CN116383092B - Effective test case multiplexing method and device for software fuzzy test - Google Patents
Effective test case multiplexing method and device for software fuzzy test Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an effective test case multiplexing method and device for software fuzzy test, comprising the following steps: constructing an effective test case library of the tested software according to the basic information of the tested software; performing functional similarity calculation on the software to be tested and the tested software, and selecting the tested software capable of multiplexing test cases according to the functional similarity of the software; and generating a test case of the software to be tested according to the test case set of the tested software, and carrying out fuzzy test on the software to be tested by using a fuzzy test tool. By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the effective test cases of the software fuzzy test can be generated, and the software test efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of software testing, in particular to a method and a device for multiplexing effective test cases of software fuzzy testing.
Background
With the development of information technologies such as digitization, networking and intelligence, software applications are very popular, and software with similar or identical functions is numerous. However, security issues with software are critical to the security of the network information system. An attacker typically attacks the network information system using a vulnerability or defect in the software itself, thereby stealing critical information, breaking service, causing loss of property, or even life threatening. Therefore, it is important to find out the loopholes or defects of the software, repair and update the software in time and ensure the safety and normal operation of the software.
The fuzzy test is one of the important methods for software security analysis at present, and the basic technical principle is that unexpected input is constructed for a program, then the unexpected input is transmitted to a target program for execution, and the abnormal condition of the target program after receiving the input is monitored, so that the defect or the leak of the software is discovered. The key to fuzzy testing is the ability to generate inputs that trigger abnormal behavior in the program. The fuzzy tests are classified into two types according to the construction mode of the input for the fuzzy test, one type is a mutation-based fuzzy test, and the other type is a generated fuzzy test. The fuzzy test based on mutation has no requirement on initial input, new test cases are generated by constantly mutating existing input, and as mutation has randomness, only a small part of input can trigger program abnormality, but each test case needs to be input into software to be tested for execution, and each test case execution needs more or less computing resource expenditure, and the more complex software program consumes longer time, so that the efficiency of the fuzzy test is seriously affected; based on the input format of the program to be tested or the target program and the related test requirement information required by the generated fuzzy test, the test tool automatically generates corresponding input cases according to the information to trigger the execution program, but acquiring the information and automatically generating the test cases is a difficult task. At present, the technology for generating the fuzzy test cases mainly comprises a random-based method, a mutation-based method, a machine learning optimization-based method, a symbol execution optimization-based method and a code coverage rate-based method, however, the existing technology for selecting the fuzzy test seeds and the test cases lacks of multiplexing the test cases, the fuzzy test efficiency is lower, and the actual requirement of the large-scale fuzzy test of software is difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an effective case multiplexing method and device for software fuzzy test, which can generate an effective test case for the software fuzzy test and improve the software test efficiency.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a method for multiplexing effective test cases of software fuzzy test comprises the following steps:
1) Constructing an effective test case library of tested software;
2) Calculating to obtain the software function similarity of the software to be tested and the tested software, and selecting the tested software of the reusable test case according to the software function similarity;
3) And generating a test case for fuzzy test of the software to be tested according to the test case set of the tested software.
Step 1), constructing an effective test case library of tested software;
related information of the tested software is obtained firstly, wherein the related information comprises the name of the tested software, the type of an input file, a fuzzy test tool, a valid test case, a source code or a binary code.
The input file type may be PDF, TXT, HTML, XML, etc.;
the effective test case refers to a test case in which a program crash or abnormality can be triggered in a fuzzy test process;
the ambiguity test tool includes: AFL, AFLplusplus, vuzzer, MOPT-AFL, collAFL, tortoiseFuzzHonggfuzz, OSS-Fuzz, radamsa, libfuzzer, a Peach Fuzzer.
The effective test case library structure of the tested software is in the form of five-tuple of < software name, input file type, software code, fuzzy test tool and effective test case > and the obtained specific information content is stored in the effective test case library of the tested software.
Step 2), calculating to obtain the software function similarity between the software to be tested and the tested software, and selecting the tested software capable of multiplexing the test cases according to the software function similarity;
21 Firstly, selecting tested software with the same input file format as the software to be tested according to an effective test case library of the tested software;
22 And then generating a function call graph of the software codes and the codes to be tested in the effective test case library of the tested software according to the selected tested software, converting the function call graph into 256-dimensional vectors by using a graph2vec method, and finally performing cosine similarity calculation to obtain a software function similarity value.
The software function similarity calculation comprises software function similarity calculation based on source codes and software function similarity calculation based on binary codes;
a) Software function similarity calculation based on source codes;
firstly, respectively generating function call graphs of the software to be tested and the source codes of the tested software by using a Doxygen tool, then respectively converting information of the function call graphs into corresponding vector representations by using a graph2vec method, and finally, calculating to obtain software function similarity values of the software to be tested and the source codes of the tested software by adopting a cosine similarity calculation method; the formula is as follows:
wherein,,is->And->Is a similarity value of (1); />Vector obtained by information conversion of function call graph generated for tested software source code; />Vector obtained by information conversion for function call graph generated by the software source code to be tested; at the same time, standardized treatment is carried out to enable +.>Is in the range of [0,1 ]]. And comparing the software codes of the tested software one by one to obtain the tested software with the maximum similarity value, namely the software of the reusable test case.
B) Calculating the similarity of software functions based on binary codes;
when the binary code of the software to be tested is obtained, the binary code is required to be converted into an intermediate code for representation, and meanwhile, the code of the software to be tested is also converted into the intermediate code for representation. When the method is implemented, the intermediate codes are represented by LLVM IR, then the opt tool of the LLVM is used for generating a function call graph of the two intermediate codes, and tested software which can be reused by the test case is obtained through the matching of the function call graph. And the Graph2Vec embedded method is also utilized to convert the Graph into vector representation, then a cosine similarity calculation method is utilized to calculate a software function similarity value, and the software with the maximum software function similarity value is selected as tested software of the reusable test case.
23 The tested software with the maximum similarity value is selected and used as the software of the reusable test case.
Step 3) generating a test case for fuzzy test of the software to be tested according to the test case set of the tested software;
and de-duplicating and simplifying the corresponding effective test case set of the software with the reusable test cases in the effective test case library structure, and using a fuzzy test tool to perform fuzzy test on the software to be tested as an initial test case of the software to be tested.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a valid case multiplexing device for fuzzy test, including:
and the effective test case library module is used for constructing an effective test case library of tested software, and the library structure is in the form of < software name, input file type, software code, fuzzy test tool and effective test case > quintuple.
The software function information matching module is used for calculating the software function similarity between the software to be tested and the tested software, and selecting the tested software capable of multiplexing the test cases according to the software function similarity.
The test case generation module is used for carrying out de-duplication and simplification on the corresponding effective test case set of the software capable of multiplexing the test cases in the effective test case library structure, and using a fuzzy test tool to carry out fuzzy test on the software to be tested as an initial test case of the software to be tested.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, including: a processor, a memory, a bus, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor;
the processor and the memory complete communication with each other through the bus;
the processor, when executing the computer program, implements the method as described above.
In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements a method as described above.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
as can be seen from the technical scheme, the invention provides an effective test case multiplexing method and device for software fuzzy test, and relates to the field of software security test, wherein the method comprises the following steps: firstly, constructing an effective test case library of tested software according to basic information of the tested software; then calculating to obtain the software function similarity between the software to be tested and the tested software, and selecting the tested software of the reusable test case according to the software function similarity; and finally, generating a test case of the software to be tested according to the test case set of the tested software, and carrying out fuzzy test on the software to be tested by using a fuzzy test tool. The invention can lead similar software to share high-quality test cases and improve the effectiveness of fuzzy test of the software system.
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FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an effective test case multiplexing method for software fuzzy testing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for matching similar software in an effective test case multiplexing method for software fuzzy test according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an apparatus for multiplexing test cases for efficient software blur testing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device with an active test case multiplexing phase for software ambiguity test according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described by way of examples in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings, but in no way limit the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a method and a device for multiplexing an effective test case of a software fuzzy test, which can generate the effective test case of the fuzzy test and improve the software test efficiency. The device comprises: an effective test case library module, a software function information matching module and a test case generation module are constructed.
Fig. 1 shows a flow of an effective test case multiplexing method for software fuzzy test according to an embodiment of the present invention, including the following steps S11-S13:
s11, constructing an effective test case library of the tested software.
Related information of the tested software is obtained firstly, wherein the related information comprises the name of the tested software, the type of an input file, a fuzzy test tool, a valid test case, a source code or a binary code.
The input file type may be PDF, TXT, HTML, XML, etc.;
the effective test case refers to a test case of program crash or abnormality which can be triggered by a fuzzy test process;
the ambiguity test tool includes: AFL, AFLplusplus, vuzzer, MOPT-AFL, collAFL, tortoiseFuzzHonggfuzz, OSS-Fuzz, radamsa, libfuzzer, a Peach Fuzzer.
The effective test case library structure of the tested software is in the form of < software name, input file type, software code, fuzzy test tool and effective test case > quintuple. And storing the obtained specific information content into a tested software effective test case library.
S12, calculating to obtain the software function similarity of the software to be tested and the tested software, and selecting the tested software capable of multiplexing the test cases according to the software function similarity.
Firstly, selecting tested software with the same input file format as the software to be tested according to an effective test case library of the tested software; for example, the software to be tested is Xpdf, and the input file type is PDF; the Poppler is tested software, the input file type of the Poppler is PDF, and the Poppler of the tested software is the same as the XPDF input file type of the tested software, so that the Poppler passes the preliminary screening;
and then, according to the tested software screened by the input file type, calculating the functional similarity between the software code and the software code to be tested, and obtaining the tested software of the reusable test case.
As shown in fig. 2, the software function similarity calculation includes a software function similarity calculation based on source codes and a software function similarity calculation based on binary codes, and specifically includes the following steps:
case 1: software function similarity calculation based on source codes;
the method comprises the steps that (1) source codes of software to be tested are obtained, the software to be tested is source code information, similarity calculation is based on the source codes, firstly, a Doxygen tool is used for respectively generating function call graphs of the software to be tested and the source codes of the software to be tested, then a graph2vec method is used for respectively converting the function call graphs into 256-dimensional vectors, and finally, a cosine similarity calculation method is used for calculating to obtain software function similarity values of the software to be tested and the source codes of the software to be tested; the formula is as follows:
wherein,,is->And->Is a similarity value of (1); />Vector obtained by information conversion of function call graph generated for tested software source code; />Vector obtained by information conversion for function call graph generated by the software source code to be tested; at the same time, standardized treatment is carried out to enable +.>Is in the range of [0,1 ]]. And comparing the software codes of the tested software one by one to obtain the tested software with the maximum similarity value, namely the software of the reusable test case.
Case 2: calculating the similarity of software functions based on binary codes;
the obtained binary code of the software to be tested is converted into intermediate code for representation, and the tested software code is also converted into intermediate code representation. When the method is implemented, the intermediate codes are represented by LLVM IR, then the opt tool of the LLVM is used for generating a function call graph of the two intermediate codes, and tested software which can be reused by the test case is obtained through the matching of the function call graph. And the Graph2Vec embedded method is also utilized to convert the Graph into vector representation, then the cosine similarity calculation method is utilized to obtain the software function similarity, and the tested software with the maximum software function similarity value is selected as the test case capable of multiplexing.
LLVM IR allows binary files and source code files to be converted into the same form, requiring only specific operations of LLVMIR to be focused on, without undue effort on multiple expressions of binary code for different instruction architecture sets.
S13, generating a test case for fuzzy test of the software to be tested according to the test case set of the tested software.
And carrying out de-duplication and simplification on software capable of multiplexing test cases in the corresponding effective test case set in the effective test case library structure, and carrying out fuzzy test on the software to be tested by using a fuzzy test tool as an initial test case of the software to be tested.
Fig. 3 is a valid test case multiplexing device for software ambiguity test according to an embodiment of the present invention, including a valid test case library module 21, a software function information matching module 22, and a test case generating module 23, wherein:
and the effective test case library module is used for constructing an effective test case library of tested software, and the library structure is in the form of < software name, input file type, software code, fuzzy test tool and effective test case > quintuple.
The software function information matching module is used for calculating the software function similarity between the software to be tested and the tested software, and selecting the tested software capable of multiplexing the test cases according to the software function similarity.
The test case generation module is used for carrying out de-duplication and simplification on the corresponding effective test case set of the software capable of multiplexing the test cases in the effective test case library structure, and carrying out fuzzy test on the software to be tested by using a fuzzy test tool as an initial test case of the software to be tested.
The related functional modules may be implemented by a hardware processor (hardware processor) in embodiments of the present invention. The embodiment of the invention provides an effective test case multiplexing method and device for software fuzzy test, which comprises the steps of firstly constructing an effective test case library of tested software according to basic information of the tested software; then calculating the software function similarity between the software to be tested and the tested software, and selecting the tested software capable of multiplexing the test cases according to the software function similarity; and finally, generating a test case of the software to be tested according to the test case set of the tested software, and carrying out fuzzy test on the software to be tested by using a fuzzy test tool. The method can enable similar software to share high-quality test cases, and improves the efficiency and effect of software system testing.
Fig. 4 shows that an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, including: processor 31, memory 32, bus 33
A computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor;
the processor and the memory complete communication with each other through the bus;
the processor, when executing the computer program, implements a method as described above, for example comprising: constructing an effective test case library of tested software; performing functional similarity calculation on the software to be tested and the tested software, and selecting the tested software capable of multiplexing test cases according to the functional similarity; and generating a test case for fuzzy test of the software to be tested according to the test case set of the tested software.
Embodiments of the present invention provide a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, performs a method as described above, for example comprising: constructing an effective test case library of tested software; performing functional similarity calculation on the software to be tested and the tested software, and selecting the tested software capable of multiplexing test cases according to the functional similarity of the software; and generating a test case for fuzzy test of the software to be tested according to the test case set of the tested software.
It should be noted that the purpose of the disclosed embodiments is to aid further understanding of the present invention, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that: various alternatives and modifications are possible without departing from the scope of the invention and the appended claims. Therefore, the invention should not be limited to the disclosed embodiments, but rather the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A method for multiplexing effective test cases of software fuzzy test comprises the following steps:
1) Constructing an effective test case library of tested software; comprising the following steps:
the structure of the tested software effective test case library is in the form of < software name, input file type, software code, fuzzy test tool, effective test case > quintuple; wherein the software code comprises source code or binary code of the software; the effective test cases are test cases in which the fuzzy test process triggers program crash or abnormality;
acquiring related information of tested software according to the structure of the effective test case library of the tested software, and storing the related information into the effective test case library of the tested software;
2) Calculating to obtain the software function similarity of the software to be tested and the tested software, and selecting the tested software of the reusable test case according to the software function similarity;
the software function similarity calculation comprises software function similarity calculation based on source codes and software function similarity calculation based on binary codes;
the calculation process of the software function similarity comprises the following steps:
21 Screening tested software with the same input file format as the software to be tested from the effective test case library of the tested software;
22 Generating a function call graph of the tested software and a function call graph of the tested software respectively from the software codes of the tested software and the software codes of the tested software obtained by screening;
in the process of calculating the software function similarity based on the binary codes, before generating a function call diagram of the tested software and a function call diagram of the tested software, converting the binary codes of the tested software and the binary codes of the tested software into intermediate codes of the tested software and intermediate codes of the tested software respectively; respectively generating function call graphs of the intermediate codes by the intermediate codes;
23 Respectively converting the function call graph of the tested software and the function call graph of the software to be tested into vectors;
24 Calculating the software function similarity to obtain a software function similarity value of the tested software and the software to be tested;
the functional similarity of the calculation software is specifically calculated by a cosine similarity calculation method; expressed as:
wherein,,is->Similarity value with T; />Vector obtained by information conversion for function call graph of tested software; t is a vector obtained by performing information conversion on a function call graph of the software to be tested; and standardized to makeIs in the range of [0,1 ]]；
25 Obtaining tested software with the maximum software function similarity value, wherein the effective test case of the tested software is the reusable test case;
3) Generating a fuzzy test case of the software to be tested according to the obtained effective test case set of the tested software;
through the steps, effective test case multiplexing of the software fuzzy test is realized.
2. The method for efficient test case multiplexing for software fuzzing as recited in claim 1, wherein the input file types include, but are not limited to PDF, TXT, HTML, XML.
3. The method for multiplexing valid test cases for software fuzzing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fuzzing tool comprises: AFL, AFLplusplus, vuzzer, MOPT-AFL, collAFL, tortoiseFuzzHonggfuzz, OSS-Fuzz, radamsa, libfuzzer, a Peach Fuzzer.
4. The method for multiplexing valid test cases for software fuzzy test of claim 1, wherein in step 22), a function call graph of the software is generated specifically using a Doxygen tool; in step 23), the function call graph is converted into a 256-dimensional vector using specifically the graph2vec method.
5. The method for multiplexing valid test cases for software fuzzing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the intermediate code is specifically represented by LLVM IR; and then generating a function call graph of the intermediate code by using an opt tool of the LLVM.
6. An apparatus for implementing the method for multiplexing valid test cases for fuzzy testing of software according to claim 1, comprising:
the effective test case library module is used for constructing an effective test case library of tested software, and the library structure is in a five-tuple form of a software name, an input file type, a software code, a fuzzy test tool and an effective test case;
the software function information matching module is used for carrying out function similarity calculation on the function characteristic information of the software to be tested and the tested software to obtain tested software capable of multiplexing test cases;
the test case generation module is used for carrying out duplication elimination and simplification on the corresponding effective test case set of the software capable of multiplexing the test cases in the effective test case library structure, and is used as an initial test case of the software to be tested, and a fuzzy test tool is used for carrying out fuzzy test on the software to be tested.
7. An electronic device for implementing the method for multiplexing valid test cases for software fuzzy test of claim 1, comprising: a processor, a memory, a bus, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor;
the processor and the memory complete mutual communication through a bus;
the processor, when executing the computer program, implements the method for multiplexing valid test cases for software ambiguity test according to claim 1.
8. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the method for efficient test case multiplexing of software fuzziness testing of claim 1.
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