CN116135136A - Functional near-infrared spectroscopy brain imaging device - Google Patents
Functional near-infrared spectroscopy brain imaging device Download PDFInfo
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- CN116135136A CN116135136A CN202111356576.8A CN202111356576A CN116135136A CN 116135136 A CN116135136 A CN 116135136A CN 202111356576 A CN202111356576 A CN 202111356576A CN 116135136 A CN116135136 A CN 116135136A
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- A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
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- A61B5/004—Features or image-related aspects of imaging apparatus, e.g. for MRI, optical tomography or impedance tomography apparatus; Arrangements of imaging apparatus in a room adapted for image acquisition of a particular organ or body part
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B2576/00—Medical imaging apparatus involving image processing or analysis
- A61B2576/02—Medical imaging apparatus involving image processing or analysis specially adapted for a particular organ or body part
- A61B2576/026—Medical imaging apparatus involving image processing or analysis specially adapted for a particular organ or body part for the brain
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种功能性近红外光谱脑成像设备，其包括：电路板、探测器和光源；所述电路板上配置有多个通道接口，各个所述通道接口包括第一针脚组和第二针脚组，所述第一针脚组用作所述探测器的模拟信号输入端口，所述第二针脚组用作所述光源的电源输出端口。本发明提供的功能性近红外光谱脑成像设备，通过将用作探测器的模拟信号输入端口的第一针脚组和用作光源的电源输出端口的第二针脚组集成到同一个通道接口中，能够实现光源和探测器的接口复用，电路板上的任意一个通道接口均可对接光源或探测器，从而可以实现对通道数的灵活配置。
The invention discloses a functional near-infrared spectrum brain imaging device, which includes: a circuit board, a detector and a light source; multiple channel interfaces are arranged on the circuit board, and each channel interface includes a first pin group and a second pin group. Two pin groups, the first pin group is used as an analog signal input port of the detector, and the second pin group is used as a power output port of the light source. The functional near-infrared spectrum brain imaging device provided by the present invention integrates the first pin group used as the analog signal input port of the detector and the second pin group used as the power output port of the light source into the same channel interface, It can realize the interface multiplexing of light source and detector, and any channel interface on the circuit board can be connected to the light source or detector, so that the flexible configuration of the number of channels can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of brain imaging, in particular to functional near infrared spectrum brain imaging equipment.
Background
The existing functional near infrared spectrum brain imaging equipment cannot be configured in number of channels in hardware. This design, while ensuring stability and ease of operation to some extent, is disadvantageous for portable detection. Because the number of channels, i.e. the number of light sources and detectors, of the detection item for different portable functional near infrared spectral brain imaging devices is not fixed.
Therefore, in view of the above technical problems, it is necessary to provide a new functional near infrared spectrum brain imaging device.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a functional near infrared spectrum brain imaging device which can flexibly configure the number of channels through the arrangement of channel interfaces.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a functional near infrared spectroscopy brain imaging apparatus, comprising: the device comprises a circuit board, a detector and a light source; the circuit board is provided with a plurality of channel interfaces, each channel interface comprises a first pin group and a second pin group, the first pin group is used as an analog signal input port of the detector, and the second pin group is used as a power output port of the light source.
In one or more embodiments, the probe includes a probe head, a signal output connector that mates with the channel interface, and a signal output cable that connects the probe head and the signal output connector, the signal output cable including first and second signal output lines for outputting differential signals.
In one or more embodiments, the first pin group includes a first pin for connecting with the first signal output line and a second pin for connecting with the second signal output line.
In one or more embodiments, the light source includes a plurality of light emitting diodes that share a cathode or a common anode and are capable of emitting infrared light of multiple wavelengths.
In one or more embodiments, the light source further comprises a power connector mated with the channel interface and a power cable connecting the plurality of light emitting diodes and the power connector; the power cable comprises a plurality of power wires which are respectively connected with cathodes and anodes of the light emitting diodes.
In one or more embodiments, the second pin group includes a plurality of pins, where the plurality of pins are used to connect with and correspond to the plurality of power lines one to one.
In one or more embodiments, the circuit board is further configured with a processor, and a constant current driving module, a programmable amplifying module, a first multiplexer and a second multiplexer which are connected with the processor; the first multiplexer is provided with a first control end, a first output end and a plurality of first input ends, wherein the first control end is connected with the processor, the first output end is connected with the programmable amplification module, and the plurality of first input ends are respectively connected with a first pin group of the plurality of channel interfaces; the second multiplexer is provided with a second control end, a second input end and a plurality of second output ends, the second control end is connected with the processor, the second input end is connected with the constant current driving module, and the plurality of second output ends are respectively connected with the second pin groups of the plurality of channel interfaces.
In one or more embodiments, a transmission module is further configured on the circuit board, the transmission module being connected to the processor and configured to interface with an external device.
In one or more embodiments, a power module is also configured on the circuit board, the power module being coupled to the processor and configured to provide power to the circuit board.
In one or more embodiments, the functional near infrared spectral brain imaging device further comprises a channel expansion plate comprising a plate body, a plurality of channel connectors, a plurality of light source interfaces, and a plurality of detector interfaces; the channel connectors are matched with the channel interfaces and are used for being in butt joint with the channel interfaces, and each channel connector is connected with one light source interface and one detector interface.
Compared with the prior art, the functional near infrared spectrum brain imaging device provided by the invention can realize the interface multiplexing of the light source and the detector by integrating the first pin group serving as the analog signal input port of the detector and the second pin group serving as the power output port of the light source into the same channel interface, and any one channel interface on the circuit board can be in butt joint with the light source or the detector, so that the flexible configuration of the channel number can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a circuit board according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a channel interface according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a detector in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a light source according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of an expansion board according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The main reference numerals illustrate:
the circuit board comprises a circuit board body, an 11-channel interface, a 111-first pin group, a 112-second pin group, a 12-processor, a 13-constant current driving module, a 14-programmable amplifying module, a 15-first multiplexer, a 16-second multiplexer, a 17-transmission module, an 18-power module, a 2-detector, a 21-detector head, a 22-signal output connector, a 23-signal output cable, a 3-light source, a 31-light emitting diode, a 32-power cable, a 33-power connector, a 4-channel expansion board, a 41-board body, a 42-detector interface and a 43-light source interface.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is, therefore, to be taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
Throughout the specification and claims, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the term "comprise" or variations thereof such as "comprises" or "comprising", etc. will be understood to include the stated element or component without excluding other elements or components.
Functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a brain function imaging technique that uses the good transmission and scattering properties of near infrared light to brain tissue to noninvasively and continuously detect brain oxygenation levels. In 1977, NIRS technology was first proposed; in 1988, delpy et al proposed a mathematical method of NIRS signal and relative oxygenation level by light scattering, systematically demonstrating for the first time the relationship of NIRS signal to cerebral blood oxygen concentration; in 1993, four groups independently demonstrated the feasibility of fmirs for non-invasive brain activity studies. Today, fNIRS has become an important research tool into the fields of neuroscience and cognitive sciences. Numerous research cases suggest that fNIRS is a reliable technique for monitoring brain activity. Can be a good alternative or complementary solution to other brain function imaging techniques, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET).
Compared with brain function imaging technologies such as fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging) or PET (positron emission tomography), fmirs has the advantage of portable detection, i.e., high ecological efficiency. This enables brain activity detection in more realistic conditions, such as office, natural dialogue, entertainment, etc. scenarios. However, most commercial fnrs devices are so far stationary or desk-top and are very expensive, losing the high ecological benefits of the fnrs technology. On the one hand, the huge design of commercial equipment is closely related to the high voltage, high heat dissipation efficiency, high precision and the connection mode of optical fibers of high-precision sensors such as lasers, avalanche diodes and the like. But new technologies have been developed to date that can make fNIRS devices more compact, secure and portable with similar accuracy. Furthermore, most commercial fNIRS devices are not configured in hardware for the number of channels ((combination of light source 3+ detector 2 modules)). This design ensures stability and ease of handling to some extent, but is disadvantageous for portable detection. Because the number of channels, i.e. the number of light sources 3 and detectors 2, for different portable fNIRS detection items is not fixed.
To this end, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, there is provided a functional near infrared spectrum brain imaging device according to an embodiment of the present invention, including: a circuit board 1, a detector 2 and a light source 3.
The circuit board 1 is provided with a plurality of channel interfaces 11, and each channel interface 11 includes a first pin group 111 and a second pin group 112. Wherein the first pin set 111 is used as an analog signal input port of the detector 2 and the second pin set 112 is used as a power output port of the light source 3.
The number of the channel interfaces 11 is not particularly limited in the present invention, and may be configured according to actual needs. In general, the total number of light sources 3 and detectors 2 required for fnrs imaging of a single brain is about 10-60, the number of interfaces required for different applications varies greatly, and if 60 interfaces are configured, the portability of the entire system is affected, and if only 10 interfaces are configured, the applicability of the system is affected. For this purpose, 30 interfaces may be provided on the circuit board 1 in advance.
In this embodiment, by integrating the first pin group 111 and the second pin group 112 into the same channel interface 11, the interface multiplexing of the light source 3 and the detector 2 can be realized, any channel interface 11 on the circuit board 1 can be connected with the light source 3 or the detector 2, and whether the light source 3 or the detector 2 is connected or not can be judged by the electric potentials of the first pin group 111 and the second pin group 112, so that the flexible configuration of the channel number can be realized.
In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the probe 2 includes a probe head 21, a signal output connector 22, and a signal output cable 23, the signal output connector 22 being mated to the channel interface 11, the signal output cable 23 connecting the probe head 21 and the signal output connector 22, the signal output cable 23 including a first signal output line and a second signal output line for outputting differential signals.
The first pin group 111 includes a first pin for connecting with the first signal output line and a second pin for connecting with the second signal output line. The signal output connector 22 is formed with a jack matching with the first pin and the second pin, and when the signal output connector 22 is in butt joint with the channel interface 11, the first pin and the second pin can be inserted into the jack of the signal output connector 22, so that the butt joint of the first pin and the second pin with the first signal output line and the second signal output line is realized.
In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the light source 3 includes a plurality of light emitting diodes 31, and the plurality of light emitting diodes 31 share a cathode or a common anode and are capable of emitting infrared light of a plurality of wavelengths. The light source 3 further comprises a power connector 33 matched with the channel interface 11, and a power cable 32 connecting the plurality of light emitting diodes 31 and the power connector 33; the power cable 32 includes a plurality of power lines connected to cathodes and anodes of the plurality of light emitting diodes 31, respectively. The single-pass light source 3 of fnigs requires at least two infrared light emitting diodes 31 of different wavelengths, such as 760nm and 850nm light emitting diodes 31, which form the light source 3 in a common anode or common cathode manner. Thus, at least three power lines are required for each light source 3, one of which is connected to the common anode or the common cathode.
The second pin group 112 includes a plurality of pins, and the plurality of pins are used for being connected with the plurality of power lines and are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of power lines. The number of pins in the second pin group 112 is determined by the number of leds 31 in the light source 3, and the number of pins in the second pin group 112 is one more (as a connection terminal of a common cathode or a common anode) than the number of leds 31 in the light source 3.
In this embodiment, the specific number of pins in the first pin group 111 and the second pin group 112 is not limited, and may be configured according to actual needs. For example, when each channel interface 11 needs to interface with multiple groups of light sources 3 or multiple groups of detectors 2, the number of pins in the first pin group 111 and the second pin group 112 may be increased accordingly.
In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the circuit board 1 is further configured with a processor 12, and a constant current driving module 13, a programmable amplifying module 14, a first multiplexer 15, and a second multiplexer 16 connected to the processor 12.
The first multiplexer 15 has a first control end, a first output end and a plurality of first input ends, the first control end is connected with the processor 12, the first output end is connected with the programmable amplifying module 14, and the plurality of first input ends are respectively connected with the first pin groups 111 of the plurality of channel interfaces 11;
the second multiplexer 16 has a second control terminal, a second input terminal and a plurality of second output terminals, the second control terminal is connected to the processor 12, the second input terminal is connected to the constant current driving module 13, and the plurality of second output terminals are respectively connected to the second pin groups 112 of the plurality of channel interfaces 11.
In an exemplary embodiment, the circuit board 1 is further provided with a transmission module 17, and the transmission module 17 is connected to the processor 12 and is used for interfacing with an external device to enable communication with the external device. The circuit board 1 is further provided with a power module 18, and the power module 18 is connected to the processor 12 and is used for providing power to the circuit board 1.
In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the functional near infrared spectrum brain imaging device further includes a channel expansion board 4, and the channel expansion board 4 includes a board body 41, a plurality of channel connectors, a plurality of light source interfaces 43, and a plurality of detector interfaces 42. The channel connectors are matched to the channel interface 11 and are used for interfacing with the channel interface 11, each channel connector being connected to a light source interface 43 and a detector interface 42. The channel connector is located on the back side of the board 41, and the light source interface 43 and the detector interface 42 are located on the front side of the board 41. The channel expansion board 4 can expand the total interface number, and is adapted to the fnrs detection project requiring more channels.
In summary, according to the functional near infrared spectrum brain imaging device provided by the invention, the first pin group 111 serving as the analog signal input port of the detector 2 and the second pin group 112 serving as the power output port of the light source 3 are integrated into the same channel interface 11, so that the interface multiplexing of the light source 3 and the detector 2 can be realized, and any one channel interface 11 on the circuit board 1 can be abutted to the light source 3 or the detector 2, so that flexible configuration of the channel number can be realized.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention are presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the invention and its practical application to thereby enable one skilled in the art to make and utilize the invention in various exemplary embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
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