CN116288002B - 一种精冲用中高碳合金结构钢及其制造方法 - Google Patents
一种精冲用中高碳合金结构钢及其制造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 229910001339 C alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- CYUOWZRAOZFACA-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum iron Chemical compound [Al].[Fe] CYUOWZRAOZFACA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 7
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 6
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910001567 cementite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 5
- KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;methane Chemical compound C.[Fe].[Fe].[Fe] KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 4
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000677 High-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004925 denaturation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036425 denaturation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021386 carbon form Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009489 vacuum treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/02—Dephosphorising or desulfurising
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- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
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Abstract
本发明属于合金结构钢技术领域,公开了一种精冲用中高碳合金结构钢及其制造方法,所述钢的化学成分及重量百分比含量为:C:0.39~0.43%,Si:0.17~0.3%,Mn:0.7~0.8%,P:≤0.015%,S:≤0.003%,ALt:0.02~0.05%,Mo:0.15~0.25%,Cr:0.9~1.1%,余量为Fe及不可避免的夹杂。本发明通过成分和工艺的创新,开发出硬度为150~175HV,屈服强度为800~900MPa,抗拉强度为900~1000MPa,延伸率≥15%,D类夹杂物级别≤1级,DS类夹杂物级别≤0.5级,中心偏析级别≤C0.5级,带状组织级别≤2级,球化级别为3级,球化率≥95%的精冲用中高碳合金结构钢,在汽车精细部件制造领域具有广阔的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于合金结构钢技术领域,具体涉及一种精冲用中高碳合金结构钢及其制造方法。
背景技术
钢铁是制造汽车零部件最重要的金属,由于汽车零部件对于规格、厚度精度、表面质量以及力学性能的特殊需求,其对钢的加工方式多种多样,而承担关键功能的汽车零部件材料往往采用精冲技术。精冲技术是在普通冲压技术的基础上发展起来的一种精密冲裁方法,通过特定的热处理方法使材料内部组织呈现球状渗碳结构,从而满足下游精冲过程不产生撕裂带、无毛刺等,保证零部件安全性能、质量、良率及稳定性。精冲工艺通过一次成形就可以得到尺寸精度高、断面质量好的机械零部件,与传统锻造、铸造及机加工工艺相比,精冲技术具有生产效率高、成本低、能耗少的特点。
精冲用钢的性能对精冲的效果有着很大的影响,由于精密冲裁的模具间的间隙比普通冲裁间隙设定更小,因此要求冷轧退火后精冲用钢板整个厚度截面具有均匀球化珠光体组织,脱碳层小,硬度均匀。为保证冷轧退火后得到精冲前的均匀球化退火组织,则要求热轧态组织均匀,带状组织级别低,同时又要求一定的冷轧成型性,可以进行分条、酸洗、冷轧。而传统的精冲钢热轧态组织容易形成贝氏体或者马氏体,延伸率较低,球化退火后球化率较低,不利于用户精密冲裁,容易开裂。因此,常规制造方法所生产出的精冲钢不能满足精冲性能的要求。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是针对现有技术存在的不足,提供一种精冲用中高碳合金结构钢及其制造方法,通过成分和工艺的创新,使其形成均匀的球化珠光体组织,降低非金属夹杂物、中心偏析和带状组织级别,提高球化退火后球化率,从而保证其具有优异的精冲性能。
为解决本发明所提出的技术问题,本发明提供一种精冲用中高碳合金结构钢,其化学成分及重量百分比含量为:C:0.39~0.43%,Si:0.17~0.3%,Mn:0.7~0.8%,P:≤0.015%,S:≤0.003%,ALt:0.02~0.05%,Mo:0.15~0.25%,Cr:0.9~1.1%,余量为Fe及不可避免的夹杂。
优选地,所述钢的化学成分及重量百分比含量为:C:0.4~0.42%,Si:0.2~0.26%,Mn:0.72~0.78%,P:≤0.012%,S:≤0.002%,ALt:0.03~0.045%,Mo:0.18~0.22%,Cr:0.95~1.05%,余量为Fe及不可避免的夹杂。
上述方案中,所述钢的显微组织为铁素体和球状珠光体,其中,球状珠光体的体积占比≥95%。
上述方案中,所述钢的球化级别为3级,球化率≥95%。
上述方案中,所述钢的D类夹杂物级别≤1级,DS类夹杂物级别≤0.5级。
上述方案中,所述钢的中心偏析级别≤C0.5级,带状组织级别≤2级。
上述方案中,所述钢的脱碳层深度≤50μm。
上述方案中,所述钢的硬度为150~175HV,屈服强度为800~900MPa,抗拉强度为900~1000MPa,延伸率≥15%。
本发明还提供一种精冲用中高碳合金结构钢的制造方法,包括以下步骤:
1)KR铁水脱硫:脱硫后铁水S含量≤0.001%;
2)转炉冶炼:终点温度1650~1665℃,终点钢水O含量为0.02~0.04%,出钢加铝铁脱氧,控制钢水Alt含量为0.005~0.02%,并合金化;
3)吹氩:吹氩后钢水Alt含量为0.02~0.035%;
4)LF精炼:精炼后钢水Alt含量为0.025~0.04%,S含量≤0.002%;
5)钢水经真空循环脱气脱夹杂,合金化微调成分和温度后,连铸成坯;
6)板坯加热后经粗轧、精轧、冷却、卷取,得到精冲用中高碳合金结构钢。
上述方案中,所述真空循环的真空度≤15Pa,总循环时间为28~35min,合金化结束后净循环时间≥10min,真空结束温度控制在1521~1526℃。
上述方案中,所述连铸过程选择碱度为0.8~0.9、1300℃时粘度为0.07~0.17Pa·S、熔点为1000~1060℃的结晶器保护渣。
上述方案中,所述连铸的结晶器锥度为1.18~1.22%,结晶器宽面冷却水流量为3500~3600L/min,结晶器窄面冷却水流量为600~610L/min。
上述方案中,所述连铸过程钢水过热度为5~10℃,中间包温度为1496~1501℃,拉坯速度为0.9~1m/min,结晶器钢水液面波动≤±2mm。
上述方案中,所述板坯加热温度为1230~1280℃,粗轧结束温度为1060~1100℃,精轧结束温度为850~890℃,卷取温度为570~610℃。
本发明各组分及其含量范围主要依据以下原理:
碳(C):是决定钢材精冲性能的最主要元素,当提高钢的碳含量时,铁素体溶解碳元素形成固溶组织,提高钢的强度,形成渗碳体碳化物组织,提高钢的硬度及耐磨性,但是碳含量太高时钢的塑性、韧性会降低,钢的精冲性能也会降低。较适宜的碳的添加量为0.39~0.43%,优选为0.4~0.42%。
硅(Si):能够缩小奥氏体相区,在渗碳体钢中,硅不会形成碳化物,硅能减小渗碳层厚度和碳的浓度,硅对钢液有良好的脱氧作用,能够提高钢的强度、硬度以及疲劳强度。但是硅太高时,会降低钢的塑性和韧性,会产生带状组织,使钢的焊接性恶化。较适宜的硅的添加量为0.17~0.3%,优选为0.2~0.26%。
锰(Mn):能使渗碳体钢的组织均匀、细化,避免了渗碳层中的碳化物聚集成块,易于形成球状渗碳体,从而提高钢的精冲性能,也可以提高钢的淬透性,但是锰含量太高时,增大了钢的过热敏感性和回火脆性。较适宜的锰的添加量为0.7~0.8%,优选为0.72~0.78%。
磷、硫(P、S):磷易导致钢的冷脆;硫易引起热脆;因此应尽量降低。
铝(ALt):铝是钢中主要的脱氧元素,铝可以细化钢的本质晶粒,铝可以减少或消除钢的时效现象,改善钢的韧性。但是当铝含量太高时,奥氏体晶粒反而容易长大粗化。较适宜的铝的添加量为0.02~0.05%,优选为0.03~0.045%。
钼(Mo):能提高淬透性和热强性,属于强淬透性元素。能提高钢的回火稳定性,提高钢的塑性,能在渗碳层中降低碳化物在晶界上形成连续网状的倾向,减少渗碳层中残留的奥氏体,相对的增加了表面层的耐磨性,钼还能保持钢有比较稳定的硬度,增加对变性、开裂和磨损的抗力。但是,钼太高了将降低钢的抗氧化性,增加钢对热加工的变形抗力。较适宜的钼的添加量为0.15~0.25%,,优选为0.18~0.22%。
铬(Cr):铬易形成连续固溶体,缩小奥氏体相区域。铬与碳形成多种碳化物,在热处理时不容易脱碳,能增加钢的淬透性,可以提高中高碳钢轧制状态的强度和硬度,提高钢的耐磨性,并具有一定的回火稳定性和韧性,同时提高钢的表面加工质量。但是,随着铬含量的继续增加,钢的强度、硬度以及塑性将下降,所以铬也不宜过高。较适宜的铬的添加量为0.9~1.1%,优选为0.95~1.05%。
本发明精冲用中高碳合金结构钢,必须保证其优异的淬透性和淬硬性,同时对表面脱碳层有一定要求。为保证其精冲性能,精冲用钢对组织、夹杂物和偏析的要求都非常高。为保证剪切面光滑平整,要求钢材内部组织为球化珠光体,球化级别为3级,球化率≥95%;精冲零件剪切区会发生剧烈变形,局部区域最大形变量大于50%,形变后硬度大约是基体硬度的两倍,为保证生产的连续性和模具的寿命,要求硬度低于180HV。钢中的大颗粒夹杂物会引起剪切区域开裂,因此要求钢材D类夹杂物级别≤1级,DS类夹杂物级别≤0.5级。偏析也是引起精冲剪切面开裂的一个原因,要求中心偏析级别≤C0.5级,带状组织≤2级。
为了保证上述性能,本发明钢的化学成分中碳含量较高,且添加了合金元素Cr、Mo。C元素是最经济的强化元素,通过间隙固溶强化提升钢的强度,增加碳含量,可大幅提升钢的淬透性,减少其他贵重合金的加入量,降低生产成本。Cr与C形成多种碳化物,在热处理时不容易脱碳,提高钢的淬透性,强度、硬度及耐磨性,并具有一定的回火稳定性和韧性。Mo能提高淬透性和热强性,提高钢的回火稳定性、塑性,能在渗碳层中降低碳化物在晶界上形成连续网状的倾向,减少渗碳层中残留的奥氏体,相对的增加了表面层的耐磨性,Mo还能保持钢有比较稳定的硬度,增加对变性、开裂和磨损的抗力。C、Cr、Mo同时相互作用,可以显著提高钢的淬透性、强度、硬度、耐磨性、韧性和回火稳定性。
为了保证上述性能,本发明在KR脱硫、转炉冶炼、吹氩、LF精炼过程中控制钢水中S和Alt的含量,提高钢水的纯净度;在真空循环过程严格控制循环时间和真空度,较常规真空处理提出了更高的要求,是为了控制钢的非金属夹杂物级别;本发明钢液相线温度很低,为了控制中心偏析和带状组织,连铸过程中控制低的过热度,中间包温度越接近钢水的液相线温度越容易导致浇铸过程钢水凝固中断,所以结晶器保护渣的碱度、粘度、熔点的控制,低过热度、低拉速和结晶器冷却速度的相匹配是关键。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果为:
1)本发明采用中高碳的成分设计,并添加合金元素Cr、Mo,能够显著提升钢的淬透性、强度、硬度、韧性等综合性能,再结合对制造工艺的设计和控制,使其形成均匀的球化珠光体组织,降低非金属夹杂物、中心偏析和带状组织级别,提高球化退火后球化率,从而保证其具有优异的精冲性能。
2)本发明制造的精冲用中高碳合金结构钢的硬度为150~175HV,屈服强度为800~900MPa,抗拉强度为900~1000MPa,延伸率≥15%,D类夹杂物级别≤1级,DS类夹杂物级别≤0.5级,中心偏析级别≤C0.5级,带状组织级别≤2级,球化级别为3级,球化率≥95%,在汽车精细部件制造领域具有广阔的应用前景。
具体实施方式
为了更好地理解本发明,下面结合实施例进一步阐明本发明的内容,但本发明的内容不仅仅局限于下面的实施例。
实施例1-10
实施例1-10精冲用中高碳合金结构钢的化学成分及重量百分比含量见表1。
表1钢的化学成分
实施例1-10精冲用中高碳合金结构钢的制造方法,包括以下步骤:
1)KR铁水脱硫:脱硫后铁水S含量≤0.001%;
2)转炉冶炼:终点温度1650~1665℃,终点钢水O含量为0.02~0.04%,出钢加铝铁脱氧,控制钢水Alt含量为0.005~0.02%,并合金化;
3)吹氩:吹氩后钢水Alt含量为0.02~0.035%;
4)LF精炼:精炼后钢水Alt含量为0.025~0.04%,S含量≤0.002%;
5)钢水经真空循环脱气脱夹杂,合金化微调成分和温度后,连铸成坯;
6)板坯加热后经粗轧、精轧、冷却、卷取,得到精冲用中高碳合金结构钢。
表2步骤1-4中的主要工艺参数
表3步骤5中真空循环和连铸成坯的主要工艺参数
表4步骤5中结晶器保护渣结晶器的主要工艺参数
表5步骤6中的主要工艺参数
对实施例1-10和对比例1-2制造的钢的性能参数进行测试,结果见6和表7。
表6钢的性能参数(一)
表7钢的性能参数(二)
由表6和表7可以看出:1)显微组织主要是球状珠光体,球化率大幅提高,中高碳精冲钢球化率越高,精冲性能越好。球化率越高,可以避免产生粗大条状或片状的珠光体不均匀分布在铁素体的基体中,这种组织会降低精冲钢的延伸率和塑性,精冲后使得钢材的断口粗糙不齐,产生撕裂或裂纹面。2)夹杂物尤其是D类、DS类夹杂物大幅减少,钢材纯净度更高,精冲钢中的D类、DS类夹杂物会引起剪切冲裁区域开裂,严重影响加工,D类夹杂≤1级,DS类夹杂≤0.5级可以满足高精冲加工要求。3)中心偏析达到最优等级,中心偏析对中高碳钢精冲钢性能影响很大,会在铸坯中心生产网状渗碳体一类低塑性组织,在随后加工过程中发生断裂,中心偏析会导致中心疏松和中心裂纹,进一步降低了铸坯的内部致密性和后续钢材的精冲性能。4)带状组织达到最优等级,带状组织会使珠光体和铁素体呈带状分布的形态,会使钢材的力学性能呈各项异性。会导致热变形过大,应力集中,压力加工时容易从交界处开裂,影响钢的精冲性能。5)脱碳层深度大幅减少,脱碳层会降低精冲钢表面层的硬度、强度、疲劳极限等,严重影响钢的精冲性能,在使用中发生早期失效,而且脱碳层中存在很大的残余拉应力,在精冲过程中容易使钢材报废。总之,通过上述成分、工艺的优化,本发明所述精冲钢的综合性能得到了大幅提升。
上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的实例,而并非对实施方式的限制。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说,在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动,这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举,而因此所引申的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明创造的保护范围之内。
Claims (5)
1.一种精冲用中高碳合金结构钢,其特征在于,所述钢的化学成分及重量百分比含量为:C:0.39~0.43%,Si:0.17~0.3%,Mn:0.7~0.8%,P:≤0.015%,S:≤0.003%,Alt:0.035~0.05%,Mo:0.15~0.25%,Cr:0.9~1.1%,余量为Fe及不可避免的夹杂;所述钢的显微组织为铁素体和球状珠光体,其中,球状珠光体的体积占比≥95%;所述钢的球化级别为3级,球化率≥95%;
所述精冲用中高碳合金结构钢的制造方法,包括以下步骤:
1)KR铁水脱硫:脱硫后铁水S含量≤0.001%;
2)转炉冶炼:终点温度1650~1665℃,终点钢水O含量为0.02~0.04%,出钢加铝铁脱氧,控制钢水Alt含量为0.005~0.02%,并合金化;
3)吹氩:吹氩后钢水Alt含量为0.02~0.035%;
4)LF精炼:精炼后钢水Alt含量为0.025~0.04%,S含量≤0.002%;
5)钢水经真空循环脱气脱夹杂,合金化微调成分和温度后,连铸成坯;真空循环的真空度≤15Pa,总循环时间为28~35min,合金化结束后净循环时间≥10min,真空结束温度控制在1521~1526℃;连铸过程钢水过热度为5~10℃,中间包温度为1496~1501℃,拉坯速度为0.9~1m/min,结晶器钢水液面波动≤±2mm;连铸过程采用碱度为0.8~0.9、1300℃时粘度为0.07~0.17 Pa·s、熔点为1000~1060℃的结晶器保护渣,采用锥度为1.18~1.22%的结晶器,结晶器宽面冷却水流量为3500~3600L/min,结晶器窄面冷却水流量为600~610L/min;
6)板坯加热后经粗轧、精轧、冷却、卷取,板坯加热温度为1230~1280℃,粗轧结束温度为1060~1100℃,精轧结束温度为850~890℃,卷取温度为570~610℃,得到精冲用中高碳合金结构钢。
2.根据权利要求1所述的精冲用中高碳合金结构钢,其特征在于,所述钢的化学成分及重量百分比含量为:C:0.4~0.42%,Si:0.2~0.26%,Mn:0.72~0.78%,P:≤0.012%,S:≤0.002%,Alt:0.035~0.045%,Mo:0.18~0.22%,Cr:0.95~1.05%,余量为Fe及不可避免的夹杂。
3.根据权利要求1所述的精冲用中高碳合金结构钢,其特征在于,所述钢的D类夹杂物级别≤1级,DS类夹杂物级别≤0.5级,中心偏析级别≤C0.5级,带状组织级别≤2级,脱碳层深度≤50μm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的精冲用中高碳合金结构钢,其特征在于,所述钢的硬度为150~175HV,屈服强度为800~900MPa,抗拉强度为900~1000MPa,延伸率≥15%。
5.一种权利要求1-4任一项所述的精冲用中高碳合金结构钢的制造方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)KR铁水脱硫:脱硫后铁水S含量≤0.001%;
2)转炉冶炼:终点温度1650~1665℃,终点钢水O含量为0.02~0.04%,出钢加铝铁脱氧,控制钢水Alt含量为0.005~0.02%,并合金化;
3)吹氩:吹氩后钢水Alt含量为0.02~0.035%;
4)LF精炼:精炼后钢水Alt含量为0.025~0.04%,S含量≤0.002%;
5)钢水经真空循环脱气脱夹杂,合金化微调成分和温度后,连铸成坯;真空循环的真空度≤15Pa,总循环时间为28~35min,合金化结束后净循环时间≥10min,真空结束温度控制在1521~1526℃;连铸过程钢水过热度为5~10℃,中间包温度为1496~1501℃,拉坯速度为0.9~1m/min,结晶器钢水液面波动≤±2mm;连铸过程采用碱度为0.8~0.9、1300℃时粘度为0.07~0.17 Pa·s、熔点为1000~1060℃的结晶器保护渣,采用锥度为1.18~1.22%的结晶器,结晶器宽面冷却水流量为3500~3600L/min,结晶器窄面冷却水流量为600~610L/min;
6)板坯加热后经粗轧、精轧、冷却、卷取,板坯加热温度为1230~1280℃,粗轧结束温度为1060~1100℃,精轧结束温度为850~890℃,卷取温度为570~610℃,得到精冲用中高碳合金结构钢。
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