CN116354835A - 一种盐酸文拉法辛ep杂质h的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种盐酸文拉法辛ep杂质h的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- OUCSEDFVYPBLLF-KAYWLYCHSA-N 5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-[2-[(2r,4r)-4-hydroxy-6-oxooxan-2-yl]ethyl]-n,4-diphenyl-2-propan-2-ylpyrrole-3-carboxamide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C1=C(C=2C=CC(F)=CC=2)N(CC[C@H]2OC(=O)C[C@H](O)C2)C(C(C)C)=C1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 OUCSEDFVYPBLLF-KAYWLYCHSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
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- C07C213/02—Preparation of compounds containing amino and hydroxy, amino and etherified hydroxy or amino and esterified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton by reactions involving the formation of amino groups from compounds containing hydroxy groups or etherified or esterified hydroxy groups
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Abstract
本发明涉及药物有机合成技术领域,公开了一种盐酸文拉法辛EP杂质H的制备方法,包括:以1‑(2‑氨基‑1(4‑甲氧基苯基)乙基)环己‑1‑醇和4‑甲氧基苯乙腈为原料,在加氢催化剂和氢气作用下进行加氢偶联反应,制得盐酸文拉法辛EP杂质H。整个合成路线的原料易得,转化率高,且后处理的分离纯化操作简便易行,制得的产物具有较高的纯度。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及药物有机合成技术领域,尤其涉及一种盐酸文拉法辛EP杂质H的制备方法。
背景技术
文拉法辛(Effexor)是5-羟色胺去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂(SNRI)类药物中的抗抑郁药。它的作用主要是通过阻断参与神经递质5-羟色胺和去甲肾上腺素再摄取的转运蛋白,从而在突触中保留更多活性神经递质。正式批准文拉法辛用于治疗重度抑郁症(MDD)、广泛性焦虑症(GAD)、社交焦虑症和恐慌症。截至2014年,加拿大临床实践指南建议将文拉法辛作为治疗广泛性焦虑、社交焦虑、恐慌症、重性抑郁症(MDD)的一线治疗方案,并考虑将其作为治疗强迫症的二线治疗方案(OCD)。Venlafaxine也可用于预防偏头痛,减轻与更年期相关的血管舒缩症状13以及管理神经性疼痛(尽管只有极少数证据表明这种情况有效)。
文拉法辛在美国于1993年12月获批上市,在日本于2015年12月获批上市。国内已上市,医保甲类药品。
欧洲药典7.0的盐酸文拉法辛的质量标准中列入了编号为A-G的杂质,其结构式分别如下:
俞旭峰、阳凯等,在中国医药工业杂志,2013,44(7)中,报道了盐酸文拉法辛EP杂质A/C/D/E/F/G的制备方法。但唯独没有对盐酸文拉法辛EP杂质H的合成方法报道。
盐酸文拉法辛EP杂质H的CAS号为1329795-88-1,化学结构式如下:
专利CN103483210A报道了盐酸文拉法辛一种新杂质的制备方法,该新杂质和EP杂质H结构类似,比杂质H多了一个甲基。根据该专利,EP杂质H是制备该杂质的前一个中间体。该杂质的结构式如下:
根据该专利的方法,制备盐酸文拉法辛EP杂质H结构式的化合物合成路线如下:
对甲氧基苯乙腈先在碱性条件下水解为对甲氧基苯乙酸,再用硼氢化钠/三氟化硼乙醚还原为对甲氧基苯乙醇,再与甲基磺酰氯反应生成2-(4-甲氧基-苯基)-乙醇甲磺酸酯,再进一步与1-(2-氨基-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)乙基)环己-1-醇在乙腈和碳酸氢钠溶液中进行氨解反应,得到盐酸文拉法辛杂质H。
用该方法,以对甲氧基苯乙腈为原料需要经过4步反应,才能合成盐酸文拉法辛杂质H。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术工艺步骤长、产物分离难度大、总收率和纯度低的技术问题,本发明提供了一种盐酸文拉法辛杂质H的制备方法。本发明的具体技术方案为:
一种盐酸文拉法辛EP杂质H的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
在加氢催化剂和氢气的作用下,1-(2-氨基-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)乙基)环己-1-醇与4-甲氧基苯乙腈在醇类溶剂中进行加氢偶联反应,反应结束后经过后处理得到所述的盐酸文拉法辛EP杂质H。
过程合成路线如下:
本发明的可能的反应机理如下:首先4-甲氧基苯乙腈进行催化加氢生成亚胺中间体,该亚胺中间体与1-(2-氨基-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)乙基)环己-1-醇进行偶联反应并脱去一分子氨生成亚胺偶联中间体,然后在氢气存在下还原得到所述盐酸文拉法辛EP杂质H。
采用本发明的方法制备盐酸文拉法辛杂质H,工艺步骤短,且后处理的分离纯化操作简便易行,制得的目标产物具有较高的纯度。
本发明中,加氢催化剂的种类会对反应结果产生较大的影响,作为优选,所述加氢催化剂为雷尼镍、雷尼钴、钯炭、铂炭、铑炭或钌炭,所述加氢催化剂的用量为所述4-甲氧基苯乙腈质量的2~10wt%;作为最优选,所述的加氢催化剂为铑炭,所述铑炭的负载量为5~10%。
作为优选,所述醇类溶剂为甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、丁醇、异丁醇中的一种或者多种。
作为优选,反应时还加入有机酸作为助剂。助剂的加入可以促进反应的进行,作为进一步的优选,所述有机酸为甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、甲基磺酸或对甲苯磺酸,所述有机酸与所述4-甲氧基苯乙腈质量比为0.3~1.0:1。
作为优选,所述加氢偶联反应的反应温度为20~80℃,反应时间2~40小时。
作为优选,所述氢气的压力范围为0.1~3.0MPa,更进一步优选为0.5~1.0MPa。
作为优选,所述1-(2-氨基-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)乙基)环己-1-醇与4-甲氧基苯乙腈的摩尔比为1.1~1.3:1。
作为优选,所述后处理过程如下:
降温过滤除去所述加氢催化剂,滤液加碱调pH至10~11,减压浓缩,浓缩液经过柱层析得到所述的盐酸文拉法辛EP杂质H。作为进一步的优选,所述的碱为氢氧化钠。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下优点:
采用本发明的方法制备盐酸文拉法辛EP杂质H,合成路线短,总收率高,操作步骤少,制备得到的杂质纯度高,适用于作为盐酸文拉法辛的杂质对照品。
具体实施方式
图1为实施例5得到的盐酸文拉法辛EP杂质H的'H NMR图谱;
图2为实施例5得到的盐酸文拉法辛EP杂质H的13CNMR图谱;
图3为实施例5得到的盐酸文拉法辛EP杂质H的质谱。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的描述。
实施例1
通过以下步骤制备盐酸文拉法辛EP杂质H:
(1)加成还原反应:
在50mL高压釜中投入4.2g 1-(2-氨基-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)乙基)环己-1-醇(FW249,16.8mmol),2.0g 4-甲氧基苯乙腈(FW147,13.6mmol),0.2g雷尼镍,20ml甲醇,0.8g冰乙酸,密闭高压釜。充氢置换三次,加氢至1.0MPa,加热升温至50℃搅拌反应24小时。
(2)纯化后处理:
降温过滤除去雷尼镍,滤液加入氢氧化钠调pH至10-11,减压浓缩。残留物过200目硅胶柱纯化,洗脱剂采用体积比为1:8的乙酸乙酯和正己烷的混合溶液。收集纯度较高的部分,减压浓缩至干,得盐酸文拉法辛EP杂质H 3.3g(FW383.5,8.6mmol),纯度97.1%(HPLC),收率63.3%。
实施例2
通过以下步骤制备盐酸文拉法辛EP杂质H:
(1)加成还原反应:
在50ml高压釜中投入4.2g 1-(2-氨基-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)乙基)环己-1-醇(FW249,16.8mmol),2.0g 4-甲氧基苯乙腈(FW147,13.6mmol),0.2g雷尼钴,20ml甲醇,0.8g冰乙酸,密闭高压釜。充氢置换三次,加氢至1.0MPa,加热升温至50℃搅拌反应24小时。
(2)纯化后处理:
降温过滤除去雷尼钴,滤液加入氢氧化钠调pH至10-11,减压浓缩。残留物过200目硅胶柱纯化,洗脱剂采用体积比为1:8的乙酸乙酯和正己烷的混合溶液。收集纯度较高的部分,减压浓缩至干,得盐酸文拉法辛EP杂质H 3.5g(FW383.5,9.1mmol),纯度97.6%(HPLC),收率66.9%。
实施例3
通过以下步骤制备盐酸文拉法辛EP杂质H:
(1)加成还原反应:
在50ml高压釜中投入4.2g 1-(2-氨基-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)乙基)环己-1-醇(FW249,16.8mmol),2.0g 4-甲氧基苯乙腈(FW147,13.6mmol),0.2g 10%钯炭,20ml甲醇,0.8g冰乙酸,密闭高压釜。充氢置换三次,加氢至1.0MPa,加热升温至50℃搅拌反应24小时。
(2)纯化后处理:
降温过滤除去钯炭,滤液加入氢氧化钠调pH至10-11,减压浓缩。残留物过200目硅胶柱纯化,洗脱剂采用体积比为1:8的乙酸乙酯和正己烷的混合溶液。收集纯度较高的部分,减压浓缩至干,得盐酸文拉法辛EP杂质H 3.9g(FW383.5,10.2mmol),纯度98.3%(HPLC),收率75.3%。
实施例4
通过以下步骤制备盐酸文拉法辛EP杂质H:
(1)加成还原反应:
在50ml高压釜中投入4.2g 1-(2-氨基-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)乙基)环己-1-醇(FW249,16.8mmol),2.0g 4-甲氧基苯乙腈(FW147,13.6mmol),0.2g 10%钌炭,20ml甲醇,0.8g冰乙酸,密闭高压釜。充氢置换三次,加氢至1.0MPa,加热升温至50℃搅拌反应24小时。
(2)纯化后处理:
降温过滤除去钌炭,滤液加入氢氧化钠调pH至10-11,减压浓缩。残留物过200目硅胶柱纯化,洗脱剂采用体积比为1:8的乙酸乙酯和正己烷的混合溶液。收集纯度较高的部分,减压浓缩至干,得盐酸文拉法辛EP杂质H 4.1g(FW383.5,10.7mmol),纯度98.5%(HPLC),收率78.7%。
实施例5
通过以下步骤制备盐酸文拉法辛EP杂质H:
(1)加成还原反应:
在50ml高压釜中投入4.2g 1-(2-氨基-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)乙基)环己-1-醇(FW249,16.8mmol),2.0g 4-甲氧基苯乙腈(FW147,13.6mmol),0.2g 10%铑炭,20ml异丙醇,0.8g冰乙酸,密闭高压釜。充氢置三次,加氢至1.0MPa,加热升温至50℃搅拌反应24小时。
(2)纯化后处理:
降温过滤除去铑炭,滤液加入氢氧化钠调pH至10-11,减压浓缩。残留物过200目硅胶柱纯化,洗脱剂采用体积比为1:8的乙酸乙酯和正己烷的混合溶液。收集纯度较高的部分,减压浓缩至干,得盐酸文拉法辛EP杂质H 4.2g(FW383.5,10.9mmol),纯度98.6%(HPLC),收率80.1%。该产物表征图谱见图1~3。
实施例6
通过以下步骤制备盐酸文拉法辛EP杂质H:
(1)加成还原反应:
在50ml高压釜中投入4.2g 1-(2-氨基-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)乙基)环己-1-醇(FW249,16.8mmol),2.0g 4-甲氧基苯乙腈(FW147,13.6mmol),0.2g 10%铑炭,20ml异丙醇,0.8g冰乙酸,密闭高压釜。充氢置换三次,加氢至0.5MPa,加热升温至50℃搅拌反应24小时。
(2)纯化后处理:
降温过滤除去铑炭,滤液加入氢氧化钠调pH至10-11,减压浓缩。残留物过200目硅胶柱纯化,洗脱剂采用体积比为1:8的乙酸乙酯和正己烷的混合溶液。收集纯度较高的部分,减压浓缩至干,得盐酸文拉法辛EP杂质H 4.0g(FW383.5,10.5mmol),纯度98.3%(HPLC),收率77.2%。
实施例7
通过以下步骤制备盐酸文拉法辛EP杂质H:
(1)加成还原反应:
在50ml高压釜中投入4.2g 1-(2-氨基-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)乙基)环己-1-醇(FW249,16.8mmol),2.0g 4-甲氧基苯乙腈(FW147,13.6mmol),0.2g 10%铑炭,20ml异丙醇,0.8g冰乙酸,密闭高压釜。充氢置换三次,加氢至1.0MPa,加热升温至60℃搅拌反应24小时。
(2)纯化后处理:
降温过滤除去铑炭,滤液加入氢氧化钠调pH至10-11,减压浓缩。残留物过200目硅胶柱纯化,洗脱剂采用体积比为1:8的乙酸乙酯和正己烷的混合溶液。收集纯度较高的部分,减压浓缩至干,得盐酸文拉法辛EP杂质H 3.9g(FW383.5,10.2mmol),纯度98.1%(HPLC),收率75.0%。
本发明中所用原料、设备,若无特别说明,均为本领域的常用原料、设备;本发明中所用方法,若无特别说明,均为本领域的常规方法。
以上所述,仅是本发明的较佳实施例,并非对本发明作任何限制,凡是根据本发明技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、变更以及等效变换,均仍属于本发明技术方案的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种盐酸文拉法辛EP杂质H的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
在加氢催化剂和氢气的作用下,1-(2-氨基-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)乙基)环己-1-醇与4-甲氧基苯乙腈在醇类溶剂中进行加氢偶联反应,反应结束后经过后处理得到所述的盐酸文拉法辛EP杂质H。
2.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述加氢催化剂为雷尼镍、雷尼钴、钯炭、铂炭、铑炭或钌炭,所述加氢催化剂的用量为所述4-甲氧基苯乙腈质量的2~10wt%。
3.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述醇类溶剂为甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、丁醇、异丁醇中的一种或者多种。
4.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,反应时还加入有机酸作为助剂。
5.如权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述有机酸为甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、甲基磺酸或对甲苯磺酸,所述有机酸与所述4-甲氧基苯乙腈质量比为0.3~1.0:1。
6.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述加氢偶联反应的温度为20~80℃,反应时间2~40小时。
7.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述氢气的压力范围为0.1~3.0MPa。
8.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述1-(2-氨基-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)乙基)环己-1-醇与4-甲氧基苯乙腈的摩尔比为1.1~1.3:1。
9.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述后处理过程如下:
降温过滤除去所述加氢催化剂,滤液加碱调pH至10~11,减压浓缩,浓缩液经过柱层析得到所述的盐酸文拉法辛EP杂质H。
10.如权利要求9所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的碱为氢氧化钠。
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| CN111675671A (zh) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-09-18 | 苏州第四制药厂有限公司 | 一种文拉法辛杂质e的制备方法 |
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