CN116939873B - Random access method, timing adjustment method, base station and device - Google Patents

Abstract

The disclosure provides a random access method, a timing adjustment method, a base station and equipment, wherein the random access method comprises the following steps: a User Equipment (UE) receives reference time indication information sent by a base station, wherein the UE and the base station use reference clock source time service as a reference clock, and the reference time indication information indicates the starting moment of the base station for sending a reference wireless frame, and the starting moment is aligned with second pulse of the reference clock source; the UE determines the time advance of the uplink signal sent to the base station based on the reference time indication information; the UE initiates a random access request to the base station based on the time advance. According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the UE and the base station use the reference clock source time service as the reference clock, so that the UE can determine the time advance of the uplink signal sent to the base station based on the reference time sent by the base station, and when the distance between the UE and the base station is greater than the distance corresponding to the access resource of the base station, the random access request of the UE can be correctly received by the base station, and the remote access is realized under the condition of saving the access resource.

Description

Random access method, timing adjustment method, base station and device

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the field of mobile communications, and in particular to a random access method, a timing adjustment method, a base station and a device.

Background technique

In the TDD or FDD cell of the 5G system, the time resources in the configuration of the access opportunity need to include the period, the start time in the period, and the occupied time. The occupied time includes three parts: the cyclic prefix (CP), the sequence length of the access preamble, and the guard time (GT). The length of the CP is usually equal to the round trip time (RTT) corresponding to the cell coverage distance. The sequence length of the preamble must be longer than the RTT, and the GT length is longer than or equal to the RTT. In general, the occupied time must be greater than 3*RTT. The physical random access channel (PRACH) preamble format 1 (format 1) defined in the 5G system protocol is 5G. The maximum coverage distance currently supported is 108km.

In vast areas such as oceans and deserts, the demand for 5G technology requires extremely wide coverage, but the capacity requirement is not high. For example, the cell distance is 350km or even 500km. In this scenario, the user's access requires a long time of resources. For example, the corresponding single access time resource for 500km coverage needs to be configured with 11ms, and the access resources need to be configured periodically. Therefore, the access resource occupancy rate of the cell exceeds 5%, and the overhead is too large. In addition, the GT time of the cell with extremely large coverage is very long. For example, the GT of a cell with a distance of 500km requires 3.34ms, and the single access resource needs to occupy a time greater than 3*3.34. In order to meet the requirements of access capacity and access delay, the maximum access cycle is 160ms.

In summary, in the related art, when the distance between the UE and the base station is greater than the distance corresponding to the access resources of the base station, the access resources occupy a large amount of resources.

Summary of the invention

According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a random access method is provided, including: a user equipment (UE) receives reference time indication information sent by a base station, wherein the UE and the base station use a reference clock source as their local reference clock, and the reference time indication information indicates the starting time of the base station sending a reference wireless frame, wherein the starting time is aligned with the second pulse of the reference clock source; the UE determines the time advance for sending an uplink signal to the base station based on the reference time indication information; the UE initiates a random access request to the base station based on the time advance. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the UE and the base station both use the reference clock source as the reference clock, so that the UE can determine the time advance for sending an uplink signal to the base station based on the reference time indication information sent by the base station, so that when the distance between the UE and the base station is greater than the distance corresponding to the guard interval (GT) in the access resources of the base station, the random access request of the UE can be correctly received by the base station, thereby realizing long-distance access while saving access resources.

Optionally, the UE determines the time advance for sending an uplink signal to the base station based on the reference time indication information, including: the UE receives a reference wireless frame sent by the base station, wherein the reference wireless frame carries the reference time indication information; the UE uses the reference clock source as the reference clock to determine the receiving start time of the UE receiving the reference wireless frame; the UE obtains the reference time indication information from the reference wireless frame, and determines the sending start time of the base station sending the reference wireless frame based on the reference time indication information; the UE determines the time advance based on the receiving start time and the sending start time.

Optionally, the UE determines the time advance for sending an uplink signal to the base station based on the reference time indication information, including: the UE receives a wireless frame sent by the base station, the wireless frame carries the reference time indication information and the reference wireless frame information, wherein the base station periodically carries the reference time indication information and the reference wireless frame information in the wireless frame; the UE uses the reference clock source as the reference clock to determine the receiving start time when the UE receives the wireless frame; the UE obtains the reference time indication information and the reference wireless frame information from the wireless frame, determines the frame interval between the wireless frame and the reference wireless frame based on the reference wireless frame information, and determines the sending start time when the base station sends the wireless frame based on the frame interval and the reference time indication information; the UE determines the time advance based on the receiving start time and the sending start time.

Optionally, the UE determines the time advance for sending an uplink signal to the base station based on the reference time indication information, including: the UE receives a reference wireless frame sent by the base station, the reference wireless frame carries the reference time indication information; the UE obtains the reference time indication information from the reference wireless frame; the UE receives the wireless frame sent by the base station; the UE determines the frame interval between the wireless frame and the reference wireless frame; the UE determines the sending start time of the wireless frame sent by the base station based on the reference time indication information and the frame interval; the UE uses the reference clock source as the reference clock to determine the receiving start time of the wireless frame received by the UE; the UE determines the time advance based on the receiving start time and the sending start time.

Optionally, the method further includes: the UE sends the timing advance to the base station, so that the base station uses the timing advance as a basis for adjusting the timing advance of the UE.

Optionally, the UE sends a time advance to the base station so that the base station uses the time advance as a basis for adjusting the time advance of the UE, including: the UE converts the time advance into a time ratio parameter, and sends the time ratio parameter to the base station, so that the base station uses the time ratio parameter as a basis for adjusting the time advance of the UE.

Optionally, the above method also includes: the UE receives a first access resource sent by the base station, wherein the first access resource is used for the UE whose distance from the base station is less than a first distance; wherein the UE initiates a random access request to the base station based on the time advance, including: when the UE determines that the distance between the UE and the base station is greater than the first distance, the UE initiates a random access request to the base station based on the first access resource and the time advance.

Optionally, the above method also includes: the UE receives a preamble code set sent by the base station for a distance greater than the first distance; wherein the UE initiates a random access request to the base station based on the time advance, including: the UE selects a preamble code from the preamble code set, and uses the selected preamble code to initiate a random access request to the base station based on the time advance.

Optionally, the manner in which the UE determines that the distance between the UE and the base station is greater than the first distance includes:

The UE receives the path loss threshold sent by the base station, determines a path loss value between the UE and the base station based on a downlink signal of the base station, and determines whether the distance between the UE and the base station is greater than the first distance based on the path loss value and the path loss threshold; or

The UE determines a path loss value between the UE and the base station based on a downlink signal of the base station, determines a second distance between the UE and the base station based on the path loss value, and the UE determines whether the second distance is greater than the first distance; or

The UE determines the transmission delay based on the receiving start time and the sending start time, and determines whether the distance between the UE and the base station is greater than the first distance based on the transmission delay; or

The UE obtains the location information of the UE, receives the location information sent by the base station, determines a second distance between the UE and the base station based on the location information of the UE and the location information of the base station, and determines whether the second distance is greater than the first distance.

Optionally, the reference clock source includes a satellite.

Optionally, the reference time indication information is carried in a SIB (System Information Blocks) message.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a timing adjustment method is provided, including: a UE receives reference time indication information sent by a base station, wherein the UE and the base station use a reference clock source as their local reference clocks, and the reference time indication information indicates a starting time for the base station to send a reference wireless frame, wherein the starting time is aligned with a second pulse of the reference clock source; the UE determines a first time advance for sending an uplink signal to the base station based on the reference time indication information; the UE sends the first time advance to the base station, wherein the base station uses the first time advance as a reference for the base station to determine a second time advance for the UE.

Optionally, the base station sends the above-mentioned reference radio frame according to a first period, and the UE determines the above-mentioned first timing advance according to a second period, wherein the second period is an integer multiple of the first period.

Optionally, the UE determines the first time advance according to the second period, and the method also includes: the UE receives a timing adjustment command sent by the base station, wherein the timing adjustment command carries the second time advance, the base station determines according to the third period and sends the second time advance in the timing adjustment command, the third period and the second period are configured so that the first time point has an interval with the second time point, the first time point is the time point when the UE determines the first time advance, and the second time point is the time point when the base station determines the second time advance; based on the second time advance carried in the timing adjustment command, the UE determines the second time advance for the UE to send an uplink signal to the base station.

Optionally, the above method also includes: if the UE does not receive a new reference radio frame within a preset time after receiving the reference radio frame, the UE stops determining the first time advance based on the reference time indication information, wherein the base station sends the reference radio frame according to the first period.

Optionally, the timing adjustment method is performed after the UE establishes a radio resource control (RRC) connection with the base station.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a timing adjustment method is provided, including: a base station sends reference time indication information, wherein the base station uses a reference clock source as its local reference clock, and the reference time indication information indicates a starting time for the base station to send a reference wireless frame, wherein the starting time is aligned with a second pulse of the reference clock source; the base station receives a first time advance sent by a UE, wherein the UE uses the reference clock source as a reference clock, and the UE determines a first time advance for sending an uplink signal to the base station based on the reference time indication information; the base station determines a second time advance for the UE based on the first time advance.

Optionally, the base station sends the above-mentioned reference radio frame according to a first period, and the UE determines the first timing advance according to a second period, wherein the second period is an integer multiple of the first period.

Optionally, the above method also includes: the base station determines according to the third period and sends the second time advance in the timing adjustment command, wherein the UE receives the timing adjustment command sent by the base station, and the UE determines the second time advance for the UE to send an uplink signal to the base station based on the second time advance carried in the timing adjustment command; wherein the UE determines the first time advance according to the second period, and the third period and the second period are configured so that the first time point has an interval with the second time point, the first time point is the time point when the UE determines the first time advance, and the second time point is the time point when the base station determines the second time advance.

Optionally, the timing adjustment method is performed after the base station establishes an RRC connection with the UE.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a random access device is provided, which is applied to a UE, and includes: a receiving module, which is used to receive reference time indication information sent by a base station, wherein the UE and the base station use a reference clock source as their local reference clocks, and the reference time indication information indicates the starting time of the base station sending a reference wireless frame, wherein the starting time is aligned with the second pulse of the reference clock source; a time advance determination module, which is used to determine the time advance for sending an uplink signal to the base station based on the reference time indication information; and an access module, which is used to initiate a random access request to the base station based on the time advance.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a timing adjustment device is provided, which is applied to UE, including: a receiving module, used to receive reference time indication information sent by a base station, wherein the UE and the base station use a reference clock source as their local reference clocks, and the reference time indication information indicates the starting time of the base station sending a reference wireless frame, wherein the starting time is aligned with the second pulse of the reference clock source; a determining module, used to determine a first time advance for sending an uplink signal to the base station based on the reference time indication information; and a sending module, used to send the first time advance to the base station, wherein the base station uses the first time advance as a reference for adjusting a second time advance of the UE.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a timing adjustment device is provided, which is applied to a base station, including: a sending module, which is used to send reference time indication information, wherein the base station uses a reference clock source as its local reference clock, and the reference time indication information indicates the starting time of the base station sending a reference wireless frame, wherein the starting time is aligned with the second pulse of the reference clock source; a receiving module, which is used to receive a first time advance sent by a UE, wherein the UE uses the reference clock source as the reference clock, and the UE determines the first time advance for sending an uplink signal to the base station based on the reference time indication information; and an adjustment module, which is used to adjust the second time advance of the UE based on the first time advance.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a communication device is provided, including: a processor; and a memory storing a program, wherein the program includes instructions, and when the instructions are executed by the processor, the processor executes the above method.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions is provided, wherein the computer instructions are used to enable the computer to execute the above method.

According to one or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure, both the UE and the base station use the reference clock source as the reference clock, so that the UE can determine the time advance for sending an uplink signal to the base station based on the reference time sent by the base station, so that when the distance between the UE and the base station is greater than the distance corresponding to the access resources of the base station, the random access request of the UE can be correctly received by the base station, thereby realizing long-distance access (i.e., a distance greater than the distance corresponding to the access resources of the base station) while saving access resources.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Further details, features and advantages of the present disclosure are disclosed in the following description of exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG1 shows a schematic diagram of an example system in which various methods described herein may be implemented according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG2 shows a flow chart of a random access method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG3 shows a flow chart of determining a timing advance according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG4 shows a flow chart of determining a timing advance according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG5 shows a flow chart of determining a timing advance according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG6 shows a flow chart of a very long distance random access method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG7 shows a flow chart of a timing adjustment method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG8 shows a structural block diagram of a random access apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG9 shows a structural block diagram of a timing adjustment device applied to a UE according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG10 shows a structural block diagram of a timing adjustment device applied to a base station according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG11 is a block diagram showing a structure of an exemplary electronic device that can be used to implement an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 12 shows a block diagram of an exemplary communication device that can be used to implement an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although certain embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described herein, which are instead provided for a more thorough and complete understanding of the present disclosure. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of the present disclosure are only for exemplary purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

It should be understood that the various steps described in the method embodiments of the present disclosure may be performed in different orders and/or in parallel. In addition, the method embodiments may include additional steps and/or omit the steps shown. The scope of the present disclosure is not limited in this respect.

The term "including" and its variations used in this document are open inclusions, that is, "including but not limited to". The term "based on" means "based at least in part on". The term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one other embodiment"; the term "some embodiments" means "at least some embodiments". Relevant definitions of other terms will be given in the description below. It should be noted that the concepts of "first", "second", etc. mentioned in this disclosure are only used to distinguish different devices, modules or units, and are not used to limit the order or interdependence of the functions performed by these devices, modules or units.

It should be noted that the modifications of "one" and "plurality" mentioned in the present disclosure are illustrative rather than restrictive, and those skilled in the art should understand that unless otherwise clearly indicated in the context, it should be understood as "one or more".

The names of the messages or information exchanged between multiple devices in the embodiments of the present disclosure are only used for illustrative purposes and are not used to limit the scope of these messages or information.

FIG1 shows a schematic diagram of an example system in which various methods described herein may be implemented according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG1 , system 100 includes user UE 101 , UE 102 , base station 103 , and reference clock source 104 .

UE is also called wireless equipment, terminal, mobile station (MS), mobile terminal (MT), etc. It is a device that provides voice or data connectivity to users, and can also be an IoT device. For example, UE includes handheld devices with wireless connection functions, vehicle-mounted devices, etc. At present, UE can be: a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a PDA, a mobile internet device (MID), a wearable device (such as a smart watch, a smart bracelet, a pedometer, etc.), a vehicle-mounted device (such as a car, a bicycle, an electric car, an airplane, a ship, a train, a high-speed rail, etc.), a virtual reality (VR) device, an augmented reality (AR) device, a wireless terminal in industrial control, a smart home device (such as a refrigerator, a TV, an air conditioner, an electric meter, etc.), an intelligent robot, a workshop equipment, a wireless terminal in self-driving, a wireless terminal in remote medical surgery, a wireless terminal in a smart grid, a wireless terminal in transportation safety, a wireless terminal in a smart city, or a wireless terminal in a smart home, a flying device (such as an intelligent robot, a hot air balloon, a drone, an airplane), etc.

In some examples, the UE uses the reference clock source 104 as the reference clock. For example, in a 5G device, the UE obtains the second pulse signal of the reference clock source timing, and the second pulse signal passes through a timing signal processing module (for example, a phase-locked loop, a frequency divider, a time accuracy measurement and compensation module, a crystal oscillator and other devices), and is output as a clock signal with a time accuracy of less than 50ns. The clock signal is transmitted as a reference time signal to a 5G communication chip (a module that may include a group of chips consisting of separate baseband and radio frequency chips); at the same time, the UTC time corresponding to the reference clock source received signal is transmitted to the 5G communication chip; therefore, the 5G communication chip obtains the reference clock source timing, that is, the month, day and second time of the UTC time, and also obtains a very accurate local time based on the reference clock source timing.

In some examples, base station 103 uses reference clock source 104 as a reference clock. Base station 103 uses reference clock source 104 to provide timing similar to UE 101 and UE 102.

In some examples, the reference clock source 104 may include a satellite, that is, the UE 101, the UE 102, and the base station 103 are all based on satellite timing. Exemplarily, the above-mentioned satellite may be a geostationary satellite, a non-geostationary satellite, an artificial satellite, a low-orbit satellite, a medium-orbit satellite, and a high-orbit satellite, etc., which is not specifically limited in the present disclosure.

The base station 103 may define a coverage area or cell with a first distance R1, which is referred to as the distance corresponding to the downlink and uplink protection intervals of the configured TDD cell, which is equivalent to the maximum cell distance specified by the LTE standard or 5G, such as 108km. The wireless device UE 101 shown in FIG1 is located within the configured cell distance R1. The base station 103 may also be used to serve UEs, such as UE 102, that are located outside the first cell distance R1 and within a second distance R2. In the example, the second distance R2 may be 150km, 300km, 450km, 500km, etc.

In some examples, after the UE is powered on, it enters the cell search and access process. The UE performs cell downlink synchronization through the Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH), demodulates the Master Information Block (MIB) information, and then demodulates the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) content through the relevant information in the MIB. Then, the location of the System Information Block (SIB) 1 is found through the content of the PDCCH. SIB1 is carried through the PDSCH channel. SIB1 contains configuration information related to the Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH). The UE generates a Preamble signal at the relevant time-frequency position through the PRACH configuration in SIB1, and starts the random access process.

In some examples, for example, in NR, the PRACH signal consists of three parts: a cyclic prefix (CP), a preamble (one or more), and a guard time. There are multiple preamble formats for PRACH. The length of the cyclic prefix may be different in different formats. The longer the CP, the greater the delay spread can be tolerated, so a larger cell distance can be supported. The CP length is usually equal to the round trip time (RTT) duration corresponding to the cell coverage distance. The sequence length of the preamble is longer than the RTT duration, and the GT length is longer than or equal to the RTT duration. In general, the occupied time is greater than 3*RTT time. The PRACH preamble format 1 (format 1) defined in the 5G system protocol is that 5G currently supports a maximum coverage distance of 108km.

At a larger coverage distance, such as a cell distance of 350km or even 500km. The UE's initial access has no time offset information with the base station, so the uplink signal will be delayed for a period of time when it reaches the base station. The PRACH occasion time window on the base station side is smaller than the time window corresponding to the radius of the aforementioned maximum coverage cell. If the UE performs random access according to the PRACH occasion on the base station side, the base station cannot correctly receive the preamble and cannot continue with the subsequent access process.

In related technologies, in order to support extremely large coverage cells, user access requires a long time of resources. For example, a single access time resource corresponding to a coverage of 500km needs to be configured with 11ms. Access resources need to be configured periodically, so the access resource occupancy rate of the cell exceeds 5%, and the overhead is too large. In addition, the GT time of a cell with extremely large coverage is relatively long. For example, a cell with a distance of 500km needs a GT of 3.34ms, and the single access resource needs to occupy a time length greater than 3*3.34ms. In order to meet the requirements of access capacity and access delay, the maximum access cycle is 160ms. In this way, the resources occupied by access resources are greater than 5%, and the access resource overhead is relatively large.

The disclosed embodiment provides a random access method. In this embodiment, the UE and the base station both use the reference clock source as the reference clock, and the UE can determine the time advance of sending an uplink signal to the base station based on the reference time indication information sent by the base station, so that when the distance between the UE and the base station is greater than the distance corresponding to the access resources of the base station, the random access request of the UE can be correctly received by the base station, thereby realizing long-distance access while saving access resources.

FIG2 shows a flowchart of a random access method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In the example of the present disclosure, the random access scenario may include but is not limited to: initial RRC connection setup, RRC connection reestablishment, switching, downlink data arrival (PDCCH command), uplink data arrival, from RRC-Inactive to RRC-Connected, specific system information request (SI on demand), activation of NR cell for NSA networking, and beam recovery, etc., which are not limited in this embodiment.

In this embodiment, both the base station and the UE use a reference clock source as their local reference clocks. As shown in FIG. 2 , the random access method includes steps S201 to S204 .

Step S201: The base station sends reference time indication information. The reference time indication information indicates the start time of the base station sending the reference radio frame. The start time is aligned with the second pulse of the reference clock source.

Exemplarily, the base station may carry the above-mentioned reference time indication information in a SIB message of a radio frame.

The reference time is the world time, for example, UTC time.

Step S202: The UE receives reference time indication information sent by the base station.

Both the UE and the base station use the reference clock source as the reference clock. The reference time is the start time when the base station sends the reference radio frame, and the start time is aligned with the second pulse of the reference clock source.

Exemplarily, the reference time may correspond to the time when the base station sends a radio frame starting point, a time slot starting point, or a symbol starting point of a reference radio frame, which is not limited in this embodiment.

Step S203, the UE determines the time advance for sending an uplink signal to the base station based on the reference time indication information. The time advance can compensate for the propagation time increment corresponding to the distance to the base station being greater than the distance tolerated by the PRACH occasion time window.

Step S204, the UE initiates a random access request to the base station based on the timing advance. In this embodiment, the UE may initiate a random access request based on the timing advance using a preamble configured by the base station that is shorter than the length required by the actual coverage radius.

In the embodiment, the UE and the base station both use the reference clock source as the reference clock, so that the UE can determine the time advance for sending an uplink signal to the base station based on the reference time indication information sent by the base station, so that when the distance between the UE and the base station is greater than the distance corresponding to the access resource of the base station, the UE determines the time advance and obtains the time deviation between the UE and the base station. The UE initiates a random access request to the base station based on the time advance, so that the random access request of the UE can be correctly received by the base station, thereby realizing long-distance access while saving access resources. Specifically, the random access preamble sent by the UE can be correctly received by the base station, that is, within the PRACH occasion time window of the base station.

An optional implementation method for determining the timing advance is described below.

method one

FIG3 shows a flow chart of determining a timing advance amount according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG3 , the flow chart includes: step S301 to step S305 .

Step S301, the base station sends a reference radio frame, which carries reference time indication information, and the reference time indication information indicates the start time of the base station sending the reference radio frame. The start time of the base station sending the reference radio frame refers to the start time of the base station's antenna port sending the reference radio frame.

The base station may send a radio frame carrying reference time indication information at each second pulse or every multiple second pulses of the reference clock source. The radio frame is called a reference radio frame.

The reference time indication information may include: UTC time corresponding to the second pulse, and position information of the alignment between the reference radio frame and the second pulse.

Exemplarily, the base station may adjust the start point of a radio frame to align with the leading edge of the second pulse of the received reference clock source at the transmission time of the antenna port. For example, the start time of SFN=X1 is aligned with the leading edge of the second pulse. The base station may broadcast in a SIB message, and the information carried in the SIB message includes the UTC time corresponding to SFN X1, i.e., month, day, and second, and at the same time, the start time of SFN X1 stated in the SIB message is aligned with the leading edge of the second pulse of the reference clock source. An exemplary UTC time is 2859.000000000 seconds on April 4.

Exemplarily, the base station may also adjust the starting point of a specific time slot of a wireless frame or the starting point of a symbol to be aligned with the leading edge of the second pulse of the received satellite at the sending time of the antenna port, and the reference time indication information also includes the time slot (i.e., the specific time slot) or the corresponding symbol (i.e., the specific symbol) corresponding to the second pulse. For example, the starting time of symbol 2 in slot 3 of SFN=X2 is aligned with the leading edge of the second pulse of the reference clock source timing, and the starting time of symbol 2 in slot 3 of SFN=X2 declared in the SIB message is aligned with the leading edge of the second pulse of the reference clock source timing.

In order to ensure the clock accuracy of the base station, the base station can perform time alignment on each second pulse front edge. That is, the reference time is updated every second. After the reference time is updated, the reference time can be updated, for example, the SIB message content is updated, and the period of updating the SIB message content can be consistent with the reference time update period, or can be greater than the reference time update period, which is not limited in this embodiment.

Step S302: The UE receives a reference radio frame sent by the base station.

Step S303, the UE uses the reference clock source as the reference clock to determine the receiving start time of the UE receiving the reference radio frame. The receiving start time refers to the time when the antenna port of the UE receives the reference radio frame.

Based on the position information of the alignment between the reference radio frame and the second pulse, the UE determines the time when the antenna port of the UE receives the corresponding position of the reference radio frame as the reception start time.

Step S304: The UE obtains reference time indication information from the reference radio frame, and determines a sending start time for the base station to send the reference radio frame based on the reference time indication information.

The reference time indication information carried by the reference radio frame may be the sending start time of the reference radio frame sent by the base station.

As an example, the reference time corresponds to the radio frame starting point of the base station antenna port sending the reference radio frame. Accordingly, the reception start time of the UE receiving the reference radio frame is the time when the UE antenna port receives the starting point of the reference radio frame. The above position information is the starting point of the reference radio frame.

As an example, the reference time corresponds to the starting point of a time slot of the base station's antenna port sending the reference wireless frame. Correspondingly, the UE's receiving start time of receiving the reference wireless frame is the time of the corresponding time slot of the reference wireless frame. The above-mentioned location information is the starting point of the above-mentioned time slot of the reference wireless frame.

As an example, the reference time corresponds to the starting point of a symbol of the reference wireless frame sent by the antenna port of the base station. Accordingly, the reception start time of the UE receiving the reference wireless frame is the time when the antenna port of the UE receives the corresponding symbol of the reference wireless frame. The above-mentioned position information is the starting point of the above-mentioned symbol of the reference wireless frame.

Step S305: The UE determines a timing advance based on the receiving start time and the sending start time.

Among them, the above-mentioned sending start time is the time when the antenna port of the base station sends the reference wireless frame, and the above-mentioned receiving start time is the time when the antenna port of the UE receives the reference wireless frame. Since the UE and the base station use the same reference clock source as the local clock, the difference between the above-mentioned receiving start time and the above-mentioned sending start time is the transmission delay between the UE and the base station. The UE can determine the time advance based on the above-mentioned receiving start time and the above-mentioned sending start time.

Method 2

FIG. 4 shows a flow chart of determining a timing advance amount according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 4 , the flow chart includes: step S401 to step S405 .

Step S401: The base station periodically carries reference time indication information and reference radio frame information in a radio frame.

The reference time indication information indicates the starting time when the base station sends the reference wireless frame. The starting time when the base station sends the reference wireless frame refers to the starting time when the antenna port of the base station sends the reference wireless frame. The base station sends the reference wireless frame, which can be referred to in the description of method 1, and will not be repeated here.

The period at which the base station carries the reference time indication information and the reference radio frame information in the radio frame is smaller than the period at which the base station sends the reference radio frame.

The information of the reference radio frame is the frame number of the reference radio frame. The reference time indication information includes: the UTC time corresponding to the second pulse, and the position information of the alignment between the reference radio frame and the second pulse.

Step S402: The UE receives a radio frame sent by the base station, where the radio frame carries reference time indication information and reference radio frame information.

Step S403, the UE uses the reference clock source as the reference clock to determine the receiving start time of the UE receiving the radio frame, wherein the receiving start time refers to the time when the antenna port of the UE receives the radio frame.

As an example, the reference time corresponds to the radio frame start point when the antenna port of the base station sends the reference radio frame. Accordingly, the reception start time when the UE receives the radio frame is the time when the antenna port of the UE receives the start point of the radio frame.

As an example, the reference time corresponds to the starting point of a time slot of a reference radio frame sent by the antenna port of the base station. Accordingly, the reception start time of the UE receiving the radio frame is the time when the antenna port of the UE receives the corresponding time slot of the radio frame.

As an example, the reference time corresponds to the starting point of a symbol of the reference radio frame sent by the antenna port of the base station. Accordingly, the reception start time of the UE receiving the radio frame is the time when the antenna port of the UE receives the corresponding symbol of the radio frame.

Step S404, the UE obtains reference time indication information and reference wireless frame information from the wireless frame, determines the frame interval between the wireless frame and the reference wireless frame based on the reference wireless frame information, and determines the start time for the base station to send the wireless frame based on the frame interval and the reference time indication information.

Step S405: The UE determines a timing advance based on the receiving start time and the sending start time.

This implementation enables the UE to determine the sending start time of the radio frame sent by the base station when the reference radio frame is not received, and further determine the time advance based on the receiving start time and the sending start time.

Method 3

FIG. 5 shows a flow chart of determining a timing advance amount according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 5 , the flow chart includes steps S501 to S508 .

Step S501: The base station sends a reference radio frame, which carries reference time indication information. The reference time indication information indicates the start time of sending the reference radio frame by the base station, and the start time is aligned with the second pulse of the reference clock source.

The base station may send a radio frame carrying reference time indication information at each second pulse or every multiple second pulses of the reference clock source. The radio frame is called a reference radio frame.

The reference time indication information may include: UTC time corresponding to the second pulse, and position information of the alignment between the reference radio frame and the second pulse.

Step S502: The UE receives a reference radio frame sent by the base station.

Step S503: The UE obtains reference time indication information from the reference radio frame.

Step S504: the base station periodically sends radio frames.

Step S505: The UE receives a radio frame sent by the base station.

Step S506: The UE determines a frame interval between the radio frame and a reference radio frame, and based on the reference time indication information and the frame interval, the UE determines a sending start time for the base station to send the radio frame.

Step S507: The UE uses the reference clock source as a reference clock to determine the start time of receiving the radio frame.

As an example, the reference time corresponds to the radio frame starting point when the antenna port of the base station sends the reference radio frame. Accordingly, the reception start time when the UE receives the radio frame is the time when the antenna port of the UE receives the starting point of the radio frame.

As an example, the reference time corresponds to the starting point of a time slot of the base station's antenna port sending the reference radio frame. Correspondingly, the UE's reception start time of receiving the radio frame is the time of the corresponding time slot of the UE's antenna port receiving the radio frame.

As an example, the reference time corresponds to the starting point of a symbol of the reference radio frame sent by the antenna port of the base station. Accordingly, the reception start time of the UE receiving the radio frame is the time when the antenna port of the UE receives the corresponding symbol of the radio frame.

Step S508: The UE determines a timing advance based on the receiving start time and the sending start time.

The process of extremely long distance access is described below.

FIG6 shows a flow chart of a very long distance random access method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG6 , the method includes steps S601 to S604.

Step S601: A UE receives a first access resource sent by a base station, wherein the first access resource is used for a UE whose distance to the base station is less than a first distance.

Step S602: The UE receives reference time indication information sent by the base station.

Step S603: The UE determines a timing advance for sending an uplink signal to the base station based on the reference time indication information.

In this embodiment, the UE may determine the timing advance for sending an uplink signal to the base station based on the aforementioned method of the present disclosure, which will not be elaborated herein.

Step S604: When the UE determines that the distance between the UE and the base station is greater than the first distance, the UE initiates a random access request to the base station based on the first access resource and the timing advance.

In some implementations, the method further includes: the UE receives a preamble set for a distance greater than the first distance sent by the base station. In the above step S604, the UE selects a preamble from the preamble set, and uses the selected preamble to initiate a random access request to the base station based on the time advance. The preamble set is a subset of the preambles in the access resources corresponding to the first distance.

The following describes an implementation method for the UE to determine whether the distance between the UE and the base station is greater than the first distance.

method one

The UE receives the path loss threshold sent by the base station, determines the path loss value between the UE and the base station based on the downlink signal of the base station, and determines whether the distance between the UE and the base station is greater than the first distance based on the path loss value and the path loss threshold. When the path loss value between the UE and the base station is greater than the path loss threshold, it is determined that the distance between the UE and the base station is greater than the first distance.

The base station may carry the transmission power in the downlink signal, and the UE determines the path loss value between the UE and the base station based on the transmission power of the downlink signal and the power of the received downlink signal.

Method 2

The UE determines a path loss value between the UE and the base station based on a downlink signal of the base station, determines a second distance between the UE and the base station based on the path loss value, and determines whether the second distance is greater than the first distance.

Method 3

The UE determines the transmission delay based on the receiving start time and the sending start time, and determines whether the distance between the UE and the base station is greater than the first distance based on the transmission delay. The receiving start time and the sending start time can be determined based on the method described above in the present disclosure, which will not be described in detail here.

Method 4

The UE obtains the location information of the UE, receives the location information sent by the base station, determines a second distance between the UE and the base station based on the location information of the UE and the location information of the base station, and determines whether the second distance is greater than the first distance. The location information may include longitude, latitude, and altitude.

In some implementations, after the UE determines the timing advance for sending an uplink signal to the base station based on the reference time, the UE may also send the timing advance to the base station so that the base station uses the timing advance as a reference for adjusting the timing advance of the UE. Optionally, the UE converts the timing advance into a time ratio parameter and sends the time ratio parameter to the base station so that the base station uses the time ratio parameter as a reference for adjusting the timing advance of the UE.

The embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a timing adjustment method.

FIG. 7 shows a flow chart of a timing adjustment method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 7 , the method includes steps S701 to S705 .

Step S701, the base station sends reference time indication information, wherein the base station uses a reference clock source as a reference clock, and the reference time indication information indicates the start time of the base station sending a reference radio frame, and the start time is aligned with the second pulse of the reference clock source.

Step S702, the UE receives reference time indication information sent by the base station, wherein the UE and the base station use a reference clock source as a reference clock, and the reference time is the start time when the base station sends a reference radio frame.

Step S703: The UE determines a first timing advance for sending an uplink signal to the base station based on the reference time indication information.

In this embodiment, the UE may use the aforementioned method of the present disclosure to determine the first timing advance for sending an uplink signal to the base station, which will not be described in detail herein.

Step S704: The UE sends a first timing advance to the base station.

Step S705: The base station adjusts the second timing advance of the UE based on the first timing advance.

In some implementations, the base station sends the reference radio frame according to a first period, and the UE determines the first timing advance according to a second period, wherein the second period is an integer multiple of the first period.

In some implementations, the UE determines the first timing advance according to the second period, and the method further includes: the UE receives a timing adjustment command sent by the base station, wherein the timing adjustment command carries the second timing advance, the base station determines the second timing advance according to the third period and sends the second timing advance in the timing adjustment command, the third period and the second period are configured so that there is an interval between the first time point and the second time point, the first time point is the time point when the UE determines the first timing advance, and the second time point is the time point when the base station determines the second timing advance; the UE determines the second timing advance for the UE to send an uplink signal to the base station based on the second timing advance carried in the timing adjustment command. In this way, the timing advance conflict caused by both the UE and the base station determining the timing advance can be avoided.

In some implementations, if the UE does not receive a new reference radio frame within a preset time after receiving the reference radio frame, the UE stops determining the first timing advance based on the reference time indication information.

In this embodiment, the timing adjustment method may be performed after the UE establishes a radio resource control (RRC) connection with the base station.

A more detailed example of the embodiment of the present disclosure is described below.

PRACH-related actions and processes of base stations with large coverage cells

After the base station is powered on, it calculates the time advance automatically based on the following information to confirm that the cell allows the terminal to access:

1) Cell type information: extremely large coverage cell (coverage radius of more than 110 km, maximum 500 km); or

2) Obtain the format of the PRACH preamble and check that the cell coverage radius supported by the format does not match the actual coverage radius of the cell and is much larger than the actual coverage radius; or

3) The cell type obtained is a cell that requires timing assistance for access.

The base station obtains satellite timing, and the timing module inside the base station generates accurate time with an accuracy of 50ns. The base station adjusts the starting point of a wireless frame to align with the leading edge of the satellite's second pulse at the transmission time of the antenna port. For example, the starting time of SFN=X1 is aligned with the leading edge of the second pulse. The base station broadcasts in the SIB message: the month and day second time corresponding to SFN X1 (that is, UTC time) and the cycle of updating the second pulse. The specific value of SFN is sent in the MIB message. MIB messages are sent periodically.

In order to ensure the clock accuracy of the base station, the base station can time-align the leading edge of each second pulse and update the SIB message content, or select a longer period for the SIB message content update; the broadcast period of the SIB message of the same second pulse is 110 or 160ms; the second pulse update period cannot be greater than 4096*10ms, and the SFN frame number ranges from 0 to 4095. If the second pulse update period is greater than the duration corresponding to the maximum value of the wireless frame number, the SIB message content is invalid.

The base station can also adjust the starting point of a specific time slot of a wireless frame or the starting point of a symbol to align with the leading edge of the second pulse of the received satellite at the sending time of the antenna port. For example, the starting time of symbol 2 in slot 3 of SFN=X2 is aligned with the leading edge of the second pulse of the satellite timing; at the same time, the SIB message should also declare that the starting time of symbol 2 in slot 3 of SFN=X2 is aligned with the leading edge of the second pulse of the satellite timing.

In some examples, a set of Preamble sequences for extremely long-distance UE access may be broadcast in a SIB message, where the extremely long distance is indicated by a Pathloss value (meaning that the distance corresponding to the PathLoss value of the base station detected by the UE is greater than 110km, and the base station's SIB indicates its own transmission power. The UE can calculate the PathLoss value based on the received signal energy).

In some examples, in order to allow UEs at extremely long distances to access, the base station sets the duration of the ra-ResponseWindow in the PRACH configuration to be greater than or equal to twice the radio wave propagation delay corresponding to the supported cell radius.

In some examples, if the base station receives a preamble corresponding to an extremely long distance, it may not carry a TA value when responding to the UE RAR, and may only allocate TC-RNTI and BI values.

In some examples, if the base station does not allocate a Preamble for an extremely long-distance UE in the SIB message, the base station cannot distinguish whether the distance between the UE receiving the Preamble and the base station is within an extremely long range, and the processing method of the prior art is used.

In some examples, if the base station receives Msg3 sent by a UE encrypted with TC-RNTI, Msg3 carries the actual TA value reported by the UE, and sends the TA value to the MAC layer. The subsequent MAC layer uses this as a reference for calculating the adjustment amount of the new TA; the TA value appears as an IE in Msg3.

In some embodiments, the TA value reported by the UE is not actually a real time value, but a value converted using a formula using the real time value. The purpose of the conversion is to reduce the amount of bits transmitted.

The following are examples of conversion methods:

The real TA value is defined as T _TA , and the converted value is N _TA , then:

μ: Determined by the system subcarrier bandwidth, 15kHZ: 0; 30kHZ: 1; 60kHZ: 2; 120kHZ: 3; 240kHZ: 4; 4110kHZ: 5;

_Tc is the time granularity defined in 3GPP TS38.211, and its duration is approximately 0.508ns;

After receiving this N _TA , the MAC layer uses this value as the current UE time adjustment reference;

In some examples, N _TA may be carried in MAC CE, and a new header identifier is added to MAC CE. Through this identifier, the base station can know that the MAC data packet carries an absolute TA value reported by a UE.

PRACH-related actions and procedures for UEs in large coverage cells

After the UE is turned on, the satellite signal receiving module is powered on and starts to receive signals, and obtains the second pulse signal of the satellite timing. The second pulse signal passes through the timing signal processing module (composed of a phase-locked loop, a frequency divider, a time accuracy measurement and compensation module, a crystal oscillator and other devices), and is output as a clock signal with a time accuracy of less than 50ns. The clock signal is transmitted to the 5G communication chip (also including a module composed of a group of chips with separate baseband and radio frequency) as a reference time signal; at the same time, the UTC time corresponding to the satellite reception signal is transmitted to the 5G communication chip; therefore, the 5G communication chip obtains the satellite timing, that is, the month, day and second time of the UTC time, and also obtains a very accurate local time based on the satellite timing.

The UE searches for a cell and the cell it resides in obtains the access configuration resources and supported access coverage radius parameters of the cell by reading the SIB message content sent by the base station, including mode switching and no switching.

In some examples, the UE calculates the path loss value PL _w from the base station to itself based on the received synchronization signal energy and SIB information content; estimates the distance from itself to the base station based on the path loss value. When the estimated distance is greater than 110 km, the UE believes that it is residing in a cell with maximum coverage and is at an extremely long distance; or when the SIB message content carries the maximum coverage distance path loss threshold PL ₀ , the UE finds that its path loss value PL _w ≥ PL ₀ , and determines that it is at an extremely long distance.

The UE calculates the transmission delay from the base station to itself δT=T ₂ -T ₁ ; this step occurs periodically, and the period is the period of the base station sending the satellite reference second time.

Wherein, _T1 is the time value of the antenna port when the base station sends a message, which is timed based on the satellite timing. _T2 is the time value of the antenna port receiving the message sent by the base station, which is timed based on the satellite timing.

T ₂ is the time value corresponding to the start time of the record of receiving SIB information at the 5G RF chip antenna receiving port when the UE is running with satellite timing as the reference clock, such as 2859.894340654 seconds on April 4.

_T1 is the calculation of the time value of the antenna port when the base station sends a message, which can include the following:

A:

UE reads the satellite reference in the SIB information: the month, day, and second time information corresponding to SFN X1. The starting time when the aforementioned base station sends SFN X1 at the antenna port is aligned with the leading edge of the second pulse of this month, day, and second, which is called T _1. The time value of T ₁ is the month, day, and second described in the SIB message content, such as 2859.000000000 seconds on April 4.

B: corresponds to the case where the UE does not receive the SIB message of SFN=X1

The SIB message broadcast containing the correspondence between second pulses and SFN is periodic, so except for the time when SFN=X1 corresponds to the first second pulse information, the other broadcast times require the UE to calculate the precise time of sending the benchmark SIB message based on the SFNindex corresponding to the currently received SIB message.

For example, the SIB message containing the correspondence between the second pulse and the SFN is broadcasted once by the base station when SFN=Y, and the message content is still: the starting time of SFN=X1 (or other specific time that is not repeated as mentioned above) corresponds to the second value of the month and day of the second pulse leading edge of the satellite timing. The UE receives this SIB message content when SFN=Y.

The time corresponding to the start time of UE calculation of SFN Y is: Seconds: m = (Y-X1)/100 The time after the second (in ms) h = ((Y-X1) mod 100)*10. This time is the satellite reference time value of the antenna port when the base station sends the SIB message of SFN = Y. T ₁ contains the current month and day seconds and milliseconds;

C: It can meet the UE's frequency needs of updating TA more quickly, without having to wait for the periodic broadcast of SIB messages

When SFN=X1, UE receives the SIB message published by the benchmark. The content of the SIB message is the starting time (or a specific time) of the radio frame of SFN=X1 corresponding to the second pulse leading edge of the satellite timing. This second pulse is the second of a certain month and day.

Then, within a period of time thereafter, as long as the UE receives the synchronization signal and MIB information from the base station, it can calculate the satellite timing corresponding to the SFN index Y2 of the base station in seconds and milliseconds, that is, T ₁ . The calculation method is the same as in B.

In some examples, the UE determines whether it is at an extremely long distance based on the transmission delay: different PRACH formats support different distances. For example, the maximum distance of format 3 is 107 km. The UE can determine whether it is at an extremely long distance based on the transmission delay being greater than the electromagnetic wave propagation delay corresponding to 107 km.

The UE stores the transmission timing advance T _TA =2*δT when sending the uplink signal; the UE converts T _TA into a time ratio parameter N _TA :

Stored in the instance of the MAC layer.

This step occurs periodically, and the period is the period of the base station sending the satellite reference second time or the UE selects a value shorter than the receiving period of the SIB message for update. For example, the SIB message is updated to 160ms, and the update period of the _NTA is shorter than 160ms.

After the UE decides to initiate a random access procedure, it selects a time-frequency resource and a preamble according to the PRACH occasion configuration in the read SIB information and the parameter configuration of the access procedure, and uses the T _TA value to send the Preamble.

For example: the PRACH occasion resource configured by the base station is a 160ms period, in which SFN mod 160 = 1 corresponds to a radio frame containing access time resources (subframes 1, 4, 7), and the preamble is format 1 (format 1, see 3gPPTS38.211). The UE selects the preamble sequence as index = 238 to generate the length required by format 1, and decides to use the time resource of subframe 4 in the SFN = 321 radio frame. The 5G communication baseband chip sends the modulated preamble bit stream to the 5G radio chip, requiring the antenna port to send the time of subframe 4 corresponding to SFN = 321 in advance by T _TA , that is, T _subframe4 -T _TA . The 5G radio chip sends the symbol of the aforementioned preamble to the base station at the specified time.

If the SIB message issued by the base station has indicated the preamble set used by UEs at extremely long distances, the UE needs to select a preamble from the preamble set used by UEs at extremely long distances. The selection method adopts random selection method, as long as the probability of each preamble in the set being selected is the same.

After receiving the RAR, the UE parses the content of the RAR; if the RAR carries the TA content field, it ignores it;

The UE determines the TBsize of Msg3 according to the UL grant carried in the RAR. If the TBsize can contain "RRCsetup request" + N _TA value (16 bits, the TA value of 500KM is large and requires more bits to represent), the content in Msg3 will contain the N _TA value currently stored by the UE. If the TBsize can only contain the "RRC setup request" content, Msg3 does not contain the N _TA value.

UE uses satellite timing to assist random access (for 2-step access)

Usually, when the UE switches cells or the UE temporarily loses downlink synchronization, a two-step access process is performed.

Whether switching to another cell or initiating a two-step access process in the currently connected cell, the UE receives the message content indicating the satellite time reference in the SIB message of the target cell (target cell: the cell to be switched to or the current cell to be re-accessed).

The local satellite reference time is obtained according to the satellite receiving module inside the UE, and the TA value between the UE and the target cell is calculated in the same way as in the first embodiment.

When the UE sends the specified preamble, it uses the calculated TA value to send. The target cell requires the UE to send at time SFN=y and subframe L. The actual sending time of the UE is SFN=y, and the time corresponding to subframe L is subtracted from the time corresponding to the advance TA value.

When the UE receives the response MsgB from the target cell, it ignores the TA value carried therein.

The first UE uplink message after MsgB needs to carry the TA currently used by the UE. This TA value needs to be converted into N _TA and reported to the base station. The base station will record it in the MAC layer entity. When the base station periodically adjusts the TA of the UE, it will use it as the basis for adjustment:

N _TA-new = N _TA ;

Compatible method for timing adjustment of terminal and base station

Satellite timing is based on second pulses, so the minimum period for UE to adjust its TA is 1 second; when the relative speed between UE and base station is very high, such as Mach 4, the 1-second adjustment frequency cannot allow the UE's uplink to be accurately aligned with the base station's uplink symbol position, which will cause inter-symbol interference and reduce the probability of correct reception by the base station. Therefore, when in the RRC connection state, the base station adjusts the UE's TA value.

There is a conflict when both the base station and the UE perform timing adjustment. The solution is:

After the UE enters the RRC connected state, the UE uses satellite timing to adjust its TA period, which can be configured to be 1 second or an integer multiple of 1 second. In order to avoid overlap with the period adjusted by the UE itself, the TA adjustment of the base station based on the received uplink signal needs to be staggered with the period adjusted by the UE itself. For example, SFN mod 100=1 is the time point for the UE to adjust itself. When the base station adjusts the TA value of the UE with a period of 500ms, SFN mode 100=3 and SFN mod 50=3 need to be selected.

Because the UE's self-adjustment period is related to the leading edge of the second pulse broadcast by the base station using the SIB for satellite timing, the base station controls the position of the SFN aligned with the leading edge of the second pulse and the SIB publishing period to obtain the period of the UE's self-TA value and the specific time position within the period: that is, if the SIB publishing period is 1 second, the UE's self-adjustment period can be 1 second; if the SIB publishing period is 20 seconds, the UE's self-adjustment period can be 20 seconds.

After the UE makes adjustments on its own, it needs to notify the base station of the latest TA value of the current UE in the subsequent uplink message; notification method: using the MAC CE of the MAC layer to report the N _TA corresponding to the absolute value of TA; or the UE carries the N _TA corresponding to the absolute value of TA when reporting other RRC messages;

The MAC layer of the base station obtains the N _TA value reported by the UE and sets:

N _TA-new = N _TA ;

At the same time, the message reported by the UE is processed in the physical layer of the base station. The physical layer calculates a TA value based on the uplink signal of the UE, which is called This value is the absolute duration of the moment when the UE's uplink signal is aligned with the uplink symbol required by the base station.

There are two ways for the base station to calculate the Timer advance command:

1. MAC layer calculation

The physical layer will Submitted to the MAC layer, the MAC layer calculates according to the following formula:

2. The physical layer calculates the initial value and reports it to the MAC layer

The calculation formula is the same as above, and the MAC layer is required to submit the obtained N _TA-new to the physical layer.

When the TA adjustment period arrives, the base station calculates the TA adjustment command content and then sends it to the UE through the MAC CE; the calculation of the adjustment value is the same as the existing method:

After receiving the UE, the latest TA value is calculated in the same way as before;

If the UE does not receive the adjustment command MAC CE from the base station when the base station adjustment period arrives, it will not initiate the 2-step access process, but wait for the satellite timing SIB message from the base station, and the UE will calculate and adjust the TA value by itself;

If the UE loses the satellite signal for a period of time (related to the hardware performance of the UE, for example, if the UE timing module can maintain a timekeeping accuracy of 24 hours, the timer for losing the satellite signal can be set to 23 hours, 59 minutes and 59 seconds), the UE can adjust the TA by itself as long as it can receive the satellite timing reference SIB message issued by the base station;

When the base station cannot receive the satellite timing signal, the base station can continue to publish SIB messages within the time when the timing accuracy is maintained. However, after the loss time exceeds the time accuracy that the base station can maintain, the base station can no longer broadcast the timing reference SIB message (for example, the base station can be punctual for 48 hours, and after losing the satellite signal for another 48 hours, the base station can no longer broadcast the timing reference SIB message). Once the base station no longer publishes the satellite timing reference SIB message, the UE cannot adjust the TA by itself, and can only use the TA adjustment command of the base station to adjust the TA. Specific implementation: There is a timer T520 inside the UE, the duration of which is equal to the period of the SIB issuing new second pulses. When the timer expires, the SIB second pulse update message from the base station is not received, and the UE believes that it cannot update the TA value by itself.

When both the base station's adjustment command and the satellite timing reference SIB message are lost, the UE considers itself to be in an out-of-sync state.

An exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure provides a random access device, which is applied to a UE. As shown in FIG8 , the random access device may include: a receiving module, which is used to receive reference time indication information sent by a base station, wherein the UE and the base station use a reference clock source as their local reference clock, and the reference time indication information indicates the starting time of the base station sending a reference radio frame, wherein the starting time is aligned with the second pulse of the reference clock source; a time advance determination module, which is used to determine the time advance of sending an uplink signal to the base station based on the reference time indication information; and an access module, which is used to initiate a random access request to the base station based on the time advance. For optional implementations of the random access device, please refer to the aforementioned description of the present disclosure and will not be repeated here.

An exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure provides a timing adjustment device, which is applied to UE. As shown in FIG9 , the timing adjustment device may include: a receiving module, which is used to receive reference time indication information sent by a base station, wherein the UE and the base station use a reference clock source as their local reference clock, and the reference time indication information indicates the starting time of the base station sending a reference wireless frame, wherein the starting time is aligned with the second pulse of the reference clock source; a determining module, which is used to determine a first time advance for sending an uplink signal to the base station based on the reference time indication information; and a sending module, which is used to send the first time advance to the base station, wherein the base station uses the first time advance as a reference for adjusting the second time advance of the UE. The optional implementation of the timing adjustment device can be found in the above description of the present disclosure, which will not be described here.

An exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure provides a timing adjustment device, which is applied to a base station, as shown in FIG10 , and the timing adjustment device may include: a sending module, which is used to send reference time indication information, wherein the base station uses a reference clock source as its local reference clock, and the reference time indication information indicates the starting time of the base station sending a reference wireless frame, wherein the starting time is aligned with the second pulse of the reference clock source; a receiving module, which is used to receive a first time advance sent by a UE, wherein the UE uses the reference clock source as the reference clock, and the UE determines the first time advance for sending an uplink signal to the base station based on the reference time indication information; an adjustment module, which is used to adjust the second time advance of the UE based on the first time advance. The optional implementation of the timing adjustment device can be found in the above description of the present disclosure, which will not be described here.

The exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a user equipment, comprising: at least one processor; and a memory connected to the at least one processor in communication. The memory stores a computer program that can be executed by the at least one processor, and the computer program is used to cause the user equipment to perform the method according to the embodiment of the present disclosure when executed by the at least one processor.

The exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor of a computer, is used to cause the computer to execute the method according to the embodiments of the present disclosure.

The exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a computer program product, including a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor of a computer, the computer is used to enable the computer to perform the method according to the embodiments of the present disclosure.

With reference to Figure 11, a block diagram of an electronic device 1100 that can be used as a user equipment (UE) of the present disclosure will now be described, which is an example of a hardware device that can be applied to various aspects of the present disclosure. The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital electronic computer devices, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants. The electronic device can also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processing, cellular phones, smart phones, wearable devices, and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely examples and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present disclosure described and/or required herein.

As shown in FIG11 , the electronic device 1100 includes a computing unit 1101, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a computer program stored in a read-only memory (ROM) 1102 or a computer program loaded from a storage unit 1108 into a random access memory (RAM) 1103. In the RAM 1103, various programs and data required for the operation of the device 1100 can also be stored. The computing unit 1101, the ROM 1102, and the RAM 1103 are connected to each other via a bus 1104. An input/output (I/O) interface 1105 is also connected to the bus 1104.

Multiple components in the electronic device 1100 are connected to the I/O interface 1105, including: an input unit 1106, an output unit 1107, a storage unit 1108, and a communication unit 1109. The input unit 1106 can be any type of device that can input information to the electronic device 1100, and the input unit 1106 can receive input digital or character information, and generate key signal input related to user settings and/or function control of the electronic device. The output unit 1107 can be any type of device that can present information, and can include but is not limited to a display, a speaker, a video/audio output terminal, a vibrator, and/or a printer. The storage unit 1108 can include but is not limited to a disk, an optical disk. The communication unit 1109 allows the electronic device 1100 to exchange information/data with other devices through a computer network such as the Internet and/or various telecommunication networks, and can include but is not limited to a modem, a network card, an infrared communication device, a wireless communication transceiver, and/or a chipset, such as a Bluetooth device, a WiFi device, a WiMax device, a cellular communication device, and/or the like.

The computing unit 1101 may be a variety of general and/or special processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the computing unit 1101 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various dedicated artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various computing units running machine learning model algorithms, digital signal processors (DSPs), and any appropriate processors, controllers, microcontrollers, etc. The computing unit 1101 performs the various methods and processes described above. For example, in some embodiments, the above method may be implemented as a computer software program, which is tangibly included in a machine-readable medium, such as a storage unit 1108. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program may be loaded and/or installed on the electronic device 1100 via the ROM 1102 and/or the communication unit 1109. In some embodiments, the computing unit 1101 may be configured to perform the above method in any other appropriate manner (e.g., by means of firmware).

The program code for implementing the method of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These program codes may be provided to a processor or controller of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, so that the program code, when executed by the processor or controller, implements the functions/operations specified in the flow chart and/or block diagram. The program code may be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, partially on the machine and partially on a remote machine as a stand-alone software package, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

In the context of the present disclosure, a machine-readable medium may be a tangible medium that may contain or store a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, device, or equipment. A machine-readable medium may be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium. A machine-readable medium may include, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, device, or equipment, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. A more specific example of a machine-readable storage medium may include an electrical connection based on one or more lines, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

As used in this disclosure, the terms "machine-readable medium" and "computer-readable medium" refer to any computer program product, apparatus, and/or device (e.g., disk, optical disk, memory, programmable logic device (PLD)) for providing machine instructions and/or data to a programmable processor, including a machine-readable medium that receives machine instructions as a machine-readable signal. The term "machine-readable signal" refers to any signal for providing machine instructions and/or data to a programmable processor.

To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented on a computer having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user can provide input to the computer. Other types of devices can also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, the feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (including acoustic input, voice input, or tactile input).

Referring to FIG. 12 , FIG. 12 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of an exemplary communication device 1200 of the present disclosure. The communication device 1200 includes at least one processor 1201 , a memory 1203 , and at least one communication interface 1204 .

Processor 1201 is, for example, a general-purpose CPU, a digital signal processor (DSP), a network processor (NP), a GPU, a neural-network processing units (NPU), a data processing unit (DPU), a microprocessor, or one or more integrated circuits or application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC) for implementing the disclosed solution, a programmable logic device (PLD) or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof. PLD is, for example, a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a generic array logic (GAL), or any combination thereof. It can implement or execute various logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in conjunction with the disclosed content of the present disclosure. The processor can also be a combination that implements a computing function, such as a combination of one or more microprocessors, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, and the like.

Optionally, the communication device 1200 further includes a bus 1202. The bus 1202 is used to transmit information between the components of the communication device 1200. The bus 1202 may be a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus or an extended industry standard architecture (EISA) bus. The bus 1202 may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, FIG. 12 only uses one thick line to represent, but does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

The memory 1203 is, for example, a read-only memory (ROM) or other types of storage devices that can store static information and instructions, or a random access memory (RAM) or other types of dynamic storage devices that can store information and instructions, or an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, optical disc storage (including compressed optical disc, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc, Blu-ray disc, etc.), a magnetic disk storage medium or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store the desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto. The memory 1203 is, for example, independent and connected to the processor 1201 through the bus 1202. The memory 1203 can also be integrated with the processor 1201.

The communication interface 1204 uses any transceiver-like device to communicate with other devices or communication networks, and the communication network can be Ethernet, radio access network (RAN) or wireless local area network (WLAN), etc. The communication interface 1204 may include a wired communication interface and may also include a wireless communication interface. Specifically, the communication interface 1204 may be an Ethernet interface, such as a Fast Ethernet (FE) interface, a Gigabit Ethernet (GE) interface, an Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) interface, a WLAN interface, a cellular network communication interface or a combination thereof. The Ethernet interface may be an optical interface, an electrical interface or a combination thereof. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the communication interface 1204 may be used for the communication device 1200 to communicate with other devices.

In a specific implementation, as some embodiments, the processor 1201 may include one or more CPUs, such as CPU0 and CPU1 shown in FIG12. Each of these processors may be a single-core processor or a multi-core processor. The processor here may refer to one or more devices, circuits, and/or processing cores for processing data (e.g., computer program instructions).

In a specific implementation, as some embodiments, the communication device 1200 may include multiple processors, such as the processor 1201 and the processor 1205 shown in Figure 12. Each of these processors may be a single-core processor or a multi-core processor. The processor here may refer to one or more devices, circuits, and/or processing cores for processing data (such as computer program instructions).

In some implementations, the memory 1203 is used to store a program code 1210 for executing the solution of the present disclosure, and the processor 1201 can execute the program code 1210 stored in the memory 1203. That is, the communication device 1200 can implement the random access method or timing adjustment method provided in the method embodiment through the processor 1201 and the program code 1210 in the memory 1203. The program code 1210 may include one or more software modules. Optionally, the processor 1201 itself may also store program codes or instructions for executing the solution of the present disclosure.

In the specific implementation process, the communication device 1200 disclosed in the present invention may correspond to a UE or a base station for executing the above method. The processor 1201 in the communication device 1200 reads the instructions in the memory 1203, so that the communication device 1200 shown in Figure 12 can execute all or part of the steps in the method embodiment.

The communication device 1200 may also correspond to the apparatus shown in FIG. 8, 9 or 10, and each functional module in the apparatus shown in FIG. 8, 9 or 10 is implemented by the software of the communication device 1200. In other words, the functional modules included in the apparatus shown in FIG. 8, 9 or 10 are generated after the processor 1201 of the communication device 1200 reads the program code 1210 stored in the memory 1203.

Among them, each step of the above method is completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware or software instructions in the processor of the communication device 1200. The steps of the method embodiment disclosed in the present disclosure can be directly embodied as being executed by a hardware processor, or can be executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor. The software module can be located in a mature storage medium in the art such as a random access memory, a flash memory, a read-only memory, a programmable read-only memory or an electrically erasable programmable memory, a register, etc. The storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory and completes the steps of the above method embodiment in combination with its hardware. To avoid repetition, it will not be described in detail here.

It should be understood that the processor may be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc. It is worth noting that the processor may be a processor that supports the advanced RISC machines (ARM) architecture.

Further, in an optional embodiment, the memory may include a read-only memory and a random access memory, and provide instructions and data to the processor. The memory may also include a non-volatile random access memory. For example, the memory may also store information about the device type.

The memory may be a volatile memory or a nonvolatile memory, or may include both volatile and nonvolatile memory. Among them, the nonvolatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory may be a random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example but not limitation, many forms of RAM are available. For example, static RAM (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link DRAM (SLDRAM) and direct memory bus random access memory (DR RAM).

Claims (23)

1. A random access method, comprising:

The method comprises the steps that UE receives reference time indication information sent by a base station, wherein the UE and the base station use reference clock source time service as local reference clocks, the base station periodically sends a radio frame serving as a reference radio frame, and when the reference radio frame is sent, the starting point of the radio frame, the starting point of a time slot or the starting point of a symbol of the reference radio frame is adjusted to be aligned with second pulses of the reference clock source at the sending moment of an antenna port, and the reference time indication information is carried by the reference radio frame, wherein the reference time indication information comprises time corresponding to the second pulses and position information of alignment of the reference radio frame and the second pulses;

The UE determines the time advance of sending uplink signals to the base station based on the reference time indication information;

The UE initiates a random access request to the base station based on the time advance.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the UE determining a time advance for transmitting an uplink signal to the base station based on the reference time indication information comprises:

The UE receives the reference radio frame sent by the base station, wherein the reference radio frame carries the reference time indication information;

The UE uses the time service of the reference clock source as a reference clock, and determines the receiving starting moment of the UE for receiving the reference wireless frame;

the UE acquires the reference time indication information from the reference radio frame, and determines the transmission starting moment of the base station for transmitting the reference radio frame based on the reference time indication information;

the UE determines the time advance based on the reception start time and the transmission start time.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the UE determining a time advance for transmitting an uplink signal to the base station based on the reference time indication information comprises:

The UE receives a radio frame sent by a base station, wherein the radio frame carries the reference time indication information and the information of the reference radio frame, and the base station periodically carries the reference time indication information and the information of the reference radio frame in the radio frame;

the UE uses the time service of the reference clock source as a reference clock, and determines the receiving starting moment of the UE for receiving the wireless frame;

The UE acquires the reference time indication information and the information of a reference radio frame from the radio frame, determines a frame interval between the radio frame and the reference radio frame based on the information of the reference radio frame, and determines a transmission starting time of the base station to transmit the radio frame based on the frame interval and the reference time indication information;

the UE determines the time advance based on the reception start time and the transmission start time.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the UE determining a time advance for transmitting an uplink signal to the base station based on the reference time indication information comprises:

The UE receives the reference radio frame sent by the base station, wherein the reference radio frame carries the reference time indication information;

the UE acquires the reference time indication information from the reference radio frame;

the UE receives a wireless frame sent by a base station;

The UE determining a frame interval between the radio frame and the reference radio frame;

The UE determines the transmission starting moment of the base station for transmitting the wireless frame based on the reference time indication information and the frame interval;

the UE uses the time service of the reference clock source as a reference clock, and determines the receiving starting moment of the UE for receiving the wireless frame;

the UE determines the time advance based on the reception start time and the transmission start time.

5. The method as recited in claim 1, further comprising:

and the UE sends the time advance to the base station so that the base station takes the time advance as a reference for adjusting the time advance of the UE.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the UE transmitting the time advance to the base station to cause the base station to reference the time advance for adjusting the time advance of the UE comprises:

the UE converts the time advance into a time proportion parameter, and sends the time proportion parameter to the base station, so that the base station takes the time proportion parameter as a reference for adjusting the time advance of the UE.

7. The method as recited in claim 1, further comprising: the UE receives a first access resource sent by the base station, wherein the first access resource is used for the UE with the distance between the UE and the base station being smaller than a first distance;

The UE initiates a random access request to the base station based on the time advance, including: and when the UE determines that the distance between the UE and the base station is larger than the first distance, the UE initiates a random access request to the base station based on the first access resource and the time advance.

8. The method as recited in claim 7, further comprising: the UE receives a preamble set which is sent by the base station and used for being larger than a first distance;

The UE initiates a random access request to the base station based on the time advance, including: and the UE selects a preamble from the preamble set, and initiates a random access request to the base station based on the time advance by using the selected preamble.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein the UE determining that the distance to the base station is greater than the first distance comprises:

The UE receives a path loss threshold value sent by the base station, determines a path loss value between the UE and the base station based on a downlink signal of the base station, and determines whether the distance between the UE and the base station is larger than the first distance based on the path loss value and the path loss threshold value; or alternatively

The UE determines a path loss value between the UE and the base station based on a downlink signal of the base station, determines a second distance between the UE and the base station based on the path loss value, and determines whether the second distance is larger than the first distance; or alternatively

The UE determines transmission delay based on a receiving starting time and a transmitting starting time, and determines whether the distance between the UE and the base station is larger than the first distance based on the transmission delay; or alternatively

The UE acquires the position information of the UE, receives the position information sent by the base station, determines a second distance between the UE and the base station based on the position information of the UE and the position information of the base station, and determines whether the second distance is larger than the first distance.

10. A timing adjustment method, comprising:

The method comprises the steps that UE receives reference time indication information sent by a base station, wherein the UE and the base station use reference clock source time service as local reference clocks, the base station periodically sends a radio frame serving as a reference radio frame, and when the reference radio frame is sent, the starting point of the radio frame, the starting point of a time slot or the starting point of a symbol of the reference radio frame is adjusted to be aligned with second pulses of the reference clock source at the sending moment of an antenna port, and the reference time indication information is carried by the reference radio frame, wherein the reference time indication information comprises time corresponding to the second pulses and position information of alignment of the reference radio frame and the second pulses;

The UE determines a first time advance for transmitting an uplink signal to the base station based on the reference time indication information;

And the UE sends the first time advance to the base station, wherein the base station takes the first time advance as a reference for the base station to determine the second time advance of the UE.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the base station transmits the reference radio frame in a first period, and the UE determines the first time advance in a second period, wherein the second period is an integer multiple of the first period.

12. The method of claim 10, wherein the UE determines the first time advance in a second period, the method further comprising:

The UE receives a timing adjustment command sent by the base station, wherein the timing adjustment command carries the second time advance, the base station determines according to a third period and sends the second time advance in the timing adjustment command, the third period and the second period are configured to enable a first time point to have a gap with a second time point, the first time point is a time point of the first time advance determined by the UE, and the second time point is a time point of the second time advance determined by the base station;

And the UE determines a second time advance of the uplink signal sent by the UE to the base station based on the second time advance carried by the timing adjustment command.

13. The method of any one of claims 10-12, further comprising:

And if the UE does not receive the new reference radio frame within a preset time after receiving the reference radio frame, the UE stops determining the first time advance based on the reference time indication information, wherein the base station sends the reference radio frame according to a first period.

14. The method according to any of claims 10-12, wherein the timing adjustment method is performed after the UE establishes an RRC connection with the base station.

15. A timing adjustment method, comprising:

The base station sends reference time indication information, wherein the base station uses a reference clock source time service as a local reference clock thereof, the base station periodically sends a radio frame serving as a reference radio frame, and adjusts a radio frame starting point of the reference radio frame, a starting point of a time slot or a starting point of a symbol to be aligned with a second pulse of the reference clock source at the sending moment of an antenna port when sending the reference radio frame, and carries the reference time indication information in the reference radio frame, wherein the reference time indication information comprises time corresponding to the second pulse and position information of alignment of the reference radio frame and the second pulse;

The base station receives a first time advance sent by UE, wherein the UE uses the time service of the reference clock source as a reference clock, and the UE determines the first time advance for sending an uplink signal to the base station based on the reference time indication information;

and the base station determines a second time advance of the UE by taking the first time advance as a reference.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the base station transmits the reference radio frame in a first period, and the UE determines the first time advance in a second period, wherein the second period is an integer multiple of the first period.

17. The method as recited in claim 15, further comprising:

The base station determines and transmits the second time advance according to a third period in the timing adjustment command, wherein the UE receives the timing adjustment command transmitted by the base station, and determines the second time advance of the uplink signal transmitted by the UE to the base station based on the second time advance carried by the timing adjustment command;

The UE determines the first time advance according to a second period, the third period and the second period are configured such that a first time point is spaced from a second time point, the first time point is a time point when the UE determines the first time advance, and the second time point is a time point when the base station determines the second time advance.

18. The method according to any of claims 15-17, wherein the timing adjustment method is performed after the base station establishes an RRC connection with the UE.

19. A random access apparatus for use in a UE, comprising:

The base station is used for receiving reference time indication information sent by the base station, wherein the UE and the base station use a reference clock source time service as a local reference clock thereof, the base station periodically sends a wireless frame serving as a reference wireless frame, and adjusts a wireless frame starting point of the reference wireless frame, a starting point of a time slot or a starting point of a symbol to be aligned with a second pulse of the reference clock source at the sending moment of an antenna port when the reference wireless frame is sent, and carries the reference time indication information in the reference wireless frame, wherein the reference time indication information comprises time corresponding to the second pulse and position information of alignment of the reference wireless frame and the second pulse;

the time advance determining module is used for determining the time advance of the uplink signal sent to the base station based on the reference time indication information;

and the access module is used for initiating a random access request to the base station based on the time advance.

20. A timing adjustment apparatus for use with a UE, comprising:

The base station is used for receiving reference time indication information sent by the base station, wherein the UE and the base station use a reference clock source time service as a local reference clock thereof, the base station periodically sends a wireless frame serving as a reference wireless frame, and adjusts a wireless frame starting point of the reference wireless frame, a starting point of a time slot or a starting point of a symbol to be aligned with a second pulse of the reference clock source at the sending moment of an antenna port when sending the reference wireless frame, and carries the reference time indication information in the reference wireless frame, wherein the reference time indication information comprises time corresponding to the second pulse and position information of the alignment of the reference wireless frame and the second pulse;

the determining module is used for determining a first time advance for transmitting an uplink signal to the base station based on the reference time indication information;

and the sending module is used for sending the first time advance to the base station, wherein the base station takes the first time advance as a reference for adjusting the second time advance of the UE.

21. A timing adjustment device for use in a base station, comprising:

A transmitting module, configured to transmit reference time indication information, where the base station uses a reference clock source time service as a local reference clock thereof, and the base station periodically transmits a radio frame serving as a reference radio frame, and adjusts a radio frame start point of the reference radio frame, a start point of a time slot, or a start point of a symbol to align with a second pulse of the reference clock source at a transmission time of an antenna port when the reference radio frame is transmitted, and carries the reference time indication information in the reference radio frame, where the reference time indication information includes a time corresponding to the second pulse and location information aligned with the second pulse;

the receiving module is used for receiving a first time advance sent by the UE, wherein the UE uses a reference clock source time service as a reference clock, and the UE determines the first time advance for sending an uplink signal to the base station based on the reference time indication information;

and the adjusting module is used for adjusting the second time advance of the UE by taking the first time advance as a reference.

22. A communication device, comprising:

A processor; and

A memory in which a program is stored,

Wherein the program comprises instructions which, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform the method according to any one of claims 1-18.

23. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1-18.