CN116569830A - A kind of propagation method of recessive nuclear male sterile line of rapeseed - Google Patents

Abstract

The present application relates to a method for breeding recessive nuclear male sterile lines of rapeseed, which includes: selecting homozygous male sterile lines with a proportion of sterile plants and fertile plants within a set range in the recessive nuclear male sterile two-line homozygous lines. In the greenhouse, when the homozygous sterile plant grows from budding to the initial flowering stage, the temperature of the greenhouse is controlled to rise first and then cool down, and irradiate with far-infrared light. Convert the homozygous sterile strains into fertile strains; put honeybees in the greenhouse for assisted pollination and selfing, and harvest the female parent of the homozygous sterile line; combine the female parent of the homozygous sterile line with the homogeneous The male parent of the temporary insurance line was propagated to obtain a recessive nuclear male sterile line of rapeseed with 100% sterile strains. The invention provides a method for breeding recessive nuclear male sterile lines of rapeseed. By breeding specific homozygous sterile plants, temperature control and far-infrared light irradiation, 100% sterile plants can be obtained, and there is no need to pull out fertile plants during reproduction. , high seed yield, good seed purity.

Description

A kind of propagation method of recessive nuclear male sterile line of rapeseed

technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of rapeseed hybridization, in particular to a method for propagating a recessive nuclear male sterile line of rapeseed.

Background technique

Rapeseed crops are one of the important sources of edible oil in my country, accounting for a quarter of the world's rapeseed acreage. Rapeseed production mainly depends on expanding planting area and increasing unit yield. The yield of existing hybrid rapeseed varieties is about 10-20% higher than that of conventional varieties, so the utilization of rapeseed heterosis is an important way to increase the yield level of rapeseed.

At present, rapeseed male sterile dual-purpose lines are used in the seed production process. At the initial flowering stage, 50% of the fertile plants in the female parent row need to be pulled out. Seed production. Only the application of nuclear male sterile three-line hybrids is ideal, and it is easy to obtain all-sterile lines for seed production without pulling out 50% of the fertile plants. However, in the process of parental reproduction, it is necessary to remove 50% of the fertile plants in the homozygous sterile line (female parent) and reproduce them with the temporary insurance line to produce a full sterile line. Therefore, it is necessary to strictly remove 50% of the fertile plants in the female parent line in the breeding process, so as not to miss a single plant, otherwise the sterile line of the breeding can not reach the ideal 100% complete sterile plant. Once the fertile plants are not completely removed, it will affect the purity of seed production and increase the risk of production.

Contents of the invention

The embodiment of the present application provides a method for propagating a recessive nuclear male sterile line of rapeseed, so as to solve the technical problem in the related art that fertile plants are not completely cleared during nuclear sterile hybrid seed production, which affects the purity of the seed production.

The embodiment of the present application provides a method for breeding a recessive nuclear male sterile line of rapeseed, comprising the following steps:

Among homozygous two-line recessive male sterile lines, select homozygous sterile plants with a ratio of sterile plants to fertile plants within a set range, and transplant them into greenhouses;

In the greenhouse, when the homozygous sterile plants grow from budding to the initial flowering stage, the temperature of the greenhouse is controlled to rise first and then cool down, irradiate with far-infrared light, and transform the homozygous sterile plants into is a fertile plant;

Putting honeybees in the greenhouse for assisted pollination and selfing, harvesting 100% sterile homozygous male parent;

The female parent of the homozygous sterile line is propagated with the male parent of the homogeneous temporary insurance line to obtain a 100% sterile rapeseed recessive nuclear male sterile line.

In some embodiments, the set range of the ratio of sterile plants to fertile plants is 45-50%.

In some embodiments, said controlling the temperature of the greenhouse to first increase the temperature and then lower the temperature includes:

Controlling the temperature of the greenhouse to first raise the temperature to 35-37°C for 30-45 hours;

Control the temperature of the greenhouse and then cool it down to 15-25°C.

In some embodiments, the wavelength of the far-infrared light is 730nm.

In some embodiments, the irradiation time of the far-infrared light is 12-13 hours/day, and 10-20 days from initial flowering to full flowering.

In some embodiments, the breeding of the female parent of the homozygous sterile line and the male parent of the homogeneous temporary insurance line includes:

The female parent of the homozygous sterile line is sown in the seedling tray;

The male parent of the homogeneous temporary insurance line is sown in different seedling trays;

After sowing and emergence to the set time, the rapeseed seedlings of the female parent of the homozygous male sterile line and the rapeseed seedlings of the male parent of the homogeneous temporary protection line are transplanted, and propagated in an isolated net room or in an isolated mountain field.

In some embodiments, in the isolated net room, at least the density of the nylon in the net room is 60 mesh; in the field in the isolated mountainous area, there are no cruciferous crops in at least 1000 meters around.

In some embodiments, the breeding of the female parent of the homozygous sterile line and the male parent of the homogeneous temporary insurance line also includes:

When the rapeseed seedlings of the female parent of the homozygous sterile line and the rape seedlings of the male parent of the homogeneous temporary insurance line enter the initial flowering stage, artificial impurity removal treatment is performed.

In some embodiments, the breeding of the female parent of the homozygous sterile line and the male parent of the homogeneous temporary insurance line also includes:

After manual impurity removal treatment, bees are put in for auxiliary pollination.

In some embodiments, the breeding of the female parent of the homozygous sterile line and the male parent of the homogeneous temporary insurance line also includes:

When the rapeseed seedlings of the female parent of the homozygous sterile line and the rapeseed seedlings of the male parent of the homogeneous temporary insurance line enter the final flowering stage, the male parent plants are harvested and removed from the isolation net room or the isolated mountain field.

The beneficial effects brought by the technical solution provided by the application include:

This application provides a method for breeding recessive nuclear male sterile lines of rapeseed. When cultivating the female parent, select and breed specific homozygous sterile strains, and then perform temperature control after heating up and then cooling down, and increase far-infrared light irradiation. Specific homozygous sterile plants are converted into fertile plants, and then propagated to produce recessive nuclear male sterile lines of rapeseed, which can be freely matched and grouped when used for hybrid production. Since the fertility is stable and 100% sterile, the breeding There is no need to pull out fertile plants, only need to remove impurities and bad ones, the line ratio can be increased, the purity of seed production is guaranteed, the yield of seed production is high, the cost of seed production is greatly reduced, the breeding process is shortened, and efficient parental reproduction is realized.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the propagation method of recessive nuclear male sterile line of rapeseed in one embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments It is a part of the embodiments of this application, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present application.

As shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the present application provides a kind of breeding method of recessive nuclear male sterile line of rapeseed, comprising the following steps:

Step S1. From the two-line homozygous recessive male sterile line, select a homozygous sterile plant whose ratio of sterile plant to fertile plant is within a set range, and transplant it into a greenhouse;

Step S2. In the greenhouse, when the homozygous sterile plants grow to the budding stage to the initial flowering stage, control the temperature of the greenhouse to rise first and then cool down, and perform far-infrared light irradiation to convert the homozygous sterile plants into fertile plants;

Step S3, put honeybees in the greenhouse for assisted pollination and self-fertilization, and harvest the homozygous male sterile line female parent of 100% sterile plants;

Step S4, multiplying the female parent of the homozygous sterile line and the male parent of the homogeneous temporary insurance line to obtain a recessive nuclear male sterile line of rapeseed with 100% sterile strains.

The embodiment of the present application provides a method for breeding recessive nuclear male sterile lines of rapeseed. When cultivating the female parent, select and breed specific homozygous sterile strains, and then perform temperature control after heating up and then cooling down, and increase far-infrared light irradiation , convert a specific homozygous sterile plant into a fertile plant, and then propagate and select a recessive nuclear male sterile line of rapeseed, which can be freely matched and grouped when used for hybrid production, because the fertility is stable and 100% sterile , No need to pull out fertile plants during reproduction, only need to remove impurities, the line ratio can be increased, the purity of seed production is guaranteed, the yield of seed production is high, the cost of seed production is greatly reduced, the breeding process is shortened, and efficient parental reproduction is realized.

Each step will be described in detail below.

Step S1. From the two-line homozygous recessive male sterile lines, select homozygous sterile plants with a ratio of sterile plants to fertile plants within a set range, and transplant them into a greenhouse.

The recessive male sterile two-line homozygous line is the recessive male sterile two-line homozygous line 118AB controlled by three pairs of genes, the genotypes are ms ₃ ms ₃ ms ₄ ms ₄ RfRf and Ms ₃ ms ₃ ms ₄ ms ₄ RfRf or ms ₃ ms ₃ ms ₄ ms ₄ RfRf and ms ₃ ms ₃ Ms ₄ ms ₄ RfRf are obtained by breeding.

Among them, ms ₃ ms ₃ ms ₄ ms ₄ is a recessive sterility gene, Ms ₃ Ms ₃ Ms ₄ Ms ₄ is a dominant fertility gene, RfRf is a dominant restorer gene, and rfrf is a recessive restorer gene.

In some embodiments, the set range of the ratio of sterile plants to fertile plants is 45-50%, more preferably 50%. The recessive male sterile two-line homozygous line with specific fertility ratio and specific selection can convert the homozygous sterile plants into fertile plants under temperature control and far-infrared irradiation.

Step S2. In the greenhouse, when the homozygous sterile plants grow to the budding stage and the initial flowering stage, the temperature of the greenhouse is controlled to rise first and then cool down, and irradiate with far-infrared light to convert the homozygous sterile plants into fertile plants.

Raising the temperature first and then cooling down can avoid a large number of dead buds and poor fruiting; through far-infrared light irradiation, warm light irradiation is increased to convert homozygous sterile plants into fertile plants.

In some embodiments, controlling the temperature of the greenhouse to first heat up and then cool down includes:

Control the temperature of the greenhouse to rise to 35-37°C for 30-45 hours;

Control the temperature of the greenhouse and then cool it down to 15-25°C.

In some embodiments, the far infrared light has a wavelength of 730nm.

In some embodiments, the irradiation time of far-infrared light is 12-13 hours/day, and the period from initial flowering to full flowering is 10-20 days.

It is further preferably: control the temperature of the greenhouse to rise to 37°C for 45 hours in a row; then control the temperature of the greenhouse and then lower the temperature to 20°C at room temperature, and at the same time, the irradiation time of far-infrared light is 12.5 hours/day, and 15 hours from the initial flowering to the full flowering stage. sky.

Step S3, putting honeybees in the greenhouse for assisted pollination and self-fertilization, and harvesting 100% sterile homozygous male sterile line female parents, and the bees assisted pollination to increase the seed setting rate.

The harvested homozygous sterile line female parent is completely sterile when sowing and flowering, but due to the small amount of seeds, it needs to be reproduced in large quantities.

Step S4, multiplying the female parent of the homozygous sterile line and the male parent of the homogeneous temporary insurance line to obtain a recessive nuclear male sterile line of rapeseed with 100% sterile strains.

In some embodiments, breeding the female parent of the homozygous sterile line with the male parent of the homogeneous temporary insurance line includes:

Step S41, sow the female parent of the homozygous sterile line in a seedling tray; sow the male parent of the homogeneous CMS line in a different seedling tray.

The male parent of the homogeneous Linbao line is the 113C strain of the homogeneous nuclear male sterile Linbao line, and the genotype is ms ₃ ms ₃ ms ₄ ms ₄ rfrf.

Step S42, after sowing and emergence until the set time, transplant the rapeseed seedlings of the female parent of the homozygous male sterile line and the male parent of the homogeneous temporary insurance line, and propagate in isolated net rooms or isolated mountainous fields.

Specifically, 25 days after sowing and emergence, the female rapeseed seedlings of the homozygous male sterile line and the male parent rapeseed seedlings of the homogeneous temporary insurance line were transplanted to the isolation net room greenhouse according to the row ratio of female 4 (rows): father 2 (rows). .

In some embodiments, in the isolated net room, at least the density of the nylon in the net room is 60 mesh; Influence.

In some embodiments, breeding the female parent of the homozygous sterile line with the male parent of the homogeneous temporary insurance line also includes:

Step S43 , when the rapeseed seedlings of the female parent of the homozygous sterile line and the male parent of the homogeneous temporary insurance line enter the initial flowering stage, manual removal of impurities is performed.

Manual impurity removal treatment includes impurity removal, insect removal, and disease prevention treatment, and manual intervention is carried out in advance to avoid affecting seed production.

In some embodiments, breeding the female parent of the homozygous sterile line with the male parent of the homogeneous temporary insurance line also includes:

Step S44, put the bees into the honeybee for auxiliary pollination after manual impurity removal treatment.

Bees assist in pollination to increase seed setting.

In some embodiments, breeding the female parent of the homozygous sterile line with the male parent of the homogeneous temporary insurance line also includes:

Step S45, when the female rapeseed seedlings of the homozygous sterile line and the male parent rapeseed seedlings of the homogeneous temporary insurance line enter the final flowering stage, the male parent plants are harvested and removed from the isolation net room or the isolated mountain field.

Harvesting single plants of the male parent can prevent mixing.

The breeding of the homogeneous temporary insurance line is carried out according to the existing normal parental breeding operation procedures of rapeseed alone.

After the above-mentioned method, after the female parent of the homozygous sterile line matures normally, the rapeseed recessive male sterile line 2183A (ms ₃ ms ₃ ms ₄ ms ₄ Rfrf) of 100% sterile strain is obtained, and the seed bag is put into the label, Single harvest, single sun and single storage can produce a large number of F1 generation hybrids with other normal fertile varieties.

It should be noted that in this application, relative terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply There is no such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "comprising" or any other variation thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article, or apparatus comprising a set of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not expressly listed. elements, or also elements inherent in such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or apparatus that includes the element.

The above are only specific implementation manners of the present application, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims (10)

1. The propagation method of the rape recessive cell nucleus male sterile line is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

selecting homozygous sterile plants with the proportion of sterile plants and fertile plants in a set range from homozygous lines of recessive nucleus male sterile two lines, and transplanting the homozygous sterile plants into a greenhouse;

in the greenhouse, when the homozygous sterile plant grows to a bud to an initial flowering period, controlling the temperature of the greenhouse to be firstly increased and then decreased, and carrying out far infrared light irradiation to convert the homozygous sterile plant into a fertile plant;

placing bees in the greenhouse for supplementary pollination and selfing, and harvesting homozygous sterile line female parent of 100% sterile plants;

and breeding the homozygous sterile line female parent and the homogeneous temporary maintainer line male parent to obtain a rape recessive cell nucleus male sterile line of 100% sterile plants.

2. The method for propagating a recessive nuclear male sterile line of rape according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the sterile plant to the fertile plant is set to be 45-50%.

3. The method for breeding a rape recessive nuclear male sterile line according to claim 1, wherein the controlling of the temperature of the greenhouse comprises the steps of:

the temperature of the greenhouse is controlled to be raised to 35-37 ℃ firstly, and the temperature is continuously kept for 30-45 hours;

controlling the temperature of the greenhouse to be reduced to 15-25 ℃.

4. The propagation method of a rape recessive nuclear male sterile line according to claim 1, wherein the wavelength of the far infrared light is 730nm.

5. The method for propagating a recessive nuclear male sterile line of rape according to claim 1, wherein the irradiation time of far infrared light is 12-13 hours/day, and the period from the initial flowers to the full bloom is 10-20 days.

6. The method for breeding a recessive nuclear male sterile line of rape according to claim 1, wherein the step of breeding a homozygous sterile line female parent and a homogeneous temporary maintainer line male parent comprises:

sowing the homozygous sterile line female parent in a seedling raising hole tray;

sowing the homogeneous temporary maintainer line male parent in different seedling raising hole trays;

and after sowing and emergence of seedlings to a set time, transplanting the homozygous sterile line female parent rape seedlings and the homogeneous temporary maintainer line male parent rape seedlings, and carrying out isolated net room or isolated mountain area field block propagation.

7. The method for propagating a recessive nuclear male sterile line of canola plant of claim 6, wherein said isolated cells have a density of at least 60 mesh nylon; in the isolated mountain area field, no cruciferous crop is present at least 1000 meters around.

8. The method for breeding a recessive nuclear male sterile line of rape according to claim 6, wherein the breeding of the homozygous sterile line female parent and the homozygously temporary maintainer line male parent further comprises:

and when the homozygous sterile line female parent rape seedling and the homogeneous temporary maintainer line male parent rape seedling enter an initial flowering period, performing artificial impurity removal treatment.

9. The method for propagating a recessive nuclear male sterile line of rape of claim 8, wherein said propagating a homozygous sterile line female parent with a homogeneous temporary maintainer line male parent further comprises:

and (5) after manual impurity removal treatment, putting bees into the artificial impurity removal treatment for supplementary pollination.

10. The method for propagating a recessive nuclear male sterile line of canola according to claim 9, wherein said propagating a homozygous sterile line female parent with a homozygously maintainer line male parent further comprises:

when the homozygous sterile line female parent rape seedling and the homogeneous temporary maintainer line male parent rape seedling enter the final flowering period, harvesting male parent single plants in the homozygous sterile line female parent rape seedling and the homogeneous temporary maintainer line male parent rape seedling, and removing the male parent single plants from an isolation net room or an isolation mountain field block.