CN1167871A

CN1167871A - Lost circulation location measurement method and device

Info

Publication number: CN1167871A
Application number: CN 97111751
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李相方; 车仕华; 管丛笑; 隋秀香
Original assignee: China University of Petroleum Beijing
Current assignee: China University of Petroleum Beijing
Priority date: 1997-05-07
Filing date: 1997-05-07
Publication date: 1997-12-17
Anticipated expiration: 2017-05-07
Also published as: CN1060247C

Abstract

The invention provides a method and a measuring device thereof which can rapidly and accurately measure the lost circulation position under different drilling conditions. The measuring device includes a tracer, a flow meter, a tracer probe, a lost circulation position measuring instrument, a microcomputer and a printer. During the measurement, the tracer and the mud enter the wellbore entrance together, and start timing. At the same time, the mud flow at the wellbore inlet and outlet is measured to detect the appearance of the tracer at the wellbore exit, and the time for the mud to circulate in the wellbore for one week is obtained. The cross-sectional area of the annular space above the loss zone, the time difference of one week of mud circulation before and after the loss, the mud inlet flow rate and the return flow rate after the loss zone are used to calculate the well depth where the loss zone is located.

Description

Lost circulation location measurement method and device

本发明涉及一种井漏位置测量方法及其装置。The invention relates to a method and a device for measuring the lost circulation position.

目前，测量漏层位置的方法有多种，如专利号为US4346594的井漏位置的摩阻测量法，它是利用井漏时立管压力变化，借助一套环空水力学模型确定漏层的位置。虽然这种方法能迅速地求出漏层位置，但是，由于影响立管压力的因素很多，除地面管汇和泵、井下管柱、喷嘴方面的因素容易区别外，钻井液类型、性能、环空流态及井壁状况等对立管压力的影响是难以准确计算的，并且，在通常井眼钻井中，环空循环压耗仅占立管压力的一小部分，而井漏后，环空返出液量减少(或失返)，又只引起这一小部分立管压力变化，显然，以此来确定井漏位置的准确度是不高的。又如测漏仪及流速流向仪(LSX-2-中南工业大学)，它们需用电缆线下到井内方能测量漏层的位置，因此，其测漏花费的时间长，且易被卡在井内。再如在现场使用较多的凭经验的试堵法确定漏层位置和堵漏，它耗费的时间长，盲目性大。At present, there are many methods for measuring the position of the leakage zone, such as the friction measurement method of the lost circulation position in the patent No. US4346594, which uses the pressure change of the standpipe when the well loses circulation, and determines the leakage zone with the help of a set of annular hydraulic models. Location. Although this method can quickly find out the location of the leakage zone, since there are many factors affecting the pressure of the standpipe, in addition to the factors in the surface manifold and pump, downhole pipe string, and nozzles, the drilling fluid type, performance, and environment are easy to distinguish. It is difficult to accurately calculate the influence of empty flow state and wellbore condition on standpipe pressure. In addition, in normal wellbore drilling, annular circulation pressure loss only accounts for a small part of standpipe pressure. The decrease (or loss of return) of the return liquid only causes this small part of the standpipe pressure to change. Obviously, the accuracy of determining the lost circulation position is not high. Another example is the leak detector and the flow rate and direction meter (LSX-2-Central South University of Technology). They need to use cables to go down into the well to measure the position of the leak layer. Therefore, it takes a long time to detect the leak and is easy to be stuck. inside the well. Another example is the use of more empirical plugging methods to determine the location of leaks and plugging. It takes a long time and is blind.

本发明的目的是提供一种能迅速、准确地对不同钻井条件下井漏位置及水力特性的测量系统，使处理井漏有科学依据。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a measurement system that can quickly and accurately measure the location of lost circulation and hydraulic characteristics under different drilling conditions, so that there is a scientific basis for the treatment of lost circulation.

本发明的目的是这样实现的：The purpose of the present invention is achieved like this:

一种井漏位置测量方法，其特点是：A method for measuring the location of lost circulation, which is characterized in that:

(1)示踪剂与泥浆一同进入井眼入口，并开始计时；(1) The tracer and the mud enter the wellbore entrance together, and start timing;

(2)测量井眼进、出口的泥浆流量；(2) Measure the mud flow at the inlet and outlet of the wellbore;

(3)探测示踪剂在井眼出口的出现，得到泥浆在井眼中循环一周的时间；(3) Detect the appearance of the tracer at the exit of the wellbore, and obtain the time for the mud to circulate in the wellbore for one week;

(4)根据漏失层以上环空截面积、漏失发生前后泥浆循环一周的时间差、泥浆入口流量及漏失后返出流量，计算出漏失层所在井深。(4) According to the cross-sectional area of the annular space above the loss zone, the time difference of one cycle of mud circulation before and after the loss, the mud inlet flow rate and the return flow rate after the loss, the well depth where the loss zone is located is calculated.

一种井漏位置测量装置，其特点是：该装置包括示踪剂、流量计、示踪剂探头、井漏位置测量仪、微机、打印机，示踪剂随泥浆一同进入井眼入口并从井眼出口出来，流量计分别安装在井眼的泥浆进出口处，示踪剂探头安装在井眼的泥浆出口处，井漏位置测量仪分别与示踪剂探头及安装在井眼的泥浆进出口处的流量计相连接，微机与井漏位置测量仪连接，打印机与微机连接。A lost circulation position measurement device, characterized in that the device includes a tracer, a flow meter, a tracer probe, a lost circulation position measuring instrument, a microcomputer, and a printer, and the tracer enters the entrance of the wellbore together with the mud and flows from the well The flow meter is installed at the mud inlet and outlet of the wellbore, the tracer probe is installed at the mud outlet of the wellbore, and the lost circulation position measuring instrument is connected with the tracer probe and the mud inlet and outlet of the wellbore respectively. The flow meter at the location is connected, the microcomputer is connected with the lost circulation position measuring instrument, and the printer is connected with the microcomputer.

图1为本发明的示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention;

图2为本发明的井漏位置计算示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the lost circulation position calculation of the present invention;

图3为本发明的浮子液位计测量电路图。Fig. 3 is a measurement circuit diagram of the float level gauge of the present invention.

图中：1-示踪剂；2-流量仪；3-示踪剂检测仪；4-井漏位置测量仪；5-A/D板；6-微型计算机；7-打印机；8-漏失层；9-套管；10-井眼环空。In the figure: 1-tracer; 2-flow meter; 3-tracer detector; 4-lost circulation position measuring instrument; 5-A/D board; 6-microcomputer; 7-printer; 8-lost layer ; 9-casing; 10-borehole annulus.

下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步描述：The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment:

示踪法井漏位置测量方法及其装置，该装置由示踪剂、流量计、示踪剂检测仪、井漏位置测量电路、A/D板、微型计算机、打印机组成。微型计算机可使用COMPAQ486或IBM等兼容机，微机通过A/D板与井漏位置测量仪相联通，实现数据采集与处理。示踪剂为片状红色耐高温塑料纸、塑料小球(直径为2～4mm，密度与泥浆相当)，或液体(高粘饱和盐水或柴油)。流量仪为上海石油仪表厂制造的浮子式液位计，分别安装在泥浆循环系统的进、出口罐上，用于测量进、出井眼循环系统的泥浆量。示踪剂检测仪主要由上海石油仪表厂制造的电阻率传感器组成，装在泥浆循环出口处，用于检测泥浆的电阻率，从而测出液体示踪剂循环一周的时间(对于固体示踪剂可以直接从振动筛上拾到)。当发生井漏时，由于有部分泥浆漏入地层，致使漏层以上泥浆上返速度减小，从而使示踪剂返出地面的时间推迟一段时间△T。根据△T和进、出口泥浆量便可求得漏失层所在井深X，参见图4。 $X = \frac{Q_{2} Q}{(Q - Q_{2}) A} ΔT$ 式中 Q____泥浆入口流量；The lost circulation position measurement method and its device by the tracer method, the device is composed of a tracer, a flow meter, a tracer detector, a lost circulation position measurement circuit, an A/D board, a microcomputer, and a printer. Compatible computers such as COMPAQ486 or IBM can be used for the microcomputer, and the microcomputer is connected with the lost circulation position measuring instrument through the A/D board to realize data collection and processing. The tracer is flaky red high-temperature-resistant plastic paper, plastic pellets (diameter 2-4mm, density equivalent to mud), or liquid (high-viscosity saturated brine or diesel oil). The flow meter is a float-type liquid level meter manufactured by Shanghai Petroleum Instrument Factory, which is installed on the inlet and outlet tanks of the mud circulation system to measure the amount of mud entering and leaving the wellbore circulation system. The tracer detector is mainly composed of a resistivity sensor manufactured by Shanghai Petroleum Instrument Factory, which is installed at the outlet of the mud circulation to detect the resistivity of the mud, so as to measure the cycle time of the liquid tracer (for the solid tracer can be picked up directly from the shaker). When lost circulation occurs, because part of the mud leaks into the formation, the rate of return of the mud above the lost zone decreases, thereby delaying the time for the tracer to return to the ground for a period of time ΔT. According to ΔT and the inlet and outlet mud volumes, the well depth X where the leakage zone is located can be obtained, see Figure 4. $x = \frac{Q_{2} Q}{(Q - Q_{2}) A} ΔT$ In the formula, Q____ mud inlet flow rate;

Q₂___漏失后返出泥浆流量；Q ₂ ___ return mud flow after leakage;

A____漏失层以上环空截面积；A____ cross-sectional area of the annular space above the loss zone;

△T___漏失发生前后泥浆循环一周的时间差。△T___ is the time difference of one week of mud circulation before and after the loss occurs.

漏失层以上环空截面积A可按漏失发生前用示踪剂测得的泥浆循环一周时间来推算，并采用试算法最终计算出漏层位置。The cross-sectional area A of the annular space above the leakage layer can be calculated based on the mud circulation time measured with a tracer for one week before the leakage, and the position of the leakage layer can be finally calculated by using the trial algorithm.

示踪法井漏位置测量仪由井漏位置测量电路和A/D板组成，用来控制泥浆进、出口罐浮子液位计和示踪剂检测仪，以电压信号来显示测试值，并通过A/D板转换为数字模拟信号输入计算机处理。The tracer method lost circulation position measuring instrument is composed of a lost circulation position measuring circuit and an A/D board, which is used to control the float level gauge and the tracer detector of the mud inlet and outlet tanks, and displays the test value with a voltage signal, and passes through A The /D board is converted into digital and analog signals and input to the computer for processing.

Claims

1. A lost circulation location measurement method, characterized in that:

(1) The tracer and the mud enter the wellbore entrance together, and start timing;

(2) Measure the mud flow at the inlet and outlet of the wellbore;

(3) Detect the appearance of the tracer at the exit of the wellbore, and obtain the time for the mud to circulate in the wellbore for one week;

(4) According to the cross-sectional area of the annular space above the loss zone, the time difference of one cycle of mud circulation before and after the loss, the mud inlet flow rate and the return flow rate after the loss, the well depth where the loss zone is located is calculated.

2. The method for measuring lost circulation position according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cross-sectional area of the annular space above the lost circulation layer can be estimated by the mud circulation period measured with a tracer before the lost circulation occurs for one week.

3. A lost circulation position measurement device, characterized in that: the device comprises a tracer, a flow meter, a tracer probe, a lost circulation position measuring instrument, a microcomputer, a printer, and the tracer enters the borehole entrance together with the mud and From the wellbore outlet, the flowmeter is installed at the mud inlet and outlet of the wellbore, the tracer probe is installed at the mud outlet of the wellbore, and the lost circulation position measuring instrument is connected with the tracer probe and the mud installed in the wellbore respectively. The flow meter at the inlet and outlet is connected, the microcomputer is connected with the lost circulation position measuring instrument, and the printer is connected with the microcomputer.

4. The lost circulation position measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that the lost circulation position measuring instrument of the device is composed of a lost circulation position measuring circuit and an A/D board.

5. The lost circulation location measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the tracer of the device is a solid substance visible to naked eyes.

6. The lost circulation position measuring device according to claim 5, characterized in that: the tracer of the device is a sheet-shaped red high-temperature-resistant plastic paper or plastic pellets.

7. The lost circulation location measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the tracer of the device is a liquid substance.

8. The lost circulation location measuring device according to claim 7, characterized in that: the tracer of the device is high viscosity saturated brine or diesel oil.

9. The lost circulation location measuring device according to claim 5, characterized in that the tracer probe of the device can be omitted.

10. The lost circulation position measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the tracer is a solid substance, the tracer can be picked up from the shale shaker at the wellbore outlet.