CN116111337A - A reconfigurable reflectarray antenna with adjustable polarization and scannable beam - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a reconfigurable reflectarray antenna with adjustable polarization and scannable beams. On the basis of a reconfigurable reflectarray antenna with dual circular polarization independent dynamic scanning, the dual circularly polarized beams are directed to the same direction and By superposition, linearly polarized beams can be synthesized. Furthermore, it is proposed that by adjusting the reference phase constant of the mouth surface, the phase difference of the dual circularly polarized beams can be changed to control the polarization direction of the linearly polarized beams. Arbitrary linear polarizations of directions can be generated using this method and dynamic beam scanning can be achieved. A 1-bit dual circularly polarized reconfigurable reflectarray of 16*16 is taken as an example to verify this method. On the basis of beam dynamic scanning, the generation and dynamic switching of arbitrary linear polarization are realized. The technology proposed by the invention can solve the problem of polarization mismatch in satellite communication, and has wide application prospects in satellite communication, ground communication and other fields.

Description

A reconfigurable reflectarray antenna with adjustable polarization and scannable beam

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of antenna engineering, in particular to a reconfigurable reflectarray antenna with adjustable polarization and scannable beams.

Background technique

In wireless communication, antenna is an essential energy transmitting and receiving device. High-gain antennas can focus energy and increase channel capacity. High-gain antennas that can dynamically scan beams play an important role in key fields such as mobile communications, satellite communications, and communications in motion. In recent years, reconfigurable reflectarray antennas have been used more and more due to their low cost and high gain. The generation of linearly polarized beams is relatively simple, and is widely adopted in mobile communications and satellite communications. However, as the terminal or satellite moves and rotates, the direction of linear polarization rotates accordingly. In order to achieve the highest efficiency, usually the transmitting or receiving end will perform polarization tracking, so that the transmitting and receiving polarizations match. The commonly used polarization tracking method is through mechanical rotation, but this requires a complex servo system and high cost, and the polarization switching speed is also very slow.

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.

In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art that the linear polarization is difficult to match, the cost of the mechanical servo system is high, the switching speed is slow, and the polarization and the beam are difficult to be dynamically switched at the same time, the present invention proposes a reproducible laser with adjustable polarization and scannable beam. Constructing a reflectarray antenna. The purpose is to generate reconfigurable beams with arbitrary linear polarization through electronic control, which can solve the problem of polarization mismatch in satellite communications, and has broad application prospects in satellite communications, ground communications and other fields.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention proposes a reconfigurable reflectarray antenna with adjustable polarization and scannable beam, which includes a linearly polarized feed horn and a reconfigurable array, wherein,

The reconfigurable array includes a plurality of reconfigurable reflectarray antenna units periodically arranged at equal intervals;

The reconfigurable reflectarray antenna unit includes a dielectric plate, a radiating device, and a metal reflector, and the dielectric plate is located between the radiating device and the metal reflector;

The radiating devices include passive radiating structures and reconfigurable devices;

The reconfigurable device is used to independently control the state of each reconfigurable device through a control line, so as to control the radiation phase of the reconfigurable reflectarray antenna unit.

The reconfigurable reflectarray antenna with adjustable polarization and scannable beams implemented in the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

Further, the state of the reconfigurable reflectarray antenna unit is used to independently respond to left-hand circular polarization and right-hand circular polarization incident electromagnetic waves; for the left-hand circular polarization and right-hand circular polarization incident electromagnetic waves, respectively at least There are two reflection phases where the two states are 180 degrees out of phase.

Further, the reconfigurable array is used for independently phase-shifting and reflecting the left-hand circularly polarized and right-hand circularly polarized incident electromagnetic waves of the same frequency to obtain two independent high-gain circularly polarized beams.

Further, by changing the state of the reconfigurable array, independent beam scanning is performed on the left-hand circularly polarized and right-hand circularly polarized reflected waves.

Further, the state of the reconfigurable reflectarray antenna unit directs the two reflected waves of the left-handed circular polarization and the right-handed circular polarization to the same direction; the polarization in the same direction is based on the left-handed circular polarization linear polarization and right-handed circular polarization.

Further, by changing the reference phase constant of the reconfigurable reflectarray antenna unit, the corresponding beam phase is changed.

Further, for the left-handed circularly polarized and right-handed circularly polarized beams of the same direction, it is used to independently change the reference phase constant and change the phase difference of the two handed beams, so as to change the polarity of the linear polarization orientation.

Further, by independently scanning the direction of the beam, and independently changing the polarization direction of the linear polarization.

The reconfigurable reflectarray antenna with adjustable polarization and scannable beam in the embodiment of the present invention can solve the problem of polarization mismatch in satellite communication, and has wide application prospects in satellite communication, ground communication and other fields.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Description of drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easy to understand from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a dual circularly polarized reconfigurable reflectarray of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram of linear polarization by dual circular polarization synthesis of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the simulation verification result of adjusting the phase of the far-field beam by adjusting the phase constant of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of changing the dual circular polarization synthetic linear polarization direction by adjusting the phase constant of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the far-field pattern at 0-degree beam pointing time when synthesizing 90-degree vertical linear polarization according to the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the far-field pattern at 0-degree beam pointing time when synthesizing 0-degree horizontal line polarization according to the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the far-field pattern at 0-degree beam pointing when the present invention synthesizes 45-degree linear polarization;

Fig. 8 is a far-field pattern at -15-degree beam pointing when synthesizing 45-degree linear polarization according to the present invention.

Detailed ways

It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only It is an embodiment of a part of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The following describes the reconfigurable reflectarray antenna with adjustable polarization and scannable beam according to the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figure 1, based on the reconfigurable reflectarray antenna with dual circular polarization independent dynamic scanning, the dual circular polarization beams are pointed in the same direction and superimposed to synthesize linearly polarized beams. It includes a linearly polarized feed horn 1 and a reconfigurable array 4, the reconfigurable array 4 includes M×N reconfigurable reflectarray antenna units 5 periodically arranged at equal intervals, and both M and N are integers greater than 2; The reconfigurable reflectarray antenna unit 5 includes a dielectric plate, a radiation device, and a metal reflector, and the medium is between the radiation device and the metal reflector; the radiation device includes a passive radiation structure and a reconfigurable device; the reconfigurable device can be controlled by The state of each reconfigurable device is independently controlled to control the radiation phase of the reconfigurable reflectarray antenna unit 5 .

Further, the reconfigurable reflectarray antenna unit 5 has at least four states, which can independently respond to left-hand circular polarization and right-hand circular polarization incident electromagnetic waves respectively. For left-handed circularly polarized waves, there are at least two reflection phases, where the phase difference between the two states is 180 degrees; for right-handed circularly polarized waves, there are at least two reflection phases, where the phase difference between the two states is 180 degrees .

Further, the reconfigurable array 4 can independently phase-shift and reflect the left-hand circularly polarized and right-hand circularly polarized incident waves of the same frequency to form two independent high-gain circularly polarized beams. By changing the state of the reconfigurable array 4 , independent beam scanning can be performed on the reflected waves of the two directions of rotation.

Furthermore, by controlling the states of all units on the array, the two reflected waves can be directed in the same direction. Since left-handed circular polarization and right-handed circular polarization can synthesize linear polarization, the polarization in this direction is linear polarization.

Further, uniformly changing the reference phase constants of the reconfigurable reflectarray antenna units 5 will not affect the beam pointing, but will change the beam phase. For the above-mentioned left-handed circularly polarized and right-handed circularly polarized beams of the same direction, the reference phase constant can be changed independently to change the phase difference of the two handed beams, thereby changing the polarization direction of the synthesized linear polarization.

Furthermore, it is possible to independently scan the direction of the beam and change the polarization direction of the linear polarization independently.

Specifically, the dual circularly polarized reconfigurable reflectarray of the present invention is shown in FIG. 1 . It includes a linearly polarized feed horn 1 , and transmits a linearly polarized electromagnetic wave 2 into a reconfigurable array 4 . The reconfigurable array is integrated with M×N reconfigurable reflectarray antenna units 5 periodically arranged at equal intervals. The reflective unit can independently respond to two circular polarizations and perform at least 1-bit phase adjustment for each circular polarization. The incident linearly polarized electromagnetic wave 2 can be decomposed into two circularly polarized electromagnetic waves. After the adjustment of the reconfigurable array, two high-gain beams can be formed. By controlling the state of each unit, the beam pointing can be changed to achieve two circular polarization reconfigurable.

Further, the antenna line of the reconfigurable reflectarray also includes reflected line polarized electromagnetic wave 3 .

As shown in Figure 2, the left figure represents that the dual circularly polarized reconfigurable reflectarray can independently respond to two circularly polarized beams with different rotation directions, and scan the beams for the two circularly polarized beams. As shown in Figure 2, if two circularly polarized incident electromagnetic waves with different hand directions come from the same direction, they can be synthesized into one linearly polarized incident wave; if two circularly polarized reflected beams with different hand directions are aligned to a direction, its energy is approximately equal, so in this direction, two circular polarizations can be synthesized into a linearly polarized electromagnetic wave. Further, as shown in the right figure of Fig. 2, by adjusting the relative phase of the two circular polarizations, the adjustment of the linear polarization direction can be realized at the position where the beam is pointed.

The way to control the absolute phase of a single beam is to change the reference phase constant of the array unit. Wherein, changing the phase constant will not change the beam pointing, and will basically not affect the gain. As shown in Figure 3, a 16*16 array is selected as an example for verification. By changing the phase constant, the far-field beam phase can be changed almost linearly.

For two circular polarizations, the relative phase difference can be adjusted by the phase constant. As shown in Figure 4, if the phase constant of the right-handed circular polarization is fixed, as an example, the beam phase of the left-handed circular polarization is changed. It can be seen that when the relative phase difference is 0 degrees, two circular polarizations can synthesize vertical polarization; when the relative phase difference is 180 degrees, two circular polarizations can synthesize horizontal polarization; when the relative phase difference is 90 2 degrees, two circular polarizations can be synthesized into 45 degrees polarization... The linear polarization direction can be adjusted by changing the phase difference of the double circular polarizations.

Further, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 verify the technical idea of the present invention through simulation examples, that is, the polarization can be adjusted, and the beam can be scanned. Fig. 5 is the far-field pattern when the beam is directed at 0 degrees and the vertical linear polarization is synthesized at 90 degrees. At this time, the phase difference between the two circular polarizations is 0 degrees, and there is no horizontal cross polarization. Fig. 6 is a far-field pattern when the beam is directed to 0 degrees and the horizontal line polarization of 0 degrees is synthesized. At this time, the phase difference between the two circular polarizations is 180 degrees, and there is no vertical cross polarization. Fig. 7 is the far-field pattern when the beam is directed at 0 degrees and the 45-degree linear polarization is synthesized. At this time, the circular polarization phase difference is selected as 90 degrees. The main polarization is 45° linear polarization, and the cross polarization is -45° linear polarization. The low level of cross-polarization verifies that linear polarization directions can be independently reconfigurable.

Furthermore, Figure 8 takes -15° beam scanning as an example to further verify the beam scanning performance when the polarization can be reconfigured. It can be seen that the beam points to -15°, and at the same time, the main polarization direction is 45° level is very low. This verifies that the beam pointing can be scanned.

The reconfigurable reflectarray antenna with adjustable polarization and scannable beams according to the embodiments of the present invention can solve the problem of polarization mismatch in wireless communication. By means of electronic control, beam scanning and polarization scanning are carried out at the same time, so that the beams are aligned and the polarization is matched. It is suitable for both ground communication and satellite communication, and has high market application potential.

It should be noted that the computer-readable medium mentioned above in the present disclosure may be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium or any combination of the two. A computer readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, device, or device, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to, electrical connections with one or more wires, portable computer diskettes, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable Programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the above. In the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that contains or stores a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. In the present disclosure, however, a computer-readable signal medium may include a data signal propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave carrying computer-readable program code therein. Such propagated data signals may take many forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. A computer-readable signal medium may also be any computer-readable medium other than a computer-readable storage medium, which can transmit, propagate, or transmit a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device . Program code embodied on a computer readable medium may be transmitted by any appropriate medium, including but not limited to wires, optical cables, RF (radio frequency), etc., or any suitable combination of the above.

The above-mentioned computer-readable medium may be included in the above-mentioned electronic device, or may exist independently without being incorporated into the electronic device. The above-mentioned computer-readable medium carries one or more programs, and when the above-mentioned one or more programs are executed by the electronic device, the electronic device is made to execute the method for measuring sediment content in flowing water according to the above-mentioned embodiment.

Computer program code for carrying out the operations of the present disclosure can be written in one or more programming languages, or combinations thereof, including object-oriented programming languages—such as Java, Smalltalk, C++, and conventional Procedural Programming Language - such as "C" or a similar programming language. The program code may execute entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or server. In cases involving a remote computer, the remote computer can be connected to the user computer through any kind of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or it can be connected to an external computer (such as through an Internet service provider). Internet connection).

In the description of this specification, descriptions referring to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific examples", or "some examples" mean that specific features described in connection with the embodiment or example , structure, material or characteristic is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification without conflicting with each other.

In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of these features. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

Any process or method descriptions in flowcharts or otherwise described herein may be understood to represent modules, segments or portions of code comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing specific logical functions or steps of the process , and the scope of preferred embodiments of the present application includes additional implementations in which functions may be performed out of the order shown or discussed, including in substantially simultaneous fashion or in reverse order depending on the functions involved, which shall It should be understood by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments of the present application belong.

The logic and/or steps represented in the flowcharts or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a sequenced listing of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, can be embodied in any computer-readable medium, For use with instruction execution systems, devices, or devices (such as computer-based systems, systems including processors, or other systems that can fetch instructions from instruction execution systems, devices, or devices and execute instructions), or in conjunction with these instruction execution systems, devices or equipment used. For the purposes of this specification, a "computer-readable medium" may be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate or transmit a program for use in or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, device or device. More specific examples (non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable media include the following: electrical connection with one or more wires (electronic device), portable computer disk case (magnetic device), random access memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Erasable and Editable Read Only Memory (EPROM or Flash Memory), Fiber Optic Devices, and Portable Compact Disc Read Only Memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program may be printed, as it may be possible, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium, followed by editing, interpretation or other suitable means if necessary. Processing to obtain programs electronically and store them in computer memory.

It should be understood that each part of the present application may be realized by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the embodiments described above, various steps or methods may be implemented by software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one or combination of the following techniques known in the art: Discrete logic circuits, ASICs with suitable combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.

Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the steps carried by the methods of the above embodiments can be completed by instructing related hardware through a program, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. During execution, one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments is included.

In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, each unit may exist separately physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one module. The above-mentioned integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software function modules. If the integrated modules are realized in the form of software function modules and sold or used as independent products, they can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

The storage medium mentioned above may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and the like. Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limitations on the present application, and those skilled in the art can make the above-mentioned The embodiments are subject to changes, modifications, substitutions and variations.

Claims (8)

1. A reconfigurable reflectarray antenna with adjustable polarization and beam scanning is characterized in that it includes a linearly polarized feed horn and a reconfigurable array, wherein, The reconfigurable array includes a plurality of reconfigurable reflectarray antenna units periodically arranged at equal intervals; The reconfigurable reflectarray antenna unit includes a dielectric plate, a radiating device, and a metal reflector, and the dielectric plate is located between the radiating device and the metal reflector; The radiating devices include passive radiating structures and reconfigurable devices; The reconfigurable device is used to independently control the state of each reconfigurable device through a control line, so as to control the radiation phase of the reconfigurable reflectarray antenna unit. 2. The reconfigurable reflectarray antenna according to claim 1, wherein the state of the reconfigurable reflectarray antenna unit is used to independently respond to left-handed circular polarization and right-handed circular polarization incident electromagnetic waves; for The left-hand circular polarization and the right-hand circular polarization incident electromagnetic waves have at least two reflection phases respectively, and the phase difference between the two states is 180 degrees. 3. The reconfigurable reflectarray antenna according to claim 2, wherein the reconfigurable array is used for independently phase-shifting the same-frequency incident electromagnetic waves of left-handed circular polarization and right-handed circular polarization reflection, two independent high-gain circularly polarized beams are obtained. 4. The reconfigurable reflectarray antenna according to claim 3, by changing the state of the reconfigurable array, independent beam scanning is performed on the left-hand circularly polarized and right-hand circularly polarized reflected waves. 5. The reconfigurable reflectarray antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, the state of the reconfigurable reflectarray antenna unit is to reflect two reflections of the left-handed circular polarization and the right-handed circular polarization The waves point in the same direction; the polarization in the same direction is linear polarization based on left-handed circular polarization and right-handed circular polarization. 6. The reconfigurable reflectarray antenna according to claim 5, wherein the corresponding beam phase is changed by changing the reference phase constant of the reconfigurable reflectarray antenna unit. 7. The reconfigurable reflectarray antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that, for the beams of left-handed circular polarization and right-handed circular polarization of the same direction, it is used to independently change the reference phase constant and change two The phase difference of the steered beam is to change the polarization direction of the linear polarization. 8 . The reconfigurable reflectarray antenna according to claim 7 , wherein the polarization direction of the linear polarization is independently changed by independently scanning the direction of the beam.

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