CN116728009A - Method for regulating and controlling titanium alloy friction welding joint structure based on electric pulse - Google Patents
Method for regulating and controlling titanium alloy friction welding joint structure based on electric pulse Download PDFInfo
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- CN116728009A CN116728009A CN202310698747.8A CN202310698747A CN116728009A CN 116728009 A CN116728009 A CN 116728009A CN 202310698747 A CN202310698747 A CN 202310698747A CN 116728009 A CN116728009 A CN 116728009A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for regulating and controlling a titanium alloy friction welding joint structure based on electric pulse, which is implemented according to the following steps: step 1, performing linear friction welding on TC11 and TC17 titanium alloy to obtain an original welded joint; step 2, preparing a joint plate-shaped sample by utilizing an original welding joint in the wire-electrode cutting step 1, and preprocessing the surface of the plate-shaped sample; step 3, connecting the two ends of the sample processed in the step 2 with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a pulse power supply, and placing the sample on an experiment table; step 4, switching on a pulse power supply, adjusting pulse voltage, pulse frequency and pulse time to perform electric pulse heat treatment on the sample, and measuring the real-time temperature of the central area of the sample; and 5, after the electric pulse heat treatment is finished, cutting off a pulse power supply, and obtaining a final sample after air cooling. The invention can rapidly and obviously improve the structure of the TC11/TC17 titanium alloy LFW joint on the premise of not affecting the structure performance of the parent metal, thereby greatly improving the toughness of the joint while ensuring the good strength of the joint.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solid phase welding methods, and particularly relates to a method for regulating and controlling a titanium alloy friction welding head structure based on electric pulses.
Background
The titanium alloy is a preferable material for preparing important bearing part structural members such as an aircraft engine, a large frame beam, a landing gear and the like due to the characteristics of high strength, excellent corrosion resistance and the like. As a solid phase welding technology, linear Friction Welding (LFW) has the advantages of high welding efficiency, environmental protection, self-cleaning function and the like, and a forged tissue joint formed under the action of pressure can obtain a titanium alloy component with the strength equivalent to that of an integral machine, so that the Linear Friction Welding (LFW) becomes an important technology for integrally forming titanium alloy. A large number of researches show that equiaxed structures of a welding seam area of the titanium alloy LFW joint promote crack initiation, and streamline structures of a thermodynamic influence area accelerate crack propagation, so that low-toughness cleavage and fracture occur at the joint part, and the wide application of the LFW technology is restricted. The traditional integral heat treatment method has limited improvement on joint structure, and has the defects of long heat treatment time, large energy consumption, influence on parent metal structure and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for regulating and controlling a titanium alloy friction welding joint structure based on electric pulses, which improves joint toughness by regulating and controlling TC11 and TC17 titanium alloy joint structures.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the method for regulating and controlling the titanium alloy friction welding head structure based on electric pulse is implemented according to the following steps:
step 1, performing linear friction welding on TC11 and TC17 titanium alloy to obtain an original welded joint;
step 2, preparing a joint plate-shaped sample by utilizing an original welding joint in the wire-electrode cutting step 1, and preprocessing the surface of the plate-shaped sample;
step 3, connecting the two ends of the sample processed in the step 2 with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a pulse power supply, and placing the sample on an experiment table;
step 4, switching on a pulse power supply, adjusting pulse voltage, pulse frequency and pulse time to perform electric pulse heat treatment on the sample, and measuring the real-time temperature of the central area of the sample;
and 5, after the electric pulse heat treatment is finished, cutting off a pulse power supply, and obtaining a final sample after air cooling.
The invention is also characterized in that:
the pretreatment in the step 2 is specifically implemented according to the following steps:
step 2.1, polishing the surface of the joint plate-shaped sample by using sand paper, wherein the sand paper polishing mark of the previous pass is covered by the polishing mark of the next pass until polishing is smooth and bright;
and 2.2, wetting the absorbent cotton with absolute ethyl alcohol, wiping the polished sample, and drying for later use.
The plate-like sample had a size of 60X 20X 3mm 3 The sand paper adopts 240# to 1000#.
And 3, the anode and the cathode of the pulse power supply in the step 3 are both copper plates, a sample is clamped between two copper electrodes connected with the pulse power supply, and the distance between the two copper electrodes is 50mm.
In the step 4, the pulse voltage is 50V-70V, the pulse frequency is 150 Hz-250 Hz, and the heat treatment time is 40 s-70 s.
Step 3 was performed on a THDM-II 5000A type electro-plastic pulsing apparatus.
And step 4, measuring the temperature of the sample by adopting a K-type contact type temperature measuring instrument with the model of TES1310, wearing an insulating glove in the temperature measuring process, and controlling the highest temperature at 500-700 ℃.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention provides a method for regulating and controlling titanium alloy friction welding joint structure based on electric pulse, which can rapidly and obviously improve the TC11/TC17 titanium alloy LFW joint structure on the premise of not influencing the parent metal structure performance, and greatly improve the joint toughness while ensuring the good strength of the joint.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an experimental process of electric pulse heat treatment in a method for regulating and controlling a titanium alloy friction welding joint structure based on electric pulses;
FIG. 2 is a graph of microstructure before and after joint heat treatment in the method of the invention for modulating the texture of a titanium alloy friction weld joint based on electrical pulses;
FIG. 3 is a graph of joint impact fracture morphology after heat treatment in the method of the invention for modulating titanium alloy friction weld joint structure based on electrical pulses.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
The invention discloses a method for regulating and controlling a titanium alloy friction welding head structure based on electric pulse, which is implemented according to the following steps:
step 1, performing linear friction welding on TC11 and TC17 titanium alloy to obtain an original welded joint;
step 2, preparing a joint plate-shaped sample by utilizing an original welding joint in the wire-electrode cutting step 1, and preprocessing the surface of the plate-shaped sample;
the pretreatment in the step 2 is specifically implemented according to the following steps:
step 2.1, dimensions 60X 20X 3mm 3 Polishing the surface of the joint plate-shaped sample by using 240# to 1000# abrasive paper, wherein the abrasion mark of the next pass covers the abrasion mark of the abrasive paper of the previous pass until polishing is smooth and bright;
step 2.2, wetting the absorbent cotton with absolute ethyl alcohol, wiping the polished sample, and drying for later use;
step 3, connecting the two ends of the sample processed in the step 2 with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a pulse power supply, and placing the sample on an experiment table;
the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the pulse power supply in the step 3 are both copper plates, a sample is clamped between two copper electrodes connected with the pulse power supply, the distance between the two copper electrodes is 50mm, namely the effective length of the sample passing through pulse current is fixed to be 50mm;
step 3 is performed on a THDM-II 5000A type electro-plastic pulse device;
step 4, switching on a pulse power supply, adjusting pulse voltage, pulse frequency and pulse time to perform electric pulse heat treatment on the sample, and measuring the real-time temperature of the central area of the sample;
in the step 4, the pulse voltage is 50V-70V, the pulse frequency is 150 Hz-250 Hz, and the heat treatment time is 40 s-70 s;
step 4, measuring the temperature of a sample by adopting a K-type contact type thermometer with the model of TES1310, wearing an insulating glove in the temperature measuring process, and controlling the highest temperature to be 500-700 ℃;
and 5, after the electric pulse heat treatment is finished, cutting off a pulse power supply, and obtaining a final sample after air cooling.
Example 1
The method for regulating and controlling the titanium alloy friction welding joint structure based on the electric pulse is specifically implemented according to the following steps:
step 1: performing linear friction welding on TC11 and TC17 titanium alloy to obtain an original welded joint;
step 2: preparing a joint plate-shaped sample by utilizing an original welding joint in the wire-cut electric discharge machining step 1, and preprocessing the surface of the plate-shaped sample;
the pretreatment in the step 2 is specifically implemented according to the following steps:
step 2.1, dimensions 60X 20X 3mm 3 Polishing the surface of the joint plate-shaped sample by using 240# to 1000# abrasive paper, wherein the abrasion mark of the next pass covers the abrasion mark of the abrasive paper of the previous pass until polishing is smooth and bright;
step 2.2, wetting the absorbent cotton with absolute ethyl alcohol, wiping the polished sample, and drying for later use;
step 3, connecting the two ends of the sample processed in the step 2 with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a pulse power supply, and placing the sample on an experiment table;
the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the pulse power supply in the step 3 are copper plates, a sample is clamped between two copper electrodes connected with the pulse power supply, and the distance between the two copper electrodes is 50mm;
step 3 is performed on a THDM-II 5000A type electro-plastic pulse device;
step 4: switching on a pulse power supply, regulating pulse voltage, pulse frequency and pulse time to perform electric pulse heat treatment on the sample, and measuring the real-time temperature of the central area of the sample;
in the step 4, the pulse voltage is 50V, the pulse frequency is 200Hz, and the heat treatment time is 50s;
step 4, measuring the temperature of a sample by adopting a K-type contact type thermometer with the model of TES1310, wearing an insulating glove in the temperature measuring process, and enabling the highest temperature of the central area of the sample to be 600 ℃;
step 5: and after the electric pulse heat treatment is finished, cutting off a pulse power supply, and obtaining a final sample after air cooling.
Example 2
The method for regulating and controlling the titanium alloy friction welding joint structure based on the electric pulse is specifically implemented according to the following steps:
step 1: performing linear friction welding on TC11 and TC17 titanium alloy to obtain an original welded joint;
step 2: preparing a joint plate-shaped sample by utilizing an original welding joint in the wire-cut electric discharge machining step 1, and preprocessing the surface of the plate-shaped sample;
the pretreatment in the step 2 is specifically implemented according to the following steps:
step 2.1, dimensions 60X 20X 3mm 3 Polishing the surface of the joint plate-shaped sample by using 240# to 1000# abrasive paper, wherein the abrasion mark of the next pass covers the abrasion mark of the abrasive paper of the previous pass until polishing is smooth and bright;
step 2.2, wetting the absorbent cotton with absolute ethyl alcohol, wiping the polished sample, and drying for later use;
step 3, connecting the two ends of the sample processed in the step 2 with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a pulse power supply, and placing the sample on an experiment table;
the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the pulse power supply in the step 3 are copper plates, a sample is clamped between two copper electrodes connected with the pulse power supply, and the distance between the two copper electrodes is 50mm;
step 3 is performed on a THDM-II 5000A type electro-plastic pulse device;
step 4: switching on a pulse power supply, regulating pulse voltage, pulse frequency and pulse time to perform electric pulse heat treatment on the sample, and measuring the real-time temperature of the central area of the sample;
in the step 4, the pulse voltage is 60V, the pulse frequency is 250Hz, and the heat treatment time is 60s;
step 4, measuring the temperature of a sample by adopting a K-type contact type thermometer with the model of TES1310, wearing an insulating glove in the temperature measuring process, and enabling the highest temperature of the central area of the sample to be 615 ℃;
step 5: and after the electric pulse heat treatment is finished, cutting off a pulse power supply, and obtaining a final sample after air cooling.
Example 3
The method for regulating and controlling the titanium alloy friction welding joint structure based on the electric pulse is specifically implemented according to the following steps:
step 1: performing linear friction welding on TC11 and TC17 titanium alloy to obtain an original welded joint;
step 2: preparing a joint plate-shaped sample by utilizing an original welding joint in the wire-cut electric discharge machining step 1, and preprocessing the surface of the plate-shaped sample;
the pretreatment in the step 2 is specifically implemented according to the following steps:
step 2.1, dimensions 60X 20X 3mm 3 Polishing the surface of the joint plate-shaped sample by using 240# to 1000# abrasive paper, wherein the abrasion mark of the next pass covers the abrasion mark of the abrasive paper of the previous pass until polishing is smooth and bright;
step 2.2, wetting the absorbent cotton with absolute ethyl alcohol, wiping the polished sample, and drying for later use;
step 3, connecting the two ends of the sample processed in the step 2 with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a pulse power supply, and placing the sample on an experiment table;
the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the pulse power supply in the step 3 are copper plates, a sample is clamped between two copper electrodes connected with the pulse power supply, and the distance between the two copper electrodes is 50mm;
step 3 is performed on a THDM-II 5000A type electro-plastic pulse device;
step 4: switching on a pulse power supply, regulating pulse voltage, pulse frequency and pulse time to perform electric pulse heat treatment on the sample, and measuring the real-time temperature of the central area of the sample;
in the step 4, the pulse voltage is 65V, the pulse frequency is 230Hz, and the heat treatment time is 65s;
step 4, measuring the temperature of a sample by adopting a K-type contact type thermometer with the model of TES1310, wearing an insulating glove in the temperature measuring process, and enabling the highest temperature of the central area of the sample to be 625 ℃;
step 5: and after the electric pulse heat treatment is finished, cutting off a pulse power supply, and obtaining a final sample after air cooling.
Example 4
The method for regulating and controlling the titanium alloy friction welding joint structure based on the electric pulse is specifically implemented according to the following steps:
step 1: performing linear friction welding on TC11 and TC17 titanium alloy to obtain an original welded joint;
step 2: preparing a joint plate-shaped sample by utilizing an original welding joint in the wire-cut electric discharge machining step 1, and preprocessing the surface of the plate-shaped sample;
the pretreatment in the step 2 is specifically implemented according to the following steps:
step 2.1, dimensions 60X 20X 3mm 3 Polishing the surface of the joint plate-shaped sample by using 240# to 1000# abrasive paper, wherein the abrasion mark of the next pass covers the abrasion mark of the abrasive paper of the previous pass until polishing is smooth and bright;
step 2.2, wetting the absorbent cotton with absolute ethyl alcohol, wiping the polished sample, and drying for later use;
step 3, connecting the two ends of the sample processed in the step 2 with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a pulse power supply, and placing the sample on an experiment table;
the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the pulse power supply in the step 3 are copper plates, a sample is clamped between two copper electrodes connected with the pulse power supply, and the distance between the two copper electrodes is 50mm;
step 3 is performed on a THDM-II 5000A type electro-plastic pulse device;
step 4: switching on a pulse power supply, regulating pulse voltage, pulse frequency and pulse time to perform electric pulse heat treatment on the sample, and measuring the real-time temperature of the central area of the sample;
in the step 4, the pulse voltage is 70V, the pulse frequency is 250Hz, and the heat treatment time is 70s;
step 4, measuring the temperature of a sample by adopting a K-type contact type thermometer with the model of TES1310, wearing an insulating glove in the temperature measuring process, and setting the highest temperature of the central area of the sample to be 680 ℃;
step 5: and after the electric pulse heat treatment is finished, cutting off a pulse power supply, and obtaining a final sample after air cooling.
Example 5
The method for regulating and controlling the titanium alloy friction welding joint structure based on the electric pulse is specifically implemented according to the following steps:
step 1: performing linear friction welding on TC11 and TC17 titanium alloy to obtain an original welded joint;
step 2: preparing a joint plate-shaped sample by utilizing an original welding joint in the wire-cut electric discharge machining step 1, and preprocessing the surface of the plate-shaped sample;
the pretreatment in the step 2 is specifically implemented according to the following steps:
step 2.1, dimensions 60X 20X 3mm 3 Polishing the surface of the joint plate-shaped sample by using 240# to 1000# abrasive paper, wherein the abrasion mark of the next pass covers the abrasion mark of the abrasive paper of the previous pass until polishing is smooth and bright;
step 2.2, wetting the absorbent cotton with absolute ethyl alcohol, wiping the polished sample, and drying for later use;
step 3, connecting the two ends of the sample processed in the step 2 with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a pulse power supply, and placing the sample on an experiment table;
the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the pulse power supply in the step 3 are copper plates, a sample is clamped between two copper electrodes connected with the pulse power supply, and the distance between the two copper electrodes is 50mm;
step 3 is performed on a THDM-II 5000A type electro-plastic pulse device;
step 4: switching on a pulse power supply, regulating pulse voltage, pulse frequency and pulse time to perform electric pulse heat treatment on the sample, and measuring the real-time temperature of the central area of the sample;
in the step 4, the pulse voltage is 60V, the pulse frequency is 150Hz, and the heat treatment time is 50s;
step 4, measuring the temperature of a sample by adopting a K-type contact type thermometer with the model of TES1310, wearing an insulating glove in the temperature measuring process, and enabling the highest temperature of the central area of the sample to be 635 ℃;
step 5: and after the electric pulse heat treatment is finished, cutting off a pulse power supply, and obtaining a final sample after air cooling.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the experimental procedure of electric pulse heat treatment based on the method of electric pulse control of titanium alloy friction weld joint structure obtained in example 4. Carrying out electric pulse heat treatment on the TC11/TC17 LFW joint by THDM-II 5000A type electroplastic pulse equipment, connecting the sample with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a pulse power supply, wherein the positive electrode and the negative electrode adopt the size of 60 multiplied by 20 multiplied by 3mm 3 The digital storage oscilloscope is connected to a pulse power supply, and the final sample is obtained by adjusting and controlling air cooling of electric pulse heat treatment of the butt joint through changing parameters such as pulse voltage, pulse frequency, pulse time and the like. The K-type contact surface thermometer with the model TES1310 is closely contacted with the surface of a measurement sample, and temperature changes of different positions of the sample are measured in real time.
FIG. 2 is a microstructure of weld zone before and after joint heat treatment in the method for adjusting and controlling titanium alloy friction welding joint structure based on electric pulse obtained in example 4, the weld interface between the TC11 side and the TC17 side of the joint after welding is clearly visible in FIG. 2 (a), the difference of the structures of the two sides is obvious, and the weld zone at the TC11 side consists of a large amount of long strip-shaped primary alpha phase, a small amount of tiny needle-shaped secondary alpha' phase and residual beta phase, as shown in FIG. 2 (b); the TC17 side weld zone is long-strip-shaped and equiaxed primary alpha phase distributed in the beta matrix, and a large amount of fine martensite alpha' phase is uniformly dispersed in the crystal, as shown in fig. 2 (c). After the electric pulse heat treatment, the difference of the welding seam areas at the two sides is reduced, as shown in fig. 2 (d); the long primary alpha phase of the TC11 side weld zone is converted into fine needles as shown in FIG. 2 (e); the primary alpha phase of the TC17 side weld is converted into a fine secondary alpha 'phase, and the fine secondary alpha' phases are distributed on the beta matrix in a staggered manner, as shown in fig. 2 (f).
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the fracture position and fracture morphology of the joint after electric pulse heat treatment in the method for controlling the titanium alloy friction welding joint structure based on electric pulse obtained in example 4, and it can be seen from FIG. 3 (a) that the joint is broken from the weld zone, and the crack is propagated in a wavy tortuous path; it can be seen from fig. 3 (b) that the fracture is formed by three parts, the crack initiation area is wider and unevenly distributed, and the equiaxed ductile fossa is the main part, as shown in fig. 3 (c); the surface of the crack propagation zone is very rough, river-like pattern marks are visible, and a large number of ductile pits and through-crystal fracture characteristics are visible in FIG. 3 (d); the shear lip region is wide at both ends and narrow in the middle, with a large number of dimples, as shown in fig. 3 (e).
The TC11 and TC17 titanium alloy linear friction welding head obtained by the steps has the TC11 parent metal impact toughness of more than or equal to 30J/cm at room temperature 2 TC17 parent metal impact toughness is more than or equal to 35J/cm 2 The impact toughness of the welded joint is more than or equal to 30J/cm 2 While the impact toughness of the joint after welding without heat treatment is only 9.3+/-0.1J/cm 2 Therefore, the microstructure of the joint is effectively improved after the treatment of the invention, and the toughness is obviously improved.
Claims (7)
1. The method for regulating and controlling the titanium alloy friction welding head structure based on the electric pulse is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, performing linear friction welding on TC11 and TC17 titanium alloy to obtain an original welded joint;
step 2, preparing a joint plate-shaped sample by utilizing the original welding joint in the step 1 by wire-cut electric discharge machining, and preprocessing the surface of the plate-shaped sample;
step 3, connecting the two ends of the sample processed in the step 2 with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a pulse power supply, and placing the sample on a laboratory table;
step 4, switching on a pulse power supply, adjusting pulse voltage, pulse frequency and pulse time to perform electric pulse heat treatment on the sample, and measuring the real-time temperature of the central area of the sample;
and 5, after the electric pulse heat treatment is finished, cutting off a pulse power supply, and obtaining a final sample after air cooling.
2. The method for regulating and controlling the structure of the titanium alloy friction welding head based on the electric pulse according to claim 1, wherein the pretreatment in the step 2 is specifically implemented according to the following steps:
step 2.1, polishing the surface of the joint plate-shaped sample by using sand paper, wherein the sand paper polishing mark of the previous pass is covered by the polishing mark of the next pass until polishing is smooth and bright;
and 2.2, wetting the absorbent cotton with absolute ethyl alcohol, wiping the polished sample, and drying for later use.
3. The method for regulating and controlling titanium alloy friction welding joint structure based on electric pulse according to claim 2, wherein the dimensions of the plate-shaped sample are 60×20×3mm 3 The sand paper adopts 240# to 1000#.
4. The method for regulating and controlling the titanium alloy friction welding joint structure based on the electric pulse according to claim 1, wherein the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the pulse power supply in the step 3 are copper plates, the sample is clamped between two copper electrodes connected with the pulse power supply, and the distance between the two copper electrodes is 50mm.
5. The method for regulating and controlling the titanium alloy friction welding joint structure based on the electric pulse according to claim 1, wherein the pulse voltage in the step 5 is 50-70V, the pulse frequency is 150-250 Hz, and the heat treatment time is 40-70 s.
6. The method for regulating and controlling titanium alloy friction welding joint structure based on electric pulse according to claim 1, wherein the step 3 is performed on a THDM-II 5000A type electro-plastic pulse device.
7. The method for regulating and controlling the titanium alloy friction welding joint structure based on the electric pulse according to claim 1, wherein the step 4 adopts a K-type contact type temperature measuring instrument with the model of TES1310 to measure the temperature of a sample, an insulating glove is worn in the temperature measuring process, and the highest temperature is controlled to be 500-700 ℃.
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