CN116481817A - A kind of miniature high-precision light gas cannon test device and its test method - Google Patents
A kind of miniature high-precision light gas cannon test device and its test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116481817A CN116481817A CN202310168755.1A CN202310168755A CN116481817A CN 116481817 A CN116481817 A CN 116481817A CN 202310168755 A CN202310168755 A CN 202310168755A CN 116481817 A CN116481817 A CN 116481817A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M15/00—Testing of engines
- G01M15/02—Details or accessories of testing apparatus
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/08—Shock-testing
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种微型高精度轻气炮试验装置，包括高压轻气供给系统、枪体单元、装弹单元、枪管单元和装置底座；枪体单元包括密封塞、气室、四通体、压力表、电磁阀、枪体底座和枪体底板；装弹单元包括锁紧套筒、密封顶头、锥形密封垫片和装弹支撑座；枪管单元包括前后设置的枪管、盖板和枪管支撑梁；枪管为毛细管；装弹单元还包括若干拉杆；拉杆的后端与装弹支撑座固定，前端与枪管单元的枪管支撑梁固定。本发明装置实现了微小弹丸的无托化，进而提高了高速弹道实验装置的速度精度和位置精度。
The invention discloses a miniature high-precision light gas cannon test device, which comprises a high-pressure light gas supply system, a gun body unit, a loading unit, a gun barrel unit and a device base; the gun body unit includes a sealing plug, an air chamber, a four-way body, a pressure gauge, a solenoid valve, a gun body base and a gun body bottom plate; The rear end of the pull rod is fixed to the loading support seat, and the front end is fixed to the barrel support beam of the barrel unit. The device of the invention realizes the non-support of tiny projectiles, and further improves the speed accuracy and position accuracy of the high-speed ballistic experiment device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of damage tests of materials and structural foreign objects, relates to a test device, and particularly relates to a miniature high-precision light air cannon test device and a test method thereof.
Background
When the aircraft flies or takes off and land at low altitude, the engine is easy to suck in foreign matters such as sand, parts and the like. Since the rotational speed of the air compressor of an aeroengine is as high as ten thousand revolutions per minute, the foreign matters collide with the blades of the air compressor, and damage to foreign matters (foreign object damage, abbreviated as FOD) of the structure is caused. Serious FODs will cause a dramatic drop in the load carrying capacity of the structure, which often requires direct replacement in maintenance. In practice, the more common cases are: the FOD is light, and the structural member can still continue to be safely used for a considerable time. At this time, if the parts are directly replaced, great waste is caused. Therefore, it is necessary to study the remaining properties of the structure containing a slight FOD. In order to reproduce FOD in real environments under laboratory conditions, a high-speed projectile launching device is required. At present, the light air gun/cannon pressure is easy to control, convenient to use and relatively safe, and is widely used for FOD research under laboratory conditions. As FOD research is in progress, higher demands are being made on the reproduction of structural FOD: (1) Smaller shots, more precise ejection speed, to result in smaller, more controlled FOD. (2) Higher positional accuracy to produce FOD at a specific location of the structure; (3) Is movable to realize static loading and FOD generation under high-temperature environment. However, current light air guns/cannons are relatively large in caliber (typically greater than 10mm in diameter) and require a sabot to support and propel the projectile if the tiny projectile is to be launched. The complex structure leads to the speed and the position of the shot targeting to have larger dispersivity, and the size is too large to be moved, so that the current requirement on higher-precision reproduction of the FOD is difficult to meet. In order to realize a light air gun for emitting tiny pellets, high requirements are put on the processing, loading and the like of a gun barrel 41, and no small caliber air gun is reported at present.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a light air gun test apparatus capable of emitting minute shots with high accuracy to achieve accurate reproduction of the engine structure FOD.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a miniature high-precision light air gun test device and a test method thereof, which are used for overcoming the defects of the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a miniature high-precision light air cannon test apparatus, which has the following characteristics: comprises a high-pressure light gas supply system, a gun body unit, a loading unit, a gun barrel unit and a device base; the gun body unit comprises a sealing plug, an air chamber, a four-way body, a pressure gauge, an electromagnetic valve, a gun body base and a gun body bottom plate; the four-way body is fixed on the gun body base and is provided with an air chamber communication hole, an electromagnetic valve communication hole, a pressure gauge communication hole and an air inlet which are communicated with each other; the front end of the air chamber is communicated with the air chamber communication hole of the four-way body; the sealing plug is plugged into the rear end of the air chamber, and can move relative to the air chamber so as to adjust the volume of the sealing plug plugged into the air chamber; the pressure gauge is connected with the pressure gauge communication hole of the four-way body; the high-pressure light gas supply system is connected with the gas inlet of the four-way body, and gas is input into the four-way body; the electromagnetic valve is fixed on the gun body base; the air inlet end of the electromagnetic valve is communicated with the electromagnetic valve communication hole of the four-way body; the gun body base is arranged on the gun body bottom plate and is in sliding connection with the gun body bottom plate and can slide back and forth relative to the gun body bottom plate; the gun body bottom plate is fixed on the device base; the loading unit comprises a locking sleeve, a sealing plug, a conical sealing gasket and a loading supporting seat; the bottom of the loading supporting seat is fixed on the device base and is positioned at the front side of the gun body unit; the loading supporting seat is provided with a supporting seat through hole penetrating through the front and rear of the loading supporting seat; the conical sealing gasket is provided with conical bullet through holes penetrating through the front and rear parts of the conical sealing gasket; the conical sealing gasket is fixed at the rear side of the loading support seat, and the conical bullet through hole is aligned with the support seat through hole; the sealing plug is provided with a plug air passage penetrating through the front and rear parts of the sealing plug; the sealing plug is arranged at the rear side of the conical sealing gasket, and the plug air passage is aligned with the conical bullet through hole of the conical sealing gasket; the rear end of the sealing plug is fixed and communicated with the air outlet end of the electromagnetic valve of the gun body unit; the locking sleeve is sleeved outside the sealing plug, the front end of the locking sleeve is detachably connected with the loading support seat, and the sealing plug is abutted against the conical sealing gasket after the locking sleeve is connected with the loading support seat; the gun barrel unit comprises a gun barrel, a cover plate and a gun barrel supporting beam which are arranged front and back; the gun barrel is a capillary tube; the gun barrel supporting beam is fixed on the device base; the upper surface of the gun barrel supporting beam is provided with a V-shaped groove; the cover plate is positioned above the gun barrel supporting beam, and the lower surface of the cover plate is provided with a V-shaped groove; the gun tube is clamped between the V-shaped groove of the gun tube supporting beam and the V-shaped groove of the cover plate, and the gun tube is fixed by fixing the cover plate on the gun tube supporting beam; the rear end of the gun barrel is detachably fixed in a supporting seat through hole of a loading supporting seat of the loading unit and is communicated with a conical bullet through hole of the conical sealing gasket; the loading unit further comprises a plurality of pull rods; the rear end of the pull rod is fixed with the loading supporting seat, and the front end is fixed with a gun barrel supporting beam of the gun barrel unit.
Further, the invention provides a miniature high-precision light air gun test device, which can also have the following characteristics: the device also comprises a loading mechanism; the loading mechanism comprises a core bar and a needle head; the needle head is of a cylindrical structure with a needle point at the front end, and the core rod can move in the needle head; the method comprises the steps of firstly placing the projectile at the needle point of the needle head, aligning the needle point with a conical bullet through hole of the conical sealing gasket, pushing the core rod, and pushing the projectile into the gun barrel.
Further, the invention provides a miniature high-precision light air gun test device, which can also have the following characteristics: in the gun body unit, the air chamber communication hole and the electromagnetic valve communication hole of the four-way body are arranged on a straight line in the front-back direction, the pressure gauge communication hole and the air inlet are mutually perpendicular, and are staggered in the front-back direction.
Further, the invention provides a miniature high-precision light air gun test device, which can also have the following characteristics: in the gun body unit, a gun body base comprises a gun body step base and a gun body flat base, a four-way body and an electromagnetic valve are fixed on the gun body step base, and the gun body step base is fixed on the gun body flat base; the gun body unit also comprises a plurality of linear sliding blocks and a plurality of guide rails; the linear sliding blocks are fixed on the lower surface of the gun body flat base, the guide rails are fixed on the upper surface of the gun body bottom plate, the linear sliding blocks are in one-to-one correspondence with the guide rails and are matched with the guide rails, the linear sliding blocks are in sliding connection with the corresponding guide rails, and the gun body flat base is in sliding connection with the gun body bottom plate through the linear sliding blocks and the guide rails; the air chamber communication hole, the electromagnetic valve communication hole, the pressure gauge communication hole and the air inlet of the four-way body are provided with internal threads, and are respectively in threaded connection with the front end of the air chamber, the air inlet end of the electromagnetic valve, the pressure gauge and the high-pressure light air supply system; the sealing plug is provided with external threads, the rear end of the air chamber is provided with an air chamber threaded hole, the sealing plug is in threaded connection with the air chamber threaded hole, and the volume of the air chamber plugged into the air chamber is adjusted by rotating the sealing plug.
Further, the invention provides a miniature high-precision light air gun test device, which can also have the following characteristics: in the loading unit, a thrust bearing is arranged between the locking sleeve and the sealing plug, and the thrust bearing is sleeved outside the sealing plug; the locking sleeve is provided with internal threads, the upper part of the loading supporting seat is provided with external threads, the locking sleeve is sleeved on the sealing plug and props against the thrust bearing, and the locking sleeve is in threaded connection with the loading supporting seat, and after the locking sleeve is screwed up, the sealing plug and the conical sealing gasket are abutted tightly.
Further, the invention provides a miniature high-precision light air gun test device, which can also have the following characteristics: the gun barrel unit further comprises a rubber sheet, and the rubber sheet is adhered to the surface of the V-shaped groove of the cover plate; the front end of the gun barrel extends out of the gun barrel supporting beam and the cover plate, and a plurality of speed measuring through holes are formed in the side face of the gun barrel; the front end of the gun barrel supporting beam is provided with a plurality of supporting beam mounting threaded holes for mounting a shooting sighting telescope; the lower surface of the barrel support beam also has a V-shaped groove.
Further, the invention provides a miniature high-precision light air gun test device, which can also have the following characteristics: the high-pressure light gas supply system comprises a high-pressure gas cylinder, a pressure reducing valve, a proportional valve and a high-pressure pipe; the high-pressure gas cylinder, the pressure reducing valve, the proportional valve and the high-pressure pipe are sequentially connected through pipe threads, the high-pressure pipe is connected with the gas inlet of the four-way body of the gun body unit, and light gas is output from the high-pressure gas cylinder to the four-way body through the pressure reducing valve, the proportional valve and the high-pressure pipe.
Further, the invention provides a miniature high-precision light air gun test device, which can also have the following characteristics: the electromagnetic valve switch system is also included; the electromagnetic valve switch system comprises a switch button, a direct current power supply and a plurality of wires; the direct current power supply, the switch button and the electromagnetic valve of the gun body unit are connected through the lead to form a passage control electromagnetic valve.
Further, the inventionThe miniature high-precision light air gun test device can also have the following characteristics: also comprises a computer; the computer comprises a first communication line, a second communication line and a third communication line; the first communication line is used for sending out control signals to the proportional valve; the second communication line is used for obtaining a gun bore pressure value; the third communication line is used for sending a transmitting signal; the logic controlled by the computer is as follows: step one, setting a target bore pressure p g The computer transmits the pressure digital signal to the high-pressure light gas supply system through the first communication line, and the transmitted pressure digital signal p v Specific target bore pressure p g 10% greater; step two, bore pressure p p The digital signal of (a) is transmitted to the computer through the second communication line ifThen consider p p Reach p v At this time, the computer sends a closing signal to the high-pressure light gas supply system to stop gas supply; step three, bore pressure p p Gradually decrease along with the slow air leakage of the system, when +.>When the bullet is in the forward direction, the computer sends an opening signal to the electromagnetic valve of the gun body unit through the third communication line, the electromagnetic valve is immediately opened, and the high-pressure gas pushes the bullet to move forward, so that the bullet is launched.
Further, the invention provides a miniature high-precision light air gun test device, which can also have the following characteristics: the method comprises the following steps: s1, evacuating, wherein the gun barrel is filled with light gas; s2, loading; s3, spreading a first test injection: setting the outlet pressure of the high-pressure light gas supply system as p t1 When the reading of the pressure gauge reaches 1.1p t1 Then, closing the high-pressure light gas supply system; waiting for the manometer reading p p0 Slowly decline toThe pellets are ejected when the pellets are ejected; the flying speed of the projectile is v measured by a speed measuring system t1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the S4, recording expected pellet flight speed as v ideal The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If v t1 >v ideal Then record the corresponding p t1 Is the upper limit pressure p max The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the At this time, a second test was conducted at a test pressure of 0.5p t1 If the flying speed v under the pressure t2 <v ideal Then record 0.5p t1 Is the lower limit pressure p min Otherwise, the lower limit pressure is not found, the test pressure is further multiplied by 0.5 until the lower limit pressure p is found min The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If v t1 <v ideal Then record the corresponding p t1 Is the lower limit pressure p min The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the At this time, a second test is conducted, the test pressure is 2p t1 If the flying speed v under the pressure t2 >v ideal Record 2p t1 Is the upper limit pressure p max Otherwise, the upper limit pressure is not found, the test pressure is further multiplied by 2 until the upper limit pressure p is found max The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Finally, the upper limit pressure p of the test injection pressure is determined by this step max And a lower limit pressure p min The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the S5, in order to make the speed of the shot be accurate enough, several trial shots are required to determine the final bore pressure p ideal : upper limit pressure p max And a lower limit pressure p min In between, the next trial injection pressure +.>The flying speed of the projectile under the pressure is v ti The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If v ti >v ideal Let p max ＝p ti The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the No make p min ＝p ti The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the This step determines the upper limit pressure p of the new pilot pressure max And a lower limit pressure p min The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the S6, repeating S5 untilMake->
S7, aiming the gun barrel at a target, loading the target, and using p ideal Pressurizing and firing are carried out as target bore pressure.
The invention also provides a test method of the miniature high-precision light air gun test device, which has the following characteristics:
the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a miniature high-precision light air gun test device and a test method thereof, which realize the unbounding of tiny pellets and further improve the speed precision and the position precision of a high-speed trajectory experiment device. Specifically, the device adopts accurate seamless capillary as the barrel, and on the one hand the capillary is a low-cost finished product spare, has saved the high-amount expense of high accuracy barrel processing, and on the other hand compares in traditional have the launch form of bullet support, through the influence of the complex interaction of pellet, bullet support and rifle/barrel in the pellet flight process to the pellet motion of having removed from the pellet of capillary launch, can realize the high speed precision and the high position accuracy of tiny pellet. The barrel bore may be circular, square or other shaped to accommodate bullets of different cross-sectional shapes, enabling controllability of impact attitude. In order to enable the capillary gun tube to be smoothly applied, the invention designs various gun tube protection structures, including a cover plate, a gun tube supporting beam, a pull rod, a loading supporting seat and the like in a gun tube unit, which can reduce the stress of the gun tube, greatly reduce the damage of the gun tube in the test, and further ensure the realization of the high-precision ejection test of the tiny pellets. Furthermore, the device reduces the consumption of light gas and greatly reduces the use cost of equipment; meanwhile, compared with the existing light air gun/cannon test device, the device has obvious weight reduction effect and can be moved easily. In addition, the transmitting end and the precise seamless gun barrel are connected through universal threads, so that the gun barrel can be adapted to gun barrels of different specifications; on the other hand, the device is very convenient for replacing the vulnerable part, namely the gun barrel, and the maintainability of the device is greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a miniature high-precision light air cannon test apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the gun body unit in a disassembled configuration;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the four-way body in the gun body unit;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the structure and disassembly of the loading unit;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the barrel unit in a disassembled configuration;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a loading unit and its loading process;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of recoil analysis with tie rod (right side) and without tie rod (left side).
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention provides a miniature high-precision light gas gun test device, which comprises a high-pressure light gas supply system 1, a gun body unit 2, a loading unit 3, a gun barrel unit 4, a device base 5, a loading mechanism 6, an electromagnetic valve switch system 7 and a computer 8.
The device base 5 is an F aluminum profile and a standard aluminum profile and is used for the assembly of the whole device. The assembled device can be further assembled to a desired work platform by means of a device base 5 (F-profile).
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the gun body unit 2 includes a sealing plug 21, an air chamber 22, a four-way body 23, a pressure gauge 24, a solenoid valve 25, a gun body base 26, and a gun body bottom plate 27. The four-way body 23 is fixed to the gun body base 26, and the four-way body 23 has a gas chamber communication hole 231, a solenoid valve communication hole 232, a pressure gauge communication hole 233, and a gas inlet 234, which communicate with each other. The front end of the air chamber 22 communicates with the air chamber communication hole 231 of the four-way body 23. The sealing plug 21 is plugged into the rear end of the air chamber 22, and the sealing plug 21 is movable relative to the air chamber 22 to adjust the volume of the sealing plug 21 plugged into the air chamber 22. The pressure gauge 24 is connected to the pressure gauge communication hole 233 of the four-way body 23, and detects the pressure in the four-way body 23. The high-pressure light gas supply system 1 is connected to the gas inlet 234 of the four-way body 23, and supplies gas into the four-way body 23. The electromagnetic valve 25 is fixed on the gun body base 26. The intake end of the solenoid valve 25 communicates with a solenoid valve communication hole 232 of the four-way body 23. The gun body base 26 is disposed on the gun body bottom plate 27, slidably connected to the gun body bottom plate 27, and slidably movable back and forth relative to the gun body bottom plate 27. The gun body bottom plate 27 is fixed on the device base 5.
Specifically, the gun body base 26 includes a gun body step base 261 and a gun body flat base 262, the four-way body 23 and the solenoid valve 25 are both fixed on the gun body step base 261, and the gun body step base 261 is fixed on the gun body flat base 262. The gun body unit 2 further comprises three linear slides 28 and three guide rails 29. Three linear sliding blocks 28 are fixed on the lower surface of the gun body flat plate base 262, three guide rails 29 are fixed on the upper surface of the gun body bottom plate 27, the three linear sliding blocks 28 are in one-to-one correspondence with and matched with the three guide rails 29, the linear sliding blocks 28 are in sliding connection with the corresponding guide rails 29, and the gun body flat plate base 262 is in sliding connection with the gun body bottom plate 27 through the linear sliding blocks 28 and the guide rails 29.
The concrete mounting structure of the gun body unit 2 is as follows: the first counter bore 2611 of 2 step bases on the gun body step base 261 is used for installing the four-way body 23, 2 screws respectively penetrate through the first counter bore 2611 of 2 step bases, and then are connected with the 2 four-way body threaded holes 2301 at the bottom of the four-way body 23, so that the installation of the four-way body 23 can be realized. The 2 step base second counter bores 2612 on the gun body step base 261 are used for installing the electromagnetic valve 25, 2 screws respectively penetrate through the 2 step base second counter bores 2612, and then are connected with the 2 electromagnetic valve threaded holes 2501 at the bottom of the electromagnetic valve 25, so that the electromagnetic valve 25 can be installed. The fixing of the gun body flat plate base 262 and the gun body step base 261 can be realized by adopting 4 screws to penetrate through the 4 flat plate base first counter bores 2621 on the gun body flat plate base 262 and then screwing into the 4 step base threaded holes 2613 on the gun body step base 261. The gun body flat plate base 262 and the linear slide block 28 can be fixed by adopting 12 screws which pass through the second counter bores 2622 of the 12 flat plate bases on the gun body flat plate base 262 and are screwed into the slide block threaded holes 2801 on the three linear slide blocks 28. The screws pass through the guide rail counter bores 2901 on the three guide rails 29 and are screwed into the bottom plate threaded holes 2701 on the gun body bottom plate 27, so that the guide rails 29 can be installed. The screws penetrate through the bottom plate counter bores 2702 on the gun body bottom plate 27, then penetrate through the gaps of the device base 5 (F aluminum profile), and finally are screwed into the T-shaped nuts, so that the gun body bottom plate 27 can be fixed on the device base 5 (F aluminum profile).
The air chamber communication hole 231 and the electromagnetic valve communication hole 232 of the four-way body 23 are arranged on a straight line in the front-rear direction, the pressure gauge communication hole 233 and the air inlet 234 are mutually perpendicular, and are arranged in a staggered manner in the front-rear direction, so that air intake can avoid the pressure gauge 24, and the pressure measurement of the pressure gauge 24 is more accurate.
The air chamber communication hole 231, the solenoid valve communication hole 232, the pressure gauge communication hole 233, and the air inlet 234 of the four-way body 23 are each provided with internal threads, and are respectively screwed to the front end of the air chamber 22, the air inlet end of the solenoid valve 25, the pressure gauge 24, and the high-pressure light air supply system 1. The threaded connection may facilitate replacement of the air chamber 22, thereby enabling adjustments to the ejection rate of the bullet, etc.
The sealing plug 21 is provided with external threads, the rear end of the air chamber 22 is provided with an air chamber threaded hole 221, the sealing plug 21 is in threaded connection with the air chamber threaded hole 221, and the volume of the air chamber 22 is adjusted by rotating the sealing plug 21, so that the capacity of the air chamber 22 is adjusted, and fine adjustment of bullet ejection speed and the like is realized.
The high-pressure light gas supply system 1 includes a high-pressure gas cylinder, a pressure reducing valve, a proportional valve, and a high-pressure pipe. The high-pressure gas cylinder, the pressure reducing valve, the proportional valve and the high-pressure pipe are sequentially connected through pipe threads, the high-pressure pipe is connected with the gas inlet 234 of the four-way body 23 of the gun body unit 2, and light gas (helium, nitrogen and the like) is output from the high-pressure gas cylinder into the four-way body 23 through the pressure reducing valve, the proportional valve and the high-pressure pipe.
The solenoid valve switching system 7 includes a switch button, a direct current power supply, and a plurality of wires. The direct current power supply, the switch button and the electromagnetic valve 25 of the gun body unit 2 are connected by leads to form a passage control electromagnetic valve 25.
As shown in fig. 4, the loading unit 3 includes a locking sleeve 31, a sealing plug 32, a tapered sealing gasket 33, and a loading support 34. The bottom of the loading support 34 is fixed to the device base 5 on the front side of the gun body unit 2. The loading support 34 has a support through hole 341 penetrating the front and rear thereof. The tapered sealing gasket 33 has tapered bullet through holes extending through the front and rear thereof. A conical sealing gasket 33 is secured to the rear side of the loading support 34 with the conical bullet through-holes aligned with the support through-holes 341. The seal plug 32 has plug air passages extending therethrough front and rear. The sealing plug 32 is provided on the rear side of the tapered sealing gasket 33, and the plug air passage is aligned with the tapered bullet through hole of the tapered sealing gasket 33. The rear end of the sealing plug 32 is fixed and communicated with the air outlet end of the electromagnetic valve 25 of the gun body unit 2. The locking sleeve 31 is sleeved outside the sealing plug 32, the front end of the locking sleeve is detachably connected with the loading supporting seat 34, and the sealing plug 32 is abutted against the conical sealing gasket 33 after the locking sleeve is connected with the loading supporting seat.
Further preferably, a thrust bearing 36 is provided between the locking sleeve 31 and the sealing plug 32, and the thrust bearing 36 is sleeved outside the sealing plug 32. The locking sleeve 31 is provided with internal threads, the upper part of the loading supporting seat 34 is provided with external threads, the locking sleeve 31 is sleeved on the sealing plug 32 and props against the thrust bearing 36, and is in threaded connection with the loading supporting seat 34, and after the locking sleeve is screwed, the sealing plug 32 and the conical sealing gasket 33 are abutted tightly, so that the air passage tightness is ensured.
The specific mounting structure of the loading unit 3 is: the installation of the conical sealing gasket 33 on the loading support seat 34 can be realized by passing 4 screws through 4 gasket counter bores 3301 on the conical sealing gasket 33 and screwing into 4 support seat first threaded holes 3401 on the loading support seat 34. The back end of the sealing plug 32 is provided with a plug counter bore 3201 which is communicated with a plug air passage and provided with internal threads, the air outlet end of the electromagnetic valve 25 is provided with external threads, and the plug counter bore 3201 at the back end of the sealing plug 32 is fixedly connected with the air outlet end of the electromagnetic valve 25 through threads. The supporting seat through hole 341 on the loading supporting seat 34 is used for installing the loading supporting seat on the device base 5 (F aluminum profile), a screw is adopted to pass through the supporting seat installation through hole 3403, then passes through a gap of the device base 5 (F aluminum profile), and finally a T-shaped nut is screwed in, so that the loading supporting seat 34 can be fixed on the device base 5 (F aluminum profile).
As shown in fig. 5, the barrel unit 4 includes a barrel 41, a cover plate 42, and a barrel support beam 43 disposed one behind the other. The barrel 41 is a capillary tube to achieve high speed accuracy and high positional accuracy of the tiny pellets. The barrel support beam 43 is an i-beam. The barrel support beam 43 is fixed to the device base 5. The upper surface of the barrel support beam 43 has a V-shaped groove 431. A cover plate 42 is positioned over the barrel support beam 43, and a lower surface of the cover plate 42 has a V-shaped groove. The barrel 41 is clamped between the V-shaped groove 431 of the barrel support beam 43 and the V-shaped groove of the cover plate 42, and the fixing of the barrel 41 is achieved by pressing and fixing the cover plate 42 to the barrel support beam 43. The rear end of the barrel 41 is detachably fixed in the support seat through hole 341 of the loading support seat 34 of the loading unit 3 and communicates with the tapered bullet through hole of the tapered sealing gasket 33. The barrel 41 is detachably connected with the loading unit 3, so that the replacement and use of barrels of various models can be realized.
The concrete mounting structure of the barrel unit 4 is: the rear end of the gun tube 41 is provided with external threads, the supporting seat through hole 341 is provided with internal threads, and the rear end of the gun tube 41 is screwed into the supporting seat through hole 341, so that the gun tube 41 can be installed. The compression of the gun tube 41 is achieved by screws passing through the cover plate through holes 4201 of the cover plate 42 and then screwing into the support beam threaded holes 4301 of the gun tube support beam 43. The support beam through hole 4302 on the gun-barrel support beam 43 is used for installing the gun-barrel support beam on the device base 5 (F aluminum profile), the gun-barrel support beam 43 passes through the support beam through hole 4302 on the gun-barrel support beam 43 by using a screw, then passes through a gap of the device base 5 (F aluminum profile), and finally is screwed into a T-shaped nut, so that the gun-barrel support beam 43 can be fixed on the device base 5 (F aluminum profile).
It is further preferable that the barrel unit 4 further includes a rubber sheet 44, and the rubber sheet 44 is adhered to the V-groove surface of the cover plate 42 to protect the barrel 41.
The front end of the gun tube 41 extends out of the gun tube supporting beam 43 and the cover plate 42, and a plurality of speed measuring through holes 411 are formed in the side face of the gun tube 41 and are used for measuring the speed of the shot by the laser velocimeter.
The front end of the gun barrel support beam 43 has a plurality of support beam mounting threaded holes 432 for mounting a firing sight.
The lower surface of the barrel support beam 43 also has a V-shaped groove 431 so that the device can support 2 types of barrels 41 by simply turning over the barrel support beam 43.
The loading unit 3 further comprises two tie rods 35. The rear end of the pull rod 35 is fixed to the loading support 34, and the front end is fixed to the barrel support beam 43 of the barrel unit 4, so that the load of the barrel 41 during the firing process can be reduced, the stress generated in the barrel 41 during the firing process can be reduced, and the effect of the recoil force on the barrel 41 can be reduced, as shown in fig. 7. The specific installation structure of the pull rod 35 is as follows: the rear end portions of the 2 tie rods 35 having external threads are screwed into the 2 support seat second screw holes 3402 of the loading support seat 34, so that the installation of the 2 tie rods 35 on the loading support seat 34 can be achieved. The front end of the pull rod 35 is provided with a pull rod internal threaded hole 3501, a screw is inserted through the support beam rear through hole 4303 at the rear end of the gun barrel support beam 43, and then screwed into the pull rod internal threaded hole 3501 at the front end of the pull rod 35, so that the gun barrel support beam 43 and the loading support seat 34 can be connected.
As shown in fig. 6, the loading mechanism 6 is used for loading of tiny pellets. The loading mechanism 6 includes a core pin 61 and a needle 62. The needle 62 has a tubular structure with a tip at the front end, and the core bar 61 is movable within the needle 62.
During loading, the locking sleeve 31 is limited to be unscrewed, and the locking sleeve 31 and the sealing plug 32 of the gun body unit 2 and the loading unit 3 are pulled out backwards. The projectile is first placed at the tip of the needle 62, then aligned with the tapered bullet through hole of the tapered sealing gasket 33, and then pushed into the barrel 41 by pushing the core rod 61. And pushing back the locking sleeve 31 and the sealing plug 32 of the gun body unit 2 and the loading unit 3, and screwing the locking sleeve 31 to realize loading.
The computer 8 provides control functions for the whole set of apparatus. The computer 8 includes a first communication line, a second communication line, and a third communication line. The first communication line is used to send control signals to the proportional valve. The second communication line is used to obtain a bore pressure value. The third communication line is used for transmitting a transmission signal.
The logic controlled by the computer 8 is:
step one, setting a target bore pressure p g The computer sends the pressure digital signal to a proportional valve in the high-pressure light gas supply system through a first communication line, and sends the pressure digital signal p to the proportional valve v Specific target bore pressure p g 10% greater, p v ＝1.1p g 。
Step two, bore pressure p p The digital signal of (a) is transmitted to the computer through the second communication line ifThen consider p p Reach p v At this time, the computer sends a closing signal to a proportional valve in the high-pressure light gas supply system, and the proportional valve is closed to stop gas supply.
Step three, bore pressure p p As the slow gas leakage of the system gradually decreases, whenWhen the bullet is in the forward direction, the computer sends an opening signal to the electromagnetic valve of the gun body unit through the third communication line, the electromagnetic valve is immediately opened, and the high-pressure gas pushes the bullet to move forward, so that the bullet is launched.
The test method of the miniature high-precision light air cannon test device comprises the following steps:
s1, evacuating, wherein the gun barrel is filled with light gas. The specific method comprises the following steps: firstly, a valve of a light high-pressure gas cylinder in a high-pressure light gas supply system is opened, then a pressure reducing valve is unscrewed, and the outlet pressure of the pressure reducing valve is set to be 1.5 times of the required maximum pressure. The outlet pressure of the proportional valve is set to be 0.1MPa, the equal pressure indicating number reaches 0.1MPa, the proportional valve is closed, the emission button is pressed down, air in the air pipe is discharged, and the gun barrel is filled with light air.
S2, loading. The specific method comprises the following steps: unscrewing the locking sleeve to place the projectile at the needle tip of the needle head, slowly pushing the core rod, pushing the projectile into the gun barrel, screwing the locking sleeve, and completing loading.
S3, spreading a first test injection: setting the outlet pressure of a proportional valve in a high-pressure light gas supply system as p t1 When the reading of the pressure gauge reaches 1.1p t1 Closing a proportional valve of the high-pressure light gas supply system; waiting for the manometer reading p p0 Slowly decline to The pellets are ejected when the pellets are ejected; the flying speed of the projectile is v measured by a speed measuring system t1 。
S4, recording expected pellet flight speed as v ideal 。
Case one, case v t1 >v ideal Then record the corresponding p t1 Is the upper limit pressure p max The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the At this time, a second test was conducted at a test pressure of 0.5p t1 If the flying speed v under the pressure t2 <v ideal Then record 0.5p t1 Is the lower limit pressure p min Otherwise, the lower pressure is not found, the injection pressure is testedThe force is further multiplied by 0.5 until the lower pressure p is found min 。
Case two, case v t1 <v ideal Then record the corresponding p t1 Is the lower limit pressure p min The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the At this time, a second test is conducted, the test pressure is 2p t1 If the flying speed v under the pressure t2 >v ideal Record 2p t1 Is the upper limit pressure p max Otherwise, the upper limit pressure is not found, the test pressure is further multiplied by 2 until the upper limit pressure p is found max 。
Finally, the upper limit pressure p of the test injection pressure is determined by this step max And a lower limit pressure p min 。
S5, in order to make the speed of the shot be accurate enough, several trial shots are required to determine the final bore pressure p ideal : upper limit pressure p max And a lower limit pressure p min Calculating the next test pressure by adopting a dichotomyThe flying speed of the projectile under the pressure is v ti The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If v ti >v ideal Let p max ＝p ti The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the No make p min ＝p ti The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the This step determines the upper limit pressure p of the new pilot pressure max And a lower limit pressure p min 。
S6, repeating S5 untilMake->
S7, aiming the gun barrel at a target, loading the gun barrel, and using a computer to realize p ideal As target bore pressure p g Automatically pressurizing and launching.
Claims (10)
1. A miniature high accuracy light gas big gun test device, its characterized in that:
comprises a high-pressure light gas supply system, a gun body unit, a loading unit, a gun barrel unit and a device base;
the gun body unit comprises a sealing plug, an air chamber, a four-way body, a pressure gauge, an electromagnetic valve, a gun body base and a gun body bottom plate;
the four-way body is fixed on the gun body base and is provided with an air chamber communication hole, an electromagnetic valve communication hole, a pressure gauge communication hole and an air inlet which are communicated with each other;
the front end of the air chamber is communicated with the air chamber communication hole of the four-way body; the sealing plug is plugged into the rear end of the air chamber, and can move relative to the air chamber so as to adjust the volume of the sealing plug plugged into the air chamber;
the pressure gauge is connected with the pressure gauge communication hole of the four-way body;
the high-pressure light gas supply system is connected with the gas inlet of the four-way body, and gas is input into the four-way body;
the electromagnetic valve is fixed on the gun body base; the air inlet end of the electromagnetic valve is communicated with the electromagnetic valve communication hole of the four-way body;
the gun body base is arranged on the gun body bottom plate and is in sliding connection with the gun body bottom plate and can slide back and forth relative to the gun body bottom plate;
the gun body bottom plate is fixed on the device base;
the loading unit comprises a locking sleeve, a sealing plug, a conical sealing gasket and a loading supporting seat;
the bottom of the loading supporting seat is fixed on the device base and is positioned at the front side of the gun body unit; the loading supporting seat is provided with a supporting seat through hole penetrating through the front and rear of the loading supporting seat;
the conical sealing gasket is provided with conical bullet through holes penetrating through the front and rear parts of the conical sealing gasket; the conical sealing gasket is fixed at the rear side of the loading support seat, and the conical bullet through hole is aligned with the support seat through hole;
the sealing plug is provided with a plug air passage penetrating through the front and rear parts of the sealing plug; the sealing plug is arranged at the rear side of the conical sealing gasket, and the plug air passage is aligned with the conical bullet through hole of the conical sealing gasket; the rear end of the sealing plug is fixed and communicated with the air outlet end of the electromagnetic valve of the gun body unit;
the locking sleeve is sleeved outside the sealing plug, the front end of the locking sleeve is detachably connected with the loading support seat, and the sealing plug is abutted against the conical sealing gasket after the locking sleeve is connected with the loading support seat;
the gun barrel unit comprises a gun barrel, a cover plate and a gun barrel supporting beam which are arranged front and back;
the gun barrel is a capillary tube;
the gun barrel supporting beam is fixed on the device base; the upper surface of the gun barrel supporting beam is provided with a V-shaped groove; the cover plate is positioned above the gun barrel supporting beam, and the lower surface of the cover plate is provided with a V-shaped groove; the gun tube is clamped between the V-shaped groove of the gun tube supporting beam and the V-shaped groove of the cover plate, and the gun tube is fixed by fixing the cover plate on the gun tube supporting beam;
the rear end of the gun barrel is detachably fixed in a supporting seat through hole of a loading supporting seat of the loading unit and is communicated with a conical bullet through hole of the conical sealing gasket;
the loading unit further comprises a plurality of pull rods; the rear end of the pull rod is fixed with the loading supporting seat, and the front end is fixed with a gun barrel supporting beam of the gun barrel unit.
2. The miniature high-precision light air cannon test apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
the device also comprises a loading mechanism;
the loading mechanism comprises a core bar and a needle head;
the needle head is of a cylindrical structure with a needle point at the front end, and the core rod can move in the needle head;
the method comprises the steps of firstly placing the projectile at the needle point of the needle head, aligning the needle point with a conical bullet through hole of the conical sealing gasket, pushing the core rod, and pushing the projectile into the gun barrel.
3. The miniature high-precision light air cannon test apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
in the gun body unit, the air chamber communication hole and the electromagnetic valve communication hole of the four-way body are arranged on a straight line in the front-back direction, the pressure gauge communication hole and the air inlet are mutually perpendicular, and are staggered in the front-back direction.
4. The miniature high-precision light air cannon test apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
in the gun body unit, a gun body base comprises a gun body step base and a gun body flat base, a four-way body and an electromagnetic valve are fixed on the gun body step base, and the gun body step base is fixed on the gun body flat base;
the gun body unit also comprises a plurality of linear sliding blocks and a plurality of guide rails; the linear sliding blocks are fixed on the lower surface of the gun body flat base, the guide rails are fixed on the upper surface of the gun body bottom plate, the linear sliding blocks are in one-to-one correspondence with the guide rails and are matched with the guide rails, the linear sliding blocks are in sliding connection with the corresponding guide rails, and the gun body flat base is in sliding connection with the gun body bottom plate through the linear sliding blocks and the guide rails;
the air chamber communication hole, the electromagnetic valve communication hole, the pressure gauge communication hole and the air inlet of the four-way body are provided with internal threads, and are respectively in threaded connection with the front end of the air chamber, the air inlet end of the electromagnetic valve, the pressure gauge and the high-pressure light air supply system;
the sealing plug is provided with external threads, the rear end of the air chamber is provided with an air chamber threaded hole, the sealing plug is in threaded connection with the air chamber threaded hole, and the volume of the air chamber plugged into the air chamber is adjusted by rotating the sealing plug.
5. The miniature high-precision light air cannon test apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
in the loading unit, a thrust bearing is arranged between the locking sleeve and the sealing plug, and the thrust bearing is sleeved outside the sealing plug;
the locking sleeve is provided with internal threads, the upper part of the loading supporting seat is provided with external threads, the locking sleeve is sleeved on the sealing plug and props against the thrust bearing, and the locking sleeve is in threaded connection with the loading supporting seat, and after the locking sleeve is screwed up, the sealing plug and the conical sealing gasket are abutted tightly.
6. The miniature high-precision light air cannon test apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
the gun barrel unit further comprises a rubber sheet, and the rubber sheet is adhered to the surface of the V-shaped groove of the cover plate;
the front end of the gun barrel extends out of the gun barrel supporting beam and the cover plate, and a plurality of speed measuring through holes are formed in the side face of the gun barrel;
the front end of the gun barrel supporting beam is provided with a plurality of supporting beam mounting threaded holes for mounting a shooting sighting telescope;
the lower surface of the barrel support beam also has a V-shaped groove.
7. The miniature high-precision light air cannon test apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
the high-pressure light gas supply system comprises a high-pressure gas cylinder, a pressure reducing valve, a proportional valve and a high-pressure pipe;
the high-pressure gas cylinder, the pressure reducing valve, the proportional valve and the high-pressure pipe are sequentially connected through pipe threads, the high-pressure pipe is connected with the gas inlet of the four-way body of the gun body unit, and light gas is output from the high-pressure gas cylinder to the four-way body through the pressure reducing valve, the proportional valve and the high-pressure pipe.
8. The miniature high-precision light air cannon test apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
the electromagnetic valve switch system is also included;
the electromagnetic valve switch system comprises a switch button, a direct current power supply and a plurality of wires;
the direct current power supply, the switch button and the electromagnetic valve of the gun body unit are connected through the lead to form a passage control electromagnetic valve.
9. The miniature high-precision light air cannon test apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
also comprises a computer;
the computer comprises a first communication line, a second communication line and a third communication line;
the first communication line is used for sending out control signals to the proportional valve; the second communication line is used for obtaining a gun bore pressure value; the third communication line is used for sending a transmitting signal;
the logic controlled by the computer is as follows: step one, setting a target bore pressure p g The computer transmits the pressure digital signal to the high-pressure light gas supply system through the first communication line, and the transmitted pressureDigital signal p v Specific target bore pressure p g 10% greater; step two, bore pressure p p The digital signal of (a) is transmitted to the computer through the second communication line ifThen consider p p Reach p v At this time, the computer sends a closing signal to the high-pressure light gas supply system to stop gas supply; step three, bore pressure p p Gradually decrease along with the slow air leakage of the system, when +.>When the bullet is in the forward direction, the computer sends an opening signal to the electromagnetic valve of the gun body unit through the third communication line, the electromagnetic valve is immediately opened, and the high-pressure gas pushes the bullet to move forward, so that the bullet is launched.
10. The test method of the miniature high-precision light air cannon test apparatus according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein:
the method comprises the following steps:
s1, evacuating, wherein the gun barrel is filled with light gas;
s2, loading;
s3, spreading a first test injection: setting the outlet pressure of the high-pressure light gas supply system as p t1 To be read by pressure gauge p p0 Up to 1.1p t1 Then, closing the high-pressure light gas supply system; waiting for the manometer reading p p0 Slowly decline toThe pellets are ejected when the pellets are ejected; the flying speed of the projectile is v measured by a speed measuring system t1 ；
S4, recording expected pellet flight speed as v ideal ；
If v t1 >v ideal Then record the corresponding p t1 Is the upper limit pressure p max The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the At this time, a second test was conducted at a test pressure of 0.5p t1 If the flying speed v under the pressure t2 <v ideal Then record 0.5p t1 Is the lower limit pressure p min Otherwise, the lower limit pressure is not found, the test pressure is further multiplied by 0.5 until the lower limit pressure p is found min ；
If v t1 <v ideal Then record the corresponding p t1 Is the lower limit pressure p min The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the At this time, a second test is conducted, the test pressure is 2p t1 If the flying speed v under the pressure t2 >v ideal Record 2p t1 Is the upper limit pressure p max Otherwise, the upper limit pressure is not found, the test pressure is further multiplied by 2 until the upper limit pressure p is found max ；
Finally, the upper limit pressure p of the test injection pressure is determined by this step max And a lower limit pressure p min ；
S5, in order to make the speed of the shot be accurate enough, several trial shots are required to determine the final bore pressure p ideal : upper limit pressure p max And a lower limit pressure p min Calculating the next test pressure by adopting a dichotomyThe flying speed of the projectile under the pressure is v ti The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If v ti >v ideal Let p max ＝p ti The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the No make p min ＝p ti The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the This step determines the upper limit pressure p of the new pilot pressure max And a lower limit pressure p min ；
S6, repeating S5 untilMake->
S7, aiming the gun barrel at a target, loading the gun barrel, and using p ideal Pressurizing and firing are carried out as target bore pressure.
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| CN116793161A (en) * | 2023-08-26 | 2023-09-22 | 中北大学 | Pellet extrusion device and application method thereof |
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