CN116810316A - Railway freight open wagon upper end edge and corner post blanking process method - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of rail transit metal processing, and discloses a railway freight open wagon upper end edge and corner post blanking process method, which comprises the following steps: the first step, determining the upper end edge and the corner post structure; secondly, determining the length of the main material and the scribing and cutting shape, arranging an upper end edge and two corner posts as a group according to a preset sequence, and splicing the two corner posts at the notch in a joint way respectively, wherein the formed linear structure is provided with a first length and a first notch, the first length is used as the length of the main material, and the first notch shape is used as the scribing and cutting shape; thirdly, discharging, cutting and forming, and discharging in whole section according to the length of the main material; scribing according to the scribing cutting shape, and blanking according to the wire cutting to form an upper end edge and two corner posts; after the structural characteristics of the upper end edge and the corner post are analyzed, the scheme can improve the existing production process, and achieves the purposes of reducing materials and processing cost and improving the material utilization rate.

Description

A method for blanking the upper edge and corner posts of railway freight gondolas

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of rail transit metal processing, and in particular to a method for blanking the upper edge and corner posts of a railway freight gondola.

Background technique

The market retention rate of railway freight cars accounts for more than 90% of all railway vehicles. At present, the process technology for producing C70E general gondola railway freight cars has been very mature. The production of a large number of freight cars has increasingly strict requirements on process technology and manufacturing costs. To this end, the utilization of materials must be improved. Rate and production efficiency are particularly important.

The upper edge and corner posts of the C70E general gondola assembly parts are an important load-bearing part of the rail vehicle. A C70E gondola requires two upper edges and four corner posts. The existing production process method is: the original factory prepares a certain length (one upper end The main material of 160×100×5 cold-formed rectangular steel pipe is 160×100×5 cold-formed rectangular steel pipe (edge, length of two corner posts plus cutting allowance) - preprocessing - transferred to the branch factory for outsourcing segmental sawing and cutting (cut into three sections, one upper end Edge, two pieces of corner posts are limited by the length of the main material. If you want to cut two pieces of upper edge and four pieces of corner posts, the main material is too long and difficult to transport, so one piece of upper edge and two pieces of corner posts are processed as a set) - transfer back The original factory performs cutting and forming. The problem with the original process is that sawing and blanking and cutting and shaping are carried out in two different factories, which requires transportation back and forth. The transportation cost is high, the number of sawings is many, and the cost is high. Secondly, outsourcing segmental sawing is done in the branch factory. When cutting materials, the saw machine generates heat and requires coolant cooling. The coolant adhering to the raw materials will cause the materials to rust. At the same time, during the transportation process, the cutting blanks will also be damaged due to the environment or irresistible circumstances, and eventually the cutting tools will be damaged. The materials do not meet the processing requirements and require secondary preprocessing, resulting in additional processing costs.

In order to solve the above problems, one way is to merge the factories, saw them on site, and reduce the transfer fee. This method is more difficult in terms of business model and capital cost; another way is to purchase the goods from the original factory. When making raw materials, purchase them directly according to the different lengths of the upper edge and corner posts to reduce sawing. However, there will be two specifications of raw materials, which is not conducive to production management; other methods include transforming some processes to improve the cutting blanks from the improvement of the sawing process. Quality or changing the transshipment method can reduce transshipment charges, but neither can completely solve the above problems. Therefore, it is urgent to improve the cutting process of the upper edge and corner posts of railway freight gondolas to simultaneously reduce production costs and improve material utilization and production efficiency.

Contents of the invention

The present invention is intended to provide a process method for blanking the upper edge and corner posts of a railway freight gondola, which is used to solve the problems of high production cost, low material utilization and low production efficiency caused by the existing cutting process of the upper edge and corner posts of a railway freight gondola. question.

The basic solution provided by the invention is: a process method for blanking the upper edge and corner posts of a railway freight gondola. In the first step, the structures of the upper edge and corner posts are determined. The upper edge and corner posts are formed by cutting the main material, with at least one end having a gap. long structural members;

The second step is to determine the length of the main material and the shape of the scribed cutting line. Take an upper edge and two corner posts as a group, arrange them in a preset order and joint them together at the gaps to form a linear structure with the first length. and a first incision, using the first length as the main material length and the first incision shape as the scribed cutting shape;

The first length is less than the sum of the lengths of an upper end edge and two corner posts; the first cutout area is less than the sum of the notch areas of an upper end edge and two corner posts;

The third step is to lay out and cut the material into shape, and lay out the entire section according to the length of the main material; score according to the scribing cutting shape, and cut the material according to the line to form an upper edge and two corner posts.

The working principle and advantage of the present invention are: through in-depth analysis of the structural characteristics of the upper edge and corner pillar, it is found that the notched ends of the two parts can be joined together, and the length of the combined structure is less than the sum of the lengths of the two parts, and the notch area is also smaller than the notch area of the two parts Therefore, according to the existing process method, the sum of the lengths of the two parts is directly used as the length of the main material, sawed into segments, and then cut and formed according to the segmented materials. In this way, the length of the main material will be too long. The cutting part is too large, resulting in serious material waste and low material utilization. At the same time, there are many sawing processes and low production efficiency.

Based on this, this plan improves the blanking process. First, according to the structural characteristics that the upper edge and corner posts have gaps and can be combined, one upper edge and two corner pillars are selected as a group, arranged in a preset order and shared at the gaps. The edges are spliced to form a linear structure with a first length and a first incision. The first length is used as the length of the main material. The entire section is cut. The shape of the first incision is used as the scribing cutting shape. Marking is performed on the main material. Line, cut and blank according to the line to form an upper edge and two corner posts.

The advantages are: 1) Discover the structural characteristics of the part, determine the first length of the main material is less than the sum of the lengths of one upper end edge and two corner posts, and the first incision area is less than the sum of the notch areas of one top edge and two corner posts. Compared with the existing The process, the length of the main material and the cutting part are reduced, the raw materials are used less, and the cutting waste is less, which improves the material utilization rate and reduces the material cost.

2) Directly unload the entire section, cut and shape, reasonably concentrate the scattered processes, shorten the number of processes, simplify the process, save transfer time, balance the process time, improve work efficiency, and reduce processing costs; because of in-depth The structures of the two parts were analyzed and can be combined to make it possible to use the entire section for cutting without sawing and segmenting. While ensuring the processing quality of the upper edge and corner posts, it also reduces the process of outsourced sawing of multiple sections and avoids back and forth. Transportation; reduce the damage caused to product blanks by sawing and transportation, and improve product quality; at the same time, due to the common edges, the edges of the two parts are directly formed after cutting according to the common edges, reducing the cutting difficulty and improving the cutting efficiency.

Further, the left and right ends of the upper end edge have first notches, the first notch has a first right-angled edge, and the side of the upper end edge where the first right-angled edge is located is a first contact surface, and the first contact surface is Vertical plane; either end of the corner post has a second notch and a second protrusion located above the second notch, the second protrusion has a second right-angled side, and the side of the corner post where the second right-angled side is located is the third Two contact surfaces, the second contact surface is a vertical plane. The common edge splicing means that after the end of the corner post with the second protruding portion faces the end of the upper end edge with the first notch, the top surface of the corner post and the top surface of the upper end edge are flush to form a unified plane, and the first right-angled edge and the second The right-angled sides are aligned and fitted, and the first contact surface and the second contact surface are in contact with each other.

Beneficial effects: Most of the second protruding portion of the corner post can be located in the first notch of the upper end edge, enabling the joint to be assembled, which provides the possibility to reduce the length of the main material and the cutting part; both the upper end edge and the notched end of the corner post have right-angled edges, which facilitates the integration. It is possible to cut the main material of the segment at one time according to the common edge while simultaneously cutting the upper edge and corner posts.

Further, the length of the common side is the lower length value of the first right-angled side and the second right-angled side. The length of the first right-angled side is 20mm; the length of the second right-angled side is 30mm.

Beneficial effects: Since the first right-angled edge and the second right-angled edge are aligned and fitted with the above vertices, the higher the height of the common edge, the higher the cutting efficiency; according to the structural characteristics of the upper edge and the corner column, the height of the first right-angled edge occupies the second right-angled edge. 2/3 of the edge height can improve cutting efficiency to a certain extent.

Furthermore, the preset sequence is that the upper edge is located on the left or right side of the two corner posts.

Beneficial effects: The upper edge and one of the corner posts are combined into a structure that can reduce the length of the main material and the cutting part to a certain extent, improve material utilization, and reduce material costs compared to the existing process.

Further, the preset sequence is that the upper edge is located between the two corner posts.

Beneficial effects: Both sides of the upper edge are joined with the corner column notches. This sequential arrangement can make the joining part the largest, the cutting part the smallest, the material cost the lowest, the material utilization rate maximum, at the same time, cutting and scribing is easier, and the processing is more efficient.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a cutting and discharging diagram of the original process method provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a flow chart of a process method for blanking the upper edge and corner posts of a railway freight gondola provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a corner post provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an upper edge provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a cutting and discharging diagram of a cutting process for the upper edge and corner posts of a railway freight gondola provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 6 is a partial enlarged view of Figure 5I.

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the first scribing process of the upper edge and corner column blanking process of a railway freight gondola provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 8 is a view of the corner post blank after the first scribing and cutting of the upper edge and corner post blanking process of a railway freight gondola provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the second scribing process of the upper edge and corner column blanking process of a railway freight gondola provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The following is a further detailed description through specific implementation methods:

The symbols in the drawings of the description include: upper edge 1, first notch 11, first right-angled edge 12, corner post 2, second notch 21, second protrusion 22, and second right-angled edge 23.

Before describing this solution, let us first describe the existing process method. As shown in Figure 1, affected by factors such as the transportation of the main materials and the supporting use of parts actually required for each gondola, the existing process method uses an upper edge 1 and The two corner posts 2 are processed as a set. Since the segments are sawed first and then cut into shapes, the total length of the blank before the sawing is determined and the length of the upper edge 1 blank and corner post 2 blank after the sawing is determined. It's very important. In order to ensure that the length of the blank after sawing and segmentation can be cut into the upper edge 1 and corner post 2 that meet the requirements, take the upper edge 1 and corner post 2 of the C70E universal gondola assembly part as an example. When producing 1 and corner post 2, the total length of the blank prepared by the original factory is 7950mm, which is simply determined by directly adding the length of the upper end edge 1 of 3370mm, the length of corner post 2 of 2*2273mm and the cutting allowance of 34mm, and then press the upper edge 1 and The length of corner post 2 is cut into three blanks, which are transferred back to the original factory. They are laid out in the order of upper edge 1, corner post 2, and corner post 2 from left to right in Figure 1, and then are cut and formed separately. During cutting, as shown in the figure The laying order is related to the cutting and routing direction. In fact, according to the existing process method, after adjusting the laying order, the cutting routing direction can be adjusted. There is no need to clearly limit the laying order; the cutting routing is completely in accordance with The respective shape characteristics of the upper edge 1 and the corner pillars 2 are determined. The cutting area is the sum of the notch area of the upper edge 1 and the two corner pillars 2. The processing is completed after the above process.

After analyzing the structural characteristics of the upper edge 1 and corner post 2 in this plan, it is found that the existing production process can be improved to achieve the purpose of reducing material and processing costs and improving material utilization.

Specifically, the embodiment is basically as shown in Figure 2: a method for cutting the upper edge 1 and corner posts 2 of a railway freight gondola, including:

The first step is to determine the structure of the upper edge 1 and the corner posts 2. The upper edge 1 and the corner posts 2 are long strip-shaped structural members with at least one end notched and formed by cutting the main material. In this embodiment, the structure is 160mm high x 100mm wide. ×5mm thick cold-formed rectangular steel pipe is used as the main material for processing.

It should be noted that, as shown in Figure 3, the left and right ends of the cut and formed upper edge 1 have first notches 11. In order to describe it more intuitively, a dotted line is used to mark the closure in the figure. In fact, there is no first notch. A notch 11 has a first right-angled edge 12. The side of the upper edge where the first right-angled edge is located is a first contact surface. The first contact surface is a vertical plane. In this embodiment, the first right-angled edge 12 The height along the vertical direction is 20mm, determined by its structure itself. The upper edge 1 also has a first protruding portion located below the first notch 11. Since the first protruding portion is longer and extends beyond the first right-angled edge 12, according to the existing technology, when sawing segments, two ends of the upper end edge 1 must be cut. The distance between the outermost ends of the first protrusions on both sides, that is, 3370mm in Figure 3 of this embodiment, is used as the length of the upper edge 1 blank to complete sawing to meet subsequent cutting and shaping requirements. The upper edge 1 blank determined by this method The length of the piece is significantly greater than the distance between the two first right-angled edges 12 of the upper edge 1, which is 3166mm in Figure 5 of this embodiment. This result is very important for determining the length of the main material in the subsequent solution.

As shown in Figure 4, either end of the cut and formed corner post 2 has a second notch 21. In order to describe it more intuitively, a dotted line is used to mark the closure in the figure, but there is actually none; and a second notch 21 is located above the second notch 21. Protruding portion 22. The second protruding portion 22 has a second right-angled side 23. The side of the corner pillar where the second right-angled side is located is a second contact surface. The second contact surface is a vertical plane. In this embodiment, The height of the second right-angled side 23 along the vertical direction is 30 mm, which is determined by its structure itself.

As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the structure of the upper end edge 1 and the corner post 2 is analyzed, and it is found that the shape area of the second protrusion 22 of the corner post 2 is smaller than the shape area of the first notch 11 of the upper end edge 1, so the second protrusion 22 can be joined to the upper end edge. At the first notch 11 of 1, as shown in Figures 5 and 6, there is no overlapping part when put together, so that it is possible to use the length of the combined structure as the length of the main material for cutting. If there is an overlapping part, it can be cut. It is impossible to obtain the complete upper edge 1 and corner posts 2 at the same time by cutting the length of the spliced structure as the length of the main material.

Secondly, it was found that the upper edge 1 and the corner post 2 can be spliced together, that is, after the end of the corner post 2 with the second protrusion 22 faces the end of the upper edge 1 with the first notch 11, the top surface of the corner post and the top surface of the upper edge are flush. A unified plane is formed, the first right-angled edge and the second right-angled edge are aligned and fit, the first contact surface and the second contact surface are in contact, most of the second protruding portion 22 is located in the first notch 11, and the upper end edge 1 and the corner column 2. When assembled at zero distance, the non-overlapping area is the largest, and the subsequent cutting area is the smallest; at the same time, after being assembled, the upper edge 1 and the corner post 2 can form a straight structure, and it is possible to use the entire main material for cutting, because if they are not aligned , indicating that the spliced structure is staggered in steps, and it is impossible to complete cutting and shaping using a whole linear main material. At the same time, the length of the common edge is the lower length value of the first right-angled side and the second right-angled side. In this solution, the length of the first right-angled side is 20 mm; the length of the second right-angled side is 30 mm. The first right-angled side is smaller than the second right-angled side. From the perspective of the upper end edge structure, after the first contact surface and the second contact surface are in contact, there is still a part of an arc surface below the first contact surface of the upper end edge facing the second contact surface. After structural analysis, proceed to the second step.

In the second step, determine the length of the main material and the shape of the scribed cutting line. Take an upper edge 1 and two corner posts 2 as a group, arrange them in a preset order and joint them together at the gaps to form a straight-line structure with the first A length and a first incision, the first length is used as the length of the main material, and the shape of the first incision is used as the scribing cutting shape.

It should be noted that at least one end of the upper edge 1 is assembled with the corner post 2. When calculating the length of the upper edge 1, one end can be calculated with the first right-angled edge 12 as the starting point, and not with the outermost end of the first protrusion as the starting point. At this time, the length of the main material calculated by this solution based on the characteristics of the spliced structure, that is, the first length is smaller than the total length of the main material determined by the existing process method. This solution reduces the length of the main material, reduces the use of main materials, and improves material utilization.

After being assembled, the second protrusion 22 makes up for part of the first notch 11. At this time, the area of the first notch is smaller than the sum of the notch areas of one upper end edge 1 and two corner posts 2, so that the part of the original upper end edge 1 that was cut is no longer used as waste. , but directly used as a part of the corner post 2, which reduces the incision area, reduces the cutting area, and further reduces the material waste rate.

The preset sequence can be divided into two types. The first way of discharging materials is that the upper edge 1 is located on the left or right of the two corner posts 2. At this time, only one end of the upper edge 1 is combined with one of the corner posts 2. In this case , calculated based on the dimensions in the example and the figure, the length of the main material in this way is 2273+2273+3166+(3370-3166)/2+cutting allowance 24mm=7838mm, and the total cutting area is a first incision shape The area + the shape area of a first notch 11 + the shape area of a second notch 21, compared with the existing process method, can still reduce the length of the main material and the cutting part, and can reduce the material and processing costs to a certain extent.

As shown in Figure 5, the preset sequence and the second discharge method are that the upper edge 1 is located between the two corner posts 2. At this time, the upper edge 1 is in the middle, and there is a corner post 2 on the left and right sides. 1 Both the left and right sides can be assembled with the notched end of the corner post 2. Calculated based on the dimensions in the example and the figure, the length of the main material in this way is 2273+2273+3166+cutting allowance 13mm=7725mm, and the total cutting area is 2 At this time, the combined area is the largest, the cutting area is the smallest, the first length is the smallest, and the material cost is the lowest.

The third step is to lay out the material and cut it into shape. First, lay out the entire section according to the length of the main material; then mark the line according to the scribing cutting shape, and cut the material according to the line to form an upper edge 1 and two corner posts 2.

It should be noted that because the first right-angled side 12 and the second right-angled side 23 are combined to share the same edge, compared with the previous need to scribe according to the shape of each part separately, this solution has a smaller incision area, so the scribing is simpler and can It can be completed more quickly; in this embodiment, scribing tooling, manual scribing and manual cutting are used. In other embodiments, cutting equipment with higher precision can be used, and the arc pressure induction can be adjusted to ensure that the blank is not damaged during the cutting process and can Cut through, and stably and accurately cut the main blank along the scribing line. The cutting stroke is the scribing line. The entire section is cut to directly form an upper edge 1 and two corner posts 2.

Specifically, in this embodiment, as shown in Figure 7, the notch shapes at both ends of the upper edge 1 are first drawn and cut; after cutting, the upper edge 1 is directly formed; as shown in Figure 8, the upper edge 1 is cut and formed Finally, the remaining corner post 2 blank is drawn; next, draw lines according to the corner post 2 gap shape, as shown in Figure 9. At this time, the height of the right-angled side of the corner post 2 blank is the height of the first right-angled side 12, 20mm, and the right-angled side of the corner post 2 is 30mm, so the 20mm right-angled edge that has been cut is used as the positioning edge when forming and cutting the corner post 2. Use this positioning edge to continue cutting 10mm downward, and then cut according to the line to form the corner post 2.

Compared with the existing process method, this plan in-depth analyzes the structural characteristics of the upper edge 1 and corner post 2, and finds that the notched ends of the two parts can be joined together. After joining, the total length and notch area are reduced, which can achieve the purpose of improving material utilization. Therefore, the existing production process is improved, and the original sawing and segmented cutting and forming is changed to the direct cutting and forming of the whole section of this plan, which achieves one-time cutting in place and direct blanking and forming, reducing the need for sawing and segmenting at external factories. process, which reduces processing costs and transportation costs. At the same time, when preparing raw materials, only one length of material is needed, which facilitates production management. Secondly, with this solution, since the upper edge 1 and the corner post 2 can be jointed together, the entire main material Directly saving raw materials, cold-formed rectangular steel pipe 160×100×5, length 225mm (raw material length shortened from 7950mm to 7725mm), each C70E universal gondola uses less raw materials 8.66kg; in addition, the C70E-A universal gondola is the heightened version of the C70E Type gondola, the whole vehicle is 200mm high. The corner post 2 of the C70E-A is 200mm longer than the corner post 2 of the C70E, but the cutting method is the same. The method of this solution can be used to complete the processing, which can also save material; after being pieced together, the upper edge 1 can The material is supplied to the corner post 2, that is, when cutting to form the first notch 11, the partially cut material can become the second protrusion 22 of the corner post 2, thereby reducing the cutting area, reducing waste, improving material utilization, and at the same time cutting in the combined shape. , the incision area is small, making cutting more convenient and efficient, and improving processing efficiency; the blanking process of this solution can be applied to a variety of profile processing, and has strong versatility.

The above are only embodiments of the present invention. Common knowledge such as the specific structures and characteristics of the solutions are not described in detail here. Those of ordinary skill in the art are aware of all common knowledge in the technical field to which the invention belongs before the filing date or priority date. Technical knowledge, being able to know all the existing technologies in the field, and having the ability to apply conventional experimental methods before that date. Persons of ordinary skill in the field can, under the inspiration given by this application, combine their own abilities to perfect and implement this plan, Some typical well-known structures or well-known methods should not be an obstacle for those of ordinary skill in the art to implement the present application. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the structure of the present invention. These should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention and will not affect the implementation of the present invention. effectiveness and patented practicality.

Claims (7)

1. The technological method for blanking the upper end edge and the corner column of the railway freight open wagon is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the method comprises the steps of firstly, determining an upper end edge and corner post structure, wherein the upper end edge and the corner post are long-strip-shaped structural members with notches at least one end, and the long-strip-shaped structural members are formed by cutting a main material;

secondly, determining the length of the main material and the scribing and cutting shape, arranging an upper end edge and two corner posts as a group according to a preset sequence, and splicing the two corner posts at the notch in a joint way respectively, wherein the formed linear structure is provided with a first length and a first notch, the first length is used as the length of the main material, and the first notch shape is used as the scribing and cutting shape;

the first length is smaller than the sum of the lengths of one upper end edge and two corner posts; the first notch area is smaller than the sum of the area of one upper end edge and the area of the two corner posts;

thirdly, discharging, cutting and forming, and discharging in whole section according to the length of the main material; scribing according to the scribing cutting shape, and blanking according to the wire cutting to form an upper end edge and two corner posts.

2. The process for blanking the upper end edge and the corner post of the railway freight open wagon according to claim 1, wherein the left end and the right end of the upper end edge are provided with first notches, the first notches are provided with first right-angle edges, the side surface of the upper end edge where the first right-angle edges are positioned is a first contact surface, and the first contact surface is a vertical plane; the corner post is characterized in that any end of the corner post is provided with a second notch and a second protruding part positioned above the second notch, the second protruding part is provided with a second right-angle side, the side surface of the corner post where the second right-angle side is positioned is a second contact surface, and the second contact surface is a vertical plane.

3. The method for blanking the upper end edge and the corner post of the railway freight open wagon according to claim 2, wherein the joint splicing is that after one end of the corner post with the second protruding portion faces one end of the upper end edge with the first notch, the top surface of the corner post is flush with the top surface of the upper end edge to form a unified plane, the first right-angle side is abutted against the second right-angle side pair Ji Tiege, and the first contact surface and the second contact surface are abutted against each other.

4. A method of loading an upper end edge and corner post of a railroad freight open car as set forth in claim 3 wherein the common edge has a length that is the lower of the first right angle edge and the second right angle edge.

5. The method for blanking the upper end edge and the corner post of the railway freight open wagon according to claim 2, wherein the length of the first right-angle side is 20mm; the length of the second right-angle side is 30mm.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the predetermined sequence is that the upper end edge is located at the left or right of the two corner posts.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the predetermined sequence is that the upper end edge is located between two corner posts.