented tube sheet |
| US9581395B2 (en) | 2014-10-14 | 2017-02-28 | Neptune-Benson, Llc | Multi-segmented tube sheet |
| PL3786561T3 (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2023-04-24 | Orion Engineered Carbons Ip Gmbh & Co. Kg | Anti-fouling device for heat exchangers and its use |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3132691A (en) * | 1959-02-06 | 1964-05-12 | Babcock & Wilcox Co | Heat exchanger construction and thermal shield therefor |
| DE2008311C3 (en) * | 1970-02-23 | 1974-03-07 | Arbeitsgemeinschaft Lentjes-Rekuperator, 4000 Duesseldorf-Oberkassel | Heat exchanger |
| US4360057A (en) * | 1979-06-18 | 1982-11-23 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | High temperature abrasive resistant heat exchanger |
| US4585057A (en) * | 1982-09-30 | 1986-04-29 | Krw Energy Systems Inc. | Cooled tubesheet inlet for abrasive fluid heat exchanger |
| DE3715713C1 (en) * | 1987-05-12 | 1988-07-21 | Borsig Gmbh | Heat exchanger in particular for cooling cracked gases |
| DE4404068C1 (en) * | 1994-02-09 | 1995-08-17 | Wolfgang Engelhardt | Heat exchanger |
-
1996
- 1996-11-27 CA CA 2191379 patent/CA2191379A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-11-28 CN CN 96121918 patent/CN1176375A/en active Pending
- 1996-11-28 EP EP96308593A patent/EP0777098A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1996-11-28 JP JP35384096A patent/JPH09329393A/en active Pending
Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101013008B (en) * | 2006-02-03 | 2011-05-11 | 株式会社电装 | Heat exchanger |
| CN104792198A (en) * | 2008-09-22 | 2015-07-22 | 埃克斯托姆公司 | Heat exchanger adapted for the production of carbon black |
| CN103292609B (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2016-05-11 | 湖北壮志石化设备科技有限公司 | Shell-and-tube air cooler |
| CN103292609A (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2013-09-11 | 湖北壮志石化设备科技有限公司 | Shell-tube air cooler |
| CN103776279A (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2014-05-07 | 昆山市三维换热器有限公司 | High-temperature smoke heat exchanger for urea pyrolytic process |
| CN106461343A (en) * | 2014-04-09 | 2017-02-22 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Gas cooler |
| CN106461343B (en) * | 2014-04-09 | 2019-03-08 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Gas cooler |
| CN104895708A (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2015-09-09 | 雷振 | Fuel full combustion method and system |
| CN104895708B (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2017-06-30 | 雷振 | The method and system of full combustion of fuel |
| CN111630329A (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2020-09-04 | 江森自控科技公司 | System and method for low pressure condenser inlet baffles |
| CN111630329B (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2022-12-02 | 江森自控科技公司 | Heating, ventilating, air conditioning and refrigerating system, condenser and design method thereof |
| CN115059479A (en) * | 2022-05-27 | 2022-09-16 | 上海市城市建设设计研究总院（集团）有限公司 | Double-layer pipeline shield tunnel prefabricated pipe piece capable of collecting geothermal energy |
| CN115493437A (en) * | 2022-10-26 | 2022-12-20 | 济南张夏供水换热设备有限公司 | Plate type heat pipe exchanger for utilizing high-temperature flue gas waste heat |
| CN115493437B (en) * | 2022-10-26 | 2023-08-25 | 济南张夏供水换热设备有限公司 | Plate type heat pipe heat exchanger for high-temperature flue gas waste heat utilization |
| CN115597347A (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2023-01-13 | 扬州工业职业技术学院（Cn） | A graphene heating device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0777098A3 (en) | 1998-11-18 |
| EP0777098A2 (en) | 1997-06-04 |
| CA2191379A1 (en) | 1997-05-29 |
| JPH09329393A (en) | 1997-12-22 |
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