Multifunctional filter brick and filter for gas-water distribution
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water treatment, in particular to a multifunctional filter brick and a filter for air-water distribution.
Background
In water treatment engineering, the filter is a very common treatment process, and has multiple types, different types of filters are adopted according to different treatment requirements, such as a biological aerated filter, a V-shaped filter and a denitrification deep bed filter, the filter is particularly critical to the flushing process except for normal filtered water, the normal treatment effect and backwash cycle of the filter are related, the backwash mode is multiple, the most common mode is the combined backwash of air and water at present, one of the main components of the filter adopting the mode is a water distribution and gas distribution system, the water distribution and gas distribution system can uniformly collect filtered water, the water distribution and gas distribution system can uniformly distribute backwash water and gas, and the filter is required to be convenient to install and maintain, is not easy to block and is durable.
The common water and gas distribution system comprises a filter head, filter bricks and the like, the filter bricks comprise T-shaped filter bricks and S-shaped filter bricks, the filter bricks are compared with the filter head, the depth of the filter tank can be reduced, the civil engineering cost is reduced, and meanwhile, the filter bricks are convenient to install and short in period compared with the filter heads. The S-shaped filter brick has the main characteristics that the S-shaped filter brick can be subjected to two water and gas distribution, but the existing S-shaped filter brick has some problems in the application process, such as insufficient uniformity of water and gas distribution, easiness in residual gas in a cavity, dead zones in water and gas distribution and filtration water collection, inconvenience in installation and maintenance and the like.
Through retrieval, patent application number 202211684478.1, application day 2022, 12 months and 27 days, discloses a fixed air cavity type S-shaped filter brick with multiple air-water distribution, which comprises a filter brick shell, wherein an inner partition member is arranged in the filter brick shell and divides the filter brick shell into a primary water distribution chamber and a primary solid air cavity, the primary solid air cavity is positioned right above the primary water distribution chamber, the primary water distribution chamber is of an isosceles trapezoid structure, the primary solid air cavity is of a rectangular structure, two sides of the primary solid air cavity and the primary water distribution chamber are symmetrically provided with secondary air-water distribution chambers, and through holes are formed between the secondary air-water distribution chambers and the primary water distribution chamber. According to the application, the original variable volume form of the air cavity is changed into a physical entity structure, the volume of the air cavity is fixed, even if the resistance of the filter bed is increased, the air cavity can still be forced to ensure the uniform exhaust performance of each air hole, and the possibility that the effective back flushing cannot be obtained in the region with large resistance of the filter bed after the air is exhausted from the region with small resistance is avoided. However, the application is relatively complex in structural design and high in implementation cost, and is relatively inconvenient to install and overhaul, and the problems of water and gas distribution and dead zones in water filtration and water collection still exist.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Technical problem to be solved by the invention
Aiming at the problems that the existing S-shaped filter brick is not uniform enough in water and gas distribution, gas is easy to remain in a cavity, dead zones exist in water distribution and gas distribution and water collection by filtration, installation and maintenance are inconvenient, the invention provides the multifunctional filter brick and the filter tank for gas and water distribution, which can well solve the problems and achieve a better effect in application.
2. Technical proposal
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
The invention discloses a multifunctional filter brick for air-water distribution, which comprises a brick body, wherein a first side plate, a second side plate and a partition plate are arranged in the brick body, the first side plate, the second side plate and the partition plate divide an inner cavity of the brick body into a primary water distribution cavity, a primary air distribution cavity and two secondary air-water distribution cavities, wherein the primary air distribution cavity is positioned above the primary water distribution cavity, the primary air distribution cavity and the primary air distribution cavity form a primary air-water distribution cavity, and the two secondary air-water distribution cavities are respectively positioned at two sides of the primary air-water distribution cavity.
Further, a first air distribution channel and a second air distribution channel are formed in the first side plate and the second side plate which are matched with the partition plate to form a primary air distribution cavity, the first air distribution channel is located above the second air distribution channel, and the first air distribution channel and the second air distribution channel are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the brick body.
Further, the first gas distribution channel is a circular through hole, and the second gas distribution channel is a strip slit.
Furthermore, a first water distribution channel and a second water distribution channel are arranged on the first side plate and the second side plate which are matched with the partition plate to form a primary water distribution cavity, the first water distribution channel is positioned above the second water distribution channel, and a plurality of first water distribution channels and a plurality of second water distribution channels are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the brick body.
Furthermore, the first water distribution channel and the second water distribution channel are circular through holes, and the aperture of the first water distribution channel is smaller than that of the second water distribution channel.
Furthermore, the first side plate, the second side plate and the partition plate form an A-shaped partition assembly with the lower width and the upper width, one end of the A-shaped partition assembly is provided with an end plug, the other end of the A-shaped partition assembly is provided with an end socket, and the end plug is inserted into the end socket to assemble the A-shaped partition assemblies of adjacent filter bricks.
Furthermore, the top of the brick body is provided with a fixing frame and filter caps, the fixing frames are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the brick body, the filter caps are arranged in rows, and a plurality of rows are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the brick body.
Furthermore, the side wall of the brick body is provided with side flow holes, a plurality of side flow holes are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the brick body, 2-4 fixing seats are arranged below the side flow holes, and the fixing seats are matched with the anchoring pieces to fix the filter bricks.
The filter tank comprises a tank body and filter bricks, wherein the filter bricks are laid at the bottom of the tank body, and filling media are filled between adjacent filter bricks.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following remarkable effects:
(1) The multifunctional filter brick for gas-water distribution has the advantages that the primary gas-water distribution cavity is divided into two small cavities by the partition plate, the upper layer is the primary gas distribution cavity, the lower layer is the primary gas distribution cavity, the problems of fluctuation and uneven gas-water interface and uneven gas distribution caused by gas-water combined back flushing of the filter tank can be avoided, and after the partition plate is added, the primary gas-water distribution cavity is adjusted to be A-shaped from a conventional splayed shape, so that the internal structure is enhanced, the strength of the cavity is enhanced, and the stability of the filter brick is improved.
(2) The conventional filter bricks adopt round holes for air outlet, the round holes are changed into long and narrow slits, so that the air-water mixing and stirring effect in the secondary water distribution air cavity is enhanced, and meanwhile, a row of round holes are reserved at the top of the primary air distribution cavity, so that the residual air in the cavity is discharged.
(3) The invention discloses a multifunctional filter brick for air-water distribution, which is characterized in that a fixed seat is arranged on the side wall of a brick body, the fixed seat is matched with the fixed seat through an anchor piece, the anchor between the filter bricks and the bottom of a pool is realized, concrete filling is not needed, gravel filling is needed, the construction period is shortened, in addition, the filter bricks are more convenient to overhaul or reform in the later stage because concrete is not filled, and the filter bricks are removed because the filter bricks are not needed to be filled with concrete.
(4) The invention changes the position of the top of the filter brick with water distribution and air distribution holes into the position of the tower type grid type filter cap, which is favorable for distributing water and air to radiate to the periphery so as to cover the gap area between the filter bricks, and simultaneously, the invention is provided with a plurality of fixing frames at intervals along the length direction of the filter bricks, and the fixing frames can be matched with the tower type grid type filter cap together to support the supporting plate, so that the supporting plate is not limited by the limited installation space at the top of the traditional filter brick, is connected with other supporting plates into a whole, has no gap area, has no dead area in water distribution and air distribution and no dead area in filtration and water collection, and the tower type grid type filter cap of the top plate of the filter brick and the filter brick body are screwed and fixed by adopting threads according to the size of filter media required by different filter tanks, thereby being applicable to various filter tanks.
(5) According to the multifunctional filter brick for gas-water distribution, the socket plugs and the faucet sockets are arranged at the two ends of the brick body, so that socket type rapid assembly of two adjacent brick bodies is realized, the end plugs and the end faucet sockets are also arranged at the two ends of the A-shaped separation component in the inner cavity of the brick body, the reliable assembly of the filter brick from inside to outside is ensured, the flatness of the brick body is ensured, and the integral continuity of the primary gas-water distribution cavity and the secondary gas-water distribution cavity in the brick body is ensured.
(6) Compared with the traditional filter brick, the multifunctional filter brick for gas-water distribution has the advantages of no obvious complex structure, relatively easy realization, low production cost and certain practicability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a multifunctional filter block according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the multifunctional filter block of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a multi-functional filter block of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of an A-type partition plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a splitter plate end plug according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the end socket of the partition plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a spigot and socket assembly between filter blocks according to the present invention;
fig. 8 is a bottom-laid end view of a filter brick pool in accordance with the present invention.
Reference numerals in the schematic drawings illustrate:
I. The filter bricks, II, filling medium, III, supporting plates, IV, a tank body;
11. brick body 12, socket plug 13, faucet socket 14, reinforcing rib 15, side flow hole 16, fixing frame 17, fixing seat 171, anchoring piece 18, fixing hole 19, filter cap;
21. the device comprises a first side plate, a second side plate, a 23, a partition plate, a 24, a first air distribution channel, a 25, a second air distribution channel, a 26, a first water distribution channel, a 27, a second water distribution channel, a 28, an end plug, a 29 and an end socket;
31. A primary water distribution cavity, 32 a primary water distribution cavity, 33 a secondary air water distribution cavity.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The invention is further described below with reference to examples.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 and 4, a multifunctional filter brick for air-water distribution in this embodiment includes a brick body 11, one end of the brick body 11 is provided with a socket 12, the other end is provided with a socket 13, and the socket 12 and the socket 13 are matched to realize rapid socket assembly of two adjacent brick bodies 11. The two side walls of the brick body 11 are provided with a plurality of reinforcing ribs 14, so that the strength of the whole brick body 11 is enhanced, in addition, when the filter bricks I are paved at the bottom of the pool, the embedding and extruding force between the filter bricks I and the filling medium II is enhanced, and the stability between the filter bricks I at the bottom of the pool is ensured.
The brick body 11 is internally provided with a first side plate 21, a second side plate 22 and a partition plate 23, wherein the first side plate 21, the second side plate 22 and the partition plate 23 form an A-shaped partition assembly with a wide bottom and a narrow top, and an inner cavity of the brick body 11 is partitioned into a primary water distribution cavity 31, a primary air distribution cavity 32 and two secondary air water distribution cavities 33. The primary air distribution cavity 32 is located above the primary water distribution cavity 31, the primary water distribution cavity 31 and the primary air distribution cavity 32 are formed, and the two secondary air water distribution cavities 33 are respectively located at two sides of the primary air water distribution cavity.
The embodiment is a multifunctional filter brick for gas-water distribution, and the existing part of filter bricks have two water and gas distribution modes, but the first water and gas distribution mode is particularly critical, and if the first water and gas distribution mode is not uniform, the second water and gas distribution mode is difficult to readjust uniformly. In order to enhance the first water and gas distribution, the primary gas and water distribution cavity is divided into two small cavities, wherein the upper layer is a primary gas distribution cavity 32, and the lower layer is a primary water distribution cavity 31. Thus, when the filter tank is backwashed and air is introduced, a stable air cushion layer is formed, and the problems of unstable air cushion layer and inconsistent thickness caused by the difference in flatness of a whole filter brick due to installation can be avoided. Meanwhile, when the air and water in the filter tank are combined with back flushing, fluctuation and unevenness of an air-water interface are avoided, so that non-uniformity of water and gas distribution is caused. After the partition plate 23 is added, the primary air water distribution cavity is adjusted to be A-shaped from a conventional splayed shape, so that the internal structure is enhanced, the strength of the cavity is enhanced, and the stability of the filter brick is improved.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 4, the multifunctional filter brick for air-water distribution in this embodiment is basically the same as embodiment 1, and is different in that in this embodiment, a first air distribution channel 24 and a second air distribution channel 25 are further formed on a first side plate 21 and a second side plate 22 that are matched with a partition plate 23 to enclose a primary air distribution cavity 32, the first air distribution channel 24 is located above the second air distribution channel 25, and the first air distribution channel 24 and the second air distribution channel 25 are all arranged at intervals along the length direction of the brick body 11. The first air distribution channel 24 is a circular through hole, and the second air distribution channel 25 is a vertically-opened strip-shaped slit.
The first side plate 21 and the second side plate 22 which are matched with the partition plate 23 to form a primary water distribution cavity 31 are provided with a first water distribution channel 26 and a second water distribution channel 27, the first water distribution channel 26 is positioned above the second water distribution channel 27, and the first water distribution channel 26 and the second water distribution channel 27 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the brick 11. The first water distribution channel 26 and the second water distribution channel 27 are circular through holes, and the aperture of the first water distribution channel 26 is smaller than that of the second water distribution channel 27.
In the primary air distribution cavity, the conventional filter bricks adopt round holes for air outlet, the round holes are changed into vertically-arranged long and narrow slits in the embodiment, so that the air-water mixing and stirring effect in the secondary air-water distribution cavity 33 can be enhanced, and meanwhile, a row of round holes are reserved at the top of the primary air distribution cavity 32 in the embodiment, and the exhaust of residual gas in the cavity is facilitated.
Example 3
The multifunctional filter brick for air-water distribution is basically the same as embodiment 2, and is characterized in that the two ends of the brick body are provided with a socket and a spigot, so that the socket and spigot rapid assembly of two adjacent brick bodies is realized, one end of an A-shaped separation component is further provided with an end plug 28, the other end of the A-shaped separation component is provided with an end socket 29, the end plug 28 is inserted into the end socket 29, the assembly of the A-shaped separation component of the adjacent filter brick is realized, the reliable assembly of the filter brick from inside to outside is ensured, the flatness of the brick body is ensured, and the overall consistency of a primary air-water distribution cavity and a secondary air-water distribution cavity in the brick body is ensured.
Example 4
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the multifunctional filter brick for air-water distribution in this embodiment is basically the same as embodiment 3, and is characterized in that side flow holes 15 are formed in the side wall of the brick body 11, a plurality of side flow holes 15 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the brick body 11, 2 fixing seats 17 are arranged below the side flow holes 15, the fixing seats 17 are matched with anchoring pieces 171, the filter brick is fixed, and the anchoring pieces 171 can be screws.
At present, after the filter bricks are fixed, gaps are reserved between the filter bricks, the gaps are required to be filled with concrete, so that the construction difficulty is increased, the installation period is prolonged, the fixing seat 17 is additionally arranged on the side edge of the filter bricks, the filter bricks and the brick body 11 are integrally formed, the filter bricks are anchored through screws and the bottom of a pool, concrete filling is not needed between the filter bricks, gravel filling is adopted, the construction period is shortened, and in addition, the filter bricks are more convenient to dismantle due to maintenance or transformation of a later-stage filter tank without filling concrete.
The existing part of filter bricks are provided with a water return groove at the upper part of the splayed partition board of the primary air water distribution cavity, and the air flow in the secondary air water distribution cavity is stabilized through the overflow holes in the water return groove, so that the problem of backflow of dragging water is solved, and the complexity of the internal cavity is increased to a certain extent. In addition, the top panel of the filter brick is provided with water distribution and air distribution holes for backwashing and filtering water collection at present, but a certain gap is still formed between the filter bricks, sometimes in order to reduce the height of the pond body, a medium supporting plate is used for replacing a gravel supporting layer, the top panel of the filter brick is covered, and the gap area between the filter bricks is provided with defects in water distribution and air distribution.
Because gaps exist between the filter bricks integrally formed by the fixing seat 17 in the embodiment, the two side walls of the brick body are provided with the overflow holes (namely the side overflow holes 15), the air pressure balance in the secondary air-water distribution cavity 33 is balanced during backwashing, air distribution uniformity is guaranteed, water in the gaps between the two filter bricks can be collected during filtering, no water collecting dead zone exists, and the inner structure of the filter brick cavity is simpler than that of a water return groove type filter brick, so that the filter brick is convenient to produce.
Example 5
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the multifunctional filter brick for air-water distribution in this embodiment is basically the same as embodiment 4, and is different in that a fixing frame 16 and filter caps 19 are disposed at the top of the brick body 11, the fixing frames 16 are disposed at intervals along the length direction of the brick body 11, and the filter caps 19 are disposed in rows and are disposed at intervals along the length direction of the brick body 11.
In this embodiment, the water distribution and air distribution holes at the top of the filter brick are changed into the tower-type grid-type filter cap 19, so that the water distribution and air distribution are facilitated to radiate to the periphery, the gap area between the filter bricks is covered, meanwhile, in order to install the medium supporting plate III later, besides the fixing frame 16 provided with the supporting plate III at the top of the filter brick, the tower-type grid-type filter cap can also play a supporting role on the supporting plate III, meanwhile, the supporting plate III is not limited to the top of the filter brick any more, and can be connected with other supporting plates into a piece, the gap area does not exist, and the dead area does not exist in water distribution, air distribution and water filtration.
In order to adapt to various filtering processes, the tower type grid type filter cap of the filter brick top plate and the fixing hole 18 at the top of the brick body 11 are screwed and fixed by adopting threads, and different grid gap sizes can be adopted according to the sizes of filter media required by different filters, so that the filter brick is applicable to various types of filters.
Example 6
Referring to fig. 7 and 8, a filter tank according to this embodiment includes a tank body IV and any of the filter bricks I according to embodiments 1 to 4, the filter bricks I are laid on the bottom of the tank body IV, adjacent filter bricks I are matched with a socket 12 and a spigot 13 to realize rapid socket assembly, and matched with an anchor 171 through a fixing seat 17 to realize anchoring with the bottom of the tank, and a filling medium II is filled between the adjacent filter bricks I. The top of the filter brick I is supported by a fixing frame 16 and is provided with a bearing plate III.
The invention and its embodiments have been described above by way of illustration and not limitation, and the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described in the drawings in which the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if one of ordinary skill in the art is informed by this disclosure, the structural mode and the embodiments similar to the technical scheme are not creatively designed without departing from the gist of the present invention.