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CN116892815B - A device and method for coupling liquefied air energy storage and cryogenic air separation - Google Patents

A device and method for coupling liquefied air energy storage and cryogenic air separation Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116892815B
CN116892815B CN202310955927.XA CN202310955927A CN116892815B CN 116892815 B CN116892815 B CN 116892815B CN 202310955927 A CN202310955927 A CN 202310955927A CN 116892815 B CN116892815 B CN 116892815B
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China
Prior art keywords
air
liquefied
heat
energy storage
cryogenic
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Application number
CN202310955927.XA
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Chinese (zh)
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CN116892815A (en
Inventor
韩一松
高飞
李良英
谭芳
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Hang Yang Group Co ltd
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Hang Yang Group Co ltd
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Priority to CN202310955927.XA priority Critical patent/CN116892815B/en
Publication of CN116892815A publication Critical patent/CN116892815A/en
Application granted granted Critical
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B35/00—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
    • F04B35/04—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for the means being electric
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/06—Cooling; Heating; Prevention of freezing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04B41/02—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids having reservoirs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0012—Primary atmospheric gases, e.g. air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/0035—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by gas expansion with extraction of work
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/004—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by flash gas recovery
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/0045—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by vaporising a liquid return stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0201—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using only internal refrigeration means, i.e. without external refrigeration
    • F25J1/0202—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using only internal refrigeration means, i.e. without external refrigeration in a quasi-closed internal refrigeration loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J1/0234—Integration with a cryogenic air separation unit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J1/0235—Heat exchange integration
    • F25J1/0242—Waste heat recovery, e.g. from heat of compression
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
    • F25J1/0245—Different modes, i.e. 'runs', of operation; Process control
    • F25J1/0251—Intermittent or alternating process, so-called batch process, e.g. "peak-shaving"
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04012—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling
    • F25J3/04018—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling of main feed air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04163—Hot end purification of the feed air
    • F25J3/04169—Hot end purification of the feed air by adsorption of the impurities
    • F25J3/04181—Regenerating the adsorbents
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
    • F25J3/04812—Different modes, i.e. "runs" of operation
    • F25J3/04842—Intermittent process, so-called batch process
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/24—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using regenerators, cold accumulators or reversible heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/06—Splitting of the feed stream, e.g. for treating or cooling in different ways
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/04—Compressor cooling arrangement, e.g. inter- or after-stage cooling or condensate removal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
    • F25J2240/02—Expansion of a process fluid in a work-extracting turbine (i.e. isentropic expansion), e.g. of the feed stream
    • F25J2240/10—Expansion of a process fluid in a work-extracting turbine (i.e. isentropic expansion), e.g. of the feed stream the fluid being air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
    • F25J2240/90—Hot gas waste turbine of an indirect heated gas for power generation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/40—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams the recycled stream being air
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2260/00—Coupling of processes or apparatus to other units; Integrated schemes
    • F25J2260/20—Integration in an installation for liquefying or solidifying a fluid stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2260/00—Coupling of processes or apparatus to other units; Integrated schemes
    • F25J2260/30—Integration in an installation using renewable energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/62—Details of storing a fluid in a tank

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

The device comprises an air liquefaction energy storage subsystem and an air liquefaction power generation energy release and cryogenic air separation coupling subsystem; in the period of sufficient or valley electricity generation (photoelectricity, wind power and the like) of renewable energy sources, an air liquefaction energy storage subsystem and a cryogenic air separation subsystem operate independently, namely, air is compressed and cooled and liquefied by a compressor and then is stored in a liquid air storage tank by a gas-liquid separator, heat generated in the compression process is stored in a heat storage tank, part of the heat is used as a heat source required in the liquid air energy release stage, and excessive heat is directly or indirectly used for supplying heat or power for industry and commerce.

Description

Device and method for separating and coupling liquefied air energy storage and cryogenic air
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy conversion and air separation energy storage, in particular to a device and a method for separating and coupling liquefied air energy storage and cryogenic air.
Background
In order to balance the regional power load versus supply, large-scale, long-term energy storage technology has become the primary direction of current power technology research. In many energy storage technologies, compared with pumped storage and electrochemical energy storage, liquid air energy storage has the outstanding advantages of low initial investment, large energy storage density, large scale, long energy storage time, cleanness, low carbon, safety, long service life, no limitation by geographical conditions and the like, has wide application scenes, and particularly has special advantages in the fields of renewable energy consumption, power grid peak regulation and frequency modulation, distributed energy, comprehensive energy service and the like. However, because the liquefied air energy storage system has more equipment and relatively complex system, the conventional liquefied air energy storage cycle efficiency is lower, and is generally 40-50%. In addition, the high-purity air environment after expansion power generation is released in the energy release process, so that resource waste is caused. Therefore, aiming at the problems of high-purity air environment release, low electric-electric conversion efficiency, large compressor stage pressure ratio, long cost recovery period and the like after the energy release of the liquefied air energy storage system, the improvement of the overall cycle efficiency of the system becomes the key point and the difficulty of the current colleges and universities and enterprises.
Cryogenic air separation is an important basic device in the field of industrial production, and comprises main processes of compression, precooling, purification, pressurization, refrigeration, heat exchange, rectification and the like, wherein the refrigeration temperature is equivalent to that of a liquefied air energy storage technology, and the production raw material is ambient air. The air separation equipment is high in power consumption, and the peak-to-valley electricity price difference of the time-of-use electricity price mechanism is further increased, so that the power consumption ratio is considerable. If the liquefied air energy storage technology is combined with a conventional air separation device, refrigeration energy levels of the two technologies are accurately matched, raw materials are complemented, namely, the problem of high-purity air emission in the energy release process of the liquefied air energy storage system is solved, the high-purity air raw materials with matched external pressure can be provided for air separation equipment, comprehensive electricity utilization cost of air separation enterprises is reduced, and economic benefit is improved. In addition, the coupling integration of the two can fundamentally solve the problem that the conventional liquefied air energy storage technology is low in electric circulation efficiency, and the improvement of electricity utilization coincidence in the valley period is also beneficial to improving the running efficiency of the generator set and reducing the power load requirement in the peak period.
The patent CN114383384a proposes an air liquefaction and cryogenic air separation process integration method, and the patent adopts a conventional air liquefaction energy storage process, in the process of generating power by liquefied air, liquefied air and low-temperature high-pressure air after a low-temperature pump are directly sent into a rectifying tower in cryogenic air separation equipment to be rectified, so that the cold quantity and substances of the liquefied air are recovered, the electro-electric conversion efficiency of the liquefied air energy storage is improved, but when the loads of compression, precooling, purification, pressurization and refrigeration systems of the cryogenic air separation unit are correspondingly reduced, a complicated and fast-response control system is added for the air separation equipment in actual production, the performance of the cryogenic rectifying tower is disturbed, the rectified gas product is inadequately reheated, and the main heat exchanger exceeds the negative influence of the load range of the cryogenic air separation equipment on the operation, and is not favorable for accurately evaluating and guiding the system to be put into practical application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of high-purity air emptying loss, complicated control and load coupling between liquefied air energy storage and a cryogenic air separation system and the like in the conventional liquefied air energy storage electricity-electricity conversion efficiency and energy release stage. When the two technologies are mutually integrated and coupled, high-purity air in the energy release stage of the conventional liquefied air energy storage device is efficiently and fully recycled in the cryogenic air separation system, and when the two systems are coupled, the operation mode of the cryogenic air separation system is not changed, the load-reducing/increasing operation is not needed, the stable operation of the whole set of air separation system is strongly ensured, and when the two technologies are independently operated, the conventional operation states of the liquefied air energy storage device and the cryogenic air separation device are respectively maintained. Under the condition of not changing the main processes of the conventional cryogenic air device and the liquefied air energy storage device, the control valve and the connecting pipeline between the control valve and the liquefied air energy storage device are additionally arranged to realize the mutual matching and independent operation of the cryogenic air device and the liquefied air energy storage device. The device comprises an air liquefaction energy storage subsystem and a liquefied air power generation energy release and cryogenic air separation coupling subsystem, wherein the air liquefaction energy storage subsystem comprises a compressor, an inter-stage cooler, a post-cooler, a molecular sieve absorber, an expansion refrigerator, a heat storage tank, a gas-liquid separator and a liquefied air storage tank, all the devices are connected through valve control and pipelines, and the liquefied air power generation energy release and cryogenic air separation coupling subsystem comprises a low-temperature pump, an evaporator, a multi-stage reheater, an expansion generator matched with the pressure of the compressor of the cryogenic air separation device, a high-purity air-waste heat utilization heat exchanger and a cold storage tank, and all the devices are connected through valve control and pipelines.
Preferably, an after-cooler and a purification device of a molecular sieve absorber are further arranged in the air liquefaction energy storage subsystem, and the after-cooler and the purification device of the molecular sieve absorber remove carbon dioxide and water from air compressed by the compressor I.
The method is characterized in that the air liquefaction energy storage subsystem is used for directly or indirectly supplying heat or power for industry and commerce, the compression heat in the air liquefaction energy storage subsystem is respectively recovered into two heat storage tanks in two grades, wherein the compression heat with the temperature higher than 100 ℃ is stored in a heat storage tank I, the compression heat with the temperature lower than 100 ℃ is stored in a heat storage tank II, a matched heat source is provided for different forms of heat utilization, the excess heat in the air liquefaction energy storage subsystem is directly used as a reheating heat source for extracting and final-stage high-purity air in an expansion generator in a high-purity air-waste heat utilization heat exchanger, the gas extracted in the expansion generator is used as a pressurized raw gas of a cryogenic air separation subsystem, and the final-stage high-purity air is used as a regeneration gas source of a molecular sieve absorber.
Preferably, the compressors are of a multi-stage structure, the rear of each compressor is connected with a cooler, the rear of each compressor is connected with a group of aftercoolers, and the inlet air temperature of each compressor is reduced, so that the power consumption of the compressors is reduced.
The cooler, the evaporator, the reheater, the air liquefaction heat exchanger and the high-purity air-waste heat utilization heat exchanger are one or two or more of plate-type structures, plate-fin structures, shell-and-tube structures or spiral structures, and the heat exchange mode is forward flow, countercurrent flow or cross-flow;
a method for a device for separating and coupling liquefied air energy storage and cryogenic air, the method comprises a period of sufficient or valley electricity generation of renewable energy sources and a period of lack or non-valley electricity generation of renewable energy sources, wherein the period of sufficient or valley electricity generation of renewable energy sources is that an air liquefied energy storage subsystem and a cryogenic air separation subsystem operate independently of each other,
And in the period of renewable energy shortage or no valley electricity, the liquefied air power generation and energy release system and the cryogenic air separation subsystem are mutually coupled and matched to operate.
The specific using method of the renewable energy source electricity generation sufficient or valley electricity generation time period is as follows:
The method comprises the steps that 1, air in an air liquefaction energy storage subsystem firstly enters a compressor I through an air filter to be compressed, the compressor I is matched with a corresponding inter-stage cooler, and the cooled air enters a post-cooler to be cooled and dehumidified;
Step 2, the treated air is sent to a molecular sieve absorber for purification, the air which is further removed of carbon dioxide and water enters a compressor II for pressurization, the compressor II is matched with a corresponding inter-stage cooler, pure air treated by the inter-stage cooler of the compressor II is sent to an air liquefying heat exchanger for liquefying, a part of the pressurized air is sent to a gas-liquid separator for gas-liquid separation after being expanded by an expansion refrigerator, and the non-liquefied air is sent to an inlet of the compressor II for completing air circulation after cold energy is recovered by the air liquefying heat exchanger;
And 3, sending the liquefied air into a liquefied air storage tank for storage, thereby completing the high-purity air liquefied energy storage process, storing the heat generated in the compression process in a heat storage tank I and a heat storage tank II, taking part of the stored heat as a heat source required in the liquefied air energy release process, and directly or indirectly supplying heat or power for industry and commerce by using the surplus heat.
Preferably, the renewable energy source shortage or non-valley electricity period using method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, pressurizing liquefied air stored in an air liquefaction energy storage subsystem through a low-temperature pump, then sending the pressurized liquefied air into an evaporator for preheating, and recovering and storing the cold energy of the liquefied air into a cold storage tank and taking the cold energy of the liquefied air as part of cold energy in an air liquefaction process;
Step 2, the preheated high-pressure air is expanded to generate power through an expansion generator matched with the pressure of a compressor of the cryogenic air separation equipment, the expansion generator is matched with a corresponding reheater, the high-purity air is generated through the expansion generator and is partially extracted from the expansion generator, and the high-purity air extracted in the middle and the last-stage high-purity air of the expansion generator are reheated in a high-purity air-waste heat utilization heat exchanger with heat storage media from a heat storage tank I and a heat storage tank II which are pressurized through a pump I and a pump II;
And 3, taking the reheated high-purity pressured air as raw material gas for cryogenic air separation, taking high-purity normal-pressure hot air as a regeneration air source of a molecular sieve purification system in the cryogenic air separation equipment, thereby reducing a compression and pressurization system, a precooling system and a purification system required by the cryogenic air separation equipment, realizing the high-purity air recycling of a liquefied air energy storage system and reducing the power consumption of the cryogenic air separation system.
The invention can be used for solving the problems of high electricity consumption in cryogenic air separation, low energy storage electricity-electricity conversion efficiency of conventional liquefied air, high-purity air emptying loss in energy release stage and the like. When the two technologies are integrated and coupled with each other, high-purity air in the energy release stage of the conventional liquefied air energy storage device is effectively and fully recycled and utilized in the cryogenic air separation system, the power consumption of the cryogenic air separation system is greatly reduced by the liquefied air power generation energy release and cryogenic air separation coupling subsystem, the integral circulation efficiency of the liquefied air energy storage system is improved by 12% compared with that of the conventional system, and the conventional operation states of the liquefied air energy storage device and the cryogenic air separation device are respectively maintained when the two technologies are independently operated. Under the condition of not changing the main processes of the conventional cryogenic air device and the liquefied air energy storage device, the control valve and the connecting pipeline between the control valve and the liquefied air energy storage device are additionally arranged to realize the mutual matching and independent operation of the cryogenic air device and the liquefied air energy storage device.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects to be solved more clear, the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations of the invention can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these modifications and adaptations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the device comprises an air liquefaction energy storage subsystem and a liquefied air power generation energy release and cryogenic air separation coupling subsystem, wherein the air liquefaction energy storage subsystem comprises a compressor, an inter-stage cooler, a post cooler, a molecular sieve absorber, an expansion refrigerator, a heat storage tank, a gas-liquid separator and a liquefied air storage tank, and all the devices are connected through valve control and pipelines; the liquefied air power generation energy release and cryogenic air separation coupling subsystem comprises a low-temperature pump, an evaporator, a multi-stage reheater, an expansion generator matched with the pressure of a compressor of cryogenic air separation equipment, a high-purity air-waste heat utilization heat exchanger and a cold storage tank, wherein all the equipment are connected through valve control and pipelines, a post-cooler and a purification device of a molecular sieve absorber are further arranged in the air liquefied energy storage subsystem, the purification device of the post-cooler and the molecular sieve absorber is used for removing carbon dioxide and water from air compressed by the compressor I, surplus heat in the air liquefied energy storage subsystem is directly or indirectly supplied for industrial heat supply or power supply, the compression heat in the air liquefied energy storage subsystem is respectively returned into two heat storage tanks in two grades, the compression heat with the temperature higher than 100 ℃ is stored in the heat storage tank I, the compression heat with the temperature lower than 100 ℃ is stored in the heat storage tank II, matched heat sources are provided for different forms, the surplus heat in the air liquefied energy storage subsystem is directly used as a heat source in the high-purity air-utilization heat exchanger in the final stage of the expansion generator and is used as a heat source to pump the high-purity air, the heat source is used as a raw material of the cryogenic air in the cryogenic air separation system, the final-stage high-purity air is used as a regeneration air source of the molecular sieve absorber, the compressors are of a multi-stage structure, the rear of each compressor is connected with a cooler, the rear of each compressor is connected with a group of aftercoolers, the inlet air temperature of each compressor is reduced, and accordingly the power consumption of the compressors is reduced, and the coolers, the evaporators, the reheaters, the air liquefaction heat exchanger and the high-purity air-waste heat utilization heat exchanger are of one or two or more of a plate type structure, a plate-fin type structure, a shell-and-tube type structure or a spiral type structure, and the heat exchange mode is forward flow, countercurrent flow or cross-flow.
A method for a device for separating and coupling liquefied air energy storage and cryogenic air, the method comprises a period of sufficient or valley electricity generation of renewable energy sources and a period of lack or non-valley electricity generation of renewable energy sources, wherein the period of sufficient or valley electricity generation of renewable energy sources is that an air liquefied energy storage subsystem and a cryogenic air separation subsystem operate independently of each other,
And in the period of renewable energy shortage or no valley electricity, the liquefied air power generation and energy release system and the cryogenic air separation subsystem are mutually coupled and matched to operate.
The specific using method of the renewable energy source in the period of sufficient power generation or valley power generation is as follows:
Step 1, air in the air liquefaction energy storage subsystem firstly enters compressors I2-1 to 2-n for compression through an air filter 1, the compressors I are matched with corresponding inter-stage coolers 3-1 to 3-n, and the cooled air enters an aftercooler 4 for cooling and dehumidifying;
Step 2, the treated air is sent to a molecular sieve absorber for purification, air with carbon dioxide and water removed further enters a compressor II6-1 to 6-m for pressurization, the compressor II is matched with corresponding inter-stage coolers 7-1 to 7-m, pure air treated by the inter-stage coolers of the compressor II is sent to an air liquefying heat exchanger 8 for liquefying, part of the pressurized air is sent to gas-liquid separators 10-1 and 10-2 for gas-liquid separation after being expanded by expansion refrigerators 9-1 and 9-2, and the air which is not liquefied is sent to an inlet of the compressor II for air circulation after cold energy is recovered by the air liquefying heat exchanger 8;
The liquefied air is sent into the liquefied air storage tank 11 to be stored, thereby completing the high-purity air liquefied energy storage process, heat generated in the compression process is stored in the heat storage tank I18-1 and the heat storage tank II18-2, a part of the stored heat is used as a heat source required in the liquefied air energy release process, and the excess heat directly or indirectly supplies heat or power for industry and commerce;
the using method of the renewable energy source starvation or non-valley electricity period is as follows:
Step 1, the liquefied air stored in the air liquefaction energy storage subsystem is pressurized by a low-temperature pump 12 and then sent to an evaporator 13 for preheating, and the cold energy of the liquefied air is recovered and stored in a cold storage tank 14 and used as part of cold energy in the air liquefaction process;
Step 2, the preheated high-pressure air is expanded and generated through expansion generators 16-1 to 16-k which are matched with the pressure of a compressor of the cryogenic air separation equipment, the expansion generators are matched with corresponding reheaters 15-1 to 15-k, the high-purity air is generated through the expansion generators and is partially extracted from the expansion generators, and the high-purity air extracted in the middle and last-stage high-purity air of the expansion generators and the heat storage medium from a heat storage tank I18-1 and a heat storage tank II18-2 which are pressurized through a pump I19-1 and a pump II19-2 are reheated in a high-purity air-waste heat utilization heat exchanger 17;
And 3, taking the reheated high-purity pressured air as raw material gas for cryogenic air separation, taking high-purity normal-pressure hot air as a regeneration air source of a molecular sieve purification system in the cryogenic air separation equipment, thereby reducing a compression and pressurization system, a precooling system and a purification system required by the cryogenic air separation equipment 20, realizing the high-purity air recycling of a liquefied air energy storage system and reducing the power consumption of the cryogenic air separation system.
Specific examples: for example, in the period of sufficient or valley electricity of renewable energy power generation, photoelectricity, wind power and the like, normal temperature and pressure air firstly passes through an air filter 1 and then is compressed to about 8 kg by using compressors I2-1 to 2-n, an inter-stage cooler is arranged in the compressor I, heat generated in the compression process is respectively transferred to two heat storage tanks I18-1 and II18-2 with different temperatures in two stages through matching with the corresponding inter-stage coolers 3-1 to 3-n for storage, cooled air enters a post-cooler 4 for cooling and dehumidifying, the treated air is sent to a molecular sieve absorber for purification, air with further carbon dioxide and water removed enters compressors II6-1 to 6-m for pressurization to about 100 kg, the compression heat of the compressor II is respectively transferred to the two heat storage tanks I18-1 and II18-2 with different temperatures in two stages through matching with the corresponding inter-stage coolers 7-1 to 7-m for storage, the pure air treated by the interstage cooler of the compressor II is sent into the air liquefying heat exchanger 8 for liquefying, a part of the pressurized air with the temperature of about 200K is pumped out of the air liquefying heat exchanger 8 and is sent into the expansion refrigerator 9-2 for expansion, the temperature of the rest pressurized air is reduced to about 115K after the pressurized air is completely exchanged from the air liquefying heat exchanger 8 and is sent into the expansion refrigerator 9-1 for expansion and liquefying, the high-purity air expanded by the two expansion refrigerators 9-1 and 9-2 is sent into the gas-liquid separators 10-1 and 10-2 for gas-liquid separation, about 47 percent of the non-liquefied air is recycled by the air liquefying heat exchanger 8 for cold energy, the high-purity air with the temperature of about 276K and about 8 kg after reheating is sent into the inlet of the compressor II for air circulation, the liquefied air is sent into the liquefied air storage tank 11 for storage, thereby completing the high-purity air liquefaction energy storage process, the heat generated in the compression process is stored in the heat storage tank I18-1 and the heat storage tank II18-2, a part of the stored heat is used as a heat source required by the liquefied air energy release process, and the surplus heat directly or indirectly supplies heat or power for industry and commerce.
In the period of renewable energy shortage or no valley electricity, the liquefied air power generation and energy release system and the cryogenic air separation subsystem are mutually coupled and matched to operate: the liquefied air stored in the air liquefaction energy storage subsystem is pressurized to about 100 kg through the low-temperature pump 12 and then sent to the evaporator 13 for preheating, the cold energy of the liquefied air is recovered and stored in the cold storage tank 14 and used as part of cold energy in the air liquefaction process, the preheated high-pressure air is expanded and generated through expansion generators 16-1 to 16-k which are matched with the pressure of a compressor of the cryogenic air separation device, the expansion generators are matched with corresponding reheaters 15-1 to 15-k, the high-purity air is generated through the expansion generators, part of the high-pressure high-purity air is pumped out of the expansion generators, the pumped high-purity air and the final-stage high-purity air of the expansion generators are reheated in the high-purity air-waste heat utilization heat exchanger 17 through the pump I19-1 and the pump II-2 with the heat storage medium pressurized by the pump II-1, and the high-purity hot air is used as raw material gas for cryogenic air separation, and the high-purity hot air is used as a regeneration gas source of a cryogenic air separation molecular sieve purification system, so that compression and system, a precooling system and a precooling system and a pre-cooling system are needed by the cryogenic air separation device 20 are reduced, the energy storage and high-storage efficiency are reduced, and the conventional energy storage and the air conversion efficiency is reduced by the high-purity air separation system is realized, and the high-consumption air is reduced by the air and the air consumption system is recovered.
The liquefied air power generation and energy release subsystem is different from a conventional liquefied air power generation subsystem in that the expansion series of an expansion generator is matched with the pressures of an air compressor and a booster of a cryogenic air separation subsystem, and the cryogenic air separation device comprises conventional flow forms such as internal compression, external compression, self-boosting and the like.

Claims (6)

1. The device for separating and coupling the liquefied air energy storage and the cryogenic air comprises an air liquefied energy storage subsystem and a liquefied air power generation energy release and cryogenic air separation and coupling subsystem, and is characterized in that the air liquefied energy storage subsystem comprises a compressor, an inter-stage cooler, a post-cooler, a molecular sieve absorber, an expansion refrigerator, a heat storage tank, a gas-liquid separator and a liquefied air storage tank, and all the devices are connected through valve control and pipelines; the liquefied air power generation energy release and cryogenic air separation coupling subsystem comprises a low-temperature pump, an evaporator, a multi-stage reheater, an expansion generator matched with the pressure of a compressor of cryogenic air separation equipment, a high-purity air-waste heat utilization heat exchanger and a cold storage tank, wherein all the equipment are connected through valve control and pipelines, a post-cooler and a purification device of a molecular sieve absorber are further arranged in the air liquefied energy storage subsystem, the purification device of the post-cooler and the molecular sieve absorber is used for removing carbon dioxide and water from air compressed by the compressor I, surplus heat in the air liquefied energy storage subsystem is directly or indirectly supplied for industrial heat supply or power supply, the compression heat in the air liquefied energy storage subsystem is respectively returned into two heat storage tanks in two grades, the compression heat with the temperature higher than 100 ℃ is stored in the heat storage tank I, the compression heat with the temperature lower than 100 ℃ is stored in the heat storage tank II, matched heat sources are provided for different forms, the surplus heat in the air liquefied energy storage subsystem is directly used as a heat source in the high-purity air-utilization heat exchanger, the surplus heat in the final stage of the air liquefied energy storage subsystem is used as a heat source in the expansion generator and is used for extracting the high-purity air, the heat source is used as a raw material gas of the cryogenic air in the cryogenic air separation system, the final-stage high-purity air is used as a regeneration air source of the molecular sieve adsorber.
2. The device for separating and coupling liquefied air energy storage and cryogenic air according to claim 1, wherein the compressors are of a multi-stage structure, a cooler is connected to the rear of each compressor, a group of aftercoolers are connected to the rear of each compressor, and the temperature of air at the inlet of each compressor is reduced, so that the power consumption of the compressors is reduced.
3. The device for separating and coupling liquefied air energy storage and cryogenic air according to claim 1, wherein the cooler, the evaporator, the reheater, the air liquefaction heat exchanger and the high-purity air-waste heat utilization heat exchanger are one or a combination of two or more of plate-type structures, plate-fin structures, shell-and-tube structures or spiral structures, and the heat exchange mode is forward flow, reverse flow or cross flow.
4. A method for separating and coupling liquefied air energy storage and cryogenic air is applied to the device for separating and coupling liquefied air energy storage and cryogenic air according to any one of claims 1-3, and is characterized by comprising two time periods, namely a renewable energy generation sufficient or valley electricity time period and a renewable energy shortage or non-valley electricity time period, wherein the air liquefied energy storage subsystem and the cryogenic air separation subsystem operate independently in the renewable energy shortage or non-valley electricity time period, and the liquefied air power generation energy release system and the cryogenic air separation subsystem operate in a mutually coupled and matched mode in the renewable energy generation sufficient or valley electricity time period.
5. The method for separating and coupling liquefied air energy storage and cryogenic air according to claim 4, wherein the specific using method of the renewable energy source in the sufficient power generation or valley power period is as follows:
The method comprises the steps that 1, air in an air liquefaction energy storage subsystem firstly enters a compressor I through an air filter (1) to be compressed, the compressor I is matched with a corresponding inter-stage cooler, and the cooled air enters a post-cooler (4) to be cooled and dehumidified;
step 2, the treated air is sent to a molecular sieve absorber for purification, the air which is further removed of carbon dioxide and water enters a compressor II for pressurization, the compressor II is matched with a corresponding inter-stage cooler, pure air treated by the inter-stage cooler of the compressor II is sent to an air liquefying heat exchanger (8) for liquefying, part of the pressurized air is sent to a gas-liquid separator for gas-liquid separation after being expanded by an expansion refrigerator, and the unliquified air is sent to an inlet of the compressor II for completing air circulation after cold energy is recovered by the air liquefying heat exchanger (8);
and 3, delivering the liquefied air into a liquefied air storage tank (11) for storage, thereby completing the high-purity air liquefied energy storage process, storing the heat generated in the compression process in a heat storage tank I and a heat storage tank II, taking part of the stored heat as a heat source required in the liquefied air energy release process, and directly or indirectly supplying heat or power for industry and commerce by using the surplus heat.
6. The method of separating and coupling liquefied air stored energy and cryogenic air according to claim 5, wherein the renewable energy starvation or non-valley electricity period is used as follows:
Step 1, pressurizing liquefied air stored in an air liquefaction energy storage subsystem by a low-temperature pump (12), then sending the pressurized liquefied air into an evaporator (13) for preheating, and recovering and storing the cold energy of the liquefied air in a cold storage tank (14) and taking the cold energy of the liquefied air as part of cold energy in an air liquefaction process;
Step 2, the preheated high-pressure air is expanded and generated by an expansion generator matched with the pressure of a compressor of the cryogenic air separation equipment, the expansion generator is matched with a corresponding reheater, the high-purity air is generated by the expansion generator and is partially extracted from the expansion generator, and the high-purity air extracted in the middle and the last-stage high-purity air of the expansion generator are reheated in a high-purity air-waste heat utilization heat exchanger (17) with heat storage media from a heat storage tank I (18-1) and a heat storage tank II (18-2) through pumps I (19-1) and pumps II (19-2);
And 3, taking the reheated high-purity pressured air as raw material gas for cryogenic air separation, taking high-purity normal-pressure hot air as a regeneration air source of a molecular sieve purification system in the cryogenic air separation equipment, thereby reducing a compression and pressurization system, a precooling system and a purification system required by the cryogenic air separation equipment (20), realizing the high-purity air recycling of a liquefied air energy storage system and reducing the power consumption of the cryogenic air separation system.
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