CN116832944A - A self-cleaning spiral separator for enhanced sorting - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of solid-liquid two-phase separation and sorting. Specifically, it is a self-cleaning spiral separator for enhanced sorting. It is provided with a spiral separator main body. The spiral separator main body includes a spiral groove surface and a central column. , the spiral groove surface is spirally coiled on the central column, the upper end of the spiral groove surface is the material inlet, and the lower end of the spiral groove surface is the material outlet. It is characterized in that the central column is set as a hollow cylinder, and the cylindrical central column It is equipped with at least one set of excitation units that intermittently beat the center column. The excitation unit beats and vibrates the center column, thereby loosening the materials on the spiral groove surface. It has a simple structure, good sorting effect, and high sorting efficiency. High, it can realize the cleaning of the spiral separator and avoid the accumulation of materials.

Description

A self-cleaning spiral separator for enhanced sorting

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of solid-liquid two-phase separation and sorting. Specifically, it is an enhanced sorting device with a simple structure, good sorting effect and high sorting efficiency, which can realize the cleaning of the spiral sorter and avoid the accumulation of materials. self-cleaning spiral separator.

Background technique

As we all know, the spiral separator is a flow film mineral processing equipment under the action of gravity field and centrifugal force field. According to the different types of minerals used in the spiral separator, it can be divided into spiral chute, spiral separator and spiral separator. The difference between different categories mainly lies in the different cross-sectional curves of the spiral chute. The spiral separator is mainly used as a coarse mineral material separation equipment, mainly used in the coarse slime separation process in the coal washing process. As a kind of non-powered sorting equipment, the spiral sorter has the advantages of simple structure, high sorting efficiency, no noise, no rotating parts, and long service life.

When the spiral separator is used in the coarse slime separation process in the coal preparation plant, due to the uneven particle size composition and large viscosity of the washed slime, the spiral separator has the following problems during long-term operation: (1 ) The agglomeration of mineral particles is serious, and the accumulation of mineral materials on the spiral groove surface is serious, which affects the efficient operation of the spiral separator. (2) Compared with other coarse slime sorting equipment, such as slime heavy medium cyclone and TBS interference bed sorter, the spiral separator has lower sorting accuracy and poor adjustability.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art and provide a self-cleaning device with simple structure, good sorting effect and high sorting efficiency, which can realize the cleaning of the spiral sorter and avoid the accumulation of materials. Spiral separator.

The technical solutions adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems are:

A self-cleaning spiral separator with enhanced sorting is provided with a spiral separator main body. The spiral separator main body includes a spiral groove surface and a central column. The spiral groove surface is spirally coiled around the central column. The upper end is the material inlet, and the lower end of the spiral groove surface is the material outlet. It is characterized in that the central column is set in a hollow cylindrical shape, and the cylindrical central column is provided with at least one set of excitation units that intermittently beat the central column. The central column is struck and vibrated by the excitation unit, thereby loosening the material on the spiral groove surface.

The upper and lower ends of the central column of the main body of the spiral separator are respectively provided with rubber damping pads. The rubber damping pads are fixedly connected to the lower end of the central column of the main body of the spiral separator. The central column of the main body of the spiral separator passes through the rubber. Damping pads are fixed to the ground.

The excitation unit of the present invention is set as an excitation motor, and the excitation motor excites the materials on the center column and the spiral groove surface.

The excitation motor of the present invention includes a fixed cylinder, a driving motor, a driving shaft, and an eccentric block. The fixed cylinder is fixed on the inner wall of the center column. The driving motor is fixed in the fixed cylinder. The output shaft of the driving motor is connected to the driving shaft. , the driving shaft is connected to the eccentric block, the fixed cylinder is provided with a cable perforation, and the cable passes through the cable perforation on the fixed cylinder.

At least three groups of excitation motors are arranged on the inner wall of the center column of the present invention. The three groups of excitation motors are evenly distributed in the vertical direction of the center column. Each group of excitation motors vibrates the materials on the surface of the spiral chute at different positions. .

The eccentric block of the present invention includes a first eccentric block and a second eccentric block. The drive shaft includes an inner shaft and an outer shaft. The inner shaft is fixedly connected to the second eccentric block. The upper end of the outer shaft Connected to the first eccentric block, the inner shaft extends into the outer shaft and is rotationally connected to the outer shaft, the first eccentric block and the second eccentric block overlap, and a micro motor is provided inside the outer shaft. The output shaft of the micro motor is connected to the inner shaft, and the power end of the micro motor is connected to the secondary coil. The exterior of the excitation motor is provided with a primary coil, and the primary coil is fixedly connected to the side of the center column. The primary coil is connected through wires. Pass through the cable hole on the fixed barrel to connect to the alternating power supply.

The output end of the micro motor of the present invention is connected to the inner shaft through an angle sensor. The angle sensor is connected to the controller. The angle sensor controls the rotation angle of the second eccentric block, thereby controlling the adjustment of the excitation force achieved by the two eccentric blocks. .

Due to the above-mentioned structure, the present invention has the advantages of simple structure, good sorting effect, high sorting efficiency, cleaning of the spiral separator, and avoidance of material accumulation.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a B-B cross-sectional view and a partial enlarged view of Figure 1.

FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the excitation unit part of FIG. 1 .

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the eccentric block and vibration direction of the present invention.

Figure 5 is the force analysis diagram of material particles on the spiral groove surface.

Figure 6 is a partial enlarged view of the excitation unit of the first eccentric block and the second eccentric block in the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

As shown in the attached figure, a self-cleaning spiral separator with enhanced sorting is provided with a spiral separator body. The spiral separator body includes a spiral groove surface 1 and a central column 2. The spiral groove surface 1 is spirally coiled. On the central column 2, the upper end of the spiral groove surface 1 is the material inlet, and the lower end of the spiral groove surface 1 is the material outlet. The characteristic is that the central column 2 is made into a hollow cylindrical shape, and the cylindrical central column 2 has a At least one set of excitation units 3 that intermittently tap the center column 2 uses the excitation units 3 to tap and vibrate the center column 2, thereby loosening the material on the spiral groove surface 1.

Further, the upper and lower ends of the central column 2 of the spiral separator body are respectively provided with rubber damping pads 4. The rubber damping pads 4 are fixedly connected to the lower end of the central column 2 of the spiral separator body. The center column 2 is fixed on the ground through rubber damping pads 4.

Furthermore, the excitation unit 3 is set as an excitation motor, and the material on the center column 2 and the spiral groove surface 1 is excited by the excitation motor.

Further, the vibration motor includes a fixed cylinder 5, a drive motor 6, a drive shaft 7, and an eccentric block. The fixed cylinder 5 is fixed on the inner wall of the center column 2. The drive motor 6 is fixed in the fixed cylinder 5. The drive motor The output shaft of 6 is connected to the drive shaft 7, and the drive shaft 7 is connected to the eccentric block. The fixed barrel 5 is provided with a cable through hole 15, and the cable passes through the cable through hole 15 on the fixed barrel 5.

Furthermore, at least three groups of excitation motors are arranged on the inner wall of the center column 2. The three groups of excitation motors are evenly distributed in the vertical direction of the center column 2. Each group of excitation motors affects the materials on the surface of the spiral chute at different positions. Make vibration.

Further, the eccentric block includes a first eccentric block 8 and a second eccentric block 9, the driving shaft 7 includes an inner shaft 10 and an outer shaft 11, and the inner shaft 10 is fixedly connected to the second eccentric block 9, The upper end of the outer shaft 11 is connected with the first eccentric block 8, the inner shaft 10 extends into the outer shaft 11 and is rotationally connected with the outer shaft 11, and the first eccentric block 8 and the second eccentric block 9 The outer shaft 11 is provided with a micro motor 12 inside. The output shaft of the micro motor 12 is connected to the inner shaft 10. The power end of the micro motor 12 is connected to the secondary coil 13. The excitation motor There is a primary coil 14 on the outside. The primary coil 14 is fixedly connected to the side of the center column 2. The primary coil 14 passes through the cable hole 15 on the fixed barrel 5 and is connected to the alternating power supply.

Furthermore, the output end of the micro motor 12 is connected to the inner shaft 10 through an angle sensor, and the angle sensor is connected to the controller. The rotation angle of the second eccentric block 9 is controlled through the angle sensor, thereby controlling the excitation achieved by the two eccentric blocks. Force size adjustment.

The sorting self-cleaning process of the present invention is as follows: the mineral particles are entrained by water and move downward along the groove surface from the material inlet of the spiral groove surface 1 of the spiral separator body. During the movement, they will be affected by gravity and centrifugal force. Different densities The mineral particles between them receive different forces, resulting in stratification and zoning phenomena. Due to uneven particle size composition, mineral particles have agglomeration problems, which affects the sorting effect. The drive motor 6 installed in the center column 2 carries the eccentric block to rotate periodically, thereby driving the excitation unit 3 to generate transverse periodic excitation force. The excitation force is transmitted to the spiral of the main body of the spiral separator through the fixing device. On the groove surface 1, the mineral particles vibrate laterally under the high-frequency excitation force, which strengthens the interlayer effect of mineral particles of different densities in the sorting process. At the same time, due to the high-frequency vibration, the agglomerated mineral particles are fully loosened, further improving the spiral The sorting accuracy of the separator; at the same time, due to high-frequency vibration, mineral particles are not easy to accumulate on the spiral groove surface 1, making the spiral separator have a certain self-cleaning effect. The vibration force causes periodic projectile motion.

During the actual use of the present invention, especially the existing excitation unit 3 cannot adjust the excitation force after being installed into the center column 2. Therefore, an externally adjustable excitation force structure is designed. When the agglomeration phenomenon is serious, It is necessary to adjust the excitation force of the excitation unit 3. Therefore, at this time, the cable connected to the primary coil 14 is connected to the power supply to charge the primary coil 14. The secondary coil 13 is charged to charge the micro motor 12 and the angle sensor. The controller transmits the angle. The rotation signal is an angle sensor. The angle sensor transmits the signal to the micro motor 12. The micro motor 12 drives the second eccentric block 9 to rotate, thereby adjusting the excitation force of the excitation unit 3, thereby realizing automatic and effective sorting and cleaning functions (Fig. The angle between the first eccentric block and the second eccentric block in 2 is 45°). In Figure 5, a represents the movement direction of the material layer on the spiral groove surface, and b represents the movement direction of the bottom material layer on the spiral groove surface.

This patent introduces transverse excitation force. Through periodic excitation force, the mineral materials are fully loosened during the movement, which improves the layer-penetration effect of mineral particles of different densities, thereby improving the sorting efficiency; at the same time, periodic excitation The force can reduce the accumulation and accumulation of mineral materials on the groove surface of the spiral separator, making the spiral separator have a self-cleaning function.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a self-cleaning spiral sorter of intensive separation, is equipped with spiral sorter main part, and spiral sorter main part includes spiral groove face, center post, and spiral groove face is the helicine coiling on the center post, and the upper end of spiral groove face is the material import, and the lower extreme of spiral groove face is the material export, its characterized in that center post establish to hollow tube-shape, be equipped with at least a set of shock excitation unit that carries out intermittent type beating to the center post in the center post of tube-shape, beat the vibration to the center post through shock excitation unit, and then make the material on the spiral groove face loose.

2. The self-cleaning spiral separator for reinforced separation according to claim 1, wherein the upper and lower ends of the center column of the spiral separator body are respectively provided with a rubber damping pad, the rubber damping pad is fixedly connected with the lower end of the center column of the spiral separator body, and the center column of the spiral separator body is fixed on the ground through the rubber damping pad.

3. The self-cleaning spiral separator for reinforced separation according to claim 1, wherein the exciting unit is an exciting motor, and the exciting motor excites the materials on the central column and the spiral groove surface.

4. The self-cleaning spiral separator for reinforced separation according to claim 1, wherein the exciting motor comprises a fixed cylinder, a driving motor, a driving shaft and an eccentric block, the fixed cylinder is fixed on the inner wall of the central column, the driving motor is fixed in the fixed cylinder, an output shaft of the driving motor is connected with the driving shaft, the driving shaft is connected with the eccentric block, a cable perforation is arranged on the fixed cylinder, and the cable is penetrated in the cable perforation on the fixed cylinder.

5. The self-cleaning spiral separator for reinforced separation according to claim 1, wherein at least three groups of exciting motors are arranged on the inner wall of the central column, the three groups of exciting motors are uniformly distributed in the vertical direction of the central column, and each group of exciting motors vibrates materials on the groove surfaces of spiral chute at different positions.

6. The self-cleaning spiral separator for reinforced sorting according to claim 4, wherein the eccentric blocks comprise a first eccentric block and a second eccentric block, the driving shaft comprises an inner shaft and an outer shaft, the inner shaft is fixedly connected with the second eccentric block, the upper end of the outer shaft is connected with the first eccentric block, the inner shaft extends into the outer shaft to be rotationally connected with the outer shaft, the first eccentric block and the second eccentric block are overlapped, a micro motor is arranged in the outer shaft, an output shaft of the micro motor is connected with the inner shaft, a power end of the micro motor is connected with the secondary coil, a primary coil is arranged outside the exciting motor and fixedly connected with the side face of the central column, and the primary coil is connected with an alternating power supply through a wire penetrating through a cable perforation on the fixed cylinder.

7. The self-cleaning spiral separator for reinforced separation according to claim 6, wherein the output end of the micro motor is connected with the inner shaft through an angle sensor, the angle sensor is connected with the controller, the rotation angle of the second eccentric block is controlled through the angle sensor, and the excitation force adjustment realized by the two eccentric blocks is further controlled.