CN116865834B - Method for self-organizing network application in constellation signal coverage range - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for self-organizing network application in a constellation signal coverage range, which comprises the following steps: track selection is performed by considering factors of various aspects; the initial coverage capacity of each altitude satellite is accurately predicted by adopting an AI technology; after receiving the space mission, the local distribution constellation establishes an air self-networking wireless network system through the intelligent perception subsystem and the terahertz technology; each sub-node of the intelligent perception subsystem stores and analyzes the data transmitted by the radio wave through the receiver; reporting the analysis result to an analysis decision subsystem and then issuing an instruction to a matching execution subsystem for matching a preset scheme; signal enhancement occurs when the radio wave signal fluctuates beyond the attenuation threshold. The method can solve the problems that in the prior art, the satellite number is excessive under the condition that the earth covering capacity of the satellite constellation meets the basic condition of the earth covering capacity of the satellite constellation, and the selected orbit type is unsuitable in the constellation design process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of 6G satellite constellations, and particularly relates to a method for self-organizing network application in a constellation signal coverage range.
Background
Satellites are spacecraft that fly by providing centripetal force by means of earth gravitational attraction, and always fly around the earth at a certain speed. In general, satellites cannot be fixed above a certain point of the earth, the coverage area of the satellites varies continuously along with the change of time, in most cases, different communication in a global or specific area is difficult to realize by one satellite, and a plurality of satellites are required to cooperate to complete a fixed space-time relationship among the satellites to form a satellite constellation if the satellites keep a fixed space-time geometric configuration.
The satellite constellation configuration is a description of the spatial distribution, orbit type and relationship among satellites in a constellation, and the constellation design technology directly determines the networking structure type adopted by a satellite network, so that the link state collection, route calculation and packet forwarding in the network are greatly influenced. In the prior art, the problem that the satellite number is excessive under the condition that the earth covering capacity of a satellite constellation is met and the problem that the selected orbit type in the constellation design process is unsuitable exist.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for self-organizing network application based on constellation signal coverage, and the problem that the satellite number is excessive under the condition that the ground coverage capacity of the satellite constellation meets the ground coverage capacity basic condition in the prior art and the problem that the selected orbit type is unsuitable in the constellation design process are solved by realizing local distribution constellation to provide self-organizing network application through 6G combined with artificial intelligent sensing nodes.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for constellation signal coverage based ad hoc network applications, comprising:
Firstly, selecting the orbit type of a local distribution constellation and reducing the number of satellites after meeting the basic condition of the earth covering capability of the satellite constellation;
Secondly, after receiving the space mission, the local distribution constellation realizes the sensing and collection of multi-azimuth and multi-dimensional data by constructing an ad hoc network wireless network system.
In order to optimize the technical scheme, the specific measures adopted further comprise:
Firstly, selecting an orbit type according to illumination, load acting distance, relative distance change, influence of space environment and mutual motion relation among satellites, and predicting the initial coverage capacity of each altitude satellite by adopting an AI technology;
the track types include circular tracks and elliptical tracks.
In the second step, an intelligent autonomous operation and maintenance management system of the elastic communication network is firstly constructed, wherein the intelligent autonomous operation and maintenance management system comprises an intelligent perception subsystem, an analysis decision subsystem and a matching execution subsystem;
after receiving the space missions, the local distribution constellation establishes an air ad hoc network wireless network system through the intelligent perception subsystem and the terahertz technology to carry out local networking on the space missions and complete the missions;
each sub-node of the intelligent perception subsystem stores and analyzes data transmitted by radio waves through a receiver;
after the analysis result is reported to the analysis decision subsystem, the analysis decision subsystem issues instructions to the matching execution subsystem, and after matching the preset schemes, the satellites in the range of the constellation are informed to execute various preset schemes.
The terahertz technology is used for transmitting the wireless signal to a ground receiving end by converting the original transmitted signal into terahertz waves and forming a plasma reflection array in an intelligent environment above the ground when the wireless signal is severely attenuated and has strong signal interference, and transmitting the signal to the air.
The wireless signal enhancement prediction model adopted by the terahertz technology is that X (k+1) =X (k) ×P
Wherein: x (k) represents a state vector of the trend analysis and prediction object at time t=k, P represents a one-step transition probability matrix, and X (k+1) represents a state vector of the trend analysis and prediction object at time t=k+1.
In the second step, through the inter-satellite switching program, when the orbit runs to different positions, the mixing and single constellation switching are performed according to different received space missions.
The conditions of the inter-satellite handover procedure described above are: (re+h) cos (alpha/2) > = re+hp
H is the satellite altitude, hp is the distance between the inter-satellite link and the earth's surface, and Re is the earth's radius.
When the fluctuation of the radio wave signal exceeds the attenuation threshold, the local distribution constellation adopts relay nodes HFH and UAV of the constellation to deploy signal receivers to filter interference, so that the signal enhancement purpose is achieved, and the signal coverage areas of HFH and UAV are enhanced.
The attenuation threshold is divided into: a rain communication radio wave attenuation rate threshold; cloud and fog communication radio wave attenuation rate threshold; a snowing communication radio wave attenuation rate threshold; a dust climate characteristic decay rate threshold.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. The factors such as illumination, load acting distance, relative distance change, influence of space environment and mutual motion relation among satellites are fully considered for orbit selection; the initial coverage capacity of each altitude satellite is accurately predicted by adopting an AI technology;
2. the local distribution constellation is combined with terahertz to form an air self-networking wireless network system through an intelligent perception subsystem to carry out local networking aiming at space missions and complete the missions, and the cooperation of all satellites is not needed for completing the missions once in the prior art.
3. The intelligent perception subsystem is combined with terahertz to construct an air self-networking wireless network system; when the fluctuation of the radio wave signal exceeds the attenuation threshold, the relay node HFH and the UAV deployment signal receiver adopting the constellation filter the interference to achieve the purpose of enhancing the signal, and the coverage area of the HFH and the UAV signal is enhanced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the coverage area and communicable area of a satellite;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of an intelligent autonomous operation and maintenance management system of an elastic communication network.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Although the steps of the present invention are arranged by reference numerals, the order of the steps is not limited, and the relative order of the steps may be adjusted unless the order of the steps is explicitly stated or the execution of a step requires other steps as a basis. It is to be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein relates to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for application of an ad hoc network in a constellation signal coverage area according to the present invention includes:
Step one, constellation design. First, an appropriate orbit type is selected, and then orbit selection is performed by taking various factors into consideration, such as illumination, load acting distance, relative distance change, influence of space environment, and mutual motion relationship between satellites. Secondly, after the basic condition of the earth covering capability of the satellite constellation is met, the number of satellites is reduced as much as possible. The invention creatively adopts the AI technology to accurately predict the initial coverage capacity of each altitude satellite, as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Primary characteristics and prediction Table for non-ground nodes
Depending on the actual purpose of use, coverage requirements, and technical level, the satellite orbit may take many forms, with the selection of the appropriate orbit type being the first step in the constellation design.
Generally, the requirements of tasks on the orbits, such as illumination, load acting distance, relative distance change, influence of space environment, mutual motion relation among satellites and the like, need to be considered, and the factors of all aspects need to be fully considered for orbit selection.
To describe the motion of the satellites, a geocentric equatorial inertial coordinate system O c-xyz：Oc can be introduced coincident with the earth's center, with the x-axis pointing at the spring point in the equatorial plane and the y-axis perpendicular to the x-axis, with the z-axis being determined by right hand rules, pointing at the north satellite's motion in the inertial coordinate system, which can be represented by 6 classical orbital elements.
The method comprises the following steps:
① A track semi-long axis a;
② The track eccentricity e;
③ Track inclination i;
④ The rising intersection point is right through omega;
⑤ A near-spot center angle omega;
⑥ Time r of satellite flying through near place
In addition to this, there are several other common parameters, such as orbit height H, near point angle f, average satellite movement angular velocity n, orbit period T, satellite-to-earth distance r, etc., which are related as follows
H＝r-Re
U=ω+f (formula 4)
Where R e is the earth radius (typically 6378 km), μ is the kepler constant, and is the angular distance of the intersection point, also called the phase angle, the latitude argument, and represents the angle measured from the intersection point to the satellite at the moment according to the direction of motion of the satellite.
Let r time satellite run to a certain position, then satellite is from the place angle of getting close to the point to be called average near point angle M, concrete calculation method is as follows.
The coverage angle θ is a basic parameter describing the coverage capability of a satellite, and is also a basic parameter determining the coverage capability of a satellite constellation to the earth, and the coverage area of the satellite is defined as the area surrounded by the tangent line of the satellite leading to the earth, i.e. the area of the ground surrounded by the edge line of the satellite that can be just observed when the elevation angle of the ground terminal antenna is 0=0°. The coverage area and communicable area of the satellite are shown in fig. 1.
The area surrounded by the upper half of the arc of TT in FIG. 2 (a) is the satellite coverage area. However, due to the influence of the ground and ground noise, when the elevation angle θ 1 =0° of the ground station terminal to the satellite is greater than a certain value, the satellite cannot perform effective communication, and the value is the minimum elevation angle, and the value is recorded as θ min, and effective communication can be performed between the ground terminal and the satellite only in the area where the elevation angle of the antenna is greater than θ min, and at this time, the ground area surrounded by the edge line of the minimum elevation angle of the antenna is the communicable area of the satellite. As shown in fig. 2 (b), the method for calculating the center angle β of the communication area, the minimum elevation angle θ min of the antenna, and the orbit height H is as follows:
Therefore, when the orbit heights are the same, the larger the minimum elevation angle required by satellite system communication is, the more satellites which can communicate and run on the circular orbit are, the less variation is caused in the height from the ground, the running speed and the coverage characteristics, the satellite system communication system is suitable for the global uniform coverage constellation, and the orbit inclination angle can be arbitrarily selected from 0 degrees to 90 degrees. The elliptical orbit is very beneficial to regional coverage, the height, the running speed and the coverage range of the satellite running on the elliptical orbit are different according to the positions on the orbit, the running speed of the satellite near a remote place is low, the running time is long, and the characteristic can be utilized to realize continuous long-time coverage of a specific area. When the orbit inclination is 63.4 or 116.6, the influence of the earth's gravity is negligible, but the coverage in low latitude areas is unfavorable, and the number of satellites can be greatly reduced by selecting the orbit inclination to be similar to the average latitude of the coverage area.
Step two, constellation classification mainly comprises: according to the spatial distribution of satellites in the constellation, according to the angle of the orbital configuration, according to the application and function of the constellation and according to the coverage angle. And carrying out different innovative optimization according to different classification characteristics. Firstly, after receiving the space mission, the local distribution constellation realizes the sensing and collection of multi-azimuth and multi-dimensional data by constructing an ad hoc network wireless network system. The local distribution constellation is combined with the terahertz to form an air self-networking wireless network system through an intelligent perception subsystem to carry out local networking on the space mission to complete the mission, and the cooperation of all satellites is not needed for completing the mission once in the prior art. Next, the analysis of the data transmitted by the intelligent perception subsystem through the receiver storage and analysis of the radio wave comprises the data source marking. And reporting the analysis result to an analysis decision subsystem, then sending an instruction to a matching execution subsystem, and after matching a preset scheme, informing satellites in the range of the constellation to execute various preset schemes. Then, when the fluctuation of the radio wave signal exceeds the attenuation threshold, the relay node HFH and the UAV deployment signal receiver adopting the constellation filter the interference to achieve the purpose of enhancing the signal, and the coverage area of the HFH and the UAV signal is enhanced. The core technical points are as follows:
And (3) a step of: firstly, an intelligent autonomous operation and maintenance management system of an elastic communication network is constructed, wherein the intelligent autonomous operation and maintenance management system comprises an intelligent perception subsystem, an analysis decision subsystem and a matching execution subsystem; and after receiving the space missions, the local distribution constellation realizes the sensing and the acquisition of multi-azimuth and multi-dimensional data by constructing an ad hoc network wireless network system. The local distribution constellation is combined with terahertz to form an air self-networking wireless network system through an intelligent perception subsystem to carry out local networking aiming at space missions and complete the missions, and the cooperation of all satellites is not needed for completing the missions once in the prior art.
And II: the intelligent perception subsystem combines terahertz to construct an air self-networking wireless network system flow. Each sub-node of the intelligent perception subsystem stores and analyzes the analysis (including the data source mark) of the data transmitted by the radio wave through the receiver. And reporting the analysis result to an analysis decision subsystem, then sending an instruction to a matching execution subsystem, and after matching a preset scheme, informing satellites in the range of the constellation to execute various preset schemes.
Thirdly,: when the fluctuation of the radio wave signal exceeds the attenuation threshold, the relay node HFH and the UAV deployment signal receiver adopting the constellation filter the interference to achieve the purpose of enhancing the signal, and the coverage area of the HFH and the UAV signal is enhanced.
The explanation of the related terms is as follows:
An aerospace system consisting of a satellite constellation (hereinafter simply referred to as "constellation") is called a satellite constellation system. The constellation is mainly divided into two types: one is a constellation of satellites in the same orbit plane arranged in equal phase intervals; another is a constellation of satellites in different orbit planes arranged in equally spaced phases. Conceptually, a constellation belongs to a distributed satellite system, in which a plurality of satellites are typically spread out on an orbit to achieve an expansion of the overall system functionality.
UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle): unmanned aircraft
HAPS: the high altitude platform (HAPS: high Altitude Platform Station) communication system places a wireless base station on an aircraft that stays aloft for a long time to provide telecommunication services, is considered as a broadband wireless access means with good potential application value after 2010. If the height is 20km, a communication area with a ground coverage radius of about 500km can be realized
VLEO: constellation of
Distributed MIMO: multiple-input multiple-output (mulTIple input mulTIple output, MIMO) wireless transmission technology opens a new era of mobile communication system space resource development and utilization.
(1) According to the spatial distribution of satellites in a constellation
The constellations can be divided into global distribution constellations and local distribution constellations. Satellites in the global distribution constellation are scattered on a spherical surface taking the earth center as the center, and have certain symmetry relative to the earth center; satellites in the local distribution constellation form a satellite that moves around the earth, and all satellites cooperate to accomplish a mission.
Disadvantages: the local distribution constellation requires cooperation of all satellites to complete a task.
Core technology point one:
firstly, constructing an intelligent autonomous operation and maintenance management system of an elastic communication network shown in fig. 3, wherein the intelligent autonomous operation and maintenance management system comprises an intelligent perception subsystem, an analysis decision subsystem and a matching execution subsystem;
And after receiving the space missions, the local distribution constellation realizes the sensing and the acquisition of multi-azimuth and multi-dimensional data by constructing an ad hoc network wireless network system. And executing various management strategies, configuration commands and planning schemes. The local distribution constellation is combined with the terahertz to form an air self-networking wireless network system through an intelligent perception subsystem to carry out local networking on the space mission to complete the mission, and the cooperation of all satellites is not needed for completing the mission once in the prior art.
After receiving the space mission, the local distribution constellation is responsible for 'perception' through the intelligent perception subsystem, the analysis decision subsystem is responsible for 'planning, analysis and decision', the configuration execution subsystem is responsible for 'execution and configuration', and the storage data center is responsible for data storage. The system software adopts a service-oriented architecture, and the management function is based on service design and can carry out flexible recombination according to the requirement.
Core technology point two:
the intelligent perception subsystem combines terahertz to construct an air ad hoc network wireless network system flow:
S1, firstly, all sub-nodes of the intelligent perception subsystem store and analyze data transmitted by radio waves through a receiver, wherein the analysis comprises data source marks, and the data source marks comprise original perception data, fusion data, associated data, topology situation information, flow situation information, alarm situation information, resource situation information, service situation information, network system/network element operation situation information, physical resources and virtual resources.
S2, reporting the analysis result to the analysis decision subsystem, then issuing an instruction to the matching execution subsystem, and after matching a preset scheme, informing a satellite execution scheme in the range of the constellation.
Presetting scheme 1, wireless signal enhancement scheme and various air commercial services.
Firstly, constructing a 6G satellite base station or constellation, constructing a wireless signal enhancement prediction model based on a Markov chain algorithm, and testing the uplink signal of the same user by means of distributed MIMO in a multi-satellite joint transmission technology; that is, the multiple satellites simultaneously receive the current user uplink signal, collect satellite radio wave data of the received signal, and all the other satellites except the first receiving satellite are data copies.
Secondly, the terahertz signal technology is innovatively adopted to transmit the uplink signals of the current users to the multiple satellites and simultaneously transmit the analog signals to select the optimal channel. And optimizing multipath channels between the transmitter and the receiver, respectively obtaining and grading index values after signal energy, noise and interference, channel delay, transmission rate, channel bandwidth and error rate, and taking the channel with the highest grading as the optimized channel for next transmission. And selecting the optimal channel enhancement signal transmission to reduce channel fading.
And then, when the first received wireless data is compared with the data copy data, using the first received data as analysis data. And otherwise, using the data copy of the optimal channel as analysis data.
Finally, the data analyzed in the last step is put into the wireless signal enhancement prediction model to predict the probability of each satellite node receiving the enhancement of the uplink signal in the lower time period (millisecond, second and minute). Thereby completing the enhanced non-terrestrial communication prediction.
The terahertz signal technology has the advantages that:
When the wireless signal attenuation is serious and the signal is interfered strongly, the plasma reflection array in the intelligent environment is formed above the ground by converting the original transmitted signal into terahertz waves and utilizing the advantages of more data channels of the terahertz wireless signal (the channel number exceeds the rate which can be met by the wireless protocol of E802.11). And the wireless signal is efficiently transmitted to a ground receiving end and is sent to the air.
The specific description is as follows:
Building a formula of (wireless signal enhancement prediction model): X (k+1) =x (k) ×p)
In the formula: x (k) represents a state vector of the trend analysis and prediction object at time t=k, P represents a one-step transition probability matrix, and X (k+1) represents a state vector of the trend analysis and prediction object at time t=k+1. A rectangular set is generated by accessing wireless data stored on an empty constellation.
Comprising the following steps: the user terminal UE, the satellite node name, the signal gain value (db, the current signal strength condition and the propagation delay (ms) can be obtained by comparing the previous gain degree current gain db with the previous gain db=the current signal gain condition and combining the propagation delay.
Upper period wireless signal gain (db) probability 0.3, 0.7
Probability of radio signal strength gain transition (db) in current period [ 0.6, 0.4 ]
Probability of weakening gain transition (db) of wireless signal in current period [ 0.3, 0.7 ]
Calculated by a model, X (k+1) =X (k) ×P
The following period wireless signal becomes strong gain transition probability:
0.3x0.6+0.3x0.7＝0.39
the following period wireless signal weakens the gain transition probability:
0.3x0.4+7x0.7＝0.61
Finally, the next period signal gain transition probability [ 0.39.0.61 ] is combined with the current gain (dB) through the prediction operation result [ transmission efficiency prediction model ], and the method is according to the industry universal 3dB rule: each increase or decrease of 3dB means a doubling or half decrease in power. Predicting future signals
1. -3DB = 1/2 power; 2. -6dB = 1/4 power;
3. +3 db=2 power; 4. +6db=4 power;
(2) According to the angle of the track configuration
Constellations can be divided into homogeneous constellations and heterogeneous constellations. The orbits of the satellites with the same isomorphic satellites have the same half length and the same eccentricity as points relative to the plane of the satellite, and the satellites with the same quantity and the same distribution in each orbit are in parallel and are formed into heterogeneous constellations. For example: a common walker constellation is a homogeneous constellation.
(3) Application and function according to constellation
Constellations can be divided into single-function constellations and mixed-function constellations. For a specific application, a constellation loaded with the same type of load is called a single-function constellation, for example, satellites in a constellation such as a communication constellation, a navigation constellation and the like are loaded with different loads, and a constellation oriented to the same space mission is called a mixed-function constellation, for example, a ground observation satellite constellation consisting of a synthetic aperture radar (SYNTHETIEAPEE RADAR, SAR) satellite, an electronic investigation satellite and a visible light imaging satellite.
Innovative: the mixed function constellation comprises a plurality of single constellations, and through an inter-satellite switching program, when the orbit runs to different positions, the mixed and single constellation switching is carried out according to different received space missions.
Inter-satellite handoff procedure: that is, two satellites establish an inter-satellite link through a condition preset by a handoff procedure, and the position thereof must satisfy the following condition:
(Re+h)cos(alpha/2)>＝Re+Hp
Where h is the satellite altitude, hp is the clearance (the distance between the inter-satellite link and the earth's surface), and Re is the earth radius. The minimum clearance corresponds to the maximum inter-satellite geocentric angle alpha (max). When alpha < alpha (max), an inter-satellite link can be established between two satellites, otherwise, a link cannot be established.
(4) According to the coverage angle
Constellations can be divided into global coverage, latitude band coverage, and regional coverage constellations. Strict global coverage constellation refers to a constellation with a coverage of-180 degrees and-90 degrees, whereas in general, a constellation with a coverage of-180 degrees and-1 degrees (more than or equal to >60, i.e. the main distribution area of the earth population) is also referred to as a global coverage constellation. Latitude band coverage constellation refers to a constellation with a coverage range of-180 degrees and latitude-180 degrees. Due to its specificity and the different methods of satellite constellation design, latitude zone coverage includes both persistent polar zone (from a latitude to either the south or north polar zone) coverage and persistent equatorial zone coverage. An area coverage constellation refers to a constellation that achieves coverage for any given area on the earth's surface, where any given area generally refers to an area having a longitude range of less than 360 °.
Core technology point three: when the fluctuation of the radio wave signal exceeds the attenuation threshold, the relay node HFH and the UAV deployment signal receiver adopting the constellation filter the interference to achieve the purpose of enhancing the signal, and the coverage area of the HFH and the UAV signal is enhanced.
The radio wave signal attenuation threshold program specifically describes:
Radio waves are affected by air pressure, water vapor pressure, etc. when traveling in air, and also by temperature. The radio wave has an attenuation rate of gamma o in dry air and an attenuation rate of gamma w in water vapor in dB/km. The attenuation rate of radio waves in dry air is in dB/km. Wherein the radio wave fluctuates greatly with an increase in frequency in the dry air, and a plurality of peaks occur; the total decay rate in air is the sum of the decay rate caused by dry air and the decay rate caused by moisture. A fluctuating multimodal condition occurs. The total attenuation rate of radio waves in air varies with the density of moisture. The decay rate varies with different frequencies and water vapor density, increasing with density. The increase in the decay rate is more pronounced.
Setting a radio wave signal attenuation threshold program: the interference filtering procedure is performed when the fluctuations exceed the radio wave threshold.
The threshold mainly comprises four typical weather conditions of rainwater communication, cloud, fog communication, snowfall communication and sand and dust climate), different natural weather and different calculation formulas.
1. Rainwater communication radio wave attenuation rate threshold value, set unit: the larger the dB/km rain is, the larger the interference is, and the weather forecast of light rain, medium rain and heavy rain can be customized.
When radio waves are transmitted in the visual range, besides the attenuation in the air, the attenuation of rainwater is also encountered; if it is transmitted in raining. The attenuation rate y due to the rainfall is shown in (formula 1).
Gamma R＝KRA (1)
Wherein R is rainfall, and the unit is mmh. K and A are parameters of polarization in two different cases of horizontal and vertical.
2. Cloud and fog communication radio wave attenuation rate threshold value, setting unit: dB/km and GHz 20-500 m (visibility)
The cloud and fog attenuation rate can be calculated by an empirical formula, and the specific algorithm is shown in the formula (2).
In the formula (2), f is the working frequency, and the unit is GHz and the visibility is shown.
The international regulations for visibility are: dense fog, V <50m; dense fog, 50m < V <200m; light fog, 200m < - <500m. The range of the visibility selection of the attenuation rate along with the change relation of the frequency and the visibility is 20-500 m.
The analysis frequency range of the atmospheric attenuation rate of the patent is 0-350 GHz
Threshold setting unit: dB/km and GHz 20-500 m (visibility)
3. Snowing communication radio wave attenuation rate threshold value, setting unit: frequencies above 150GHz are greatly affected by snowfall intensity, suggesting alarms.
The radio wave attenuation rate y due to snowfall can be approximately represented by the following formula 3
Gamma s＝7.47×10-5f×I(1+5.77×10-5f3I0.6) type (3)
In formula 3, f is an operating frequency, gz is a snowfall intensity (mmh), and y is dm is a height at which snowfall is melted into water in a unit volume per hour. The attenuation changes with frequency and snowfall intensity, wherein the influence of the snowfall intensity is larger for frequencies above 150GHz, and the influence of the snowfall intensity is relatively smaller for frequencies below 150 GHz.
Threshold setting unit: frequencies above 150GHz are greatly affected by snowfall intensity, suggesting alarms.
4. Setting characteristic attenuation rate and attenuation threshold of the dust climate, wherein the frequency is 0-350 GHz, and the temperature is 0-60 ℃ which corresponds to the characteristic attenuation rate. The characteristic decay rate increases only with increasing frequency and does not substantially change with temperature.
Threshold setting unit: the characteristic attenuation rate is obviously increased along with the increase of the frequency below the 20GHz frequency band, and is more gentle along with the increase of the frequency after being higher than the 20GHz frequency band.
The filtering interference procedure specifically describes:
and constructing a channel model, relaying a signal node in the air, receiving radio waves from the air by a constellation satellite or an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) deployment receiver closest to the ground, transmitting an air-to-ground channel leading by LoS through the channel model, adopting a random access mechanism in an MAC layer, and finally filtering interference through a parallel interference elimination method to achieve the purpose of enhancing the signal.
Such as IEEE 802.11 distributed coordination function protocol. When the HFH and the UAV achieve communication coverage, the signal-to-noise ratio (Signal to Noise Ratio, SNR) of the ground terminal receiver must be greater than a threshold. Therefore we useRepresenting the channel power gain of the communication link between GT and HFH or UAV. β is the small scale fading in determining the distribution that follows the Gamma distribution, β 0 represents the channel power at a reference distance of 1m, H j is the height of the HFH or UAV (corresponding to HFH and UAV, respectively), and is the distance from GT to the horizontal projection point of the HFH or UAV. The channels used in the channel model are orthogonal. In this way, there is no interference between the channels, and thus the interference problem between the channels is not considered in the model. Furthermore, the SNR of the GT receiver must be greater than a threshold when implementing communication coverage.
W j is the transmission power of aircraft j, σ 2 is the noise power of the receiver, and γ 0 is the SNR threshold.
Parallel interference cancellation (PARALLEL INTERFERENCE Cancelation, PIC) in which the bits of all users are to be estimated simultaneously. They are then fed back to cancel the interference. The new estimate will be used for subsequent iterations.
Step 0, initializing
Step l (l > 0), cancelling the interference and using the estimated bits.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in detail below, and that the embodiments described in the examples may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (4)
1. A method for constellation signal coverage based ad hoc network applications, comprising:
Firstly, selecting the orbit type of a local distribution constellation and reducing the number of satellites after meeting the basic condition of the earth covering capability of the satellite constellation;
Secondly, after receiving the space mission, the local distribution constellation realizes sensing and acquisition of multi-azimuth and multi-dimensional data by constructing an ad hoc network wireless network system;
firstly, selecting an orbit type according to illumination, load acting distance, relative distance change, influence of space environment and mutual motion relation among satellites, and predicting the initial coverage capacity of each altitude satellite by adopting an AI technology;
the track types include circular tracks and elliptical tracks;
In the second step, an intelligent autonomous operation and maintenance management system of an elastic communication network is firstly constructed, wherein the intelligent autonomous operation and maintenance management system comprises an intelligent perception subsystem, an analysis decision subsystem and a matching execution subsystem;
after receiving the space missions, the local distribution constellation establishes an air ad hoc network wireless network system through the intelligent perception subsystem and the terahertz technology to carry out local networking on the space missions and complete the missions;
each sub-node of the intelligent perception subsystem stores and analyzes data transmitted by radio waves through a receiver;
after the analysis result is reported to the analysis decision subsystem, the analysis decision subsystem gives an instruction to the matching execution subsystem, and after matching the preset scheme, the constellation is informed of executing various preset schemes in the range of the constellation;
the terahertz technology is used for transmitting the wireless signal to a ground receiving end and transmitting the signal to the air by converting the original transmitting signal into terahertz waves and forming a plasma reflection array in an intelligent environment above the ground when the wireless signal is severely attenuated and has strong signal interference;
In the second step, through an inter-satellite switching program, when the orbit runs to different positions, the mixing and single constellation switching are carried out according to different received space missions;
When the fluctuation of the radio wave signal exceeds the attenuation threshold, the local distribution constellation adopts relay nodes HFH and UAV deployment signal receivers of the constellation to filter interference, so that the signal enhancement purpose is achieved, and the signal coverage areas of HFH and UAV are enhanced.
2. The method for constellation signal coverage area based ad hoc network application of claim 1 wherein said terahertz technique uses a wireless signal enhancement prediction model of X (k+1) =X (k) ×P
Wherein: x (k) represents a state vector of the trend analysis and prediction object at time t=k, P represents a one-step transition probability matrix, and X (k+1) represents a state vector of the trend analysis and prediction object at time t=k+1.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the inter-satellite handoff procedure is performed under the following conditions: (re+h) cos (alpha/2) > = re+hp
H is the satellite altitude, hp is the distance between the inter-satellite link and the earth's surface, and Re is the earth's radius.
4. A method for constellation-signal-coverage-based ad hoc network applications according to claim 1, wherein the attenuation threshold is divided into a rain communication radio wave attenuation rate threshold; cloud and fog communication radio wave attenuation rate threshold; a snowfall communication radio wave decay rate threshold and a sand and dust climate characteristic decay rate threshold.
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