CN116816478A - Integrated purification aftertreatment device for unburned ammonia and NOx of ammonia fuel engine and working method - Google Patents
Integrated purification aftertreatment device for unburned ammonia and NOx of ammonia fuel engine and working method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116816478A CN116816478A CN202310800588.8A CN202310800588A CN116816478A CN 116816478 A CN116816478 A CN 116816478A CN 202310800588 A CN202310800588 A CN 202310800588A CN 116816478 A CN116816478 A CN 116816478A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
- F01N13/0093—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are of the same type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
- F01N3/206—Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides an ammonia fuel engine unburned ammonia and NOx integrated purification aftertreatment device and a working method thereof, wherein the device comprises the following steps: an ammonia fuel engine, an ammonia oxidation catalyst bypass valve, an ammonia oxidation catalyst bypass line, a mixer, and a selective catalytic reducer; the ammonia fuel engine is sequentially connected with the ammonia oxidation catalyst, the mixer and the selective catalytic reducer; one end of the ammonia oxidation catalyst bypass pipeline is connected between the ammonia fuel engine and the ammonia oxidation catalyst, the other end of the ammonia oxidation catalyst bypass pipeline is connected with the mixer, and the ammonia oxidation catalyst bypass pipeline is provided with an ammonia oxidation catalyst bypass valve. The application can flexibly control the opening of the bypass valve of the ammonia oxidation catalyst according to the tail gas components of different working conditions of the ammonia fuel engine, realize the ideal ammonia and NOx proportion in front of the selective catalytic reduction device, achieve the aim of integrally purifying unburned ammonia and NOx in the tail gas of the ammonia fuel engine, and simultaneously avoid the injection of additional reducing agent.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of ammonia fuel engine and exhaust aftertreatment research, in particular to an integrated purification aftertreatment device for unburned ammonia and NOx of an ammonia fuel engine and a working method.
Background
Conventional diesel engines typically employ a Selective Catalytic Reducer (SCR) and an ammonia oxidation catalyst (ASC) to treat NOx emissions in the diesel exhaust and small amounts of unreacted reductant ammonia from the SCR in sequence. The main emissions of the ammonia fuel engine are NOx and unburned ammonia, the poor combustion characteristic of the ammonia fuel leads to excessive emission of the unburned ammonia in tail gas than NOx under most working conditions, and if a traditional diesel engine aftertreatment device is prolonged, a large amount of byproducts NOx and N2O are generated again in the process of catalytically oxidizing ammonia by ASC, so that the emission regulation requirement is difficult to meet.
Patent document CN114856764a discloses an exhaust gas treatment system of an ammonia fuel engine, an engine and a ship, which can be applied to the technical field of exhaust gas treatment. The system of the application removes water from the tail gas discharged by the engine through the first water removing device, generates a small amount of ammonia after the removed tail gas reacts with hydrogen through the nitrogen oxide catcher, collects part of the tail gas output by the nitrogen oxide catcher through the arranged pipeline, provides heat for the arranged ammonia synthesizing device by utilizing the waste heat of the tail gas, enables the ammonia synthesizing device to synthesize the ammonia, the residual tail gas and ammonia gas are output to a heat exchanger, the tail gas and the ammonia gas are reduced into nitrogen and water by a denitration device, non-condensable gas is separated by a liquid nitrogen heat exchanger, ammonia gas is collected, nitrous oxide and water are discharged by a water tank and a second water removal device, and nitrogen and oxygen are separated by a nitrogen separation device, so that ammonia gas is collected and waste gas is recycled. Patent document CN217206623U discloses a post-treatment device for hydrogen-ammonia fuel engine exhaust gas, comprising an exhaust gas catalytic device for converting ammonia gas NH3 and nitrogen oxides NOX in the exhaust gas, and an ammonia gas supply device for supplying ammonia gas NH3 into the exhaust gas catalytic device; the exhaust catalytic device comprises a first SCR catalyst, a first exhaust pipe, a second SCR catalyst, a second exhaust pipe and an ammonia escape catalyst ASC which are sequentially connected, wherein an inlet of the first SCR catalyst is connected with an exhaust pipe outlet of the hydrogen-ammonia fuel engine, and the tail end of the ammonia supply device is arranged on the first exhaust pipe. The existing tail gas treatment device has a complex structure, needs to additionally supply reducing agent ammonia and cannot achieve the aim of integral purification.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the application aims to provide an integrated purification aftertreatment device for unburned ammonia and NOx of an ammonia fuel engine and a working method.
According to the application, the device for integrally purifying and post-treating unburned ammonia and NOx of an ammonia fuel engine comprises: an ammonia oxidation catalyst, an ammonia oxidation catalyst bypass valve, an ammonia oxidation catalyst bypass line, a mixer, and a selective catalytic reducer;
the ammonia fuel engine is sequentially connected with the ammonia oxidation catalyst, the mixer and the selective catalytic reducer;
one end of the ammonia oxidation catalyst bypass pipeline is connected between the ammonia fuel engine and the ammonia oxidation catalyst, the other end of the ammonia oxidation catalyst bypass pipeline is connected with the mixer, and the ammonia oxidation catalyst bypass pipeline is provided with an ammonia oxidation catalyst bypass valve.
Preferably, a first NOx sensor and a first ammonia sensor are arranged between the ammonia oxidation catalyst and the ammonia fuel engine, a second NOx sensor and a second ammonia sensor are arranged between the mixer and the selective catalytic reducer, and a third NOx sensor and a third ammonia sensor are arranged at one end of the selective catalytic reducer, which is far away from the mixer.
Preferably, a reducing agent injector is provided between the selective catalytic reducer and the mixer and the reducing agent is injected through the reducing agent injector.
Preferably, the ammonia oxidation catalyst bypass valve, the reductant injector, the first NOx sensor, the second NOx sensor, the third NOx sensor, the first ammonia sensor, the second ammonia sensor, and the third ammonia sensor are connected to the controller.
Preferably, a stop valve is built in an end of the ammonia oxidation catalyst close to the ammonia fuel engine.
Preferably, the injected reducing agent includes ammonia, ammonia water and urea.
Preferably, the selective catalytic reducer comprises: noble metal catalysts, metal oxide catalysts, and molecular sieve catalysts;
the catalyst type of the noble metal catalyst comprises Pt/Al 2 O 3 And Pd/Al 2 O 3 The catalyst types of the metal oxide catalyst include V-base, mn-base and Cu-base, and the molecular sieve catalyst types include Fe-base molecular sieves and Cu-base molecular sieves.
Preferably, the ammonia oxidation catalyst comprises: noble metal catalysts, transition metal oxide catalysts, and molecular sieve catalysts;
the catalyst type of the noble metal catalyst comprises Pt, pd, ag and Ru, and the catalyst type of the transition metal oxide catalyst comprises V 2 O 5 、MnO 2 Fe (b) 2 O 3 Types of the molecular sieve catalyst include ZSM-5 molecular sieve, SAPO-34 molecular sieve, and SSZ-13 molecular sieve.
Preferably, the ammonia-fuelled engine operating modes include spark ignition, diesel ignition, low carbon/zero carbon fuel ignition, prechamber thermal turbulent jet ignition, and direct compression ignition.
Preferably, the catalyst of the selective catalytic reducer adsorbs and stores the reducing agent ammonia.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:
the application can flexibly control the opening of the bypass valve of the ammonia oxidation catalyst according to the tail gas components of different working conditions of the ammonia fuel engine, and realize the ideal ammonia nitrogen ratio (NH) before the selective catalytic reduction 3 NOx) in the exhaust gas of an ammonia-fueled engine, while avoiding additional reductant injection.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments, given with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an integrated purification aftertreatment device;
the figure shows:
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the present application, but are not intended to limit the application in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the inventive concept. These are all within the scope of the present application.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment includes: an ammonia oxidation catalyst 2, an ammonia oxidation catalyst bypass valve 3, an ammonia oxidation catalyst bypass line 4, a mixer 5, and a selective catalytic reducer 6; the ammonia fuel engine 1 is sequentially connected with an ammonia oxidation catalyst 2, a mixer 5 and a selective catalytic reducer 6, one end of an ammonia oxidation catalyst bypass pipeline 4 is connected between the ammonia fuel engine 1 and the ammonia oxidation catalyst 2, the other end of the ammonia oxidation catalyst bypass pipeline 4 is connected with the mixer 5, an ammonia oxidation catalyst bypass valve 3 is arranged on the ammonia oxidation catalyst bypass pipeline 4, and a stop valve is arranged at one end of the ammonia oxidation catalyst 2 close to the ammonia fuel engine 1. A reducing agent injector 7 is arranged between the selective catalytic reducer 6 and the mixer 5, and the reducing agent is injected through the reducing agent injector 7, and the catalyst of the selective catalytic reducer 6 adsorbs and stores reducing agent ammonia, and the injected reducing agent comprises ammonia, ammonia water and urea.
A first NOx sensor 801 and a first ammonia sensor 901 are provided between the ammonia oxidation catalyst 2 and the ammonia fuel engine 1, a second NOx sensor 802 and a second ammonia sensor 902 are provided between the mixer 5 and the selective catalytic reducer 6, and a third NOx sensor 803 and a third ammonia sensor 903 are provided at the end of the selective catalytic reducer 6 remote from the mixer 5. The ammonia oxidation catalyst bypass valve 3, the reducing agent injector 7, the first NOx sensor 801, the second NOx sensor 802, the third NOx sensor 803, the first ammonia sensor 901, the second ammonia sensor 902, and the third ammonia sensor 903 are connected to the controller 10.
In one embodiment, the ammonia oxidation catalyst 2 includes: noble metal catalysts, transition metal oxide catalysts, and molecular sieve catalysts; the noble metal catalyst comprises Pt, pd, ag and Ru, the transition metal oxide catalyst comprises V2O5, mnO2 and Fe2O3, and the molecular sieve catalyst comprises ZSM-5 molecular sieve, SAPO-34 molecular sieve and SSZ-13 molecular sieve. The selective catalytic reducer 6 includes: noble metal catalysts, metal oxide catalysts, and molecular sieve catalysts; the noble metal catalyst comprises Pt/Al2O3 and Pd/Al2O3, the metal oxide catalyst comprises V-base, mn-base and Cu-base, and the molecular sieve catalyst comprises Fe-base molecular sieve and Cu-base molecular sieve.
In one embodiment, the modes of operation of the ammonia-fueled engine 1 include spark ignition, diesel ignition, low carbon/zero carbon fuel ignition, prechamber thermal turbulent jet ignition, and direct compression ignition.
The embodiment also provides a working method of the integrated purifying post-processing device, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, the ammonia fuel engine 1 emits exhaust gas containing unburned ammonia and NOx, and the first NOx sensor 801 and the first ammonia sensor 901 measure the content of NOx and unburned ammonia in the exhaust gas, respectively, and feed back to the controller 10; step S2, the tail gas is firstly and later conveyed to a selective catalytic reducer 6 for reaction after passing through an ammonia oxidation catalyst 2 and a mixer 5; step S3, when the unburned ammonia is excessive in comparison with NOx in the reaction, the controller 10 controls the opening of the bypass valve 3 of the ammonia oxidation catalyst in real time according to the measured values of the second NOx sensor 802 and the second ammonia sensor 902, and part of tail gas enters the mixer 5 from the bypass pipeline 4 of the ammonia oxidation catalyst and is mixed with the gas catalyzed by the ammonia oxidation catalyst 2, so that the proper ammonia nitrogen ratio (NH 3/NOx) before the selective catalytic reducer 6 is ensured; step S4, when NOx is excessive in the reaction compared with unburned ammonia, closing a built-in stop valve of the ammonia oxidation catalyst 2, and stopping the ammonia oxidation catalyst 2; at the same time, the controller 10 calculates an additional reductant demand and controls the reductant injector 7 to perform an additional reductant injection before the selective catalytic reducer 6; step S5, reacting the balanced unburned ammonia and NOx in the selective catalytic reducer 6, thereby realizing integrated purification; in step S6, the third NOx sensor 803 and the third ammonia sensor 903 further measure the gas discharged from the reaction of the selective catalytic reducer 6 and feed back to the controller 10, and the controller 10 confirms that the exhaust gas is discharged up to standard according to the measurement result.
Example 2
Example 2 is a preferred example of example 1.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment includes: an ammonia oxidation catalyst 2, an ammonia oxidation catalyst bypass valve 3, an ammonia oxidation catalyst bypass line 4, a mixer 5, a selective catalytic reducer 6, a reducing agent injector 7, and a controller 10;
the ammonia oxidation catalyst 2, the mixer 5 and the selective catalytic reducer 6 are connected in sequence and are arranged behind the ammonia fuel engine 1; the ammonia oxidation catalyst bypass valve 3 and the ammonia oxidation catalyst bypass line 4 are connected in sequence and are connected in parallel with the ammonia oxidation catalyst 2. In a specific embodiment, one or more of the ammonia oxidation catalyst 2, the ammonia oxidation catalyst bypass valve 3, the ammonia oxidation catalyst bypass line 4, and the mixer 5 may be integrated and combined arbitrarily.
NOx and unburned ammonia in the exhaust gas of the ammonia-fueled engine 1 are measured by a first NOx sensor 801 and a first ammonia sensor 901, respectively, NOx and ammonia after the ammonia oxidation catalyst 2 are measured by a second NOx sensor 802 and a second ammonia sensor 902, respectively, and NOx and ammonia after the selective catalytic reducer 6 are measured by a third NOx sensor 803 and a third ammonia sensor 903, respectively.
Aiming at the working condition that the unburned ammonia in the tail gas of the ammonia fuel engine 1 is excessive compared with NOx in the SCR reaction, the controller 10 controls the opening of the bypass valve 3 of the ammonia oxidation catalyst in real time according to the measured values of the second NOx sensor 802 and the second ammonia sensor 902, so as to ensure the proper ammonia nitrogen ratio (NH 3 NOx) to achieve integrated purification of unburned ammonia and NOx in the ammonia-fuelled engine exhaust. For 1 ammonia fuelThe excess NOx conditions in the engine exhaust compared to the unburned ammonia in the SCR reaction are calculated by the controller 10 and the reductant injector 7 is controlled to inject additional reductant before the selective catalytic reducer 6.
The ammonia oxidation catalyst 2 is provided with a front stop valve, and the ammonia oxidation catalyst 2 is stopped under the condition of excessive NOx in the tail gas of the ammonia fuel engine 1, so that the unburned ammonia in the tail gas is ensured to be completely used for NOx reduction, and the injection of additional reducing agent is minimized. The adsorption characteristics of the catalyst in the selective catalytic reducer 6 can be utilized for reducing agent ammonia storage so as to improve the overall energy efficiency of the aftertreatment device and cope with the exhaust gas component change caused by the working condition change.
Based on the measured values of the second NOx sensor 802, the second ammonia sensor 902, the third NOx sensor 803, and the third ammonia sensor 903, the storage amount of the reducing agent ammonia in the selective catalytic reducer 6 is calculated in real time by the controller 10, and the opening degree of the ammonia oxidation catalyst bypass valve 3 is controlled to ensure that the storage amount is maintained in the set value range.
The reducing agent additionally injected by the reducing agent injector 7 may be ammonia, urea.
The ammonia fuel engine 1 may operate in a spark ignition mode, a diesel ignition mode, a low carbon/zero carbon fuel ignition mode, a pre-chamber thermal turbulent jet ignition mode, a direct compression ignition mode, etc.
The selective catalytic reducer 6 may be a noble metal catalyst, a metal oxide catalyst, a molecular sieve catalyst, or the like; the catalyst of the noble metal catalyst can be Pt/Al 2 O 3 、Pd/Al 2 O 3 And the like, the catalyst of the metal oxide catalyst may be a V-based, mn-based, cu-based, and the like, and the molecular sieve catalyst may be an Fe-based molecular sieve, a Cu-based molecular sieve, and the like.
The ammonia oxidation catalyst 2 may be a noble metal catalyst, a transition metal oxide catalyst, a molecular sieve catalyst, or the like; the catalyst of the noble metal catalyst may be Pt, pd, ag, ru, etc., and the catalyst of the transition metal oxide catalyst may be V 2 O 5 、MnO 2 、Fe 2 O 3 Etc.; the type of molecular sieve catalyst may be ZSM-5, SAPO-34, SSZ-13, etc.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.
The foregoing describes specific embodiments of the present application. It is to be understood that the application is not limited to the particular embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without affecting the spirit of the application. The embodiments of the application and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (10)
1. An ammonia-fueled engine unburned ammonia and NOx integrated purification aftertreatment device, comprising: an ammonia oxidation catalyst (2), an ammonia oxidation catalyst bypass valve (3), an ammonia oxidation catalyst bypass line (4), a mixer (5) and a selective catalytic reducer (6);
the ammonia fuel engine (1) is sequentially connected with the ammonia oxidation catalyst (2), the mixer (5) and the selective catalytic reducer (6);
one end of the ammonia oxidation catalyst bypass pipeline (4) is connected between the ammonia fuel engine (1) and the ammonia oxidation catalyst (2), the other end of the ammonia oxidation catalyst bypass pipeline is connected with the mixer (5), and the ammonia oxidation catalyst bypass pipeline (4) is provided with the ammonia oxidation catalyst bypass valve (3).
2. The ammonia-fueled engine unburned ammonia and NOx integrated purification aftertreatment device according to claim 1, wherein: a first NOx sensor (801) and a first ammonia sensor (901) are arranged between the ammonia oxidation catalyst (2) and the ammonia fuel engine (1), a second NOx sensor (802) and a second ammonia sensor (902) are arranged between the mixer (5) and the selective catalytic reducer (6), and a third NOx sensor (803) and a third ammonia sensor (903) are arranged at one end, far away from the mixer (5), of the selective catalytic reducer (6).
3. The ammonia-fueled engine unburned ammonia and NOx integrated purification aftertreatment device according to claim 2, wherein: a reducing agent injector (7) is arranged between the selective catalytic reducer (6) and the mixer (5) and the reducing agent is injected through the reducing agent injector (7).
4. An ammonia-fueled engine unburned ammonia and NOx integrated purification aftertreatment device according to claim 3, wherein: the ammonia oxidation catalyst bypass valve (3), the reducing agent injector (7), the first NOx sensor (801), the second NOx sensor (802), the third NOx sensor (803), the first ammonia sensor (901), the second ammonia sensor (902) and the third ammonia sensor (903) are connected with the controller (10).
5. The ammonia-fueled engine unburned ammonia and NOx integrated purification aftertreatment device according to claim 1, wherein: and a stop valve is arranged at one end of the ammonia oxidation catalyst (2) close to the ammonia fuel engine (1).
6. An ammonia-fueled engine unburned ammonia and NOx integrated purification aftertreatment device according to claim 3, wherein: the injected reducing agent comprises ammonia gas, ammonia water and urea, and the catalyst of the selective catalytic reducer (6) adsorbs and stores the reducing agent ammonia.
7. The ammonia-fueled engine unburned ammonia and NOx integrated purification aftertreatment device according to claim 1, wherein the selective catalytic reducer (6) comprises: noble metal catalysts, metal oxide catalysts, and molecular sieve catalysts;
the catalyst type of the noble metal catalyst comprises Pt/Al 2 O 3 And Pd/Al 2 O 3 The catalyst type of the metal oxide catalyst comprises V groupsMn group and Cu group, and the molecular sieve catalyst types include Fe-based molecular sieves and Cu-based molecular sieves.
8. The ammonia-fuel engine unburned ammonia and NOx integrated purification aftertreatment device according to claim 1, wherein the ammonia oxidation catalyst (2) comprises: noble metal catalysts, transition metal oxide catalysts, and molecular sieve catalysts;
the catalyst type of the noble metal catalyst comprises Pt, pd, ag and Ru, and the catalyst type of the transition metal oxide catalyst comprises V 2 O 5 、MnO 2 Fe (b) 2 O 3 Types of the molecular sieve catalyst include ZSM-5 molecular sieve, SAPO-34 molecular sieve, and SSZ-13 molecular sieve.
9. The ammonia-fueled engine unburned ammonia and NOx integrated purification aftertreatment device according to claim 1, wherein: the operating modes of the ammonia-fueled engine (1) include spark ignition, diesel ignition, low carbon/zero carbon fuel ignition, prechamber thermal turbulent jet ignition, and direct compression ignition.
10. A method of operating an ammonia-fueled engine unburned ammonia and NOx integrated purification aftertreatment device according to claim 4, comprising the steps of:
step S1, the ammonia fuel engine (1) emits tail gas containing unburned ammonia and NOx, and the first NOx sensor (801) and the first ammonia sensor (901) respectively measure the content of NOx and the content of the unburned ammonia in the tail gas and feed back to the controller (10);
step S2, the tail gas sequentially passes through the ammonia oxidation catalyst (2) and the mixer (5) and then is conveyed to the selective catalytic reducer (6) for reaction;
step S3, when unburned ammonia is excessive in the reaction compared with NOx, the controller (10) controls the opening degree of the ammonia oxidation catalyst bypass valve (3) in real time according to the measured values of the second NOx sensor (802) and the second ammonia sensor (902), and part of tail gas enters the mixer (5) from the ammonia oxidation catalyst bypass pipeline (4) and is mixed with gas catalyzed by the ammonia oxidation catalyst (2) to ensure proper ammonia and NOx ratio before the selective catalytic reducer (6);
step S4, when NOx is excessive in reaction compared with unburned ammonia, a built-in stop valve of the ammonia oxidation catalyst (2) close to one end of the ammonia fuel engine (1) is closed, and the ammonia oxidation catalyst (2) is stopped;
at the same time, the controller (10) calculates an additional reductant demand and controls the reductant injector (7) to perform an additional reductant injection before the selective catalytic reducer (6);
step S5, reacting the balanced unburned ammonia and NOx in the selective catalytic reducer (6), thereby realizing integral purification;
and S6, the third NOx sensor (803) and the third ammonia sensor (903) further measure the gas discharged by the reaction of the selective catalytic reducer (6) and feed the gas back to the controller (10), and the controller (10) confirms that the tail gas reaches the emission standard according to the measurement result.
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| CN118462360A (en) * | 2024-04-24 | 2024-08-09 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Integrated treatment device and method for ship ammonia fuel engine |
| CN118526944A (en) * | 2024-05-23 | 2024-08-23 | 中船动力(集团)有限公司 | A method and device for denitrifying tail gas from an ammonia fuel engine |
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