CN1164020C - Power factor correction circuit for three-phase power supply system - Google Patents
Power factor correction circuit for three-phase power supply system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种用于由单相桥式整流电路组成的三相供电系统的功率因数校正电路，该功率因数校正电路包括一个三相电抗器，以及与单相桥式整流输入电路的两个输入端并联的三个电容，并由此形成一个中线。通过该中线，使得3n(n为自然数)次谐波电流注入到单相全桥整流输入电路中，三相电源输入电流再经过三相电抗器的滤波作用，从而达到提高三相输入功率因数之目的，并可使三相电源系统的输入电流谐波含量符合IEC1000-3-2的标准，该功率因数校正电路既可以用于三相三线制电网，又可以用于三相四线制电网。
The invention provides a power factor correction circuit for a three-phase power supply system composed of a single-phase bridge rectification circuit, the power factor correction circuit includes a three-phase reactor, and two Three capacitors connected in parallel at the input terminals, and thus form a neutral line. Through the neutral line, the 3n (n is a natural number) harmonic current is injected into the single-phase full-bridge rectification input circuit, and the input current of the three-phase power supply is filtered by the three-phase reactor, so as to improve the three-phase input power factor. Purpose, and can make the input current harmonic content of the three-phase power system conform to the standard of IEC1000-3-2. The power factor correction circuit can be used in both three-phase three-wire power grid and three-phase four-wire power grid.
Description
本发明涉及用于三相供电系统的功率因数校正电路，特别是涉及一种以单相全桥整流器为输入电路组成的三相供电系统的功率因数校正电路。The invention relates to a power factor correction circuit for a three-phase power supply system, in particular to a power factor correction circuit for a three-phase power supply system composed of a single-phase full-bridge rectifier as an input circuit.
现有技术单相全桥整流输入电路组成的三相电源系统如图1和图2所示。其中，图1是常见的单相全桥整流输入电路，在A相与中线N之间输入的交流电源，经由桥式连接的四个二极管整流，通过电感L和电容C滤波平滑后输出直流电流，供给负载RL。由于整流二极管的单向导电性，导致经过整流二极管的电流产生相位滞后和多次谐波分量，并使输入功率因数偏低。A three-phase power supply system composed of a single-phase full-bridge rectification input circuit in the prior art is shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 . Among them, Figure 1 is a common single-phase full-bridge rectification input circuit. The AC power input between phase A and neutral line N is rectified by four bridge-connected diodes, filtered and smoothed by inductor L and capacitor C, and then output DC current , supply load RL. Due to the unidirectional conductivity of the rectifier diode, the current passing through the rectifier diode produces phase lag and multiple harmonic components, and the input power factor is low.
图2是以图1所示的单相全桥整流电源模块(以带框二极管示出)分别连接到A、B、和C三相与中线N之间而构成的三相电源系统。这种由单相全桥整流输入电路电源模块组成的三相电源系统，一般存在着功率因数偏低(≤90％)和谐波含量偏大的问题，谐波含量也难以达到IEC(国际电工委员会)标准。Fig. 2 is a three-phase power system formed by connecting the single-phase full-bridge rectified power module (shown as a framed diode) shown in Fig. 1 between the three phases A, B, and C and the neutral line N respectively. This kind of three-phase power supply system composed of single-phase full-bridge rectification input circuit power supply modules generally has the problems of low power factor (≤90%) and high harmonic content, and the harmonic content is difficult to reach IEC (International Electrotechnical Institute) committee) standards.
为了解决上述功率因数偏低和谐波含量达不到要求的问题，常用的方法有两类。一类是进行有源功率因数校正，即在单相输入整流电路中加入以功率开关管为特征而组成的有源功率因数校正电路，由控制电路驱动开关管动作进行功率因数校正，使功率因数达到99％以上，且谐波含量符合IEC标准，但其缺点是增加了电路的复杂性，导致成本上升，而且系统可靠性和稳定性不易做好。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems of low power factor and unsatisfactory harmonic content, there are two commonly used methods. One is active power factor correction, that is, adding an active power factor correction circuit characterized by a power switch tube to the single-phase input rectifier circuit, and the control circuit drives the switch tube to perform power factor correction, so that the power factor It reaches more than 99%, and the harmonic content meets the IEC standard, but its disadvantage is that it increases the complexity of the circuit, which leads to an increase in cost, and it is not easy to improve the reliability and stability of the system.
另一方案是在单相输入整流电路中加入以电感和电容为特征而组成的无源功率因数校正电路，如图1所示，虽然通过电感L和电容C滤波滤除了相当的谐波分量，但是仍然有相当高的谐波分量存在于经过整流后的电流中。虽然该方案中的功率因数得以提高到87％以上，但谐波含量难以达IEC1000-3-2标准，且整流输出的直流电压波动较大，导致直流负载工作受到影响。此外，这类系统在三相三线制电网上将无法使用，只能用于三相四线制系统。Another solution is to add a passive power factor correction circuit characterized by inductance and capacitance to the single-phase input rectifier circuit, as shown in Figure 1, although the considerable harmonic components are filtered out through the inductance L and capacitance C filtering, But there are still quite high harmonic components in the rectified current. Although the power factor in this solution can be increased to more than 87%, the harmonic content is difficult to meet the IEC1000-3-2 standard, and the rectified output DC voltage fluctuates greatly, which affects the operation of the DC load. In addition, this type of system will not work on a three-phase three-wire grid and can only be used on a three-phase four-wire system.
因此，所需要的是一种可以提高功率因数并可用于三相三线制供电系统的功率因数校正电路。Therefore, what is needed is a power factor correction circuit that can improve the power factor and can be used in a three-phase three-wire power supply system.
本发明的目的在于为以单相桥式整流器作为输入电路的电源模块所组成的三相电源系统提供一种用于功率因数校正的电路，并使谐波含量符合IEC1000-3-2的标准，该功率因数校正电路既可以用于三相三线制电网，又可以用于三相四线制电网。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a circuit for power factor correction for a three-phase power supply system composed of a single-phase bridge rectifier as a power supply module of the input circuit, and make the harmonic content comply with the standard of IEC1000-3-2, The power factor correction circuit can be used not only in a three-phase three-wire grid, but also in a three-phase four-wire grid.
为达到上述目的，本发明提供了一种三相供电系统的功率因数校正电路，包括在所述三相供电系统的每个输入相线上连接的一个以单相桥式整流器为输入电路的单相负载，所述三相供电系统的特征在于：In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a power factor correction circuit for a three-phase power supply system, which includes a single-phase bridge rectifier connected to each input phase line of the three-phase power supply system with a single-phase bridge rectifier as the input circuit Phase load, the three-phase power supply system is characterized in that:
在所述每个输入相线的单相全桥整流电路的两个输入端之间分别并联连接一个电容，从而形成所述电源中线。A capacitor is connected in parallel between the two input terminals of the single-phase full-bridge rectifier circuit for each input phase line, thereby forming the power neutral line.
所述的功率因数校正电路，还包括在三相输入相线上设置一个串联三相电抗器。The power factor correction circuit further includes setting a series three-phase reactor on the three-phase input phase line.
所述的功率因数校正电路，其中所述每个电容的容值是一致的。In the power factor correction circuit, the capacitance of each capacitor is consistent.
所述的功率因数校正电路，其中所述中线电容的容值为30μF。In the power factor correction circuit, the capacitance of the neutral line capacitor is 30 μF.
所述的功率因数校正电路，其中所述三相供电系统为以单相桥式整流电路组成的三相供电系统。The power factor correction circuit described above, wherein the three-phase power supply system is a three-phase power supply system composed of a single-phase bridge rectifier circuit.
所述的功率因数校正电路，其中所述串联电抗器的感抗为5mH。In the power factor correction circuit, the inductive reactance of the series reactor is 5mH.
所述的功率因数校正电路，还包括在所形成中线上串联一个电感。The power factor correction circuit further includes an inductor connected in series with the formed neutral line.
本发明的优点在于：由于本发明的功率因数校正电路以单相全桥整流输入电路和中线电容组成，因此，本发明的功率因数校正电路可以用于多相供电系统。尤其是，根据本发明的功率因数校正电路可以用于三相供电系统。进而，如果在三相供电系统中，采用三相电抗器在相线上进一步减少电流谐波含量，则在加入中线电容以形成中线和注入3n次谐波电流的条件下，既提高了功率因数而又不会影响直流输出电压的大小。若用中线电感，还具有可以调整注入三次谐波电流大小的优点。The advantage of the present invention is that: since the power factor correction circuit of the present invention is composed of a single-phase full-bridge rectification input circuit and a neutral capacitor, the power factor correction circuit of the present invention can be used in a multi-phase power supply system. In particular, the power factor correction circuit according to the present invention can be used in a three-phase power supply system. Furthermore, if in the three-phase power supply system, the three-phase reactor is used to further reduce the current harmonic content on the phase line, then under the conditions of adding a neutral line capacitor to form a neutral line and injecting 3n harmonic current, the power factor is improved And will not affect the size of the DC output voltage. If the neutral line inductance is used, it also has the advantage of being able to adjust the size of the injected third harmonic current.
下面，结合附图，对本发明进行详细说明，将使本发明的目的和优点变得更清楚，其中：Below, in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail, and purpose and advantage of the present invention will be made clearer, wherein:
图1是现有技术的用于三相供电系统的功率因数校正电路的单相桥式整流输入电路；Fig. 1 is a prior art single-phase bridge rectification input circuit for a power factor correction circuit of a three-phase power supply system;
图2是现有的具有由单相桥式整流输入电路作为三相供电系统的示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an existing three-phase power supply system with a single-phase bridge rectification input circuit;
图3是本发明的单相输入整流电路与负载示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a single-phase input rectifying circuit and a load of the present invention.
图4是本发明的用于三相三线制供电系统的功率因数校正电路。Fig. 4 is a power factor correction circuit for a three-phase three-wire power supply system according to the present invention.
下面，将参照附图，说明本发明的各个优选实施例。Hereinafter, various preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
本发明的优选实施例Preferred Embodiments of the Invention
首先，为便于说明本发明的原理，以下是以三相供电系统为例。但是，本发明的功率因数校正电路可以用于两相以上的多相供电系统。First of all, for the convenience of explaining the principle of the present invention, a three-phase power supply system is taken as an example below. However, the power factor correction circuit of the present invention can be used in a multi-phase power supply system with more than two phases.
为说明本发明的原理，请参见图4所示。其中，以二极管框图代表以单相桥式整流器作为输入电路的电源模块。由图可见，三个单相桥式整流输入电路分别串联连接到三个输入相线A、B、和C上。进而，在三个输入相线A、B、和C上分别设置中线电容器Ca、Cb、和Cc。这三个中线电容的另一端连接到单相桥式整流输入电路的另一个输入端以形成输入中线N。To illustrate the principle of the present invention, please refer to FIG. 4 . Among them, the diode block diagram represents the power module with a single-phase bridge rectifier as the input circuit. It can be seen from the figure that the three single-phase bridge rectification input circuits are respectively connected in series to the three input phase lines A, B, and C. Furthermore, neutral line capacitors C a , C b , and C c are provided on the three input phase lines A, B, and C, respectively. The other ends of the three neutral line capacitors are connected to the other input end of the single-phase bridge rectification input circuit to form the input neutral line N.
另一方面，按照本发明的功率因数校正电路，在三相输入相线上设置一个串联的电抗器，此时的串联电抗器与现有技术的串联电抗器的意义不同，它与三个与中线相联的电容共同作用，只有3n次谐波被注入整流器而其他谐波受到抑制。从而不会使整流器输出直流电压下降。此时的串联电抗器T既具有抑制相线谐波电流、改善电流波形的作用，同时又保持整流输出的直流电压不会降低偏大。因此，其既提高了功率因数，抑制了谐波电流，同时又不会影响直流负载上的电压。根据本发明的另一个优选实施例，还可以在中线N上设置串联电感Ln。这时，3×n次谐波就通过中线N和中线电感Ln注入到单相整流输入电路中。该串联电感Ln还具有调整中线电流，即3×n次谐波电流大小的优点。On the other hand, according to the power factor correction circuit of the present invention, a series reactor is set on the three-phase input phase line. The meaning of the series reactor at this time is different from that of the prior art. It is the same as the three and The capacitors connected to the neutral line work together, and only the 3nth harmonic is injected into the rectifier while other harmonics are suppressed. Therefore, the output DC voltage of the rectifier will not drop. At this time, the series reactor T not only has the function of suppressing the harmonic current of the phase line and improving the current waveform, but also keeps the DC voltage of the rectified output from dropping too much. Therefore, it not only improves the power factor, suppresses the harmonic current, but also does not affect the voltage on the DC load. According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a series inductance Ln can also be arranged on the neutral line N. At this time, the 3×n harmonics are injected into the single-phase rectification input circuit through the neutral line N and the neutral line inductance L n . The series inductance L n also has the advantage of adjusting the neutral current, that is, the magnitude of the 3×n harmonic current.
由此可见，本发明的功率因数校正电路是在现有技术的单相桥式整流输入电路上并联中线电容以形成中线和注入3n次谐波电流的基础上，又用电抗器在输入相线上进一步减少电流谐波含量，并且可以提高功率因数而又不影响直流输出电压的大小。另外，若再在中线上串联电感，还具有可以调整注入三次谐波电流大小的优点。It can be seen that the power factor correction circuit of the present invention is based on the prior art single-phase bridge rectification input circuit with a neutral line capacitor connected in parallel to form a neutral line and inject 3n harmonic current, and a reactor is used in the input phase The current harmonic content is further reduced online, and the power factor can be improved without affecting the size of the DC output voltage. In addition, if the inductance is connected in series on the neutral line, it also has the advantage of being able to adjust the size of the injected third harmonic current.
根据本发明的优选实施例，每个中线电容Ca、Cb、和Cc的电容值相等，为30μF。而串联电抗器Ln的电感值为5mH。在以额定负载作为设计容量，且在输入电流的50％以上负载时，可使功率因数达90％以上，并可使三相供电系统的谐波含量符合IEC1000-3-2的标准。此外，根据本发明的功率因数校正电路既可用于三相三线制电网，又可用于三相四线制电网。According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each of the neutral line capacitors C a , C b , and C c has an equal capacitance of 30 μF. And the inductance value of the series reactor L n is 5mH. When the rated load is used as the design capacity and the load is more than 50% of the input current, the power factor can reach more than 90%, and the harmonic content of the three-phase power supply system can meet the standard of IEC1000-3-2. In addition, the power factor correction circuit according to the present invention can be used in both a three-phase three-wire grid and a three-phase four-wire grid.
虽然以上已经详细地介绍了根据本发明的优选实施方案，但是应当理解，在不脱离权利要求书所规定的本发明的精神和范围的情况下，可以有各种各样的变化，替代方案，和备选方案。Although the preferred embodiments according to the present invention have been described in detail above, it should be understood that various changes, alternatives, and alternatives.
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| CN100517927C (en) * | 2001-11-20 | 2009-07-22 | 王玉富 | Three-phase Power Supply Parallel Feedforward Compensation Power Factor Correction Circuit |
| CN102263414A (en) * | 2010-05-25 | 2011-11-30 | 新能动力（北京）电气科技有限公司 | Electrical energy changer and system |
| CN103532135A (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2014-01-22 | 国家电网公司 | Method and system for restraining resonance of civil power distribution system by power conditioning |
| CN108323185B (en) * | 2017-03-25 | 2020-09-15 | 深圳欣锐科技股份有限公司 | An input voltage signal sampling circuit in a three-phase three-wire PFC circuit |
| CN115913048A (en) * | 2022-11-17 | 2023-04-04 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Three-phase power supply circuit and three-phase power supply device |
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