CN116407229A - Labor-saving drag-reduction bionic scalpel - Google Patents

Abstract

A labor-saving drag-reducing bionic scalpel relates to the fields of medical equipment and bionics. The invention aims to solve the problems of low blade cutting efficiency and easy cutting tissue adhesion in the existing scalpels. The present invention includes a blade and a handle, one end of the blade is connected to the handle; the edge of the blade includes a curved edge and a straight edge transitioning from front to back; the curved edge and the straight edge are both sawtooth Shaped structure, both sides of the sawtooth are cutting edges, the sawtooth on the straight edge is provided with two levels of sawtooth, respectively the main sawtooth and the secondary sawtooth, the said main sawtooth is a large sawtooth arranged in sequence, and the said secondary sawtooth is The small serrations arranged in sequence on the main serration, the contour line of the left edge of the main serration is a concave contour curve imitating shark teeth; the contour line of the right edge of the main serration is a convex contour curve imitating shark teeth. The present invention is mainly used in medical surgery.

Description

A labor-saving drag-reducing bionic scalpel

technical field

The invention relates to the fields of medical equipment and bionics, in particular to a labor-saving and drag-reducing bionic scalpel.

Background technique

The scalpel is a knife used by hospital surgeons for surgical operations; wherein the scalpel includes a blade and a handle. At present, the blade of the scalpel blade is a smooth edge or a single serrated edge, and the tissue cutting efficiency is low; the knife surface of the blade It is generally smooth, but when tissue is cut, it is easy to produce problems such as cutting tissue adhesion; for example, a scalpel for hepatobiliary surgery disclosed in Chinese patent "CN209529279U" has the above-mentioned problems.

With the emergence of bionics, scholars have found that the teeth or claws of creatures in nature have excellent biological forms, they have sharp external structures, and can cut hard objects, and the skin of some marine organisms has good skin reduction The external shape of the biological teeth provides a reference structure for the design of the scalpel blade, and the drag reduction structure of the biological skin provides a reference structure for the drag reduction of the scalpel body.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: the existing scalpel has the problems of low cutting efficiency of the blade and easy adhesion of cutting tissues on the blade surface; furthermore, a labor-saving and drag-reducing bionic scalpel is provided.

The technical scheme that the present invention adopts for solving the problems of the technologies described above is:

A labor-saving and drag-reducing bionic scalpel, which includes a blade and a handle, one end of the blade is connected to the handle; the edge of the blade includes a curved edge and a straight edge transitioning from front to back; the Both the curved edge and the straight edge have a sawtooth structure, and both sides of the sawtooth are cutting edges. The sawtooth on the straight edge is provided with two levels of sawtooth, which are respectively the main sawtooth and the secondary sawtooth. The main sawtooth is a large sawtooth arranged in sequence , the secondary serrations are small serrations arranged in sequence on the main serration, the contour line of the left edge of the main serration is a concave contour curve imitating shark teeth; the contour line of the right edge of the main serration is a convex contour curve imitating shark teeth.

Further, the fitting curve equation of the concave contour curve on the left side of each main sawtooth is: y= ^{-8.2072x2-1.4131x} +3052.4; wherein, x is the X-axis coordinate value of the shark tooth contour fitting curve in the projection plane, y is the Y-axis coordinate value of the contour fitting curve of shark teeth in the projection plane; the convex contour curve on the right side of each main sawtooth is obtained by rotating the concave contour curve on the left with the main sawtooth vertex as the origin and rotating clockwise.

Further, the serrations on the curved blade gradually become larger from front to rear, and the grooves between two adjacent serrations on the curved blade also gradually become larger from front to rear.

Further, the blade surfaces on both sides of the blade are symmetrical groove-like structures.

Further, the blade and handle are made in one piece.

Further, the handle is a non-slip handle.

The beneficial effect that the present invention produces compared with prior art is:

1. The curved edge part of the front end of the tool of this application adopts the structure that the sawtooth of the cutting edge gradually becomes larger, and the groove between the sawtooth gradually becomes larger. The cutting force is smaller, and as the cutting depth deepens, the groove between the serrations can reduce the friction between the tool and the tissue. The required structure adopts a structure in which the distance between the serrations gradually increases to ensure that the tool reduces the cutting force. while reducing friction.

2. The straight edge part of the tool of this application adopts a structure in which the main serration is covered with secondary serrations, and is used for cutting hard and difficult tissues. The size of the sawtooth structure will have an effect on how much material is removed by the cut, small teeth remove less material each time, but it is easier to remove the material to be cut. The structure in which the secondary sawtooth is set on the main sawtooth can effectively reduce the cutting force when the surgical knife cuts. The notches between the secondary teeth of the tool act as localized stress concentration points and reduce the wear rate of the primary teeth to maximize the functionality of the cutting edge of the tool's serrations. Typically, the secondary serrations created are effective in reducing cutting forces and actual depth of cut. The cutting principle of the secondary serration can be described as: During the cutting process, the tissue that touches the tip of the microserration is first destroyed. The cracks are then forced to expand under the tension of the microserrations, creating the final cutting effect. With a standard commercial scalpel, the stress distribution across the cutting edge is relatively uniform, and the tissue must be subjected to greater stress to reach a critical damage threshold. When using a multi-stage serrated scalpel, due to the stress concentration at the micro-serrated tip, more injury origins are created during the cutting process, resulting in less extrusion and resistance between the scalpel and the tissue.

3. The surface of the cutting tool of this application adopts a shark-skin-like grooved drag-reducing structure, which can improve the adhesion resistance of the cutting tool. During the cutting process of the knife, the flow and adhesion state between the blood and the knife is a laminar flow state. This structure can reduce the friction coefficient when cutting tissue, and the existence of surface texture makes the bottom of the groove generate small eddy currents, which limit the interaction of small eddy currents. The generation of large eddy currents reduces the drag coefficient and achieves the effect of drag reduction.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are included as a part of this application.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial enlarged view of A in FIG. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged view of the place B in Fig. 1 .

Figure 4 is a bottom view of the blade.

Figure 5 is a top view of the blade.

FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged view at point C in FIG. 5 .

Fig. 7 is a contour line diagram of arrangement of small sawtooth on large sawtooth.

Fig. 8 is a physical map of shark teeth, where a is the contour fitting curve of the main sawtooth vertex in shark teeth; b is an enlarged view of shark teeth.

Figure 9 is a diagram of the cutting force of the secondary sawtooth profile.

Explanation of reference signs: 1-blade; 1-1-curved edge; 1-2-straight edge; 1-2-1-primary sawtooth; 1-2-2-secondary sawtooth; 2-knife handle.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention , but not to limit the scope of the present invention.

Referring to Figures 1 to 9, the embodiment of the present application provides a labor-saving and drag-reducing bionic scalpel, which includes a blade 1 and a handle 2 integrally arranged, one end of the blade 1 is connected to the handle 2; the blade 1 The cutting edge includes a curved cutting edge 1-1 and a straight cutting edge 1-2 that transition from front to back in sequence.

Referring to Fig. 2, the curved edge 1-1 is a sawtooth structure, the serrated teeth on the curved edge 1-1 gradually become larger from front to back, and the groove between two adjacent serrated teeth of the curved edge 1-1 is formed by It also gradually increases from front to back. During the cutting process of the scalpel, the denser the serrations, the more points of stress concentration in cutting, the smaller the cutting force required, and as the cutting depth deepens, the grooves between the serrations can reduce the friction between the tool and the tissue, The required structure adopts a structure in which the distance between the saw teeth gradually increases, which reduces friction while ensuring that the cutting force of the tool is reduced.

Referring to Fig. 3, the straight edge 1-2 has a sawtooth structure, and the sawtooth on the straight edge 1-2 is provided with two stages of sawtooth, respectively primary sawtooth 1-2-1 and secondary sawtooth 1-2-2, The main sawtooth 1-2-1 is a large sawtooth arranged in sequence, and the secondary sawtooth 1-2-2 is a small sawtooth arranged in sequence on the main sawtooth 1-2-1. The straight edge 1-2 part of the tool adopts the structure in which the main serration 1-2-1 is covered with the secondary serration 1-2-2, and is used for cutting hard and difficult tissues. The size of the sawtooth structure will have an effect on how much material is removed by the cut, with smaller teeth removing less material per pass but more easily removing the material being cut. The structure in which the secondary sawtooth is set on the main sawtooth can effectively reduce the cutting force when the surgical knife cuts. The notch between the secondary serrations 1-2-2 of the tool will act as a local stress concentration point and reduce the wear rate of the primary serration 1-2-1 to maximize the function of the serrated cutting edge of the tool. Typically, the created secondary teeth 1-2-2 can effectively reduce cutting force and actual depth of cut. The cutting principle of the secondary serration 1-2-2 can be described as: During the cutting process, the tissue that touches the tip of the microserration is first destroyed. The cracks are then forced to expand under the tension of the microserrations, creating the final cutting effect. With a standard commercial scalpel, the stress distribution across the cutting edge is relatively uniform, and tissue must be subjected to greater stress to reach a critical damage threshold. When using a multi-stage serrated scalpel, due to the stress concentration at the micro-serrated tip, more injury origins are created during the cutting process, resulting in less extrusion and resistance between the scalpel and the tissue.

In this embodiment, viewed from the side, the single sawtooth of the bionic surgical blade is roughly triangular in shape, and the left and right sides of the triangular sawtooth are the cutting edges of the sawtooth.

Referring to Figure 9, the contour line of the left edge of the main sawtooth 1-2-1 is a concave contour curve imitating shark teeth, and the direction of the cutting force is shown as Fa in Figure 9, and the main force is from the lower left direction; the main sawtooth 1-2-1 The contour line of the right edge is a convex contour curve imitating shark teeth, and its cutting force direction is shown as Fb in Fig. 9, and it is mainly subjected to the force in the upper right direction. The secondary sawtooth profile curve imitating shark teeth can make the cutting edge of the bionic scalpel better fit the cut tissue during the cutting process. Compared with the straight line secondary sawtooth profile structure, more secondary sawtooth can be involved Cutting, the cutting force of cutting is significantly reduced.

In this embodiment, the contour curve of the arrangement of the secondary sawtooth 1-2-2 on the main sawtooth 1-2-1 is obtained by extracting the coordinates of the vertices of each main sawtooth in the shark teeth, and then fitting the coordinates to a curve equation Wherein, the fitting curve equation of the concave contour curve on the left side of each main sawtooth 1-2-1 is: y=-8.2072x2-1.4131x+3052.4; Wherein, x is the contour fitting curve of shark teeth in the projection plane X-axis coordinate value, y is the Y-axis coordinate value of the shark tooth contour fitting curve in the projection plane. The convex contour curve on the right side of each main sawtooth 1-2-1 is obtained by rotating the left concave contour curve clockwise with the vertex of the main sawtooth 1-2-1 as the origin.

In this embodiment, the top contour data of the shark tooth sawtooth is extracted from the shark tooth image by image processing technology, and the contour point data is fitted to obtain the fitting curve equation of the top contour of the shark tooth sawtooth. According to the sawtooth profile fitting curve, the scalpel sawtooth is designed, so that the designed scalpel sawtooth tip structure profile curve has the characteristics of shark tooth sawtooth tip profile structure curve. Fitting curve equation of the top profile of the shark teeth sawtooth: y=-8.2072x ² -1.4131x+3052.4;

Wherein, x is the X-axis coordinate value of the shark tooth contour fitting curve in the projection plane, and y is the Y-axis coordinate value of the shark tooth contour fitting curve in the projection plane.

Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, the blade surfaces on both sides of the blade 1 are symmetrical groove-like structures, which adopt a shark-skin-like grooved drag-reducing structure, which can improve the resistance of the cutter. Adhesiveness. During the cutting process of the knife, the flow and adhesion state between the blood and the knife is a laminar flow state. This structure can reduce the friction coefficient when cutting tissue, and the existence of surface texture makes the bottom of the groove generate small eddy currents, which limit the interaction of small eddy currents. The generation of large eddy currents reduces the drag coefficient and achieves the effect of drag reduction.

Referring to Fig. 1, the handle 2 is a non-slip handle.

From the perspective of bionics, the present invention finds that shark teeth have good cutting performance, and finds that the saw teeth of shark teeth are arranged in a gradient from small to large, the main saw teeth are covered with a structure of secondary saw teeth, and the corrugated shape of shark skin Has good drag reduction performance. By imitating the structure of shark teeth and shark skin, a labor-saving and drag-reducing bionic scalpel structure is designed.

Although the invention is described herein with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and applications of the invention. It is therefore to be understood that numerous modifications may be made to the exemplary embodiments and that other arrangements may be devised without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. It shall be understood that different dependent claims and features described herein may be combined in a different way than that described in the original claims. It will also be appreciated that features described in connection with individual embodiments can be used in other described embodiments.

Claims (6)

1. The labor-saving drag-reduction bionic scalpel comprises a blade (1) and a scalpel handle (2), wherein one end of the blade (1) is connected to the scalpel handle (2); the edge part of the blade (1) comprises a curved edge (1-1) and a straight edge (1-2) which are sequentially transited from front to back; the method is characterized in that: the curve blade (1-1) and the straight blade (1-2) are of a saw-tooth structure, the cutting blades are arranged on two sides of each saw tooth, two stages of saw teeth are arranged on each saw tooth on the straight blade (1-2), the two stages of saw teeth are respectively a main saw tooth (1-2-1) and a secondary saw tooth (1-2-2), the main saw tooth (1-2-1) is a large saw tooth which is sequentially arranged, the secondary saw tooth (1-2-2) is a small saw tooth which is sequentially arranged on the main saw tooth (1-2-1), and the contour line of the left edge of the main saw tooth (1-2-1) is a concave contour curve imitating shark teeth; the contour line of the right edge of the main sawtooth (1-2-1) is a convex contour curve imitating the shark teeth.

2. The labor-saving drag-reducing bionic scalpel according to claim 1, wherein: the fitted curve equation for the left Bian Aozhuang contour curve for each primary serration (1-2-1) is: y= -8.2072x ² -1.4131x+3052.4; wherein X is the X-axis coordinate value of the shark tooth inner contour fitting curve in the projection plane, and Y is the Y-axis coordinate value of the shark tooth inner contour fitting curve in the projection plane; the right convex contour curve of each main saw tooth (1-2-1) is obtained by clockwise rotation of the left concave contour curve by taking the vertex of the main saw tooth (1-2-1) as the origin.

3. The labor-saving drag-reducing bionic scalpel according to claim 1, wherein: the saw teeth on the curve blade (1-1) are gradually enlarged from front to back, and the grooves between two adjacent saw teeth of the curve blade (1-1) are also gradually enlarged from front to back.

4. The labor-saving drag-reducing bionic scalpel according to claim 1, wherein: the two side knife faces of the knife blade (1) are of symmetrical groove-shaped structures.

5. The labor-saving drag-reducing bionic scalpel according to claim 1, wherein: the blade (1) and the knife handle (2) are integrally manufactured.

6. The labor-saving drag-reducing bionic scalpel according to claim 1, wherein: the knife handle (2) is an anti-slip handle.

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