CN117600874A - A clamping tool and hyperboloid processing technology for support lining plate hyperboloid processing - Google Patents
A clamping tool and hyperboloid processing technology for support lining plate hyperboloid processing Download PDFInfo
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- CN117600874A CN117600874A CN202410019114.4A CN202410019114A CN117600874A CN 117600874 A CN117600874 A CN 117600874A CN 202410019114 A CN202410019114 A CN 202410019114A CN 117600874 A CN117600874 A CN 117600874A
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- hyperboloid
- lining plate
- axial connecting
- mandrel
- processing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/02—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
- B23Q3/06—Work-clamping means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of machining, and particularly relates to a hyperboloid support lining plate machining process and a clamping tool for machining corresponding hyperboloids. The hyperboloid is a curved surface formed by rotationally intersecting and overlapping circular arcs with the radius of R1 around the spherical center with the radius of R2, and R1 is not equal to R2. The invention comprises the steps of: milling four sides, milling a top surface, drilling a groove, drilling a process hole, turning a hyperboloid by a tool, finely turning the hyperboloid, and the like. The clamping tool used in the technical process comprises a mandrel, a first radial supporting mechanism and a second radial supporting mechanism which are sleeved on the mandrel, wherein a plurality of axial connecting plates are arranged between the first radial supporting mechanism and the second radial supporting mechanism, the axial connecting plates are distributed in a circumferential manner around the mandrel, and the bottom surface of a support lining plate is arranged on the axial connecting plates and is connected and positioned through bolts or clamped and positioned through pin shafts; the clamping tool is matched with the hyperboloid processing technology of the support lining plate, and has the characteristics of stable positioning, batch processing, consistent turning standard and good forming quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of machining, and particularly relates to a clamping tool for machining a hyperboloid of a support lining plate and a hyperboloid machining process.
Background
In recent years, along with the continuous development of bridge construction, a large number of wide auxiliary bridge decks appear in municipal bridges, highway bridges, urban rail transit and passenger special line railway bridges, and the bridges with wide transverse directions need to have certain rotation capability when the support is flexibly rotated along the bridge directions, so that the bridge ends are not excessively restrained when transversely deflected, the stress conditions of bridge parts and the support are improved, the durability of the support is improved, and the use diseases are reduced.
The existing spherical support has the universal rotation function and the same rotation performance in all directions, but the transverse bridge rotation angle of a general bridge is smaller than that of the parallel bridge, and the transverse bridge does not need to be too flexible, namely the transverse bridge can provide rotation, but has certain resistance. The hyperboloid steel support is specially designed with hyperboloid lining plates with different rotation radiuses in two directions, so that the problems that a bridge has a certain rotation capacity in the transverse direction, the vertical bearing stress state of the support is not influenced after the support transversely rotates, the transverse stability is kept in the erection process and the like are solved.
The key acting component of the hyperboloid steel support is a hyperboloid lining plate, and the curvature radiuses of the sliding curved surface of the hyperboloid steel support are different in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction (along the bridge direction and the transverse bridge direction). The machining of the hyperboloid support lining plate is mainly carried out by adopting numerical control milling, the existing numerical control milling machine lacks a positioning tool for effectively clamping the hyperboloid support lining plate, a large number of cutter connecting lines are generated between each layer in the milling process of a machine tool layer, the surface layer of the support lining plate is quite rough, and the quality of a finished product of the bridge support is affected. And the numerical control milling machine can only process one piece at a time, has low working efficiency and can not meet the requirement of mass production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hyperboloid processing technology of a support lining plate and a corresponding special clamping tool, so that the production of the hyperboloid lining plate has the characteristics of stable positioning, batch processing, consistent turning standard and good forming quality.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a clamping tool for hyperboloid processing of a support lining plate is characterized in that: the support comprises a mandrel, a first radial supporting mechanism and a second radial supporting mechanism which are sleeved on the mandrel, wherein a plurality of axial connecting plates are arranged between the first radial supporting mechanism and the second radial supporting mechanism, the axial connecting plates are distributed around the mandrel in a circumferential arrangement mode, and the bottom surface of a support lining plate is arranged on the axial connecting plates and is positioned through bolt connection or through pin shaft clamping.
The clamping tool for hyperboloid processing of the support lining plate is characterized by further comprising the following additional technical characteristics:
the two sides of the axial connecting plate are respectively provided with an inclined threaded hole, the inclined directions of the inclined threaded holes are opposite, and the inclined threaded holes are correspondingly connected with bolts arranged in the side gaps of the support lining plate;
the first radial supporting mechanism and the second radial supporting mechanism are positioning plates sleeved on the mandrel, the positioning plates are regular polygons, and the side edges of the positioning plates and the axial connecting plates are integrally formed or connected through bolts;
the first radial supporting mechanism and the second radial supporting mechanism are a plurality of concentric swinging rods sleeved on the mandrel, one end of each concentric swinging rod is a sleeved ring body, and the other end of each concentric swinging rod is inserted into a clamping hole of the axial connecting plate or is connected with the axial connecting plate through bolts;
the mandrel is provided with a plurality of reducing sections which are distributed symmetrically along the center and the diameter of which decreases from inside to outside.
Compared with the prior art, the clamping tool for hyperboloid processing of the support lining plate has the following advantages: the mandrel of the clamping tool is sleeved with the first radial supporting mechanism and the second radial supporting mechanism, a plurality of axial connecting plates are arranged between the first radial supporting mechanism and the second radial supporting mechanism, the support lining plates to be machined are positioned on the axial connecting plates through bolts or pin shafts, the axial connecting plates are uniformly distributed along the axis, the simultaneous turning and milling of a plurality of support lining plates on the same radial direction is realized, the position alignment and the positioning of the support lining plates on the axial connecting plates on the axial direction are realized, the simultaneous turning and milling of the same radial direction are realized, the hyperboloid machining standard is consistent, the clamping of the plurality of support lining plates is stable, the milling and forming are realized, the machining efficiency is remarkably improved, the use cost of a milling machine is reduced, and the clamping tool has the advantages of compact structure, convenience in operation and economy and durability.
The invention also provides a hyperboloid processing technology of the support lining plate, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, automatically positioning and fastening by adopting an electromagnetic chuck, and aligning and tool setting by taking four sides of a blank body of a support liner plate as rough positioning references;
milling four sides by adopting a milling machine, and setting the required spindle rotating speed, feeding speed and cutting depth;
milling top poles and edge slotted holes of the hyperboloid, programming a machining program according to the depth and the diameter of the required sliding plate slot, and setting the rotating speed and the cutting depth of the main shaft; setting the rotating speed, the feeding speed and the cutting depth of the main shaft according to the required depth and width of the seal groove;
step four, drilling fastening process holes, and setting the rotating speed and the feeding amount of the main shaft according to the hole depth;
step five, secondarily clamping, namely mounting a workpiece on the clamping tool according to claims 1 to 5, centering and tool setting by taking an outer circle as a radial fine positioning reference and an end face as an axial fine positioning reference;
turning the hyperboloid, programming a machining program according to the rotating radius and the arcing radius of the hyperboloid, and setting the rotating speed, the feeding speed and the cutting depth of the main shaft;
step seven, roughly turning the hyperboloid, programming a machining program according to the spherical radius, and setting semi-finish turning allowance, spindle rotating speed, feeding speed and cutting depth;
step eight, finely turning the hyperboloid, finely turning the spherical surface, and setting the machining linear speed, the feeding speed and the cutting depth according to the required spherical radius and the surface roughness; the surface roughness reaches the level of 0.2 μm.
Compared with the prior art, the hyperboloid processing technology of the support lining plate provided by the invention has the following advantages: compared with the traditional milling process, the milling process is replaced by turning process, and a processing program is required to be programmed in a three-dimensional space, but because the machine tool interpolation principle is to replace an arc line by a tiny straight line, the roughness of a processed surface is inevitably caused, and a special tool is adopted, the interpolation problem of the three-dimensional space is reduced to a two-dimensional space, so that the smoothness of the processed surface is greatly improved, and the milling process is lower than the milling process in the aspects of processing efficiency, machine tool cost, cutter cost and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a clamping tool for hyperboloid processing of a support liner plate;
fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the clamping tool;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of another radial support mechanism of the clamping tool;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a diameter-variable mandrel structure of the clamping tool;
fig. 5 is a block diagram (longitudinal and transverse direction contrast diagram) of a support using the hyperboloid processing technique.
Detailed Description
The clamping tool structure and the working principle of the hyperboloid processing of the support lining plate provided by the invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the terms "radial," "axial," and the like refer to an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, for convenience of description and to simplify the description, and do not denote or imply that the device or element in question must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.
It should be noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "disposed" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the clamping tool structure for hyperboloid processing of the support liner plate comprises a mandrel 1, a first radial supporting mechanism 201 and a second radial supporting mechanism 202 sleeved on the mandrel 1, wherein a plurality of axial connecting plates 3 are arranged between the mandrel 1 and the second radial supporting mechanism, the axial connecting plates 3 are distributed in a circumferential arrangement around the mandrel, and the bottom surface of the support liner plate a is arranged on the axial connecting plates 3 and is connected and positioned through bolts 4 or clamped and positioned through the pins.
The working principle is as follows: the mandrel 1 of the clamping tool is sleeved with a first radial supporting mechanism 201 and a second radial supporting mechanism 202, a plurality of axial connecting plates 3 are arranged between the first radial supporting mechanism and the second radial supporting mechanism, the axial connecting plates 3 are evenly distributed around the axis, when a support lining plate a to be processed is positioned on the connecting plates, the mandrel 1 is rotated to realize uniform radial radius milling, when the mandrel 1 moves axially, a plurality of support lining plates are subjected to uniform axial radius milling, the bottom surfaces of the support lining plates are positioned through bolting or through pin shaft clamping (pin holes matched with the pin shafts are formed in the mandrel 1), clamping and positioning are stable in the processing process, the support lining plates are subjected to simultaneous milling, hyperboloid standards are uniform, and forming quality is excellent.
It should be noted that, before the clamping tool is applied, the support liner a to be processed needs to be pre-processed, for example, the following steps: cutting by flame until the corresponding size is achieved, and reserving a margin of about 3mm on four sides; milling four sides: coarsely and finely milling on horizontal milling to the size of a finished product; milling the bottom surface and the groove: finish milling the bottom surface and the groove (for the bolt connecting axial connecting plate 3), milling the process hole and the like on a vertical mill;
in the clamping tool structure for forming the hyperboloid processing of the support lining plate,
in order to facilitate the quick and stable positioning of the support liner plate to be processed, the two sides of the axial connecting plate 3 are respectively provided with an inclined threaded hole 41 with opposite inclined directions, and the inclined threaded holes are correspondingly connected with bolts 4 arranged in side gaps 42 (pre-processed grooves) of the support liner plate a, namely, the bolts 4 pass through the lower edges of the side gaps 42 of the support liner plate a and are tightly fixed with the inclined threads on the axial connecting plate 3, and the bolts 4 positioned at the two sides of the support liner plate obliquely prop against the battens, so that displacement and looseness in the processing process are prevented, and the curved surface processing standard is ensured;
in an embodiment, the first radial supporting mechanism 201 and the second radial supporting mechanism 202 are positioning plates 21 sleeved on the mandrel 1, the positioning plates 21 are vertically arranged side by side and oppositely, the positioning plates 21 are regular polygons, one side edge can fix one end of the axial connecting plate 3, the side edge and the axial connecting plate 3 are integrally formed or connected through bolts, a detachable function is realized, and the axial connecting plates 3 with different lengths can be assembled in real time according to the lengths of support liners to be processed;
in another embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the first radial supporting mechanism 201 and the second radial supporting mechanism 202 are a plurality of concentric swing rods 22 sleeved on the mandrel 1, the axial connecting plates 3 are arranged between the concentric swing rods 22, the width of the axial connecting plates 3 is adaptively adjusted according to the curvature radius change of the processing support lining plate, the positioning of the connecting plates is realized through the change of the included angle of the concentric swing rods 22 at one end of the axial connecting plates 3, and meanwhile, the number of the plurality of axial connecting plates 3 encircling the mandrel is conveniently adjusted, in a specific structure, one end of each concentric swing rod 22 is a sleeved ring body 20, and the other end of each concentric swing rod 22 is inserted into a clamping hole of each axial connecting plate 3 to realize connection positioning, and as an equivalent replacement, the axial connecting plates 3 can also be connected with the concentric swing rods 22 through bolts 23, and holes need to be punched at the connecting positions;
as shown in fig. 4, preferably, the mandrel 1 has a plurality of reducing segments 10, the reducing segments 10 are symmetrically distributed along the center and the diameters decrease from inside to outside, that is, the positioning plates or concentric swing rods 22 forming the first and second radial supporting mechanisms 202 can be clamped at the reducing steps at two ends of the mandrel 1, and the positioning plates or concentric swing rods are connected and fixed with each other through the axial connecting plates 3, so that the stability of the clamping tool is further improved.
The following describes in detail the hyperboloid processing technology of the support lining board by taking a hyperboloid steel lining board (as shown in fig. 5) formed by processing an R800 arc and rotating with an R330 radius as an embodiment, and specifically comprises the following steps:
clamping a workpiece, centering and tool setting by taking four sides as rough references;
step two, milling four sides to 400+/-0.2x260+/-0.2 by adopting layer milling, wherein the rotating speed of a main shaft is 1000r/min, and the cutting depth is 0.4mm;
milling the whole top surface by adopting end face milling with visible light, without black skin, with the main shaft rotating speed of 800r/min and the cutting depth of 0.4mm;
milling a sliding plate groove by adopting an end face, wherein the depth of the sliding plate groove is 4.0+0.1, the length of the sliding plate groove is 380+0.2, the width of the sliding plate groove is 240+0.2, the rotating speed of a main shaft is 1000r/min, and the cutting depth is 0.4mm;
milling a fastening process hole, wherein the diameter of the fastening process hole is 21mm, the rotating speed of a main shaft is 400r/min, and the feeding amount is 0.3mm/r;
step six, clamping the workpiece by adopting the special clamping tool, and aligning and tool setting a magnetic gauge stand and a dial gauge by taking the radial accurate positioning reference of the outer circle of the tool and the end face as the axial accurate positioning reference;
step seven, turning an arc of R800mm from one end of a workpiece by numerical control programming, wherein the rotating speed of a main shaft is 45R/min, and the cutting depth is 0.4mm; measuring the arc vertex by adopting an outer circle dial indicator, wherein the diameter reaches 660mm, namely the radius R330.5mm;
finish turning the hyperboloid by adopting a turning tool, turning an arc according to a radius R880, and turning the arc at a spindle rotating speed of 200R/min and a cutting depth of 0.25mm; the surface roughness Ra0.2, the linear speed 150r/min, the cutting depth 0.2mm and the feeding amount 0.1mm/r.
After the processing is finished, verifying the processing size precision of the product: and (3) checking the machined spherical crown lining plate by adopting a three-coordinate measuring instrument, wherein the machining tolerance is within the range of the drawing requirement, and the spherical crown lining plate is qualified.
Verification of surface roughness: and (3) measuring the spherical surface roughness by adopting a qualified roughness meter, wherein the surface roughness value is 0.15 mu m, so that the design requirement is met, and the spherical surface roughness is qualified.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limited to the implementation conditions of the present invention, so that other modifications of the technical solution of the present invention, or the equivalent of the structural dimensions and internal structures, should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410019114.4A CN117600874A (en) | 2024-01-05 | 2024-01-05 | A clamping tool and hyperboloid processing technology for support lining plate hyperboloid processing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410019114.4A CN117600874A (en) | 2024-01-05 | 2024-01-05 | A clamping tool and hyperboloid processing technology for support lining plate hyperboloid processing |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117600874A true CN117600874A (en) | 2024-02-27 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410019114.4A Pending CN117600874A (en) | 2024-01-05 | 2024-01-05 | A clamping tool and hyperboloid processing technology for support lining plate hyperboloid processing |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1422005A1 (en) * | 2002-11-25 | 2004-05-26 | Loh Optikmaschinen AG | Method, device and combination tool for the working of the edge of a plastic optical lens |
| CN106001620A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2016-10-12 | 天津天重中直科技工程有限公司 | Tool and method for machining spherical surface pads |
| CN205852358U (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2017-01-04 | 咸阳盛翼机械制造有限公司 | A kind of mounting tool of multiple large radius arc faces class part vehicle processing simultaneously |
| CN211916226U (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-11-13 | 莱芜唯莱特机械设备有限公司 | Jig for the production of arc plate of grid support |
| CN113751970A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2021-12-07 | 中裕铁信交通科技股份有限公司 | Novel spherical surface machining process |
-
2024
- 2024-01-05 CN CN202410019114.4A patent/CN117600874A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1422005A1 (en) * | 2002-11-25 | 2004-05-26 | Loh Optikmaschinen AG | Method, device and combination tool for the working of the edge of a plastic optical lens |
| CN106001620A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2016-10-12 | 天津天重中直科技工程有限公司 | Tool and method for machining spherical surface pads |
| CN205852358U (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2017-01-04 | 咸阳盛翼机械制造有限公司 | A kind of mounting tool of multiple large radius arc faces class part vehicle processing simultaneously |
| CN211916226U (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-11-13 | 莱芜唯莱特机械设备有限公司 | Jig for the production of arc plate of grid support |
| CN113751970A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2021-12-07 | 中裕铁信交通科技股份有限公司 | Novel spherical surface machining process |
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