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CN116100906A - 一种易安装减音地板及制备方法 - Google Patents

一种易安装减音地板及制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116100906A
CN116100906A CN202211339144.0A CN202211339144A CN116100906A CN 116100906 A CN116100906 A CN 116100906A CN 202211339144 A CN202211339144 A CN 202211339144A CN 116100906 A CN116100906 A CN 116100906A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
layer
sound
lvt
glue
absorbing
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Pending
Application number
CN202211339144.0A
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English (en)
Inventor
黄金华
丁旭明
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Darde Flooring Development Jiangsu Co ltd
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Darde Flooring Development Jiangsu Co ltd
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Priority to CN202211339144.0A priority Critical patent/CN116100906A/zh
Publication of CN116100906A publication Critical patent/CN116100906A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开一种易安装减音地板及制备方法，包括上下粘接的上LVT减音结构和下硬质结构，所述上LVT减音结构和下硬质结构错位设置，相邻所述上LVT减音结构无缝拼接，相邻所述下硬质结构之间具有0.8‑2mm的间隙。本发明的减音地板采用新的减音结构，加工工艺相对简单，可将整个产品的生产加工制造成本控制在现有市售减音地板的范围内，产品减音效果更佳，同现有的技术相比，具有生产效率高、生产及制造成本低的优势，同时产品的安装及后期的维护成本更低。

Description

一种易安装减音地板及制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及地面装饰材料的技术领域，特别涉及一种易安装减音地板及制备方法。
背景技术
目前现有的地板不管是实木地板、多层复合地板、强化地板、以及弹性类地板中的卷材、片材地板，在施工后的使用中不能很好的降音减噪。如部分地板施工时在地面预铺一层珍珠棉，以期减小产品后期使用中产生的噪音；另外有塑胶锁扣开槽地板的背面贴有薄的一层IXPE、EVA、软木等材料减音层，用以降低噪音，生产工艺繁琐，实际减音效果并不十分理想。
现有塑胶地板施工时对地面平整度要求较高，需要做自流平，后再使用专用地板胶水进行铺装施工，铺装费工、费时、费料；施工后的维护以及二次装修的拆除都是非常繁琐。另外一种是锁扣塑胶地板，包含有普通的半硬质锁扣地板和硬质锁扣地板，虽然施工可不用胶水，但其生产加工工艺要求高，特别是加工精度。
在高架网络上使用一般地板或塑胶地板，在使用一段时间后很容易会出现接缝处地板产品发生形变，严重影响产品的使用效果。
普通塑胶地板或锁扣开槽地板，厚度越厚产品自重也越大，生产材料及运输成本居高不下。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种易安装减音地板及制备方法，克服现有技术存在的上述缺陷。
一方面，本发明的一种易安装减音地板，包括上下粘接的上LVT减音结构和下硬质结构，所述上LVT减音结构和下硬质结构错位设置，相邻所述上LVT减音结构无缝拼接，相邻所述下硬质结构之间具有0.8-2mm的间隙。
在一些实施方式中，所述上LVT减音结构从上到下依次包括特殊耐磨层、透明耐磨层、印刷装饰层以及复合LVT基材层，所述复合LVT基材层为单层结构或者中间夹有玻纤层的多层结构。
在一些实施方式中，所述下硬质结构为复合硬质基材层或者下方还设有减音层的复合硬质基材层。
在一些实施方式中，所述上LVT减音结构和下硬质结构通过胶水层粘接，所述胶水层从上到下依次包括第一胶水层、减音层以及第二胶水层。
在一些实施方式中，所述特殊耐磨层为浸胶后的含有三氧化二铝超细耐磨粉体的成卷或成张的原纸、弹性TPU材质制成的耐磨层或UV涂层中的一种或多种。
在一些实施方式中，所述上LVT减音结构和下硬质结构的形状一样，所述上LVT减音结构向上且向左错位10-30mm。
在一些实施方式中，所述复合硬质基材层设有盲槽，所述盲槽为V型槽、圆形槽、椭圆形槽或波浪形槽中的一种或多种，所述盲槽的宽度为2mm-10mm，深度0.8mm-3.0mm。
在一些实施方式中，特殊耐磨层共分为三类，分别为：①使用含有大量的三氧化二铝等超细耐磨粉体的成卷或成张的原纸，经过浸胶后呈透明或半透明状纸张，耐磨层中的耐磨材料含量为15g/㎡～50g/㎡，其通过浸渍特殊的树脂胶能很好的热固化，能与下层的PVC材质的透明耐磨层很好的贴合牢固，具有优异的耐磨、耐刮等特性。②使用弹性TPU材质的耐磨层，厚度为0.10mm～0.30mm，可与下面的透明耐磨层贴合牢固，具有优异的防滑、耐磨等特性。③特殊的UV涂层，表层涂覆克重为15g/㎡～30g/㎡，具有特殊的耐刮、耐磨、耐污等特性。
使用上述的特殊耐磨层可以减少下层的透明耐磨层的使用厚度，因上层的特殊耐磨层有优秀的耐磨、耐刮的特性，如需传统透明耐磨层厚度为0.5mm，则上层使用15g/㎡～50g/㎡的耐磨层，下方的透明耐磨层可使用0.35mm即可，产品的整体耐磨寿命将远远超过原0.50mm的透明耐磨层寿命，同理使用TPU耐磨层一样具有超越原耐磨层厚度的使用寿命。故可以在达到耐磨、耐刮等特性的要求时，可降低下层的透明耐磨层的使用厚度，同时可以有效降低生产成本。
在一些实施方式中，复合LVT基材层(含复合LVT基材层1、基材层2)的制备方法：将聚氯乙烯树脂粉、增塑剂、热稳定剂、碳酸钙(为增加产品的稳定性，可添加使用短切玻纤丝，短切玻纤含量克重占比范围2％～25％)以及其他加工助剂按一定的配方比例通过混合、密炼、压延、出片、裁切等工序制备出所需的尺寸规格厚度的复合LVT基材层。基本物料使用配比：
Figure BDA0003915768910000031
在一些实施方式中，玻纤层：如本产品所使用到的玻纤层为网格或短切布等形态结构的玻璃纤维层，其玻纤克重为25g/㎡～120g/㎡。
在一些实施方式中，胶水层1：所使用的胶水为聚氨酯类胶水、双组分胶水、PUR热固性胶水等，其主要性能要求为能永固性的将减音层粘结在LVT基材层上。
在一些实施方式中，减音层1：为厚度0.8mm～2.0mm的IXPE、EVA、PVC等材质的发泡泡棉(发泡倍率为5～25倍)、软木层。
在一些实施方式中，胶水层2：为热熔胶水，胶水使用量为35g/㎡～100g/㎡
在一些实施方式中，复合硬质基材层的制备方法：将聚氯乙烯树脂粉、热稳定剂、碳酸钙、ACR、CPE、PE腊以及其他加工助剂通过高混、双螺杆挤出加工制得厚度为1.3mm～8mm的硬质基材层。
在一些实施方式中，硬质基材层本质是不含有增塑剂的，在生产过程中如添加有部分含有透明耐磨层的回收料，其增塑剂含量≤5％。本产品中的复合硬质基材层可由其他有机或无机类板材代替，可用的有PP板材、微发泡WPC板材、PE板材、硅酸钙板、玻镁板、水泥板、焱板等。
复合硬质基材层基本物料配比：
Figure BDA0003915768910000032
在一些实施方式中，胶水层3：所使用的胶水类型为单组份胶水、热熔胶水、PUR胶等(可粘接减音层2中的IXPE、EVA、PVC等材质的发泡泡棉、软木等材质)，胶水使用量为30g/㎡～80g/㎡，亦可使用水性胶水(可粘接减音层2中的植绒层、化纤毛毡布类)，胶水使用量为30g/㎡～80g/㎡。
在一些实施方式中，减音层2：为厚度0.8mm～2.0mm的IXPE、EVA、PVC等材质的发泡泡棉(发泡倍率为5～25倍)、软木层；可为植绒纤维层(在复合硬质基材层背面进行涂胶，后进行静电植绒)、化纤毛毡布层等。
在一些实施方式中，预先制作产品下部分结构胚料的后道加工方法：含复合硬质基材层(复合硬质基材层、胶水层3、减音层2)
方法一：将对上述的复合硬质基材层的大张规格板材通过加工设备辊涂一层胶水层3，后贴合大张的减音层2，对已贴合牢固的的下复合硬质减音结构进行裁切或冲切出所需的规格尺寸，即为下硬质结构胚料。
方法二：将对上述的复合硬质基材层的大张规格板材经过裁切或冲切成所需规格尺寸，后对已裁切的小片复合硬质基材层进行辊涂一层胶水层3，后贴合小片的减音层2，待胶水完全固化后，即为下硬质结构胚料。
在一些实施方式中，下硬质结构通过以下步骤制得：将硬质基材层的一面辊涂双组分胶水或热固性胶水，之后贴上一层无纺布层或同类型的化纤布层，待胶水干燥粘接牢固后，再对无纺布层表面进行辊涂热熔胶水，使得胶水渗透到无纺布层的内里。
在一些实施方式中，下硬质结构通过以下步骤制得：将硬质基材层的一面辊涂水性胶水，之后通过静电植绒给下硬质基材层的表面植绒，植绒材质为棉、尼龙、晴纶、黏胶短绒等，植绒的绒毛长度为0.5mm-3mm，待植绒层完全干燥后，对表面植绒层进行辊涂热熔压敏胶，使得热熔胶水能渗透到绒毛纤维内里。
另一方面，本发明的一种易安装减音地板的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
将L型辅助工具放置于操作台，所述L型辅助工具包括呈台阶结构的下定位块和上定位块；
将背涂有胶水的所述上LVT减音结构放置于操作台，其中，胶水面朝上，与所述下定位块的两侧的直角边靠近；
将所述下硬质结构放置于所述上LVT减音结构上，其中，所述下硬质结构的硬质面朝下，与所述上定位块的两侧的直角边靠近，后对边缘露胶部位贴上条状离型纸。
有益效果：
1、本产品具有优秀的减音功能，同比现有的不同材质的减音地板，减音功能有较大提升。
2、本产品自带的L型错位结构，方便产品安装，产品四边免开槽，施工地面无需胶水，可快速进行施工与安装，节省了较大的安装施工成本。
3、本发明表面的耐磨层所同时使用两种异质耐磨材料相结合的方法，使产品具有优质的耐磨、耐刮等效果，如前文所述增强了产品的性能的同时并未增加产品的制造成本。
4、本发明产品由于下复合基材不含有增塑剂或含有微量增塑剂，产品在使用后期，不会有增塑剂从中析出，从而影响胶水层的粘接力。
5、本发明产品同现有同类产品相比，同种厚度本发明产品质量最轻。
6、本产品具有传统PVC地板的无毒、无味、环保、耐用、防滑、防水、吸音、色彩丰富等功能。
7、本发明产品较现有的同类型地板产品相比造价成本低，生产工艺成熟、稳定，生产效率及良品率高，可大批量进行生产。
8、本发明产品对施工地面要求友好，不同于普通弹性地材以及同类减音地板对地面平整度的要求苛刻，只要求基本平整即可，能有效的避免因地面不平及施工环境影响产品的铺装效果；特别是高架地板上的接缝部位容易产生形变，行业目前均加用一层木质垫板来垫底，用以避免接缝形变问题，由于本发明产品所使用的下硬质减音结构能有效避免以上问题的产生。
9、本发明产品对施工地面的表面强度、地表湿度不做具体要求，普通地板施工对湿度以及水泥自流平表面有具体要求，否则施工影响产品铺装及后期使用；本发明产品不管施工地面是否有起沙或浮灰以及潮湿、水迹等，均能方便快捷的安装施工，且对产品安装及后期使用无任何影响。
10、本发明产品相对与同类型产品相比，其使用有大张的离型纸，施工时需要揭掉，为此，会产生大量的施工建筑垃圾；而本发明产品由于长短两边各使用一小条离型纸，故施工时仅会产生少量的建筑垃圾，减少了资源浪费。
11、本发明产品施工后维护方便，现有四边开槽的或底部有胶或地面施胶的同类减音地板，在安装后以及后期使用时，如要局部进行维修，会相对比较困难，本产品仅需先对上部分结构边缘搭接部位进行拆解，不需破坏其他边缘产品结构即可完成整个产品的拆除，同时更换也一样非常方便。
12、本发明产品由于其尺寸稳定性以及低热膨胀性能，在产品施工后的长期使用后，产品无明显尺寸收缩及膨胀变化，且拼接间隙不明显。
13、使用本发明的下硬质结构层时，产品的上结构层中的最底面不需要辊涂热熔胶水层，因下硬质结构层的最表面有胶粘层，可直接与上结构层粘接，最终完成整个产品结构。
附图说明
图1为本发明一实施方式中一种易安装减音地板的结构示意图；
图2为本发明一实施方式中一种易安装减音地板的结构示意图；
图3为本发明一实施方式中一种易安装减音地板的结构示意图；
图4为本发明一实施方式中一种易安装减音地板的结构示意图；
图5为本发明一实施方式中一种易安装减音地板的结构示意图；
图6为本发明一实施方式中一种易安装减音地板的结构示意图；
图7为本发明一实施方式中一种易安装减音地板的结构示意图；
图8为本发明一实施方式中一种易安装减音地板的结构示意图；
图9为本发明一实施方式中一种易安装减音地板的结构示意图；
图10为本发明一实施方式中一种易安装减音地板的结构示意图；
图11为本发明一实施方式中一种易安装减音地板的结构示意图；
图12为本发明一实施方式中一种易安装减音地板的结构示意图；
图13为本发明一实施方式中一种易安装减音地板制备时的结构示意图；
图14为本发明一实施方式中一种易安装减音地板制备时的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本申请方案，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分的实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都应当属于本申请保护的范围。
如图1所示：
一种易安装减音地板，从上到下依次包括，特殊耐磨层11、透明耐磨层12、印刷装饰层13、复合LVT基材层14、第一胶水层21、减音层22、第二胶水层23以及复合硬质基材层31。
该结构的产品的制备方法如下；
依次将特殊耐磨层(耐磨纸或TPU耐磨层)、透明耐磨层、印刷装饰层与上述复合LVT基材层通过平板硫化热压成型或采用多层热贴合机进行贴合作业，先热后冷加工为一张LVT半成品，后经表面UV处理(耐磨纸生产的半成品不需此工序处理)、回火工序进行热、冷处理，使产品热收缩性能稳定。后通过设备辊涂胶水层将减音层粘接牢固，后经成型加工等后道工序制备出所需尺寸的上LVT减音结构层胚料。
在此需要准备制备下硬质结构，将硬质基材层的一面辊涂双组分胶水或热固性胶水，之后贴上一层无纺布层或同类型的化纤布层，待胶水干燥粘接牢固后，再对无纺布层表面进行辊涂热熔胶水，使得胶水渗透到无纺布层的内里。
通过对上LVT减音结构层胚料的减音层底面进行辊涂胶水层，将已经辊涂好胶水的上LVT减音结构胚料按要求的位置宽度粘接在预先准备的所需尺寸要求的下硬质结构上，后对两边或四边裸露的部位贴上一层离型纸，最终制得本发明成品。
该下硬质结构的表面具有一定的初粘力，相比较普通胶水层的初粘力要小，这即为该结构的特别之处，初粘力偏小，产品铺装时方便、易铺，偏小的初粘力虽但不影响产品之间的粘结，而且施工完后随着时间以及产品表面的行人走动、踩踏、碾压的作用后，该产品无纺布及植绒层表面的胶水粘接的更牢固。该结构的产品使用维修及更换也非常方便，方便拆装。该结构的产品的特殊胶水层与无纺布、植绒层的结构，产品粘力效果方便产品拆装后二次装修循环使用，非常环保，避免浪费。
如图2所示：
一种易安装减音地板，从上到下依次包括，特殊耐磨层11、透明耐磨层12、印刷装饰层13、复合LVT基材层14、第一胶水层21、第一减音层22、第二胶水层23以及复合硬质基材层31、胶水层32以及第二减音层33。
该结构的产品的制备方法如下；
依次将特殊耐磨层(耐磨纸或TPU耐磨层)、透明耐磨层、印刷装饰层与上述复合LVT基材层通过平板硫化热压成型或采用多层热贴合机进行贴合作业，先热后冷加工为一张LVT半成品，后经表面UV处理(耐磨纸生产的半成品不需此工序处理)、回火工序进行热、冷处理，使产品热收缩性能稳定。后通过设备辊涂胶水层将减音层粘接牢固，后经成型加工等后道工序制备出所需尺寸的上LVT减音结构层胚料。
在此需要准备制备下硬质结构，将硬质基材层的一面辊涂热熔胶水，后贴上所需减音层，可大张贴合后再加工成所需的尺寸规格小片，亦可小片硬质基材层辊涂热熔胶水贴合小片减音层。
通过对上LVT减音结构层胚料的减音层底面进行辊涂胶水层，将已经辊涂好胶水的上LVT减音结构胚料按要求的位置宽度粘接在预先准备的下硬质结构上，后对两边或四边裸露的部位贴上一层离型纸，最终制得本发明成品。
如图3所示：
一种易安装减音地板，从上到下依次包括，特殊耐磨层11、透明耐磨层12、印刷装饰层13、第一复合LVT基材层14、玻纤层15、第二复合LVT基材层16、第一胶水层21、减音层22、第二胶水层23以及复合硬质基材层31。
该结构的产品的制备方法如下；
依次将特殊耐磨层(耐磨纸或TPU耐磨层)、透明耐磨层、印刷装饰层与上述复合LVT基材层、玻璃纤维层、复合LVT基材层，通过平板硫化热压成型或采用多层热贴合机进行贴合作业，先热后冷加工为一张LVT半成品，后经表面UV处理(耐磨纸生产的半成品不需此工序处理)、回火工序进行热、冷处理，使产品热收缩性能稳定。后通过设备辊涂胶水层将减音层与复合LVT基材层的底面粘接牢固，后经成型加工等后道工序制备出所需尺寸的上LVT减音结构层胚料。
在此需要准备制备下硬质结构，将硬质基材层的一面辊涂水性胶水，之后通过静电植绒给下硬质基材层的表面植绒，植绒材质为棉、尼龙、晴纶、黏胶短绒等，植绒的绒毛长度为0.5mm-3mm，待植绒层完全干燥后，对表面植绒层进行辊涂热熔压敏胶，使得热熔胶水能渗透到绒毛纤维内里。
通过对上LVT减音结构层胚料的减音层底面进行辊涂胶水层，将已经辊涂好胶水的上LVT减音结构胚料按要求的位置宽度粘接在预先准备的所需尺寸要求的下硬质结构上，后对两边或四边裸露的部位贴上一层离型纸，最终制得本发明成品。
该下硬质结构的表面具有一定的初粘力，相比较普通胶水层的初粘力要小，这即为该结构的特别之处，初粘力偏小，产品铺装时方便、易铺，偏小的初粘力虽但不影响产品之间的粘结，而且施工完后随着时间以及产品表面的行人走动、踩踏、碾压的作用后，该产品无纺布及植绒层表面的胶水粘接的更牢固。该结构的产品使用维修及更换也非常方便，方便拆装。该结构的产品的特殊胶水层与无纺布、植绒层的结构，产品粘力效果方便产品拆装后二次装修循环使用，非常环保，避免浪费。
如图4所示：
一种易安装减音地板，从上到下依次包括，特殊耐磨层11、透明耐磨层12、印刷装饰层13、第一复合LVT基材层14、玻纤层15、第二复合LVT基材层16、第一胶水层21、第一减音层22、第二胶水层23以及复合硬质基材层31、胶水层32以及第二减音层33。
该结构的产品的制备方法如下；
依次将特殊耐磨层(耐磨纸或TPU耐磨层)、透明耐磨层、印刷装饰层与上述复合LVT基材层、玻璃纤维层、复合LVT基材层，通过平板硫化热压成型或采用多层热贴合机进行贴合作业，先热后冷加工为一张LVT半成品，后经表面UV处理(耐磨纸生产的半成品不需此工序处理)、回火工序进行热、冷处理，使产品热收缩性能稳定。后通过设备辊涂胶水层将减音层与复合LVT基材层的底面粘接牢固，后经成型加工等后道工序制备出所需尺寸的上LVT减音结构层胚料。
在此需要准备制备下硬质结构，将硬质基材层的一面辊涂热熔胶水，后贴上所需减音层，可大张贴合后再加工成所需的尺寸规格小片，亦可小片硬质基材层辊涂热熔胶水合小片减音层
通过对上LVT减音结构层胚料的减音层底面进行辊涂胶水层，将已经辊涂好胶水的上LVT减音结构胚料按要求的位置宽度粘接在预先准备的下硬质结构上，后对两边或四边裸露的部位贴上一层离型纸，最终制得本发明成品。
如图5-6所示：
一种易安装减音地板，包括上下粘接的上LVT减音结构10和下硬质结构20，所述上LVT减音结构10和下硬质结构20错位设置，所述上LVT减音结构10和下硬质结构20的形状一样，所述上LVT减音结构10向上且向左错位10-30mm，相邻所述上LVT减音结构10无缝拼接，相邻所述下硬质结构20之间具有0.8-2mm的间隙。
如图7所示，施工时，一片搭一片的进行安装作业，靠墙的起始与末端需将产品错位部位切齐。
如图8所示：
一种易安装减音地板，包括相邻的第一地板和第二地板，第一地板包括上下粘接的第一上LVT减音结构和第一下硬质结构，第一上LVT减音结构尺寸大于第一下硬质结构尺寸，第一上LVT减音结构相对于第一下硬质结构垂直方向向上凸出10-30mm，第一上LVT减音结构相对于第一下硬质结构水平方向向右凸出10-30mm，第二地板包括上下粘接的第二上LVT减音结构和第二下硬质结构，第二上LVT减音结构尺寸小于第二下硬质结构尺寸，第二上LVT减音结构相对于第二下硬质结构垂直方向向上凸出10-30mm，第二上LVT减音结构相对于第二下硬质结构水平方向向左凹陷10-30mm，相邻所述上LVT减音结构无缝拼接，相邻所述下硬质结构之间具有0.8-2mm的间隙。
如图9所示，施工时，一片搭一片的进行安装作业，靠墙的起始与末端需将产品错位部位切齐。区分左外观结构和右外观结构的不同，注意安装的顺序。
如图10所示：
一种易安装减音地板，包括相邻的第一地板和第二地板，第一地板包括上下粘接的第一上LVT减音结构和第一下硬质结构，第一上LVT减音结构尺寸小于第一下硬质结构尺寸，第一上LVT减音结构相对于第一下硬质结构垂直方向向上凸出10-30mm，第一上LVT减音结构相对于第一下硬质结构水平方向向右凹陷10-30mm，第二地板包括上下粘接的第二上LVT减音结构和第二下硬质结构，第二上LVT减音结构尺寸大于第二下硬质结构尺寸，第二上LVT减音结构相对于第二下硬质结构垂直方向向上凸出10-30mm，第二上LVT减音结构相对于第二下硬质结构水平方向向左凸出10-30mm，相邻所述上LVT减音结构无缝拼接，相邻所述下硬质结构之间具有0.8-2mm的间隙。
如图11所示，施工时，一片搭一片的进行安装作业，靠墙的起始与末端需将产品错位部位切齐。区分左外观结构和右外观结构的不同，注意安装的顺序。
如图12所示，
为减轻成品重量，可对复合硬质基材层进行特殊加工处理，用以减轻复合硬质基材层的重量，同时加工剩余的废料可以二次回收利用，节省成本，降低物料损耗。可对复合硬质基材层朝下的面进行减重加工，通过刀具制作成各种几何形状，如V型槽、圆形、椭圆形、波浪形；宽度2mm-10mm,深度0.8mm-3.0mm。
如图13-14所示，
一种易安装减音地板的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
将L型辅助工具放置于操作台，所述L型辅助工具包括呈台阶结构的下定位块41和上定位块42；
将背涂有胶水的所述上LVT减音结构10放置于操作台，其中，胶水面朝上，与所述下定位块41的两侧的直角边靠近；
将所述下硬质结构20放置于所述上LVT减音结构10上，其中，所述下硬质结构20的硬质面朝下，与所述上定位块42的两侧的直角边靠近，后对边缘露胶部位贴上条状离型纸。
实施例制备的减音地板以ISO 10582、GB/T4085标准进行测试，结构如下：
Figure BDA0003915768910000111
以上表述仅为本发明的优选方式，应当指出，对本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明创造构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些也应视为本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

1.一种易安装减音地板，其特征在于，包括上下粘接的上LVT减音结构和下硬质结构，所述上LVT减音结构和下硬质结构错位设置，相邻所述上LVT减音结构无缝拼接，相邻所述下硬质结构之间具有0.8-2mm的间隙。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种易安装减音地板，其特征在于，所述上LVT减音结构从上到下依次包括特殊耐磨层、透明耐磨层、印刷装饰层以及复合LVT基材层，所述复合LVT基材层为单层结构或者中间夹有玻纤层的多层结构。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种易安装减音地板，其特征在于，所述下硬质结构为复合硬质基材层或者下方还设有减音层的复合硬质基材层。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种易安装减音地板，其特征在于，所述上LVT减音结构和下硬质结构通过胶水层粘接，所述胶水层从上到下依次包括第一胶水层、减音层以及第二胶水层。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种易安装减音地板，其特征在于，所述特殊耐磨层为浸胶后的含有三氧化二铝超细耐磨粉体的成卷或成张的原纸、弹性TPU材质制成的耐磨层或UV涂层中的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一权利要求所述的一种易安装减音地板，其特征在于，所述上LVT减音结构和下硬质结构的形状一样，所述上LVT减音结构向上且向左错位10-30mm。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种易安装减音地板，其特征在于，所述复合硬质基材层设有盲槽，所述盲槽为V型槽、圆形槽、椭圆形槽或波浪形槽中的一种或多种，所述盲槽的宽度为2mm-10mm，深度0.8mm-3.0mm。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一权利要求所述的一种易安装减音地板，其特征在于，所述下硬质结构通过以下步骤制得：
将硬质基材层的一面辊涂双组分胶水或热固性胶水，之后贴上一层无纺布层或同类型的化纤布层，待胶水干燥粘接牢固后，再对无纺布层表面进行辊涂热熔胶水，使得胶水渗透到无纺布层的内里；
或者，将硬质基材层的一面辊涂水性胶水，之后通过静电植绒给下硬质基材层的表面植绒，植绒材质为棉、尼龙、晴纶、黏胶短绒等，植绒的绒毛长度为0.5mm-3mm，待植绒层完全干燥后，对表面植绒层进行辊涂热熔压敏胶，使得热熔胶水能渗透到绒毛纤维内里。
9.一种易安装减音地板的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
将L型辅助工具放置于操作台，所述L型辅助工具包括呈台阶结构的下定位块和上定位块；
将背涂有胶水的所述上LVT减音结构放置于操作台，其中，胶水面朝上，与所述下定位块的两侧的直角边靠近；
将所述下硬质结构放置于所述上LVT减音结构上，其中，所述下硬质结构的硬质面朝下，与所述上定位块的两侧的直角边靠近，后对边缘露胶部位贴上条状离型纸。
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