CN116460660A - Machine tool error detection method and detection device thereof - Google Patents
Machine tool error detection method and detection device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116460660A CN116460660A CN202310538768.3A CN202310538768A CN116460660A CN 116460660 A CN116460660 A CN 116460660A CN 202310538768 A CN202310538768 A CN 202310538768A CN 116460660 A CN116460660 A CN 116460660A
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 64
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q15/00—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work
- B23Q15/007—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work while the tool acts upon the workpiece
- B23Q15/12—Adaptive control, i.e. adjusting itself to have a performance which is optimum according to a preassigned criterion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]
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Abstract
The application discloses a machine tool error detection method and a detection device thereof, wherein the detection method comprises the following steps: the control workbench moves to a test position, the control position sensor acquires the position information of a first reference point as first initial position information, and the control first temperature sensor acquires the temperature of a first screw rod as first initial screw rod temperature; controlling a main workbench to execute a preset number of times of test operation so as to acquire a preset number of first position information and a preset number of first screw rod temperatures; the mapping relation between the offset of the main workbench in the first direction and the temperature of the first screw rods is obtained by using the first initial position information, the preset number of first position information, the first initial screw rod temperature and the preset number of first screw rod temperatures, so that the temperature of the first screw rods can be obtained in the normal working process of the main workbench, the offset of the main workbench in the first direction is adjusted according to the related mapping relation, error compensation is performed, machining precision is improved, and the detection method is simple, rapid and high in precision.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of mechanical equipment, and particularly relates to a machine tool error detection method and a detection device thereof.
Background
In the machining field, high-precision parts are required to be machined by high-precision equipment, the stability requirement of a transmission system of high-precision machine tool equipment is extremely high, when the machine tool is machined, relative motion exists between transmission parts, and a ball screw of the numerical control machine tool heats under the action of friction force to cause thermal expansion and contraction of a screw rod of the motion part, so that the positioning of a movable shaft of the numerical control machine tool is displaced and changed, and an error occurs in machined workpieces.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a machine tool error detection method and a detection device, which are used for solving the technical problem of machine tool axial error detection.
In order to solve the technical problems, one technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows: controlling the main workbench to move to a testing position along the first direction, controlling the position sensing piece to acquire the position information of the first reference point as first initial position information, and controlling the first temperature sensing piece to acquire the temperature of the first screw rod as first initial screw rod temperature; controlling the main workbench to execute a preset number of test operations to acquire a preset number of first position information and a preset number of first screw rod temperatures, wherein each test operation comprises: controlling the first screw rod to alternately rotate forward and backward for a first preset time period so that the main workbench moves back and forth along the first direction for the first preset time period, controlling the main workbench to return to the test position, controlling the position sensing piece to acquire the position information of the first reference point as the first position information, and controlling the first temperature sensing piece to acquire the temperature of the first screw rod as the first screw rod temperature; and acquiring a mapping relation between the offset of the main workbench in the first direction and the temperature of the first screw rod by using the first initial position information, the preset number of first position information, the first initial screw rod temperature and the preset number of first screw rod temperatures.
Wherein the first reference point comprises a plurality of first sub-reference points arranged on the main working surface along the first direction; the controlling the main workbench to move along the first direction or return to a testing position, and the controlling the position sensing element to acquire the position information of the first reference point comprises the following steps: and controlling the plurality of first sub-reference points to sequentially move to the test position, and controlling the position sensing piece to sequentially acquire the position information of the plurality of first sub-reference points.
The first screw rod comprises a fixed end, and the obtaining of the mapping relation between the offset of the main workbench in the first direction and the temperature of the first screw rod by using the first initial position information, the first initial screw rod temperature, the preset number of the first position information and the preset number of the first screw rod temperatures comprises the following steps: calculating a preset number of offsets of each first sub-reference point in the first direction by using first initial position information of the plurality of first sub-reference points and a preset number of first position information of the plurality of sub-first sub-reference points, wherein the preset number of offsets of different first sub-reference points in the first direction are positively correlated with the distance between the first sub-reference point and the fixed end; and obtaining the mapping relation between the offset of the main workbench in the first direction, the temperature of the first screw rod and the position of the main workbench in the first direction by using the preset number of offsets of each first sub-reference point in the first direction, the initial screw rod temperature and the preset number of first screw rod temperatures.
The machine tool further comprises a stand column and a spindle box, wherein the stand column is arranged on the machine base, the spindle box is movably arranged on the stand column along a second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the main working surface; controlling the main workbench to move along the first direction or return to a testing position, controlling the position sensing piece to acquire the position information of the first reference point, and comprising the following steps: the dial indicator is controlled to descend to a first position along a second direction, the main workbench is controlled to move to a testing position along the first direction, and the detection end of the dial indicator is attached to the side wall of the sensing block to obtain the position information of the first reference point.
Wherein, before each control of the master stage to perform the test run, the method further comprises: and controlling the dial indicator to rise to a second position along the second direction, wherein the height of the lowest point of the dial indicator is higher than that of the highest point of the sensing block.
And performing temperature error compensation on the movement of the main workbench in the first direction by using a mapping relation between the offset of the main workbench in the first direction and the temperature of the first screw rod.
The machine tool further comprises an environment temperature sensing piece, the environment temperature sensing piece is arranged in the machine tool, and when the first temperature sensing piece is controlled to acquire the temperature of the first screw rod, the detection method further comprises the step of controlling the environment temperature sensing piece to acquire the environment temperature; the obtaining the mapping relationship between the offset of the main workbench in the first direction and the temperature of the first screw by using the first initial position information, the preset number of first position information, the first initial screw temperature and the preset number of first screw temperatures includes: and acquiring a mapping relation between the offset of the main workbench in the first direction and the temperature and the environmental temperature of the first lead screw by using the first initial position information, the preset number of first position information, the first initial lead screw temperature, the preset number of first lead screw temperatures and the environmental temperature.
The machine tool further comprises a second driving piece, the second driving piece drives the main workbench to be movably arranged on the machine base along a third direction, the second driving piece comprises a second screw rod arranged along the third direction, the second screw rod rotates to drive the main workbench to move, a second reference point is arranged on a main working surface, the third direction is perpendicular to the first direction, the detection assembly comprises a second temperature sensing piece and a position sensing piece, the second temperature sensing piece is adjacent to the second screw rod, and the detection method comprises the following steps: controlling the main workbench to move to a test position along the third direction, controlling the position sensing piece to acquire the position information of the second reference point as second initial position information, and controlling the second temperature sensing piece to acquire the temperature of the second screw rod as second initial screw rod temperature; controlling the main workbench to execute a preset number of test operations to acquire a preset number of second position information and a preset number of second screw rod temperatures, wherein each test operation comprises: controlling the second screw rod to repeatedly rotate for a second preset time period so that the main workbench moves back and forth along the third direction for the second preset time period, controlling the main workbench to return to the test position, controlling the position sensing piece to acquire the position information of the second reference point as the second position information, and controlling the second temperature sensing piece to acquire the temperature of the second screw rod as the second screw rod temperature; and acquiring a mapping relation between the offset of the main workbench in the third direction and the temperature of the second screw rods by using the second initial position information, the preset number of second position information, the second initial screw rod temperature and the preset number of second screw rod temperatures.
Wherein the second reference points comprise a plurality of second sub-reference points arranged on the main working surface along the third direction; the controlling the main workbench to move along the third direction or return to the testing position, and the controlling the position sensing element to acquire the position information of the second reference point comprises the following steps: and controlling the plurality of second sub-reference points to sequentially move to the test position, and controlling the position sensing piece to sequentially acquire the position information of the plurality of second sub-reference points.
And performing temperature error compensation on the movement of the main workbench in the third direction by using a mapping relation between the offset of the main workbench in the third direction and the temperature of the second screw rod.
In order to solve the technical problem, another technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows: a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon program data which when executed by a processor implements the detection method described above.
The beneficial effects of this application are: according to the machine tool error detection method, the mapping relation between the offset of the main workbench in the first direction and the temperature of the first screw rod can be obtained, the temperature of the first screw rod can be obtained in the normal working process of the main workbench, and then the offset of the main workbench in the first direction can be adjusted according to the relevant mapping relation so as to perform error compensation, the machining precision is improved, and the detection method is simple, rapid and high in precision.
Drawings
For a clearer description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of an embodiment of the machine tool of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a machine tool error detection method of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of another embodiment of a machine tool error detection method of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a framework of one embodiment of the computer-readable storage medium of the present application.
Detailed Description
The following description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the present disclosure, are within the scope of the present disclosure.
Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearances of such phrases in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those of skill in the art will explicitly and implicitly appreciate that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.
When the machine tool is operated and processed, relative motion exists between transmission parts, friction of a machine tool screw rod, a nut seat, a bearing and the like generates heat to cause expansion and contraction, so that the displacement of a horizontal shaft of the machine tool is changed, and an error occurs in a processed workpiece.
An embodiment of the application provides a machine tool error detection method. Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a machine tool error detection device of the present application. The machine tool 100 includes a machine base 110, a main table 120, and a first driving member. The first driving member drives the main workbench 120 to be movably disposed on the base 110 along a first direction x, and the first driving member includes a first screw 130 disposed along the first direction x, where the first screw 130 rotates to drive the main workbench 120 to move. The main table 120 includes a main working surface 121, and a first reference point 160 is disposed on the main working surface 121. Machine tool 100 is used to provide a detection assembly 170, detection assembly 170 including a first temperature sensing member 172 and a position sensing member 171. The first temperature sensing member 172 is disposed adjacent to the first screw 130, and the first temperature sensing member 172 records a temperature change of the first screw 130. The position sensor 171 records the reference point position change. The mapping relation between the temperature rise of the screw rod and the offset of the main workbench 120 in the first direction x can be obtained through the change of the data measured by the temperature sensing piece 172 and the position sensing piece 171, so that the data is provided for the thermal error compensation system, and the product precision and the qualification rate are improved.
With continued reference to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a flow chart illustrating an embodiment of a machine tool error detection method according to the present application.
The machine tool 100 error detection method in the present application includes:
s11: the main table 120 is controlled to move to the testing position along the first direction x, the position sensor 171 is controlled to acquire the position information of the first reference point 160 as the first initial position information, and the first temperature sensor 172 is controlled to acquire the temperature of the first screw 130 as the first initial screw temperature.
The control device controls the main table 120 to move to the testing position along the first direction x, and when the main table 120 moves to the testing position, the position of the first reference point 160 corresponds to the position sensor 171, and the position information of the first reference point 160 can be measured as the first initial position information by the position sensor 171. The first screw 130 temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 172 at this time is a first initial screw temperature.
Specifically, the first reference point 160 includes a plurality of first sub-reference points 161 disposed on the main working surface 121 along the first direction x. The main work surface 121 further includes a third direction z perpendicular to the first direction x, and the first reference point 160 may be located at a middle position of the main work surface 121 in the third direction z. The plurality of first sub-reference points may be selected according to the length of the main working surface 121 in the first direction x, for example, two first sub-reference points 161 are respectively disposed at two end portions of the main working surface 121 in the first direction x, and one central position between the two first sub-reference points 161 is selected to form 2 first sub-reference points 161. Of course, the number of first sub-reference points 161 may also be 2, 4, 5 or more.
It should be noted that, when the first reference point 160 includes a plurality of first sub-reference points 161, the first screw 130 needs to be controlled to rotate so that the first sub-reference points 161 sequentially move to the testing position, and the position sensor 171 sequentially senses the position information of the plurality of first sub-reference points 161 as the first initial position information of each first sub-reference point 161.
The first temperature sensing member 172 is disposed adjacent to the first screw 130 to accurately obtain the temperature change of the first screw 130. Specifically, the first temperature sensing member 172 is disposed at an end bearing of the first screw 130 to accurately monitor the temperature of the first screw 130. When the main table 120 is controlled to move to the testing position along the first direction x, the first temperature sensing member 172 acquires the temperature of the first screw 130, and the temperature of the first screw 130 is used as the first initial screw temperature.
S12: the main table 120 is controlled to perform a preset number of trial runs to obtain a preset number of first position information and a preset number of first screw temperatures.
Specifically, the control device 190 controls the main table 120 to perform a single test run includes: the first screw 130 is controlled to alternately rotate forward and backward for a first preset time period, so that the main table 120 reciprocates along the first direction x for the first preset time period. The main table 120 is controlled to return to the testing position, and at this time, the position sensor 171 may be controlled to acquire the position information of the first reference point 160 as the first position information, and the first temperature sensor 172 may be controlled to acquire the temperature of the first screw 130 as the first screw temperature. The preset number of first position information and the preset number of first screw rod temperatures can be obtained through the preset number of test operations.
Because the first screw rod 130 rotates forward and backward alternately for a first preset period of time, the main workbench 120 comprises a first sliding seat matched with the first screw rod 130, heat is generated due to friction between the first sliding seat and the first screw rod 130, the first screw rod 130 is subjected to temperature rise deformation, and the moving precision of the main workbench 120 in the first direction x is affected to a certain extent. Through multiple test runs, the normal work of the machine tool is simulated, and the 130 temperature rise change of the first screw rod and the corresponding position deviation change of the main workbench 120 in the first direction x can be obtained.
It should be noted that, the control device controls the main table 120 to move to the test position by controlling the first reference point 160 to move to the corresponding predetermined coordinate according to the preset program in the control device, and along with the temperature rise of the first screw 130, although the control device still controls the first reference point 160 to move to the corresponding predetermined coordinate according to the preset program, the position of the first reference point 160 may have been shifted from the position of the first reference point 160 in S11 at this time, and the actual position of the first reference point 160 moving to the test position during the initial and each test operation may be measured by the position sensor 171, so as to sense the shift condition of the main table 120 in the first direction x.
When the first reference point 160 includes a plurality of first sub-reference points 161, a plurality of first sub-reference points 161 are set up on the main table 120, and each sub-reference point 161 needs to be measured sequentially, that is, the main table 120 is controlled to return to the testing position along the first direction x, and the controlling the position sensor to obtain the position information of the first reference point 160 includes: the main table 120 is controlled to operate along the first direction x so that the plurality of first sub-reference points 161 sequentially move to the test position, and the position sensor 171 is controlled to sequentially acquire the position information of each first sub-reference point 161 and record the position information as the first position information of each first sub-reference point 161.
In some embodiments, the position sensing element is a dial indicator 1711, the machine tool 100 further includes a stand 140 and a spindle box 150, the stand 140 is disposed on the stand 110, the spindle box 150 is movably disposed on the stand 140 along a second direction y, the dial indicator 1711 is fixed on the spindle box 150 along the second direction y, the dial indicator 1711 is driven to move along the second direction y when the spindle box 150 moves along the second direction y, the second direction y is perpendicular to the main workbench 120, the position information of the first reference point 160 is measured by using the dial indicator 1711, the measuring structure is simple, the cost is low, the measured data is accurate, and the dial indicator 1711 is a common instrument, and is convenient to obtain without other photoelectric infrared and other high-cost sensors. To facilitate the measurement of the dial indicator 1711, a sensing block 180 is provided at each first reference point 160.
When the dial indicator 1711 is used as the position sensor, the main workbench 120 is controlled to move along the first direction x or return to the testing position, and the position sensor is controlled to acquire the position information of the first reference point 160, which includes: the headstock 150 is controlled to descend along the second direction y, so that the dial indicator 1711 descends to the first position along the second direction y, and when the dial indicator 1711 moves to the first position, the sensing block 180 may contact with the detecting end of the dial indicator 1711. The main workbench 120 is controlled to move to a testing position along the first direction x, and the detection end of the dial indicator 1711 is attached to the side wall of the sensing block 180 to obtain the position information of the first reference point 160. When the first reference point 160 includes a plurality of first sub-reference points 161, each first sub-reference point 161 needs to be provided with an induction block 180, and the control device 190 controls the first screw 130 to rotate, so that the first sub-reference points 161 sequentially move to the testing position, and the position sensor dial indicator 1711 descends to the first position along the second direction y to sequentially sense the position information of each induction block 180 as the first initial position information of each first sub-reference point 161.
It should be noted that, when the control device 190 controls the main workbench 120 to perform test operation and controls each sensing block 180 to alternately move to the test position to wait for the dial indicator 1711 to measure the position information, the dial indicator 1711 needs to be controlled to rise to the second position along the second direction y, so that the height of the lowest point of the dial indicator 1711 is higher than the height of the highest point of the sensing block 180, and the position of the sensing block 180 in operation touched by the dial indicator 1711 is avoided to influence the measurement result.
S13: and acquiring the mapping relation between the offset of the main workbench 120 in the first direction x and the temperature of the first screw by using the first initial position information, the preset number of first position information, the first initial screw temperature and the preset number of first screw temperatures.
In general, as the cumulative working time of the first screw 130 increases with multiple test runs, the temperature of the first screw gradually increases, and the offset of the main table 120 in the first direction x also changes. The temperature change of the first screw 130 may be obtained through the first initial screw temperature and the preset number of first screw temperatures, and accordingly, the offset change of the main table 120 in the first direction x may be obtained through the first initial position information and the preset number of first position information, and further, the mapping relationship between the offset of the main table 120 in the first direction x and the temperature of the first screw 130 may be obtained through the offset change of the main table 120 in the first direction x and the temperature change of the first screw 130.
In some embodiments, the first screw 130 includes a fixed end, and each first sub-reference 161 is spaced apart from the fixed end by a different distance, and the Wen Shengbiao of the first screw 130 now differs from the different positions of the first screw 130, and generally the more pronounced the temperature rise of the first screw 130 is at a position remote from the fixed end. Calculating the first initial position information of each first sub-reference point 161 and the preset number of first position information of each first sub-reference point 161 may calculate the preset number group offset of each first sub-reference point 161 in the first direction x. Generally, the preset number of offsets of the different first sub-reference points 161 in the first direction x is positively correlated with the distance between the first sub-reference points 161 and the fixed end. And obtaining the mapping relation between the offset of the main workbench 120 in the first direction x and the positions of the first lead screw and the main workbench 120 in the first direction x by using the preset number of offsets of each first sub-reference point 161 in the first direction x, the initial lead screw temperature and the preset number of first lead screw 130 temperatures.
Therefore, the detection method of the present application not only can obtain the change relationship between the offset of the main workbench 120 in the first direction x and the temperature of the first screw rod 130, but also can obtain the change relationship between the offset of the main workbench 120 when moving to different positions along the first direction x, that is, obtain the mapping relationship between the offset of the main workbench 120 in the first direction x and the temperature of the first screw rod 130 and the position of the main workbench 120 in the first direction x, so that the error detection is more accurate.
In some embodiments, machine tool 100 also includes an ambient temperature sensor. The ambient temperature sensor is disposed in the machine tool 100 and is used for measuring the overall temperature of the machine tool 100. The environmental temperature sensing element can be arranged at a position far away from each screw rod in the machine tool 100, so that the influence of the screw rod temperature on the whole temperature of the machine tool 100 measured by the environmental temperature sensing element is avoided. When controlling the first temperature sensor 172 to obtain the temperature of the first screw 130, the detection method according to the embodiment of the present application further includes controlling the ambient temperature sensor to obtain the ambient temperature. The obtaining the mapping relationship between the offset of the main table 120 in the first direction x and the temperature of the first screw 130 using the first initial position information, the preset number of first position information, the first initial screw temperature, and the preset number of first screw temperatures includes: and acquiring the mapping relation between the offset of the main workbench 120 in the first direction x and the temperature and the environmental temperature of the first screw 130 by using the first initial position information, the preset number of first position information, the first initial screw temperature and the preset number of first screw temperatures.
Because the change of the ambient temperature can have a certain influence on the cooperation of all parts of the machine tool 100 including the first screw rod 130, the change of the offset of the main workbench 120 in the first direction x and the change of the offset of the main workbench 120 in the first direction x can be fed back more accurately by measuring the change of the ambient temperature and the temperature of the first screw rod 130 and obtaining the mapping relation between the offset of the main workbench 120 in the first direction x and the temperature of the first screw rod 130, and accurate data can be provided for thermal error compensation of the main workbench 120.
S14: the movement of the main table 120 in the first direction x is temperature error-compensated by using the mapping relationship between the offset of the main table 120 in the first direction x and the temperature of the first screw 130.
Through the steps, the mapping relation between the offset of the main workbench 120 in the first direction x and the temperature of the first screw 130 can be obtained, the detection process is simple and quick, and the accuracy is high. During the normal operation of the main workbench 120, the temperature of the first screw 130 may be obtained, so as to adjust the offset of the main workbench 120 in the first direction x according to the related mapping relationship, so as to perform error compensation, and improve the machining precision.
A mapping relationship between the offset of the main table 120 in the first direction x and the temperature of the first screw 130 and the position of the main table 120 in the first direction x may also be obtained in some embodiments. A mapping between the offset of the main table 120 in the first direction x and the temperature of the first screw 130 and the ambient temperature may also be obtained in some embodiments. Of course, in some embodiments, a mapping relationship between the offset of the main table 120 in the first direction x and the temperature of the first screw 130, the ambient temperature, and the position of the main table 120 in the first direction x may also be obtained. In the normal working process of the main workbench 120, relevant parameters can be obtained, and then the offset of the main workbench 120 in the first direction x is adjusted according to the relevant mapping relation so as to perform error compensation and improve the processing precision.
In addition, as shown in fig. 1, the machine tool 100 further includes a second driving member, where the second driving member drives the main table 120 to be movably disposed on the base 110 along the third direction z. The second driving member includes a second screw disposed along the third direction z, and the second screw rotates to drive the main table 120 to move. A second reference point is provided on the main table 120. The first direction x, the second direction y and the third direction z are perpendicular to each other, the detection assembly 170 comprises a second temperature sensing piece 173 and a position sensing piece 171, the second temperature sensing piece 173 is arranged adjacent to the second screw rod, the second temperature sensing piece 172 records temperature change of the second screw rod, the position sensing piece 171 records reference point position change, and the mapping relation between screw rod temperature rise and the offset of the main workbench 120 in the third direction z is obtained through the change of data measured by the temperature sensing piece 172, so that data is provided for a thermal error compensation system, and the product precision and the qualification rate are improved.
With continued reference to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating another embodiment of the machine tool error detection method of the present application.
The machine tool 100 error detection method in the present application further includes:
s21: the main table 120 is controlled to move to the testing position along the third direction z, the position sensor 171 is controlled to acquire the position information of the second reference point as the second initial position information, and the second temperature sensor 173 is controlled to acquire the temperature of the second screw as the second initial screw temperature.
The control device controls the main table 120 to move to the testing position along the third direction z, and when the main table 120 moves to the testing position, the position of the second reference point corresponds to the position sensing member 171, and the position information of the second reference point can be measured as the second initial position information by the position sensing member 171. The second screw temperature detected by the second temperature sensor 173 at this time is the second initial screw temperature.
Specifically, the second reference points include a plurality of second sub-reference points disposed on the main working surface 121 along the third direction z. The second reference point may be located at a middle position of the main working surface 121 in the first direction x. The multiple reference points may be selected according to the length of the main working surface 121 in the third direction z, for example, two second sub-reference points are respectively set at two end portions of the main working surface 121 in the third direction z, and a center position between the two second sub-reference points is selected to form 2 second sub-reference points. Of course, the number of second sub-reference points may also be 2, 4, 5 or more.
It should be noted that, when the second reference point includes a plurality of second sub-reference points, the second screw needs to be controlled to rotate so that the second sub-reference points sequentially move to the test position, and the position sensor 171 sequentially senses the position information of the plurality of second sub-reference points as the second initial position information of each second sub-reference point.
Wherein the second temperature sensing member 173 and the second screw are adjacently disposed to accurately obtain the temperature change of the second screw. Specifically, the second temperature sensor 173 is disposed at an end bearing of the second screw to accurately monitor the temperature of the second screw. When the main table 120 is controlled to move to the testing position along the third direction z, the second temperature sensor 173 obtains the temperature of the second screw, and the temperature of the second screw is used as the second initial screw temperature.
S22: the main table 120 is controlled to perform a preset number of trial runs to obtain a preset number of second position information and a preset number of second screw temperatures.
Specifically, the control device 190 controls the main table 120 to perform a single test run includes: the second screw is controlled to alternately rotate forward and backward for a first preset time period, so that the main workbench 120 moves back and forth along the third direction z for the first preset time period. The main table 120 is controlled to return to the testing position, and at this time, the position sensor 171 may be controlled to acquire the position information of the second reference point as the second position information, and the second temperature sensor 173 may be controlled to acquire the temperature of the second screw as the second screw temperature. The preset number of second position information and the preset number of second screw rod temperatures can be obtained through the preset number of test operations.
Because the second screw rod rotates forward and backward alternately for a first preset time period, the main workbench 120 comprises a second sliding seat matched with the second screw rod, friction exists between the second sliding seat and the second screw rod to generate heat, the first screw rod is subjected to temperature rise deformation, and the moving precision of the main workbench 120 in the third direction z is affected to a certain extent. Through multiple test runs, the normal operation of the machine tool is simulated, and the temperature rise change of the second screw rod and the corresponding position deviation change of the main workbench 120 in the third direction z can be obtained.
It should be noted that, the control device controls the main workbench 120 to move to the test position by controlling the second reference point to move to the corresponding predetermined coordinate according to the preset program in the control device, and along with the temperature rise of the second screw rod, although the control device still controls the second reference point to move to the corresponding predetermined coordinate according to the preset program, the position of the second reference point may have shifted from the position of the second reference point in S21 at this time, and the actual position of the second reference point moving to the test position during the initial and each test operation may be measured by the position sensor 171, so as to sense the shift condition of the main workbench 120 in the third direction z.
When the second reference point includes a plurality of second sub-reference points, a plurality of second sub-reference points are set up on the main table 120, and each sub-reference point needs to be measured sequentially, that is, the main table 120 is controlled to return to the testing position along the third direction z, and the controlling the position sensing element to obtain the position information of the second reference point includes: the main table 120 is controlled to move along the third direction z so that the plurality of second sub-reference points sequentially move to the test position, and the position sensor 171 is controlled to sequentially acquire the position information of each second sub-reference point and record the position information as the second position information of each second sub-reference point.
In some embodiments, the position sensing element is a dial indicator 1711, the machine tool 100 further includes a stand 140 and a headstock 150, the stand 140 is disposed on the stand 110, the headstock 150 is movably disposed on the stand 140 along a second direction y, the dial indicator 1711 is fixed on the headstock 150 along the second direction y, the dial indicator 1711 is driven to move along the second direction y when the headstock 150 moves along the second direction y, the second direction y is perpendicular to the main workbench 120, the position information of a second reference point is measured by using the dial indicator 1711, the measuring structure is simple, the cost is low, the measured data is accurate, and the dial indicator 1711 is a common instrument, and has convenient acquisition without other photoelectric infrared and other high-cost sensors. To facilitate the measurement of the dial indicator 1711, a sensing block 180 is provided at each reference point.
When the dial indicator 1711 is used as the position sensor, the main workbench 120 is controlled to move along the third direction z or return to the testing position, and the position sensor is controlled to acquire the position information of the second reference point, which includes: the headstock 150 is controlled to descend along the second direction y, so that the dial indicator 1711 descends to the first position along the second direction y, and when the dial indicator 1711 moves to the first position, the sensing block 180 may contact with the detecting end of the dial indicator 1711. The main workbench 120 is controlled to move to a testing position along the third direction z, and the detection end of the dial indicator 1711 is attached to the side wall of the sensing block 180 to obtain the position information of the second reference point. When the second reference point includes a plurality of second sub-reference points, each of the second sub-reference points needs to be provided with an induction block 180, and the control device 190 controls the second screw rod to rotate, so that the second sub-reference points sequentially move to the test position, and the position sensor dial indicator 1711 descends to the first position along the second direction y to sequentially sense the position information of each of the induction blocks 180 as the second initial position information of each of the second sub-reference points.
It should be noted that, when the control device 190 controls the main workbench 120 to perform test operation and controls each sensing block 180 to alternately move to the test position to wait for the dial indicator 1711 to measure the position information, the dial indicator 1711 needs to be controlled to rise to the second position along the second direction y, so that the height of the lowest point of the dial indicator 1711 is higher than the height of the highest point of the sensing block 180, and the position of the sensing block 180 in operation touched by the dial indicator 1711 is avoided to influence the measurement result.
S23: and acquiring the mapping relation between the offset of the main workbench 120 in the third direction z and the temperature of the second screw rods by using the second initial position information, the preset number of second position information, the second initial screw rod temperature and the preset number of second screw rod temperatures.
In general, as the second screw accumulated operating time increases with multiple test runs, the second screw temperature gradually increases, and the offset of the main table 120 in the third direction z also changes. The temperature change of the second screw may be obtained by the second initial screw temperature and the preset number of second screw temperatures, and correspondingly, the offset change of the main table 120 in the third direction z may be obtained by the second initial position information and the preset number of second position information, and further, the mapping relationship between the offset of the main table 120 in the third direction z and the temperature of the second screw may be obtained by the offset change of the main table 120 in the third direction z and the temperature change of the second screw.
In some embodiments, the second screw includes a fixed end, each second sub-reference point is spaced apart from the fixed end by a different distance, and the temperature rise of the second screw is characterized by a different location of the second screw, typically the more pronounced the temperature rise of the second screw is at a location remote from the fixed end. The second initial position information of each second sub-reference point and the preset number of second position information of each second sub-reference point are calculated, and the preset number group offset of each second sub-reference point in the third direction z can be calculated. Typically, the predetermined number of offsets of the different second sub-reference points in the third direction z is positively correlated with the distance of the second sub-reference point from the fixed end. And obtaining the mapping relation between the offset of the main workbench 120 in the third direction z and the positions of the second screw rods and the main workbench 120 in the third direction z by using the preset number of offset of each second sub-reference point in the third direction z, the initial screw rod temperature and the preset number of second screw rod temperatures.
Therefore, the detection method of the present application not only can obtain the change relation between the offset of the main workbench 120 in the third direction z and the temperature of the second screw rod, but also can obtain the change relation of the offset when the main workbench 120 moves to different positions along the third direction z, that is, obtain the mapping relation between the offset of the main workbench 120 in the third direction z and the temperature of the second screw rod and the position of the main workbench 120 in the third direction z, so that the error detection is more accurate.
In some embodiments, machine tool 100 also includes an ambient temperature sensor. The ambient temperature sensor is disposed in the machine tool 100 and is used for measuring the overall temperature of the machine tool 100. The environmental temperature sensing element can be arranged at a position far away from each screw rod in the machine tool 100, so that the influence of the screw rod temperature on the whole temperature of the machine tool 100 measured by the environmental temperature sensing element is avoided. When controlling the second temperature sensor 173 to obtain the temperature of the second screw, the detection method according to the embodiment of the present application further includes controlling the ambient temperature sensor to obtain the ambient temperature. The obtaining the mapping relationship between the offset of the main table 120 in the third direction z and the temperature of the second screw using the second initial position information, the preset number of second position information, the second initial screw temperature, and the preset number of second screw temperatures includes: and acquiring the mapping relation between the offset of the main workbench 120 in the third direction z and the temperature and the environment temperature of the second screw rod by using the second initial position information, the preset number of second position information, the second initial screw rod temperature and the preset number of second screw rod temperatures.
Because the change of the ambient temperature can have a certain influence on the cooperation of all parts of the machine tool 100 including the second screw rod, the change of the offset of the main workbench 120 in the third direction z and the change of the offset of the main workbench 120 in the third direction z can be fed back more accurately by measuring the change of the ambient temperature and the temperature of the second screw rod and obtaining the mapping relation between the offset of the main workbench 120 in the third direction z and the temperature of the ambient temperature, and accurate data can be provided for thermal error compensation of the main workbench 120.
S24: the movement of the main table 120 in the third direction z is temperature error compensated by using the mapping relation between the offset of the main table 120 in the third direction z and the temperature of the second screw.
Through the above steps, a mapping relationship between the offset of the main table 120 in the third direction z and the temperature of the second screw may be obtained. During the normal operation of the main workbench 120, the temperature of the second screw rod can be obtained, and then the offset of the main workbench 120 in the third direction z can be adjusted according to the related mapping relation, so as to perform error compensation and improve the processing precision.
A mapping between the offset of the main table 120 in the third direction z and the temperature of the second screw and the position of the main table 120 in the third direction z may also be obtained in some embodiments. A mapping between the offset of the main table 120 in the third direction z and the temperature of the second screw and the ambient temperature may also be obtained in some embodiments. Of course, in some embodiments, a mapping relationship between the offset of the main table 120 in the third direction z and the temperature of the second lead screw, the ambient temperature, and the position of the main table 120 in the third direction z may also be obtained. In the normal working process of the main workbench 120, relevant parameters can be obtained, and then the offset of the main workbench 120 in the third direction z is adjusted according to the relevant mapping relation so as to perform error compensation and improve the processing precision.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment of a computer readable storage medium according to the present application.
A further embodiment of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium 20 having stored thereon program data 21, which when executed by a processor, implements the machine tool error detection method of any of the embodiments described above.
In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed methods and apparatus may be implemented in other manners. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, e.g., the division of modules or units is merely a logical functional division, and there may be additional divisions of actual implementation, e.g., units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not performed. Alternatively, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed with each other may be an indirect coupling or communication connection via some interfaces, devices or units, which may be in electrical, mechanical, or other forms.
The elements illustrated as separate elements may or may not be physically separate, and elements shown as elements may or may not be physical elements, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over network elements. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiment.
In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit. The integrated units may be implemented in hardware or in software functional units.
The integrated units, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as stand-alone products, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium 20. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application may be embodied essentially or in part or all or part of the technical solution contributing to the prior art or in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium 20, including several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) or a processor (processor) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods of the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium 20 includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (RAM, random Access Memory), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.
In one embodiment, a computer program product is provided, comprising a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method embodiments described above.
In one embodiment, a computer program product or computer program is provided that includes computer instructions stored in a computer readable storage medium. The processor of the computer device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor executes the computer instructions, so that the computer device performs the steps in the above-described method embodiments.
The terms "first," "second," "third," and the like in this application are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating the number of features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first", "a second", and "a third" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. All directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back … …) in the embodiments of the present application are merely used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement, etc. between the components in a particular gesture (as shown in the drawings), and if the particular gesture changes, the directional indication changes accordingly. Furthermore, the terms "comprise" and "have," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. A process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those listed but may alternatively include other steps or elements not listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The terms "first," "second," "third," and the like in this application are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating the number of features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first", "a second", and "a third" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. All directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back … …) in the embodiments of the present application are merely used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement, etc. between the components in a particular gesture (as shown in the drawings), and if the particular gesture changes, the directional indication changes accordingly. Furthermore, the terms "comprise" and "have," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. A process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those listed but may alternatively include other steps or elements not listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The foregoing description is only exemplary embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes using the descriptions and the drawings of the present application, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present application.
Claims (11)
1. The machine tool error detection method is characterized by comprising a machine base, a main workbench and a first driving piece, wherein the first driving piece drives the main workbench to be movably arranged on the machine base along a first direction, the first driving piece comprises a first screw rod arranged along the first direction, the first screw rod rotates to drive the main workbench to move, the main workbench comprises a main working surface, a first reference point is arranged on the main working surface, the machine tool is used for arranging a detection assembly, the detection assembly comprises a first temperature sensing piece and a position sensing piece, and the first temperature sensing piece is arranged adjacent to the first screw rod, and the detection method comprises the following steps:
controlling the main workbench to move to a testing position along the first direction, controlling the position sensing piece to acquire the position information of the first reference point as first initial position information, and controlling the first temperature sensing piece to acquire the temperature of the first screw rod as first initial screw rod temperature;
controlling the main workbench to execute a preset number of test operations to acquire a preset number of first position information and a preset number of first screw rod temperatures, wherein each test operation comprises: controlling the first screw rod to alternately rotate forward and backward for a first preset time period so that the main workbench moves back and forth along the first direction for the first preset time period, controlling the main workbench to return to the test position, controlling the position sensing piece to acquire the position information of the first reference point as the first position information, and controlling the first temperature sensing piece to acquire the temperature of the first screw rod as the first screw rod temperature;
And acquiring a mapping relation between the offset of the main workbench in the first direction and the temperature of the first screw rod by using the first initial position information, the preset number of first position information, the first initial screw rod temperature and the preset number of first screw rod temperatures.
2. The machine tool error detection method of claim 1, wherein the first reference point comprises a plurality of first sub-reference points disposed on the main work surface along the first direction; the controlling the main workbench to move along the first direction or return to a testing position, and the controlling the position sensing element to acquire the position information of the first reference point comprises the following steps: and controlling the plurality of first sub-reference points to sequentially move to the test position, and controlling the position sensing piece to sequentially acquire the position information of the plurality of first sub-reference points.
3. The machine tool error detection method according to claim 2, wherein the first screw includes a fixed end, and the obtaining the mapping relationship between the offset of the main table in the first direction and the temperature of the first screw using the first initial position information, the first initial screw temperature, a preset number of the first position information, and a preset number of the first screw temperatures includes:
Calculating a preset number of offsets of each first sub-reference point in the first direction by using first initial position information of the plurality of first sub-reference points and a preset number of first position information of the plurality of sub-first sub-reference points, wherein the preset number of offsets of different first sub-reference points in the first direction are positively correlated with the distance between the first sub-reference point and the fixed end;
and obtaining the mapping relation between the offset of the main workbench in the first direction, the temperature of the first screw rod and the position of the main workbench in the first direction by using the preset number of offsets of each first sub-reference point in the first direction, the initial screw rod temperature and the preset number of first screw rod temperatures.
4. The machine tool error detection method according to claim 1, wherein the position sensing element is a dial indicator, each first reference point is provided with an induction block, the machine tool further comprises a stand column and a spindle box, the stand column is arranged on the machine base, the spindle box is movably arranged on the stand column along a second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the main working surface; controlling the main workbench to move along the first direction or return to a testing position, controlling the position sensing piece to acquire the position information of the first reference point, and comprising the following steps:
The dial indicator is controlled to descend to a first position along a second direction, the main workbench is controlled to move to a testing position along the first direction, and the detection end of the dial indicator is attached to the side wall of the sensing block to obtain the position information of the first reference point.
5. The machine tool error detection method according to claim 4, wherein before each control of the main table to execute the test run, the method further comprises:
and controlling the dial indicator to rise to a second position along the second direction, wherein the height of the lowest point of the dial indicator is higher than that of the highest point of the sensing block.
6. The machine tool error detection method of claim 1, further comprising:
and carrying out temperature error compensation on the movement of the main workbench in the first direction by utilizing the mapping relation between the offset of the main workbench in the first direction and the temperature of the first screw rod.
7. The machine tool error detection method according to claim 1, wherein the machine tool further comprises an environmental temperature sensor provided in the machine tool, and when the first temperature sensor is controlled to acquire the temperature of the first screw, the detection method further comprises controlling the environmental temperature sensor to acquire the environmental temperature; the obtaining the mapping relationship between the offset of the main workbench in the first direction and the temperature of the first screw by using the first initial position information, the preset number of first position information, the first initial screw temperature and the preset number of first screw temperatures includes:
And acquiring a mapping relation between the offset of the main workbench in the first direction and the temperature and the environmental temperature of the first lead screw by using the first initial position information, the preset number of first position information, the first initial lead screw temperature, the preset number of first lead screw temperatures and the environmental temperature.
8. The machine tool error detection method according to claim 1, wherein the machine tool further includes a second driving member that drives the main table to be movably disposed on the base along a third direction, the second driving member includes a second screw disposed along the third direction, the second screw rotates to drive the main table to move, a second reference point is disposed on the main working surface, the third direction is perpendicular to the first direction, the detection assembly includes a second temperature sensor and a position sensor, and the second temperature sensor is disposed adjacent to the second screw, the detection method includes:
controlling the main workbench to move to a test position along the third direction, controlling the position sensing piece to acquire the position information of the second reference point as second initial position information, and controlling the second temperature sensing piece to acquire the temperature of the second screw rod as second initial screw rod temperature;
Controlling the main workbench to execute a preset number of test operations to acquire a preset number of second position information and a preset number of second screw rod temperatures, wherein each test operation comprises: controlling the second screw rod to repeatedly rotate for a second preset time period so that the main workbench moves back and forth along the third direction for the second preset time period, controlling the main workbench to return to the test position, controlling the position sensing piece to acquire the position information of the second reference point as the second position information, and controlling the second temperature sensing piece to acquire the temperature of the second screw rod as the second screw rod temperature;
and acquiring a mapping relation between the offset of the main workbench in the third direction and the temperature of the second screw rods by using the second initial position information, the preset number of second position information, the second initial screw rod temperature and the preset number of second screw rod temperatures.
9. The machine tool error detection method of claim 8, wherein the second reference points comprise a plurality of second sub-reference points disposed on the main work surface along the third direction; the controlling the main workbench to move along the third direction or return to the testing position, and the controlling the position sensing element to acquire the position information of the second reference point comprises the following steps: and controlling the plurality of second sub-reference points to sequentially move to the test position, and controlling the position sensing piece to sequentially acquire the position information of the plurality of second sub-reference points.
10. The machine tool error detection method of claim 8, further comprising:
and carrying out temperature error compensation on the movement of the main workbench in the third direction by utilizing the mapping relation between the offset of the main workbench in the third direction and the temperature of the second screw rod.
11. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon program data, wherein the program data, when executed by a processor, implements the detection method of any of claims 1 to 10.
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| CN120326437A (en) * | 2025-06-16 | 2025-07-18 | 西安高商智能科技有限责任公司 | A high-precision geometric error detection method and system for five-axis CNC machining |
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| CN120326437A (en) * | 2025-06-16 | 2025-07-18 | 西安高商智能科技有限责任公司 | A high-precision geometric error detection method and system for five-axis CNC machining |
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