CN116000067A - Polymer medicament for treating incineration fly ash and application thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a polymer agent for treating incineration fly ash. The raw materials for preparation include, in parts by weight, 40-60 parts of sulfur-containing compounds, 1-10 parts of pH regulators, 20-40 parts of surfactants, and silane stabilizers. 5‑15 parts, 30‑40 parts of water. The invention adopts thiosulfamate as the sulfur compound to solidify metal ions in the fly ash and has high solidification efficiency, and also has retardation effect on dioxin organic matter. And the introduction of polyoxyethylene sec-octyl alcohol, which is a polycondensate of fatty alcohol and ethylene oxide, as a surfactant can increase the dissolving effect of fly ash in the solution, and the efficiency of treating fly ash is high, which can be achieved with a lower addition amount. The effect of treating fly ash is good; the preparation method is simple and suitable for large-scale production and preparation.

Description

A polymer agent for treating incineration fly ash and its application

technical field

The invention relates to a preparation method and application of a polymer agent for treating incineration fly ash, relates to B09B, and specifically relates to the field of converting solid waste into useful or harmless things.

Background technique

With the development of society and the increase of population, a large amount of garbage is produced. The simple landfill method will not only occupy a large amount of land, but also pollutants will seep out after landfill, polluting the soil and water sources. Therefore, at present The way of garbage disposal is to incinerate the garbage first, and then dispose of the garbage. The incineration of garbage will produce a large amount of fly ash. If the fly ash is directly buried, the heavy metals and dioxins in the fly ash will still leach out and pollute the environment. Therefore, it is necessary to Solidify the fly ash to avoid seepage of heavy metals. Existing ways to deal with fly ash include cement solidification, chemical agent solidification, hydrothermal method, melting and vitrification. Cement solidification is to mix fly ash, cement and water in a certain proportion to form concrete blocks, but it does not Dioxins are dealt with. The hydrothermal method, melting and vitrification methods have high requirements on processing equipment and consume a lot of energy. The chemical agent curing method is the most commonly used method at present, but the current chemical agent curing effect is not good, and a large amount of chemical agents need to be added, and the cost is high.

Chinese invention patent CN200810032233.4 discloses a method of using a chelating agent to treat incineration fly ash. First, add water to the incineration fly ash, dilute the incineration fly ash, and then add a chelating agent for mixing, which can complex domestic garbage Or the heavy metals in the fly ash of industrial waste incineration to avoid the dissolution of heavy metal pollutants. The method has simple process and good stabilizing effect, but the chelation efficiency is low and long chelation time is required. Chinese invention patent CN202210360825.9 discloses a chelating agent for heavy metal solidification in fly ash and its application method. The components of the chelating agent are stored in isolation from each other. The heavy metal ions in the fly ash are chelated and solidified, which reduces the possibility of the heavy metals in the fly ash being leached out, but it needs to be solidified with cement, which is expensive.

Contents of the invention

In order to improve the treatment effect on waste incineration fly ash, the first aspect of the present invention provides a polymer agent for treating incineration fly ash, the preparation raw materials include: 40-60 parts of sulfur-containing compounds, pH regulator 1-10 parts, 20-40 parts of surfactant, 5-15 parts of silane stabilizer, 30-40 parts of water.

As a preferred embodiment, the sulfur-containing compound is selected from the group consisting of thiourea, organic thiocarbamate, thiosulfamate, thiophosphate, ammonium thiosulfate, sodium thiosulfate, sodium sulfide one or a combination of several.

As a preferred embodiment, the organic thiocarbamate is selected from one or more of sodium butylthiocarbamate, ammonium alkyldithiocarbamate, and sodium diethyldithiocarbamate. combination.

As a preferred embodiment, the thiosulfamate is 1-sodium thiosulfonate-2-dimethylamino-3-thiosulfonate propane.

During the experiment, the applicant found that the use of thiosulfamate as a sulfur compound to solidify metal ions in fly ash has a high solidification efficiency, and also has a blocking effect on dioxin organic compounds. The possible reasons are guessed: The nitrogen element in thiosulfamate exists in the form of organic amine functional groups, which can form multi-site complex complexes at the metal active sites on the fly ash surface, and organic amines can combine with metal ions to form nitrides The catalytic effect of dioxin generation is weakened, and the formed metal nitride covers the active site, further inhibiting the generation of dioxin.

As a preferred embodiment, the pH regulator is selected from one or a combination of disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium acetate, and ammonium acetate.

As a preferred embodiment, the pH regulator is disodium hydrogen phosphate.

As a preferred embodiment, the surfactant is a nonionic surfactant selected from one of polyoxyethylene, polyol, alkanolamide, polyether, and amine oxide surfactants. one or a combination of several.

As a preferred embodiment, the polyoxyethylene surfactant is selected from one or more combinations of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, and fatty acid polyoxyethylene ester. The fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether is preferably secondary octanol polyoxyethylene ether.

As a preferred embodiment, the polyoxyethylene surfactant is sec-octyl polyoxyethylene ether.

As a preferred embodiment, the polyoxyethylene sec-octyl ether is a polycondensate of fatty alcohol and ethylene oxide.

As a preferred embodiment, the cloud point of the aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 1% sec-octanol polyoxyethylene ether is greater than or equal to 40°C.

The applicant further found that the dissolution effect of fly ash in the solution can be increased by introducing the condensation polymer of fatty alcohol and ethylene oxide, and the solidification efficiency of fly ash can be improved. The reason may be that the condensation polymer of fatty alcohol and ethylene oxide can increase The interfacial interaction of sulfur-containing compounds in the fly ash solution, and the non-ionic properties of the condensation polymer of fatty alcohol and ethylene oxide have a certain synergistic effect with the thiosulfamic acid anion, which further increases the effect of polymer agents on fly ash. Penetrating and wetting efficiency improves the curing effect of fly ash.

As a preferred embodiment, the silane stabilizer is polysiloxane, and the molecular weight of the polysiloxane is 5000-15000Da.

Polysiloxane with a molecular weight of 5000-15000Da is used as a silane stabilizer, which can evenly cover the surface of fly ash particles after chelation, forming a passivation state, wrapping heavy metal chelates, reducing the intrusion of acid liquid, and avoiding metal The ions are stripped out again to improve the stability of the particles after chelation.

A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a polymer agent for processing incineration fly ash, comprising the following steps:

(1) adding the sulfur-containing compound into water, mixing and stirring evenly, adding a surfactant, a pH regulator, and adjusting the pH value to 8-9;

(2) Add silane stabilizer and stir to mix evenly.

The third aspect of the present invention provides an application of a polymer agent for treating incineration fly ash, which is applied to fly ash produced by domestic waste incineration and medical waste incineration.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) The macromolecular medicament for processing incineration fly ash according to the present invention has higher solidification efficiency by adopting thiosulfamate as sulfur-containing compound to solidify metal ions in the fly ash, and also has a high curing efficiency for dioxin organic matter blocking effect.

(2) The macromolecular agent for processing incineration fly ash according to the present invention can increase the dissolving effect of fly ash in the solution by introducing polycondensate secondary octanol polyoxyethylene ether of fatty alcohol and ethylene oxide as surfactant, Improve the solidification efficiency of fly ash.

(3) The macromolecular medicament for processing incineration fly ash according to the present invention can maintain the pH value of the system by adopting the disodium hydrogen phosphate acid-base adjustment system, so that the system is in the range of acid-base of 8-9, avoiding the dissolution of heavy metal ions .

(4) The macromolecular medicament for processing incineration fly ash according to the present invention adopts polysiloxane with a molecular weight of 5000-15000 Da to make the chelating system evenly cover the surface of the fly ash crystal, passivate the surface of the fly ash crystal, and form Barrier, unable to be invaded by acid and alkali, to achieve mineralization effect.

(5) The polymer medicament for treating incineration fly ash of the present invention has high fly ash treatment efficiency, and a good fly ash treatment effect can be achieved with a relatively low addition amount; the preparation method is simple and is suitable for large-scale production and preparation.

Detailed ways

Example 1

A polymer medicament for treating incineration fly ash. The preparation raw materials include, in parts by weight, 50 parts of sulfur-containing compounds, 8 parts of pH regulators, 30 parts of surfactants, 10 parts of silane stabilizers and 35 parts of water.

The sulfur-containing compound is 1-sodium thiosulfonate-2-dimethylamino-3-thiosulfonate propane.

The pH regulator is disodium hydrogen phosphate.

The surfactant is polyoxyethylene sec-octyl ether, and the cloud point of its aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 1% is more than or equal to 40°C. Purchased from Haian Petrochemical Plant in Jiangsu Province, model JFC-2.

The silane stabilizer is hydroxypolysiloxane with a molecular weight of 10000 Da, purchased from Wuhan Comic Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd.

A method for preparing a polymer agent for treating incineration fly ash, comprising the following steps:

(1) adding the sulfur-containing compound into water, mixing and stirring evenly, adding a surfactant and a pH regulator, and adjusting the pH to 8.5;

(2) Add silane stabilizer and stir to mix evenly.

Example 2

A polymer medicament for treating incineration fly ash. The preparation raw materials include, in parts by weight, 40 parts of sulfur-containing compounds, 3 parts of pH regulators, 30 parts of surfactants, 5 parts of silane stabilizers and 30 parts of water.

The sulfur-containing compound is sodium butylthiocarbamate.

The pH regulator is sodium dihydrogen phosphate.

The surfactant is polyoxyethylene sec-octyl ether, and the cloud point of its aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 1% is more than or equal to 40°C. Purchased from Haian Petrochemical Plant in Jiangsu Province, model JFC-2.

The silane stabilizer is hydroxyl polysiloxane with a molecular weight of 5000 Da, purchased from Wuhan Comic Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd.

A method for preparing a polymer agent for treating incineration fly ash, comprising the following steps:

(1) adding the sulfur-containing compound into water, mixing and stirring evenly, adding a surfactant, a pH regulator, and adjusting the pH value to 8;

(2) Add silane stabilizer and stir to mix evenly.

Example 3

A polymer medicament for treating incineration fly ash. The preparation raw materials include, in parts by weight, 60 parts of sulfur-containing compounds, 10 parts of pH regulators, 40 parts of surfactants, 15 parts of silane stabilizers and 40 parts of water.

The sulfur-containing compound is sodium diethyldithiocarbamate.

The pH regulator is disodium hydrogen phosphate.

The surfactant is polyoxyethylene sec-octyl ether, and the cloud point of its aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 1% is more than or equal to 40°C. Purchased from Haian Petrochemical Plant in Jiangsu Province, model JFC-2.

The silane stabilizer is hydroxypolysiloxane with a molecular weight of 15000 Da, purchased from Wuhan Comic Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd.

A method for preparing a polymer agent for treating incineration fly ash, comprising the following steps:

(1) adding the sulfur-containing compound into water, mixing and stirring evenly, adding a surfactant, a pH regulator, and adjusting the pH value to 9;

(2) Add silane stabilizer and stir to mix evenly.

Example 4

A polymer agent for treating incineration fly ash. The specific steps are the same as those in Example 1, except that the sulfur-containing compound is thiourea.

Example 5

A polymer agent for treating incineration fly ash, the specific steps are the same as those in Example 1, except that the sulfur-containing compound is sodium thiosulfate.

Example 6

A polymer agent for treating incineration fly ash, the specific steps are the same as in Example 1, the difference is that the surfactant is fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether AEO-9, purchased from Jinan Yuanfang Chemical Co., Ltd.

Performance Testing

The polymer agent prepared in Examples 1-6 was diluted 20 times and then used for fly ash treatment. The mass ratio of the fly ash to the polymer agent was 1:0.02. Fly ash is the fly ash of domestic waste incineration.

The element quality of the fly ash leachate was analyzed with reference to the test standard of GB/T5085.3-2007. The test results of Examples 1-6 are shown in Table 1-6.

Table 1

Table 2

Standard valuemg/L before processing after treatment copper 40 8.23 0.91 chromium 4.5 ND ND nickel 0.5 ND ND zinc 100 3.22 0.92 lead 0.25 4.72 0.17 cadmium 0.15 3.55 0.09 HG 0.05 ND ND

table 3

Standard valuemg/L before processing after treatment copper 40 1.49 ND chromium 4.5 ND ND nickel 0.5 ND ND zinc 100 1.75 0.16 lead 0.25 0.84 ND cadmium 0.15 0.31 ND HG 0.05 ND ND

Table 4

table 5

Standard valuemg/L before processing after treatment copper 40 1.74 0.08 chromium 4.5 ND ND nickel 0.5 ND ND zinc 100 78.84 1.05 lead 0.25 0.31 ND cadmium 0.15 0.77 ND HG 0.05 ND ND

Table 6

Standard valuemg/L before processing after treatment copper 40 1.82 0.07 chromium 4.5 ND ND nickel 0.5 ND ND zinc 100 1.95 0.09 lead 0.25 0.47 ND cadmium 0.15 0.33 ND HG 0.05 ND ND

Claims (10)

1. A macromolecule medicament for processing incineration fly ash, characterized in that, the preparation raw materials include in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of sulfur-containing compounds, 1-10 parts of pH regulators, 20-40 parts of surfactants, silane 5-15 parts of stabilizer, 30-40 parts of water. 2. The macromolecule agent for processing incineration fly ash according to claim 1, wherein the sulfur-containing compound is selected from the group consisting of thiourea, organic thiocarbamate, thiosulfamate, and thiophosphate , ammonium thiosulfate, sodium thiosulfate, sodium sulfide or a combination of several. 3. The macromolecule agent for processing incineration fly ash according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the organic thiocarbamate is selected from the group consisting of sodium butylthiocarbamate, ammonium alkyl dithiocarbamate, diethyl ammonium dithiocarbamate One or a combination of sodium dithiocarbamate. 4. The macromolecular agent for processing incineration fly ash according to claim 1, wherein the pH regulator is selected from one or more of disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium acetate, ammonium acetate The combination. 5. The macromolecular agent for processing incineration fly ash according to claim 1, wherein the surfactant is a nonionic surfactant selected from polyoxyethylene surfactants, polyol surfactants , alkanolamide type surfactant, polyether type surfactant, amine oxide type surfactant or a combination of several. 6. The macromolecular agent for treating incineration fly ash according to claim 5, wherein the polyoxyethylene type surfactant is selected from the group consisting of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, fatty acid polyoxyethylene One or more combinations of vinyl esters, the fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether is preferably secondary octanol polyoxyethylene ether. 7. The polymer agent for treating incineration fly ash according to claim 6, characterized in that the cloud point of the aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 1% sec-octanol polyoxyethylene ether is ≥ 40°C. 8 . The polymer agent for treating incineration fly ash according to claim 1 , wherein the silane stabilizer is polysiloxane, and the molecular weight of the polysiloxane is 5000-15000 Da. 9. A method for preparing a polymer agent for treating incineration fly ash according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: (1) adding the sulfur-containing compound into water, mixing and stirring evenly, adding a surfactant, a pH regulator, and adjusting the pH value to 8-9; (2) Add silane stabilizer and stir to mix evenly. 10. The application of a polymer agent for treating incineration fly ash according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that it is applied to fly ash produced by domestic waste incineration and medical waste incineration.