CN116475811A - An ultra-precision roller machine tool driven by dual motors for headstock and tailstock - Google Patents

Abstract

A headstock and tailstock double-motor driven ultra-precise roller machine tool belongs to the field of ultra-precise machining equipment. The main shaft headstock is fixed on the roller machine tool body, the main shaft tailstock is in sliding connection with a Z-axis guide rail of the roller machine tool body, two sets of aerostatic main shaft systems are respectively and fixedly arranged on the main shaft headstock and the main shaft tailstock, the main shaft motor output shaft is coaxially and fixedly connected with a main shaft rotor input end of the aerostatic main shaft system, a main shaft rotor output end is coaxially and fixedly connected with main shaft clamps, the two main shaft clamps are coaxially arranged, a roller die is fixedly arranged on the two main shaft clamps through die roller supporting shaft clamps fixed at two ends of the roller die, a cutter Z-axis slide carriage assembly is positioned between the main shaft headstock and the main shaft tailstock and is in sliding connection with the Z-axis guide rail, an X-axis guide rail is fixedly arranged on the Z-axis slide carriage assembly, a cutter X-axis slide carriage assembly is in sliding connection with the X-axis guide rail, the cutter clamps are fixedly arranged on a cutter base, and the cutter base is fixedly arranged on the X-axis slide carriage assembly. The invention is used for ultra-precise machining of roller dies.

Description

An ultra-precision roller machine tool driven by dual motors for headstock and tailstock

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of ultra-precision processing equipment, and in particular relates to an ultra-precision roller machine tool driven by double motors of a head frame and a tail frame.

Background technique

In recent years, aerospace, precision instruments, optics and laser technology have developed rapidly. The processing requirements of various high-precision surfaces and complex-shaped parts are becoming increasingly urgent, such as attitude control and telemetry devices for artificial satellites; and plastic imaging lenses and various beam processing lenses widely used in the field of consumer goods, such as mobile phones, camera lenses, and optical parts with various free-form surfaces. The rapid growth of demand has made ultra-precision machine tools an indispensable important equipment. The research on ultra-precision machine tools has also become one of the core key technologies in the manufacture of modern high-tech products, and it is more and more widely used in many high-tech fields.

At the same time, with the improvement of the level of science and technology and the expansion of industrial production scale, special requirements have been put forward for ultra-precision machine tool equipment. Spindle control using only one motor can no longer meet the needs of large-quality processing molds, and multi-motor control technology has been more and more widely used. In the processing of large-length and high-quality roller molds by roller machine tools, as the size of the roller increases, the overall inertia also increases greatly, and the driving ability of the servo system also increases accordingly. The rotation of the spindle using a single spindle motor will cause delays in the front and rear end movements, resulting in a large tracking error, which puts forward higher requirements for the production of a single motor. Therefore, the adoption of a new driving method plays a key role in improving the machining accuracy and efficiency of ultra-precision equipment.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide an ultra-precision roller machine tool driven by dual motors for headstock and tailstock, aiming to solve the problems in the prior art raised by the above-mentioned background technology.

Realize above-mentioned object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is as follows:

An ultra-precision roller machine tool driven by dual motors of a headstock and a tailstock, comprising a roller machine bed body, a tool fixture, a tool base, an X-axis guide rail, a tool X-axis slide assembly, a tool Z-axis slide assembly, a spindle headstock, a spindle tailstock, two sets of aerostatic spindle systems, two spindle fixtures, and two spindle motors;

The spindle headstock is fixed on the roller machine tool body, the spindle tailstock is slidingly connected with the Z-axis guide rail of the roller machine tool bed, and the spindle tailstock is fixedly connected with the roller machine tool body through fasteners to lock the position of the spindle tailstock. The shafts are fixedly connected, the two spindle clamps are set coaxially, the roller mold is clamped and fixed on the two spindle clamps by the mold roller support shafts fixed at both ends, the tool Z-axis slide assembly is located between the spindle headstock and the spindle tailstock, and is slidingly connected with the Z-axis guide rail, the X-axis guide rail is fixed on the Z-axis slide assembly, the tool X-axis slide assembly is slidingly connected with the X-axis guide rail, the tool holder is fixed on the tool base, and the tool base is fixed on the X-axis slide assembly.

Further, the roller machine bed body includes a machine base, a Z-axis guide rail, guide rail pads and two side protection strips; the two side protection strips are fixed side by side on the left and right sides of the upper end surface of the machine base, the guide rail pads are fixed on the machine base and are located between the two side protection strips, the Z-axis guide rail is fixed on the guide rail pad, and both sides of the protection strips are provided with long slots penetrating through its left and right side walls. It is threadedly connected with the threaded hole, and the spindle tailstock is fixedly connected with the roller machine bed body.

Furthermore, the two sets of aerostatic spindle systems both include aerostatic bearings and spindle rotors, and the aerostatic bearings include a spindle seat, a bearing base, an outer bushing, a copper bushing and a radial plate;

The main shaft seats of two aerostatic bearings are respectively fixedly connected to the main shaft bracket and the main shaft tailstock. The radial plate is arranged in the main shaft seat, and the two are fixedly connected. The inner side of the radial plate is embedded with an outer bushing, and the outer bushing is coaxially fitted with a copper bushing. Matching is arranged in the center shoulder hole, the outer wall of the adjacent end of the outer sleeve and the annular thrust plate is provided with a sleeve flange, and the outer wall of one end of the bearing base is provided with a base flange.

Further, the two spindle clamps both include a spindle connector and a chuck; the spindle connector is coaxial and fixedly connected to the output end of the spindle rotor, the spindle connector is coaxial and fixedly connected to the chuck, and the chuck is used for clamping the mold roller support shaft.

Further, the gas static pressure bearing also includes several small-hole restrictors; the outer shaft sleeve, the copper shaft sleeve and the bearing base are all provided with radial air passages, and the outer shaft sleeve and the bearing base are provided with axial air passages. The radial air passages arranged in the outer sleeve and the copper sleeve are connected one by one. All radial air passages are connected to their respective outer walls, and small-hole restrictors are installed in the radial air passages and axial air passages.

Further, the tool Z-axis slide assembly includes a Z-axis upper slide and two Z-axis side slides. Z-axis side slides are respectively fixed on the left and right sides of the lower end surface of the Z-axis upper slide. The upper slide plate on the shaft, the two side slide plates on the X axis and the two bottom slide plates on the X axis are slidingly connected with the guide rails of the X axis.

Further, the left and right sides of the lower end of the spindle tailstock are respectively provided with tailstock side plates, and the threaded holes are arranged on the tailstock side plates.

Furthermore, both the X-axis guide rail and the Z-axis guide rail adopt hydrostatic guide rails.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

The invention only needs to add a set of gas static pressure main shaft system to the original ultra-precision roller machine tool, but can improve the processing accuracy and processing efficiency, and the cost is low. Two sets of gas static pressure spindle systems are fixedly mounted on the spindle headstock and spindle tailstock respectively. The two sets of gas static pressure spindle systems adopt the dual-motor driven roller machine tool spindle rotor drive mode, which can ensure the mobility of the roller mold processing process, consider load balance, reduce the moment of inertia of the motor, improve speed regulation accuracy, good dynamic response performance, small tracking error, and high servo bandwidth (the invention adopts servo motors).

The present invention adopts two motors to drive synchronously, avoids the use of a larger single servo motor, and reduces the manufacturing difficulty of a single motor.

In the dual-drive scheme of the main shaft proposed by the present invention, the two motors adopt a synchronous control mode (which is the prior art), and the two motors simultaneously drive the middle roller for processing.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the axonometric view of the overall structure of the roller lathe of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the schematic front view of the overall structure of the roller lathe of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged view of A in FIG. 2 .

Part names and reference signs involved in the above-mentioned drawings are as follows:

Machine base 1, protective bar 2, spindle head frame 3, spindle seat 4, gas static pressure bearing 5, spindle connector 6, chuck 7, mold roller support shaft 8, roller mold 9, tool fixture 10, tool base 11, X-axis guide rail 12, X-axis lower slide plate 13, X-axis upper slide plate 14, X-axis side slide plate 15, Z-axis upper slide plate 16, Z-axis side slide plate 17, Z-axis guide rail 18, spindle tailstock 19, guide rail cushion block 20, Radial air passage 21, strip notch 22, bolt 23, spindle motor 24, spindle rotor 25, bearing base 26, outer bushing 27, copper bushing 28, small hole restrictor 29, tailstock side plate 30, spoke plate 31, annular thrust plate 32, bushing flange 33, base flange 34, axial air passage 35.

Detailed ways

Specific Embodiment 1: As shown in Figures 1-3, this embodiment discloses an ultra-precision roller machine tool driven by dual motors for headstock and tailstock, including a roller machine tool body, a tool holder 10, a tool base 11, an X-axis guide rail 12, a tool X-axis slide assembly, a tool Z-axis slide assembly, a spindle headstock 3, a spindle tailstock 19, two sets of aerostatic spindle systems, two spindle clamps, and two spindle motors 24;

The spindle headstock 3 is fixed on the roller machine bed body, the spindle tailstock 19 is slidingly connected with the Z-axis guide rail 18 of the roller machine tool bed body, the spindle tailstock 19 is fixedly connected with the roller machine tool bed body through fasteners, and is used to lock the position of the spindle tailstock 19, two sets of gas static pressure spindle systems are respectively fixed on the spindle headstock 3 and the spindle tailstock 19, and the two sets of gas static pressure spindle systems are fixed with a spindle motor 24, the output shaft of the spindle motor 24 is connected to the input of the spindle rotor 25 of the gas static pressure spindle system The output end of the main shaft rotor 25 is coaxial and fixedly connected with the main shaft clamp, and the two main shaft clamps are set coaxially. The roller mold 9 is clamped and fixed on the two main shaft clamps by the mold roller support shaft 8 fixed at both ends thereof. , The tool holder 10 is fixedly mounted on the tool base 11, and the tool base 11 is fixedly mounted on the X-axis slide assembly.

Two sets of aerostatic spindle systems are driven by double spindle motors 24. The spindle rotor 25 of the aerostatic spindle system on the spindle headstock 3 is a position positioning axis, and the spindle rotor 25 of the aerostatic spindle system on the spindle tailstock 19 is open-loop control.

The roller machine tool adopts a double-end clamping method. The spindle headstock 3 and the spindle tailstock 19 are each fixed with a gas static pressure spindle system. The roller mold 9 realizes ultra-precision machining with Z-axis double drive through the gas static pressure spindle system at both ends.

Further, the roller machine bed body includes a machine base 1, a Z-axis guide rail 18, a guide rail spacer 20, and two side guard strips 2; the two side guard strips 2 are fixed side by side on the left and right sides of the upper end surface of the machine tool base 1, the guide rail spacers 20 are fixed on the machine tool base 1 and are located between the two side guard bars 2, the Z-axis guide rail 18 is fixed on the guide rail spacer 20, and both sides of the guard strips 2 are provided with a strip notch 22 passing through its left and right side walls. Correspondingly be provided with threaded hole on two sidewalls of 19 left and right sides, match and penetrate bolt 23 in the elongated notch 22, bolt 23 is threadedly connected with threaded hole, and main shaft tailstock 19 is fixedly connected with roller lathe bed body.

Further, the two aerostatic spindle systems both include an aerostatic bearing 5 and a spindle rotor 25, and the aerostatic bearing 5 includes a spindle seat 4, a bearing base 26, an outer bushing 27, a copper bushing 28 and a web 31;

The main shaft bases 4 of the two aerostatic bearings 5 are fixedly connected (by bolts) to the main shaft support 3 and the main shaft tailstock 19 respectively. The radial plate 31 is arranged in the main shaft base 4, and the two are fixedly connected (by bolts). The inner side of the radial plate 31 is embedded with an outer bushing 27. The outer bushing 27 is coaxially fitted with a copper bushing 28. The copper bushing 28 is coaxially fitted on the main shaft rotor 25. The outer bushing 27 and the copper bushing 28 form the radial bearing part of the gas static pressure bearing; 6 is provided with a central shoulder hole, the input end of the main shaft rotor 25 is installed in the bearing base 26, the outer wall of the main shaft rotor 25 is provided with an annular thrust plate 32, and the annular thrust plate 32 is matched with the central shoulder hole, and the outer wall of the outer sleeve 27 adjacent to the annular thrust plate 32 is provided with a sleeve flange 33, and the outer wall of one end of the bearing base 26 is provided with a base flange 34, and the base flange 34 is fixedly connected with the sleeve flange 33. The base flange 34 of the bearing base 26, the main shaft rotor The annular thrust plate 32 of 25 and the sleeve flange 33 of the outer sleeve 27 form the thrust bearing part of the aerostatic bearing; the main shaft motor 24 is fixed on the bearing base 26 .

The main shaft rotor 25 is equipped with an aerostatic bearing 5, which has the characteristics of large carrying capacity and high rotation precision.

Further, the two spindle clamps each include a spindle connector 6 and a chuck 7; the spindle connector 6 is coaxial with the output end of the spindle rotor 25 and is fixedly connected (by bolts), the spindle connector 6 is coaxial with the chuck 7 and is fixedly connected, and the chuck 7 is used for clamping the mold roller support shaft 8.

Further, the gas static pressure bearing 5 also includes several small hole restrictors 29; the outer bushing 27, the copper bushing 28 and the bearing base 26 are all provided with radial air passages 21, the outer bushing 27 and the bearing base 26 are all provided with axial air passages 35, the radial air passages 21 arranged in the outer bushing 27 and the copper bushing 28 are connected one by one, and the radial air passages 21 arranged in the outer bushing 27 communicate with the axial air passages 35 and are arranged in the bearing base 26 The radial air channels 21 communicate with the axial air channels 35, the axial air channels 35 arranged in the bearing base 26 communicate with the radial air channels 21 arranged in the outer sleeve 27, and all the radial air channels 21 are connected to their respective outer walls, and the radial air channels 21 and the axial air channels 35 are equipped with small hole restrictors 29.

Further, the tool Z-axis slide assembly includes a Z-axis upper slide 16 and two Z-axis side slides 17, and the left and right sides of the lower end surface of the Z-axis upper slide 16 are respectively fixed with Z-axis side slides 17; the X-axis guide rail 12 is fixed on the Z-axis upper slide 16 (the tool Z-axis slide assembly needs to be locked after sliding to a specified position, controlled by a Z-axis motor, and the Z-axis motor is not shown); the tool X-axis slide assembly includes an X-axis upper slide 14, two X-axis side slides 15 and two X-axis lower slide plate 13; the front and rear sides of the X-axis upper slide plate 14 lower end face are respectively fixed with X-axis side slide plate 15, and the lower ends of the two X-axis side slide plates 15 are respectively fixed with X-axis lower slide plate 13, the upper slide plate 14 of the X axis, the two X-axis side slide plates 15 and the two X-axis lower slide plates 13 are slidably connected with the X-axis guide rail 12 (the tool X-axis slide plate assembly needs to be locked after sliding to the designated position, controlled by the X-axis motor, and the X-axis motor is not shown).

Further, the left and right sides of the lower end of the spindle tailstock 19 are respectively provided with tailstock side plates 30 , and the threaded holes are arranged on the tailstock side plates 30 .

The main shaft tailstock 19 slides on the Z-axis guide rail 18, and is fixed with the tailstock side plate 30 of the main shaft tailstock 19 with M16 hexagonal bolts through the strip notches 22 on the guard strips 2 on both sides to realize multi-size roller mold processing.

Further, both the X-axis guide rail 12 and the Z-axis guide rail 18 adopt hydrostatic guide rails (low speed without crawling, and adopt cross block layout).

When using the ultra-precision roller machine tool driven by the headstock and tailstock dual motors of the present invention to process the roller mold 9, the roller mold 9 is first clamped, the spindle tailstock 19 is moved on the Z-axis guide rail 18 through the adjustment screw 23, and the bolt 23 is fixed after the distance is adjusted according to the size requirements of the roller mold 9. After fixing, start the spindle motors 24 of the two aerostatic spindle systems, and the two spindle motors 24 simultaneously control the roller mold 9 to rotate around the Z axis, and then move the tool holder 10 connected in series through the tool Z-axis slide assembly and the tool X-axis slide assembly on the Z-axis guide rail 18 to realize the processing of the roller mold 10.

The output torque of the controller of the spindle motor 24 at the spindle headstock 3 is used as the input of the current loop of the spindle motor 24 at the spindle tailstock 19, the driver of the spindle motor 24 at the spindle headstock 3 is set to speed mode, and the spindle motor 24 at the spindle tailstock 19 is set to torque mode. The driver of the spindle motor 24 at the spindle tailstock 19 regularly receives the actual current (torque) of the spindle motor 24 at the spindle headstock 3 to control the actual current (torque) of the spindle motor 24 as the input of the spindle motor 24 driver current loop at the spindle tailstock 19. The advantage of this control mode is that the system structure is simple, the dynamic performance of the system is not high, and it also reduces the impact of the spindle motor 24 on the gas static pressure spindle system when it is started.

The technical solutions in the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides an ultra-precise roller lathe of headstock and tailstock bi-motor drive which characterized in that: the machine tool comprises a roller machine tool body, a tool clamp (10), a tool base (11), an X-axis guide rail (12), a tool X-axis slide carriage assembly, a tool Z-axis slide carriage assembly, a spindle headstock (3), a spindle tailstock (19), two sets of aerostatic spindle systems, two spindle clamps and two spindle motors (24);

the spindle headstock (3) is fixed on a roller machine tool body, the spindle tailstock (19) is in sliding connection with a Z-axis guide rail (18) of the roller machine tool body, the spindle tailstock (19) is fixedly connected with the roller machine tool body through fasteners and used for locking the position of the spindle tailstock (19), two sets of aerostatic spindle systems are respectively fixedly arranged on the spindle headstock (3) and the spindle tailstock (19), spindle motors (24) are respectively fixed on the two sets of aerostatic spindle systems, an output shaft of the spindle motors (24) is coaxial with an input end of a spindle rotor (25) of the aerostatic spindle system and is fixedly connected with the input end of the spindle rotor (25), an output end of the spindle rotor (25) is coaxial with spindle clamps and is fixedly connected with the spindle clamps, the two spindle clamps are coaxially arranged, a roller die (9) is fixedly clamped on the two spindle clamps through die roll supporting shafts (8) fixed at two ends of the roller die, a cutter Z-axis slide carriage assembly is positioned between the spindle headstock (3) and the spindle tailstock (19) and is in sliding connection with the Z-axis guide rail (18), an X-axis guide rail (12) is fixedly arranged on the Z-axis slide carriage assembly, and a cutter slide carriage assembly is fixedly arranged on the X-axis guide rail (11) and a cutter base (11) is fixedly arranged on the cutter base (11).

2. The headstock and tailstock double motor driven ultra-precision roll machine of claim 1, wherein: the roller machine tool body comprises a machine tool base (1), a Z-axis guide rail (18), a guide rail cushion block (20) and two side guard bars (2); the two-side guard bars (2) are fixed on the left side and the right side of the upper end face of the machine tool base (1) in parallel, the guide rail cushion block (20) is fixed on the machine tool base (1) and located between the two-side guard bars (2), the Z-axis guide rail (18) is fixed on the guide rail cushion block (20), the two-side guard bars (2) are respectively provided with a long strip notch (22) penetrating through the left side wall and the right side wall of the machine tool base, the two long strip notches (22) are oppositely arranged, threaded holes are correspondingly formed in the left side wall and the right side wall of the main shaft tailstock (19), bolts (23) are matched and penetrated in the long strip notches (22), and the bolts (23) are in threaded connection with the threaded holes to fixedly connect the main shaft tailstock (19) with a roller machine tool body.

3. The headstock and tailstock double motor driven ultra-precision roll machine of claim 1, wherein: the two sets of aerostatic spindle systems comprise aerostatic bearings (5) and spindle rotors (25), wherein each aerostatic bearing (5) comprises a spindle seat (4), a bearing base (26), an outer spindle sleeve (27), a copper spindle sleeve (28) and a radial plate (31);

the spindle seats (4) of the two aerostatic bearings (5) are respectively and fixedly connected to the spindle bracket (3) and the spindle tailstock (19), the radial plate (31) is arranged in the spindle seat (4) and is fixedly connected with the spindle bracket, the outer shaft sleeve (27) is embedded into the inner side of the radial plate (31), the copper shaft sleeve (28) is coaxially matched and arranged in the outer shaft sleeve (27), the copper shaft sleeve (28) is coaxially matched and arranged on the spindle rotor (25), and the outer shaft sleeve (27) and the copper shaft sleeve (28) form a radial bearing part of the aerostatic bearing; the bearing base (26) is provided with a central shoulder hole, the input end of the main shaft rotor (25) is arranged in the bearing base (26), the outer wall of the main shaft rotor (25) is provided with an annular thrust plate (32), the annular thrust plate (32) is arranged in the central shoulder hole in a matching way, the outer wall of one end of the outer shaft sleeve (27) adjacent to the annular thrust plate (32) is provided with a shaft sleeve flange (33), one end outer wall of the bearing base (26) is provided with a base flange (34), the base flange (34) is fixedly connected with the shaft sleeve flange (33), and the thrust bearing part of the gas hydrostatic bearing is formed by the base flange (34) of the bearing base (26), the annular thrust plate (32) of the main shaft rotor (25) and the shaft sleeve flange (33) of the outer shaft sleeve (27); the spindle motor (24) is fixed to a bearing mount (26).

4. A headstock and tailstock double motor driven ultra precision roll machine as defined in claim 1 or 3, wherein: both spindle clamps comprise a spindle connection (6) and a chuck (7); the spindle connecting piece (6) is coaxial with and fixedly connected with the output end of the spindle rotor (25), the spindle connecting piece (6) is coaxial with and fixedly connected with the chuck (7), and the chuck (7) is used for clamping the die roller supporting shaft (8).

5. A headstock and tailstock double motor driven ultra precision roll machine as defined in claim 3, wherein: the aerostatic bearing (5) also comprises a plurality of small hole throttles (29); the inside radial air flue (21) that all is equipped with of outer axle sleeve (27), copper axle sleeve (28) and bearing base (26), outer axle sleeve (27) and bearing base (26) are inside all to be equipped with axial air flue (35), radial air flue (21) that set up in outer axle sleeve (27) and copper axle sleeve (28) are linked together one by one, radial air flue (21) that set up in outer axle sleeve (27) are linked together with axial air flue (35), radial air flue (21) that set up in bearing base (26) are linked together with axial air flue (35), axial air flue (35) that set up in bearing base (26) are linked together with radial air flue (21) that set up at outer axle sleeve (27), all radial air flue (21) all lead to respective outer wall, all be equipped with aperture restrictor (29) in radial air flue (21) and axial air flue (35).

6. The headstock and tailstock double motor driven ultra-precision roll machine of claim 1, wherein: the cutter Z-axis slide carriage assembly comprises a Z-axis upper slide carriage (16) and two Z-axis side slide carriages (17); the left and right sides of the lower end surface of the Z-axis upper slide carriage (16) are respectively fixed with a Z-axis side slide carriage (17), the X-axis guide rail (12) is fixed on the Z-axis upper slide carriage (16), and the cutter X-axis slide carriage assembly comprises an X-axis upper slide carriage (14), two X-axis side slide carriages (15) and two X-axis lower slide carriages (13); x-axis side slide carriages (15) are respectively fixed on the front side and the rear side of the lower end face of the X-axis upper slide carriage (14), X-axis lower slide carriages (13) are respectively fixed at the lower ends of the two X-axis side slide carriages (15), and the X-axis upper slide carriage (14), the two X-axis side slide carriages (15) and the two X-axis lower slide carriages (13) are in sliding connection with the X-axis guide rail (12).

7. A headstock and tailstock double motor driven ultra precision roll machine as defined in claim 2, wherein: the left side and the right side of the lower end of the main shaft tailstock (19) are respectively provided with a tailstock side plate (30), and the threaded holes are formed in the tailstock side plates (30).

8. A headstock and tailstock double motor driven ultra precision roll machine as defined in claim 1 or 6, wherein: both the X-axis guide rail (12) and the Z-axis guide rail (18) adopt hydrostatic guide rails.