CN116179909A - High-hardness aluminum alloy and production process thereof - Google Patents
High-hardness aluminum alloy and production process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 22
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 22
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010436 fluorite Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- -1 titanium hydride Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000048 titanium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052923 celestite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- UBXAKNTVXQMEAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium sulfate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O UBXAKNTVXQMEAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005662 electromechanics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/10—Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/053—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with zinc as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/40—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions
- C23C8/42—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions only one element being applied
- C23C8/48—Nitriding
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy production, in particular to a high-hardness aluminum alloy and a production process thereof; the high-hardness aluminum alloy comprises the following components: si:0.35 to 0.45 percent of Ti:0.07 to 0.12 percent of Mn:0.45 to 0.68 percent of Zn:7.3 to 8.9 percent of Mg:3.0 to 3.5 percent, B: 0.06-0.18%, cd:0.25 to 0.42 percent of Cu:2.6 to 3.3 percent of Cr:0.22 to 0.30 percent of Li:0.05 to 0.1 percent of Ni:0.58 to 0.75 percent of Mo: 0.06-0.12%, V:0.1 to 0.15 percent of rare earth elements: 0.2 to 0.28 percent of inorganic powder: 0.68 to 0.85 percent of metal nitride: 0.23 to 0.38 percent of metal additive: 0.05 to 0.1 percent, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurities; the aluminum alloy produced by the method has good wear resistance, excellent toughness and cracking resistance sensitivity, and the service life of the aluminum alloy product is prolonged to a certain extent; in addition, the hardness and corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy product are further enhanced after nitriding treatment, and the quality and performance of the aluminum alloy product are effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy production, in particular to a high-hardness aluminum alloy and a production process thereof.
Background
The aluminum alloy is an alloy based on aluminum and added with a certain amount of other alloying elements, and is one of light metal materials. In addition to having the general characteristics of aluminum, aluminum alloys have specific characteristics of some alloys due to the variety and amount of alloying elements added. The aluminum alloy has higher strength, the specific strength is close to that of high alloy steel, the specific rigidity is higher than that of steel, the aluminum alloy has good casting performance and plastic workability, good electric conductivity and heat conductivity, good corrosion resistance and weldability, can be used as a structural material, and has wide application in aerospace, aviation, transportation, construction, electromechanics, lightening and daily necessities.
At present, although the commercial aluminum alloy has certain mechanical strength, the toughness of the commercial aluminum alloy is relatively poor, and the hardness and the corrosion resistance of the commercial aluminum alloy are also relatively insufficient, so that the service life of the commercial aluminum alloy is shortened to a certain extent. Therefore, the invention provides a high-hardness aluminum alloy and a production process thereof, so as to solve the technical problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the high-hardness aluminum alloy and the production process thereof, and the produced aluminum alloy not only has better wear resistance, but also has excellent toughness and cracking resistance sensitivity, so that the service life of an aluminum alloy product is effectively prolonged to a certain extent; in addition, the hardness and corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy product are further enhanced after nitriding treatment, and the quality and performance of the aluminum alloy product are effectively improved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the high-hardness aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: si:0.35 to 0.45 percent of Ti:0.07 to 0.12 percent of Mn:0.45 to 0.68 percent of Zn:7.3 to 8.9 percent of Mg:3.0 to 3.5 percent, B: 0.06-0.18%, cd:0.25 to 0.42 percent of Cu:2.6 to 3.3 percent of Cr:0.22 to 0.30 percent of Li:0.05 to 0.1 percent of Ni:0.58 to 0.75 percent of Mo: 0.06-0.12%, V:0.1 to 0.15 percent of rare earth elements: 0.2 to 0.28 percent of inorganic powder: 0.68 to 0.85 percent of metal nitride: 0.23 to 0.38 percent of metal additive: 0.05 to 0.1 percent, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurities.
Further, the rare earth element is selected from any one or a combination of a plurality of Sc, la, pr, nd.
Further, the inorganic powder is graphene, the fixed carbon content in the graphene is more than or equal to 99.6%, and the particle size is 200-250 meshes.
Further, the metal nitride is selected from any one of titanium nitride and aluminum nitride.
Further, the metal additive is any one of yttrium, cobalt, beryllium and tin.
A production process of high-hardness aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
firstly, calculating the consumption of each raw material required for producing the high-hardness aluminum alloy, preparing each raw material according to the proportion, and then respectively placing the prepared raw materials into ultrasonic vibration equipment for vibration filtration for 30-40 min; wherein, in the vibration filtration process, each raw material is washed under high pressure by absolute ethyl alcohol while vibrating;
step two, putting Zn, cu, ni, al, mg into a smelting furnace, smelting at 720-760 ℃ until the aluminum alloy raw material is completely melted, and then carrying out electromagnetic stirring; the temperature of a smelting furnace is reduced to 690-720 ℃, smelting auxiliary agents and the rest raw materials are added into the smelting furnace while electromagnetic stirring, the temperature is adjusted to 750-780 ℃ after heat preservation treatment for 5-10 min, heat preservation treatment is carried out for 10-20 min at the temperature, and the obtained first molten liquid is kept stand for 10-15 min;
step three, introducing nitrogen into the first melt after the standing treatment, and removing gas impurities in the first melt through the nitrogen; then, the first melt after removing the gas impurities flows through a launder with a ceramic filter plate to filter the impurities in the first melt, and the obtained second melt is marked; wherein, the ceramic filter plate needs to be baked to remove the moisture on the surface before being used;
casting the second molten liquid by adopting a semi-continuous casting method at the casting temperature of 700-720 ℃ and the casting speed of 20-30 mm/min, and performing solution treatment on the obtained casting at the temperature of 500-550 ℃ for 20-30 h;
and fifthly, carrying out heat treatment on the aluminum alloy casting obtained in the step four, and then carrying out salt dissolution surface nitriding on the aluminum alloy casting to form a nitriding layer with the thickness of 58-63 mu m on the surface of the aluminum alloy casting, thereby obtaining a high-hardness aluminum alloy finished product.
Further, the weight ratio of the smelting auxiliary agent in the first molten liquid is 0.25-0.43%, and the smelting auxiliary agent is prepared by mixing 0.8-1.2 parts of fluorite powder, 3.8-4.5 parts of azure stone powder, 10-15 parts of potassium fluoroaluminate, 12-15 parts of sodium chloride, 8-12 parts of potassium chloride, 25-32 parts of magnesium chloride, 0.7-1.0 part of cerium oxide and 0.25-0.35 part of titanium hydride powder according to parts by weight.
Further, the particle size of the fluorite powder, the celestite powder, the potassium fluoroaluminate, the sodium chloride, the potassium chloride and the magnesium chloride is 80-120 meshes, the particle size of the cerium oxide is 300-350 meshes, and the particle size of the titanium hydride is 320-350 meshes.
Further, placing the aluminum alloy casting in a heat treatment furnace, heating to 500-530 ℃ at a heating rate of 60-90 ℃/h, and carrying out heat preservation treatment for 8-12 h at the temperature; then quenching the aluminum alloy casting, and after quenching, heating the aluminum alloy casting to keep the temperature at 140-170 ℃ for 2-3 h.
Further, during quenching, the aluminum alloy casting is immersed in water to cool the aluminum alloy casting to 170-190 ℃ within 5 min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, al, si, ti, mn, zn, mg, B, cd, cu, rare earth elements, inorganic powder, metal nitride and the like are used as materials for preparing the aluminum alloy, wherein the use of Si element can effectively enhance the wear resistance and mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy; the use of Ti element has the function of grain refinement, and effectively improves the mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy. The rare earth element and the smelting auxiliary agent are matched for use, so that the aluminum alloy refining can be well promoted, the inclusion morphology can be effectively improved, the grain boundary is purified, the solid-liquid phase line temperature difference is reduced, the pasty solidification tendency of the alloy is reduced, and the surface tension of an alloy melt is reduced. Meanwhile, the rare earth elements and the smelting auxiliary agent cooperate with each other, so that gas impurities and solid impurities in the aluminum alloy melt can be effectively taken out, a good refining effect is achieved, and the mechanical properties and mechanical properties of the prepared aluminum alloy are effectively ensured.
In addition, the graphene and the metal nitride are added, so that the wear resistance of the aluminum alloy product can be effectively enhanced, the toughness of the aluminum alloy can be effectively improved, the stress corrosion cracking sensitivity of the aluminum alloy is reduced, and the service life of the aluminum alloy product is effectively prolonged to a certain extent. Finally, the hardness and corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy product are further enhanced after nitriding treatment, and the quality and performance of the aluminum alloy product are effectively improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The high-hardness aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: si:0.35%, ti:0.07%, mn:0.45%, zn:7.3%, mg:3.0%, B:0.06%, cd:0.25%, cu:2.6%, cr:0.22%, li:0.05%, ni:0.58%, mo:0.06%, V:0.1%, sc:0.2%, graphene: 0.68%, titanium nitride: 0.23%, yttrium metal: 0.05%, the balance Al and unavoidable impurities; wherein the fixed carbon content in the graphene is 99.6%, and the particle size is 200 meshes.
A production process of high-hardness aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
firstly, calculating the consumption of each raw material required for producing the high-hardness aluminum alloy, preparing each raw material according to the proportion, and then respectively placing the prepared raw materials into ultrasonic vibration equipment for vibration filtration for 30min; wherein, in the vibration filtration process, each raw material is washed under high pressure by absolute ethyl alcohol while vibrating;
step two, putting Zn, cu, ni, al, mg into a smelting furnace, smelting at 720 ℃ until the aluminum alloy raw material is completely melted, and then carrying out electromagnetic stirring; the temperature of a smelting furnace is reduced to 690 ℃, smelting auxiliary agents and the rest raw materials are added into the smelting furnace while electromagnetic stirring, the temperature is adjusted to 750 ℃ after heat preservation treatment is carried out for 5min, heat preservation treatment is carried out for 10min at the temperature, and the obtained first melt is kept stand for 10min;
step three, introducing nitrogen into the first melt after the standing treatment, and removing gas impurities in the first melt through the nitrogen; then, the first melt after removing the gas impurities flows through a launder with a ceramic filter plate to filter the impurities in the first melt, and the obtained second melt is marked; wherein, the ceramic filter plate needs to be baked to remove the moisture on the surface before being used;
casting the second molten liquid by adopting a semi-continuous casting method at the casting temperature of 700 ℃ and the casting speed of 20mm/min, and performing solution treatment on the obtained casting at the temperature of 500 ℃ for 20 hours;
step five, carrying out heat treatment on the aluminum alloy casting obtained in the step four, and then carrying out salt dissolution surface nitriding on the aluminum alloy casting to form a nitriding layer with the thickness of 58 mu m on the surface of the aluminum alloy casting, thereby obtaining a high-hardness aluminum alloy finished product; placing the aluminum alloy casting in a heat treatment furnace, and heating the aluminum alloy casting to 500 ℃ at a heating rate of 60 ℃/h, and carrying out heat preservation treatment for 8h at the temperature; then quenching the aluminum alloy casting, and after quenching is finished, heating the aluminum alloy casting to keep the temperature at 140 ℃ for 2 hours; during quenching, the aluminum alloy casting is immersed in water to cool to 170 ℃ within 5 min.
The weight ratio of the smelting auxiliary agent in the first melt is 0.25%, and the smelting auxiliary agent is prepared by mixing 0.8 part of fluorite powder, 3.8 parts of celestite powder, 10 parts of potassium fluoroaluminate, 12 parts of sodium chloride, 8 parts of potassium chloride, 25 parts of magnesium chloride, 0.7 part of cerium oxide and 0.25 part of titanium hydride powder; the particle sizes of the fluorite powder, the celestite powder, the potassium fluoroaluminate, the sodium chloride, the potassium chloride and the magnesium chloride are all 80 meshes, the particle size of the cerium oxide is 300 meshes, and the particle size of the titanium hydride is 320 meshes.
Example 2
The production process of the high-hardness aluminum alloy in the embodiment is basically the same as that of the embodiment 1, and the difference between the production process and the embodiment is that the specific proportion of the raw materials and the specific composition of the smelting auxiliary agent are different, and the specific proportion of the raw materials and the specific composition of the smelting auxiliary agent in the embodiment are as follows:
si:0.4%, ti:0.1%, mn:0.55%, zn:8.2%, mg:3.2%, B:0.12%, cd:0.35%, cu:3.0%, cr:0.26%, li:0.08%, ni:0.65%, mo:0.1%, V:0.12%, la:0.25% of graphene: 0.78%, aluminum nitride: 0.3 percent of metallic cobalt: 0.08%, the balance Al and unavoidable impurities; wherein the fixed carbon content in the graphene is 99.65%, and the particle size is 230 meshes.
The weight ratio of the smelting auxiliary agent in the first melt is 0.38%, and the smelting auxiliary agent is prepared by mixing 1.0 part of fluorite powder, 4.2 parts of celestite powder, 13 parts of potassium fluoroaluminate, 14 parts of sodium chloride, 10 parts of potassium chloride, 30 parts of magnesium chloride, 0.9 part of cerium oxide and 0.3 part of titanium hydride powder; the particle sizes of the fluorite powder, the celestite powder, the potassium fluoroaluminate, the sodium chloride, the potassium chloride and the magnesium chloride are all 100 meshes, the particle size of cerium oxide is 320 meshes, and the particle size of titanium hydride is 330 meshes.
Example 3
The production process of the high-hardness aluminum alloy in the embodiment is basically the same as that of the embodiment 1, and the difference between the production process and the embodiment is that the specific proportion of the raw materials and the specific composition of the smelting auxiliary agent are different, and the specific proportion of the raw materials and the specific composition of the smelting auxiliary agent in the embodiment are as follows:
si:0.45%, ti:0.12%, mn:0.68%, zn:8.9%, mg:3.5%, B:0.18%, cd:0.42%, cu:3.3%, cr:0.30%, li:0.1%, ni:0.75%, mo:0.12%, V:0.15%, pr:0.28%, graphene: 0.85 percent of titanium nitride: 0.38%, metallic beryllium: 0.1%, the balance Al and unavoidable impurities; and the fixed carbon content in the graphene is 99.7%, and the particle size is 250 meshes.
The weight ratio of the smelting auxiliary agent in the first melt is 0.43%, and the smelting auxiliary agent is prepared by mixing 1.2 parts of fluorite powder, 4.5 parts of celestite powder, 15 parts of potassium fluoroaluminate, 15 parts of sodium chloride, 12 parts of potassium chloride, 32 parts of magnesium chloride, 1.0 part of cerium oxide and 0.35 part of titanium hydride powder; the particle sizes of the fluorite powder, the celestite powder, the potassium fluoroaluminate, the sodium chloride, the potassium chloride and the magnesium chloride are all 120 meshes, the particle size of the cerium oxide is 350 meshes, and the particle size of the titanium hydride is 350 meshes.
Comparative example 1 differs from example 1 in that: the novel smelting auxiliary agent used in the embodiment only contains sodium chloride, potassium chloride and magnesium chloride, and the dosage ratio of the three is the same as that of the original smelting auxiliary agent; the amount of the new smelting auxiliary used in this example was equal to that used in example 1.
Comparative example 2 differs from example 1 in that: in this example, no inorganic powder was used.
Comparative example 3 differs from example 1 in that: no metal nitride is used in this embodiment.
Comparative example 4 differs from example 1 in that: in this example, nitriding treatment was not performed on the aluminum alloy castings.
Performance test: the properties of the high hardness aluminum alloys provided in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 4, which were equivalent, were examined, respectively, and the experimental data obtained were recorded in the following table:
note that: the data in the table are all rounded.
As can be seen by comparing and analyzing the related data in the table, the aluminum alloy produced by the invention not only has better wear resistance, but also has excellent toughness and cracking resistance sensitivity, and the service life of the aluminum alloy product is effectively prolonged to a certain extent; in addition, the hardness and corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy product are further enhanced after nitriding treatment, and the quality and performance of the aluminum alloy product are effectively improved. Therefore, the high-hardness aluminum alloy and the production process thereof provided by the invention have wider market prospect and are more suitable for popularization.
In the description of the present specification, the descriptions of the terms "one embodiment," "example," "specific example," and the like, mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended only to assist in the explanation of the invention. The preferred embodiments are not exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and the full scope and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. The high-hardness aluminum alloy is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: si:0.35 to 0.45 percent of Ti:0.07 to 0.12 percent of Mn:0.45 to 0.68 percent of Zn:7.3 to 8.9 percent of Mg:3.0 to 3.5 percent, B: 0.06-0.18%, cd:0.25 to 0.42 percent of Cu:2.6 to 3.3 percent of Cr:0.22 to 0.30 percent of Li:0.05 to 0.1 percent of Ni:0.58 to 0.75 percent of Mo: 0.06-0.12%, V:0.1 to 0.15 percent of rare earth elements: 0.2 to 0.28 percent of inorganic powder: 0.68 to 0.85 percent of metal nitride: 0.23 to 0.38 percent of metal additive: 0.05 to 0.1 percent, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurities.
2. The high hardness aluminum alloy as recited in claim 1, wherein: any one or a combination of a plurality of Sc, la, pr, nd is selected as the rare earth element.
3. The high hardness aluminum alloy as recited in claim 1, wherein: the inorganic powder is graphene, the fixed carbon content in the graphene is more than or equal to 99.6%, and the particle size is 200-250 meshes.
4. The high hardness aluminum alloy as recited in claim 1, wherein: the metal nitride is selected from any one of titanium nitride and aluminum nitride.
5. The high hardness aluminum alloy as recited in claim 1, wherein: the metal additive is any one of yttrium, cobalt, beryllium and tin.
6. The process for producing a high-hardness aluminum alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
firstly, calculating the consumption of each raw material required for producing the high-hardness aluminum alloy, preparing each raw material according to the proportion, and then respectively placing the prepared raw materials into ultrasonic vibration equipment for vibration filtration for 30-40 min; wherein, in the vibration filtration process, each raw material is washed under high pressure by absolute ethyl alcohol while vibrating;
step two, putting Zn, cu, ni, al, mg into a smelting furnace, smelting at 720-760 ℃ until the aluminum alloy raw material is completely melted, and then carrying out electromagnetic stirring; the temperature of a smelting furnace is reduced to 690-720 ℃, smelting auxiliary agents and the rest raw materials are added into the smelting furnace while electromagnetic stirring, the temperature is adjusted to 750-780 ℃ after heat preservation treatment for 5-10 min, heat preservation treatment is carried out for 10-20 min at the temperature, and the obtained first molten liquid is kept stand for 10-15 min;
step three, introducing nitrogen into the first melt after the standing treatment, and removing gas impurities in the first melt through the nitrogen; then, the first melt after removing the gas impurities flows through a launder with a ceramic filter plate to filter the impurities in the first melt, and the obtained second melt is marked; wherein, the ceramic filter plate needs to be baked to remove the moisture on the surface before being used;
casting the second molten liquid by adopting a semi-continuous casting method at the casting temperature of 700-720 ℃ and the casting speed of 20-30 mm/min, and performing solution treatment on the obtained casting at the temperature of 500-550 ℃ for 20-30 h;
and fifthly, carrying out heat treatment on the aluminum alloy casting obtained in the step four, and then carrying out salt dissolution surface nitriding on the aluminum alloy casting to form a nitriding layer with the thickness of 58-63 mu m on the surface of the aluminum alloy casting, thereby obtaining a high-hardness aluminum alloy finished product.
7. The high hardness aluminum alloy as recited in claim 6, wherein: the weight ratio of the smelting auxiliary agent in the first melt is 0.25-0.43%, and the smelting auxiliary agent is prepared by mixing 0.8-1.2 parts of fluorite powder, 3.8-4.5 parts of azure stone powder, 10-15 parts of potassium fluoroaluminate, 12-15 parts of sodium chloride, 8-12 parts of potassium chloride, 25-32 parts of magnesium chloride, 0.7-1.0 part of cerium oxide and 0.25-0.35 part of titanium hydride powder.
8. The high hardness aluminum alloy as recited in claim 7, wherein: the particle sizes of the fluorite powder, the azure stone powder, the potassium fluoroaluminate, the sodium chloride, the potassium chloride and the magnesium chloride are all 80-120 meshes, the particle size of the cerium oxide is 300-350 meshes, and the particle size of the titanium hydride is 320-350 meshes.
9. The high hardness aluminum alloy according to claim 7, wherein the heat treatment process is: placing the aluminum alloy casting into a heat treatment furnace, heating to 500-530 ℃ at a heating rate of 60-90 ℃/h, and carrying out heat preservation treatment for 8-12 h at the temperature; then quenching the aluminum alloy casting, and after quenching, heating the aluminum alloy casting to keep the temperature at 140-170 ℃ for 2-3 h.
10. The high hardness aluminum alloy as recited in claim 9, wherein: during quenching, the aluminum alloy casting is immersed in water and cooled to 170-190 ℃ within 5 min.
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