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CN116009636A - A voltage-controlled constant current source drive circuit - Google Patents

A voltage-controlled constant current source drive circuit Download PDF

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CN116009636A
CN116009636A CN202310032713.5A CN202310032713A CN116009636A CN 116009636 A CN116009636 A CN 116009636A CN 202310032713 A CN202310032713 A CN 202310032713A CN 116009636 A CN116009636 A CN 116009636A
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circuit
voltage
resistor
constant current
current source
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CN116009636B (en
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邓凯文
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Shenzhen Clou Electronics Co Ltd
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Shenzhen Clou Electronics Co Ltd
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Abstract

The application discloses a voltage-controlled constant current source drive circuit. The circuit comprises: a comparison output circuit for outputting a first pulse signal according to a comparison result of the first input signal and the second input signal; a switching circuit for turning on or off according to the level of the first pulse signal; the current sampling circuit is used for generating a first current and outputting a first voltage according to the on or off frequency of the switching circuit; the voltage amplifying circuit is used for amplifying the first voltage to generate a second voltage output; the digital-to-analog conversion circuit is used for generating analog voltage signal output; and the feedback circuit is used for generating a differential mode voltage of the analog voltage signal and the second voltage, and integrating the differential mode voltage to generate a second input signal. The voltage-controlled constant current source driving circuit improves error precision, expands output power, and solves the technical problems that when the conventional constant current source circuit is applied to a low-voltage constant current occasion, error is large and constant current output by the conventional constant current source circuit is small.

Description

一种压控恒流源驱动电路A voltage-controlled constant current source drive circuit

技术领域technical field

本申请属于恒流源电路技术领域,涉及一种压控恒流源驱动电路。The application belongs to the technical field of constant current source circuits, and relates to a voltage-controlled constant current source driving circuit.

背景技术Background technique

现有的恒流源电路通常包括采用晶体管构成的恒流源电路和采用集成运算放大器构成的恒流源电路,其中,现有的采用晶体管构成的恒流源电路因为其晶体管集电极和发射极的极间等效电阻在几十千欧以上,因此当该恒流源电路应用于低压恒流时会造成相对较大的误差;而采用集成运算放大器构成的恒流源电路,受电路中运算放大器的饱和电压电流的限制,使得该恒流源电路的运算放大器回路的形式电流也无法太大,最终也导致了电路输出的恒定电流小。The existing constant current source circuit usually includes a constant current source circuit composed of transistors and a constant current source circuit composed of integrated operational amplifiers. Among them, the existing constant current source circuit composed of transistors has The equivalent resistance between electrodes is more than tens of kiloohms, so when the constant current source circuit is applied to low-voltage constant current, it will cause relatively large errors; and the constant current source circuit composed of integrated operational amplifiers is affected by the operation in the circuit. The limitation of the saturation voltage and current of the amplifier prevents the form current of the operational amplifier circuit of the constant current source circuit from being too large, which eventually leads to a small constant current output by the circuit.

发明内容Contents of the invention

鉴于以上问题,本申请提供一种压控恒流源驱动电路,以解决上述技术问题。In view of the above problems, the present application provides a voltage-controlled constant current source drive circuit to solve the above technical problems.

为解决上述技术问题,本申请的技术方案如下:In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme of the present application is as follows:

本申请提供一种压控恒流源驱动电路,包括:The application provides a voltage-controlled constant current source drive circuit, including:

比较输出电路,用于接收第一输入信号和第二输入信号,根据所述第一输入信号和所述第二输入信号的比较结果输出第一脉冲信号;A comparison output circuit, configured to receive a first input signal and a second input signal, and output a first pulse signal according to a comparison result between the first input signal and the second input signal;

开关电路,用于接收所述第一脉冲信号,根据所述第一脉冲信号的电平导通或截止;a switch circuit, configured to receive the first pulse signal, and turn on or off according to the level of the first pulse signal;

电流取样电路,用于根据所述开关电路导通或截止的频率生成第一电流以及输出第一电压;a current sampling circuit, configured to generate a first current and output a first voltage according to the frequency at which the switch circuit is turned on or off;

电压放大电路,用于接收所述第一电压,将所述第一电压放大后生成第二电压输出;a voltage amplifying circuit, configured to receive the first voltage, and amplify the first voltage to generate a second voltage output;

数模转换电路,用于生成模拟电压信号输出,所述模拟电压信号用于控制所述第一电流的大小;A digital-to-analog conversion circuit, configured to generate an output analog voltage signal, and the analog voltage signal is used to control the magnitude of the first current;

反馈电路,用于接收模拟电压信号和所述第二电压,生成所述模拟电压信号和所述第二电压的差模电压,并对所述差模电压进行积分处理,生成第二输入信号。The feedback circuit is configured to receive an analog voltage signal and the second voltage, generate a differential mode voltage of the analog voltage signal and the second voltage, and perform integral processing on the differential mode voltage to generate a second input signal.

进一步地,所述压控恒流源驱动电路还包括隔离式电源模块;Further, the voltage-controlled constant current source drive circuit also includes an isolated power supply module;

所述隔离式栅极驱动器的输入端所述比较输出电路连接,所述隔离式栅极驱动器的输出端与所述开关电路连接,用于将连接所述比较输出电路的第一电源与连接所述开关电路的第二电源隔离,并根据所述比较输出电路输出的第一脉冲信号驱动所述开关电路导通或截止。The input terminal of the isolated gate driver is connected to the comparison output circuit, and the output terminal of the isolated gate driver is connected to the switch circuit for connecting the first power supply connected to the comparison output circuit to the comparison output circuit. The second power supply of the switch circuit is isolated, and the switch circuit is driven to be turned on or off according to the first pulse signal output by the comparison output circuit.

进一步地,所述压控恒流源驱动电路还包括第一芯片和锯齿波发生电路;Further, the voltage-controlled constant current source driving circuit also includes a first chip and a sawtooth wave generating circuit;

所述第一芯片,用于输出设定频率的方波;The first chip is used to output a square wave with a set frequency;

所述锯齿波发生电路,用于接收所述方波,输出与所述方波频率相同的所述第一输入信号。The sawtooth wave generating circuit is configured to receive the square wave and output the first input signal having the same frequency as the square wave.

进一步地,所述锯齿波发生电路包括第一三极管、第一电容、第一电阻和钳位二极管;Further, the sawtooth wave generating circuit includes a first triode, a first capacitor, a first resistor and a clamping diode;

所述第一三极管的基极与所述第一芯片连接,所述第一三极管的发射极分别与所述第一电容的第一端和所述钳位二极管的阳极连接,所述第一三极管的集电极分别与第一电容的第二端、所述第一电阻的第一端连接、所述钳位二极管的阴极和所述比较输出电路连接,且所述第一电容的第一端还用于接地,所述第一电阻的第二端用于连接第一电源。The base of the first triode is connected to the first chip, and the emitter of the first triode is respectively connected to the first end of the first capacitor and the anode of the clamping diode, so The collector of the first triode is respectively connected to the second end of the first capacitor, the first end of the first resistor, and the cathode of the clamping diode to the comparison output circuit, and the first The first terminal of the capacitor is also used for grounding, and the second terminal of the first resistor is used for connecting to the first power supply.

进一步地,所述比较输出电路包括第一比较器;Further, the comparison output circuit includes a first comparator;

所述第一比较器的正相输入端与所述锯齿波发生电路连接,所述第一比较器的反相输入端与所述反馈电路连接,所述第一比较器的输出端与所述隔离式栅极驱动器连接。The non-inverting input terminal of the first comparator is connected to the sawtooth wave generating circuit, the inverting input terminal of the first comparator is connected to the feedback circuit, and the output terminal of the first comparator is connected to the Isolated gate driver connection.

进一步地,所述开关电路包括第一MOS管;Further, the switch circuit includes a first MOS transistor;

所述第一MOS管的栅极与所述隔离式栅极驱动器连接,所述第一MOS管的源极与所述电流取样电路连接,所述第一MOS管的漏极用于连接第二电源。The gate of the first MOS transistor is connected to the isolated gate driver, the source of the first MOS transistor is connected to the current sampling circuit, and the drain of the first MOS transistor is used to connect to the second power supply.

进一步地,所述电流取样电路包括续流二极管、第一电感、第二电容、第二电阻和取样电阻;Further, the current sampling circuit includes a freewheeling diode, a first inductor, a second capacitor, a second resistor and a sampling resistor;

所述续流二极管的阴极分别与所述开关电路和所述第一电感的第一端连接,所述续流二极管的阳极用于接地,所述第一电感的第二端分别与所述第二电容的第一端和所述第二电阻的第一端连接,所述第二电容的第二端和所述第二电阻的第二端均与所述取样电阻的第一端连接,所述取样电阻的第一端还与所述电压放大电路连接,所述取样电阻的第二端用于接地。The cathode of the freewheeling diode is respectively connected to the switch circuit and the first end of the first inductance, the anode of the freewheeling diode is used for grounding, and the second end of the first inductance is respectively connected to the first end of the first inductance. The first end of the second capacitor is connected to the first end of the second resistor, and the second end of the second capacitor and the second end of the second resistor are both connected to the first end of the sampling resistor, so The first end of the sampling resistor is also connected to the voltage amplifying circuit, and the second end of the sampling resistor is used for grounding.

进一步地,所述电压放大电路包括第三电阻、第四电阻、第五电阻、第六电阻、第七电阻和第一运算放大器;Further, the voltage amplifying circuit includes a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor and a first operational amplifier;

所述第三电阻的两端分别与所述第一运算放大器的正相输入端和所述第四电阻的第一端连接,所述第五电阻的两端分别与所述第一运算放大器的反相输入端和所述第四电阻的第二端连接,且所述第四电阻的第二端还与所述电流取样电路连接;The two ends of the third resistor are respectively connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier and the first end of the fourth resistor, and the two ends of the fifth resistor are respectively connected to the first terminal of the first operational amplifier. The inverting input terminal is connected to the second terminal of the fourth resistor, and the second terminal of the fourth resistor is also connected to the current sampling circuit;

所述第六电阻的第一端与所述第一运算放大器的正相输入端连接,所述第六电阻的第二端用于接地;The first end of the sixth resistor is connected to the non-inverting input end of the first operational amplifier, and the second end of the sixth resistor is used for grounding;

所述第七电阻的两端分别与所述第一运算放大器的反相输入端和所述第一运算放大器的输出端连接,所述运算放大器的输出端还与所述反馈电路连接。Both ends of the seventh resistor are respectively connected to the inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier and the output terminal of the first operational amplifier, and the output terminal of the operational amplifier is also connected to the feedback circuit.

进一步地,所述反馈电路包括第二运算放大器、第八电阻、第九电阻和第三电容;Further, the feedback circuit includes a second operational amplifier, an eighth resistor, a ninth resistor, and a third capacitor;

所述第二运算放大器的正相输入端与所述电压放大电路连接,所述第二运算放大器的反相输入端分别与所述第八电阻和所述第二电容连接,所述第二运算放大器的输出端与所述第九电阻连接,且所述第九电阻还与所述第二电容连接,所述第八电阻还用于连接所述数模转换电路。The non-inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier is connected to the voltage amplifying circuit, the inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier is respectively connected to the eighth resistor and the second capacitor, and the second operational amplifier The output end of the amplifier is connected to the ninth resistor, and the ninth resistor is also connected to the second capacitor, and the eighth resistor is also used to connect to the digital-to-analog conversion circuit.

进一步地,所述数模转换电路包括数模转换器,所述数模转换器与所述反馈电路连接。Further, the digital-to-analog conversion circuit includes a digital-to-analog converter, and the digital-to-analog converter is connected to the feedback circuit.

相比于现有技术,本申请的有益效果:Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application:

本申请提供的压控恒流源驱动电路,通过比较输出电路输出的脉冲信号控制开关电路的导通和截止,当开关电路导通或截止的频率一定时,电流取样电路就据此生成第一电流以及电路中的误差电压,即第一电压,通过电压放大电路将该误差电压放大后生成第二电压输入至反馈电路,反馈电路接收模拟电压信号和第二电压以消除该误差电压,在模拟电压信号与第二电压信号相等时,电路达到平衡状态。本申请提供的压控恒流源驱动电路,提高了电路的误差精度,进一步地,本申请提供的压控恒流源驱动电路设置隔离式栅极驱动器将连接比较输出电路的第一电源和连接开关电路的第二电源隔离,极大地拓展了电流取样电路的输出功率,解决了现有的恒流源电路应用于低压恒流场合时误差较大以及现有的恒流源电路输出的恒定电流小的问题;且本申请实施例提供的压控恒流源驱动电路从反馈到平衡的建立时间较快,有快速响应功能,输出精度高,在一定区间内输出连续可调,可以适应于多种恒流电路的要求。The voltage-controlled constant current source drive circuit provided by this application controls the on and off of the switch circuit by comparing the pulse signal output by the output circuit. When the frequency of the switch circuit on or off is constant, the current sampling circuit generates the first The current and the error voltage in the circuit, that is, the first voltage, amplifies the error voltage through the voltage amplifier circuit to generate a second voltage and input it to the feedback circuit, and the feedback circuit receives the analog voltage signal and the second voltage to eliminate the error voltage. When the voltage signal is equal to the second voltage signal, the circuit reaches a balanced state. The voltage-controlled constant-current source drive circuit provided by the application improves the error accuracy of the circuit. Further, the voltage-controlled constant-current source drive circuit provided by the application is provided with an isolated gate driver that will be connected to the first power supply and the connection of the comparison output circuit. The second power supply isolation of the switching circuit greatly expands the output power of the current sampling circuit, and solves the problem of large errors when the existing constant current source circuit is applied to low-voltage constant current occasions and the constant current output of the existing constant current source circuit. small problem; and the voltage-controlled constant current source drive circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application has a fast settling time from feedback to balance, has a fast response function, and has high output accuracy. The output is continuously adjustable within a certain range, and can be adapted to multiple requirements for a constant current circuit.

附图说明Description of drawings

为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or in the prior art, the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only for the application. For some embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort.

图1为本申请实施例提供的压控恒流源驱动电路的模块框图。FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a voltage-controlled constant current source drive circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application.

图2为本申请实施例提供的压控恒流源驱动电路的结构示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a voltage-controlled constant current source driving circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合本申请实施例中的附图,对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。应当明确,所描述的实施例仅是本申请一部分实施例,而不是全部实施例。基于本申请中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本申请保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application are clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It should be clear that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of this application.

本申请的说明书和权利要求书中的术语“第一”“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象,而不用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换,以便本申请的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的那些以外的顺序实施。The terms "first", "second" and the like in the specification and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific sequence or sequence. It is to be understood that the data so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application can be practiced in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein.

图1为本申请实施例提供的压控恒流源驱动电路的模块框图,如图1所示,本申请实施例提供的压控恒流源驱动电路包括比较输出电路101、开关电路102、电流取样电路103、电压放大电路104、数模转换电路108和反馈电路105。Fig. 1 is a module block diagram of the voltage-controlled constant current source drive circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application. As shown in Fig. 1, the voltage-controlled constant current source drive circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application includes a comparison output circuit 101, a switch circuit 102, a current Sampling circuit 103 , voltage amplifying circuit 104 , digital-to-analog conversion circuit 108 and feedback circuit 105 .

比较输出电路101用于接收第一输入信号和第二输入信号,根据第一输入信号和第二输入信号的比较结果输出第一脉冲信号;其中,第一输入信号为锯齿波,第二输入信号由反馈电路105输出,第一脉冲信号为第一输入信号和第二输入信号发生比较后生成的PWM波(Pulsewidthmodulation,脉冲宽度调制)。The comparison output circuit 101 is used to receive the first input signal and the second input signal, and output the first pulse signal according to the comparison result of the first input signal and the second input signal; wherein, the first input signal is a sawtooth wave, and the second input signal Outputted by the feedback circuit 105, the first pulse signal is a PWM wave (Pulsewidthmodulation, pulse width modulation) generated after the comparison between the first input signal and the second input signal.

在一些实施例中,如图1所示,本申请实施例提供的压控恒流源驱动电路还包括第一芯片106和锯齿波发生电路107,第一芯片106用于输出设定频率的方波,即第一芯片106所输出的方波的频率可以根据电路设计人员的需求进行设置,方波的频率即为压控恒流源驱动电路的开关周期;锯齿波发生电路107用于接收方波,输出与方波频率相同的锯齿波,即第一输入信号。In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1 , the voltage-controlled constant current source drive circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application further includes a first chip 106 and a sawtooth wave generating circuit 107, and the first chip 106 is used to output a set frequency. wave, that is, the frequency of the square wave output by the first chip 106 can be set according to the needs of circuit designers, and the frequency of the square wave is the switching period of the voltage-controlled constant current source drive circuit; the sawtooth wave generating circuit 107 is used for receiving wave, and output a sawtooth wave with the same frequency as the square wave, that is, the first input signal.

应当明确的是,本申请实施例提供的压控恒流源驱动电路中,第一输入信号并不仅局限于通过第一芯片106和锯齿波发生电路107产生,还可以通过其他与本申请实施例的第一芯片106和锯齿波发生电路107作用相同的电路替换。It should be clear that in the voltage-controlled constant current source driving circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application, the first input signal is not limited to be generated by the first chip 106 and the sawtooth wave generating circuit 107, and can also be generated by other The first chip 106 and the sawtooth wave generating circuit 107 are replaced by the same circuits.

在一些实施例中,如图1所示,本申请实施例提供的压控恒流源驱动电路还包括隔离式栅极驱动器108,隔离式栅极驱动器108的输入端和输出端分别与比较输出电路101和开关电路102连接,用于将连接比较输出电路的第一电源VCC与连接开关电路的第二电源VDD隔离,并根据第一脉冲信号驱动开关电路导通或截止,其中,连接比较输出电路的第一电源VCC为控制级的小电源,连接开关电路的第二电源VDD为功率级的大电源。In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1 , the voltage-controlled constant current source driving circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application further includes an isolated gate driver 108, and the input terminal and the output terminal of the isolated gate driver 108 are respectively connected to the comparison output The circuit 101 is connected to the switch circuit 102, and is used to isolate the first power supply VCC connected to the comparison output circuit from the second power supply VDD connected to the switch circuit, and drive the switch circuit to be turned on or off according to the first pulse signal, wherein the connection to the comparison output circuit The first power supply VCC of the circuit is a small power supply of the control stage, and the second power supply VDD connected to the switch circuit is a large power supply of the power stage.

开关电路102用于接收比较输出电路101输出的第一脉冲信号,根据第一脉冲信号的电平导通或截止;第一脉冲信号为PWM波调制信号,开关电路102102在接收到的第一脉冲信号为高电平时导通,在接收到的第一脉冲信号为低电平时截止;应当明确,本申请实施例中,开关电路102并不仅仅局限于高电平导通,低电平截止,还可以通过对开关电路102的重新设计实现开关电路102的低电平导通,高电平截止。The switch circuit 102 is used to receive the first pulse signal output by the comparison output circuit 101, and turn on or off according to the level of the first pulse signal; the first pulse signal is a PWM wave modulation signal, and the switch circuit 102102 receives the first pulse signal The signal is turned on when the signal is at a high level, and is turned off when the first received pulse signal is at a low level; The switch circuit 102 can also be turned on at a low level and turned off at a high level by redesigning the switch circuit 102 .

电流取样电路103用于根据开关电路102导通或截止的频率生成第一电流以及输出第一电压;第一电流即为本申请实施例提供的压控恒流源驱动电路所提供的恒定电流,第一电压为该电路的误差电压。The current sampling circuit 103 is used to generate a first current and output a first voltage according to the frequency at which the switch circuit 102 is turned on or off; the first current is the constant current provided by the voltage-controlled constant current source driving circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application, The first voltage is the error voltage of the circuit.

电压放大电路104用于接收第一电压,将第一电压放大后生成第二电压输出至反馈电路105。The voltage amplifying circuit 104 is used for receiving the first voltage, amplifying the first voltage to generate a second voltage and outputting it to the feedback circuit 105 .

反馈电路105用于接收模拟电压信号和第二电压,生成模拟电压信号和第二电压的差模电压,并对该差模电压进行积分处理,生成第二输入信号,反馈电路105为PID积分换,用于消除电路中的误差电压,当本申请实施例提供的压控恒流源驱动电路在初始状态时,反馈电路105只接收模拟电压信号。The feedback circuit 105 is used to receive the analog voltage signal and the second voltage, generate the differential mode voltage of the analog voltage signal and the second voltage, and perform integral processing on the differential mode voltage to generate the second input signal, and the feedback circuit 105 is a PID integral converter , used to eliminate the error voltage in the circuit. When the voltage-controlled constant current source driving circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application is in the initial state, the feedback circuit 105 only receives the analog voltage signal.

其中,模拟电压信号由数模转换电路108生成,电路设计人员或应用人员通过设置模拟电压信号的值以确定所需的恒定电流值。Wherein, the analog voltage signal is generated by the digital-to-analog conversion circuit 108 , and circuit designers or application personnel determine the required constant current value by setting the value of the analog voltage signal.

图2为本申请实施例提供的压控恒流源驱动电路的结构示意图,如图2所示,在一些实施例中,如图2所示,锯齿波发生电路107包括第一三极管Q1、第一电容C1、第一电阻R1和钳位二极管D1。FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a voltage-controlled constant current source drive circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 2, in some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2, the sawtooth wave generating circuit 107 includes a first triode Q1 , a first capacitor C1, a first resistor R1 and a clamping diode D1.

第一三极管Q1的基极与第一芯片106连接,第一三极管Q1的发射极分别与第一电容C1的第一端和钳位二极管D1的阳极连接,第一三极管Q1的集电极分别与第一电容C1的第二端、第一电阻R1的第一端连接、钳位二极管D1的阴极和比较输出电路101连接,且第一电容C1的第一端还用于接地,第一电阻R1的第二端用于连接第一电源。The base of the first triode Q1 is connected to the first chip 106, the emitter of the first triode Q1 is respectively connected to the first end of the first capacitor C1 and the anode of the clamping diode D1, and the first triode Q1 The collector of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the second end of the first capacitor C1, the first end of the first resistor R1, the cathode of the clamping diode D1 is connected to the comparison output circuit 101, and the first end of the first capacitor C1 is also used for grounding , the second end of the first resistor R1 is used to connect to the first power supply.

锯齿波发生电路107接收第一芯片106产生的方波信号控制第一三极管Q1的导通和关断,通过第一电阻R1和第一电容C1的充放电形成和方波信号同频率的锯齿波信号;当第一三极管Q1截止时,电源通过第一电阻R1给第一电容C1充电,第一电容C1的电压缓慢抬升,当第一三极管Q1导通时,此时相当于一根导线,第一电容C1的电荷迅速被放掉,其电压接近直线下降,形成锯齿波。The sawtooth wave generating circuit 107 receives the square wave signal generated by the first chip 106 to control the turn-on and turn-off of the first triode Q1, and forms a circuit with the same frequency as the square wave signal by charging and discharging the first resistor R1 and the first capacitor C1. Sawtooth wave signal; when the first transistor Q1 is turned off, the power supply charges the first capacitor C1 through the first resistor R1, and the voltage of the first capacitor C1 slowly rises. When the first transistor Q1 is turned on, it is quite For a wire, the charge of the first capacitor C1 is rapidly discharged, and its voltage drops nearly linearly, forming a sawtooth wave.

比较输出电路101包括第一比较器A1,第一比较器A1的正相输入端与锯齿波发生电路107连接,用于接收锯齿波发生电路107输出的第一输入信号,第一比较器A1的反相输入端与反馈电路105连接,用于接收反馈电路105输出的第二输入信号,第一比较器A1的输出端与隔离式栅极驱动器108连接,经隔离式栅极驱动器108将第一脉冲信号输出至开关电路102以控制开关电路102导通或截止;应当明确,作为本领域公知常识的是,比较器除包括有正相输入端、反相输入端和输出端外,还包括有正压端和负压端,正压端用于连接正电压,负压端用于连接负电压或接地,本申请实施例中,第一比较器A1的正压端用于连接第一电源VCC,负压端用于接地。The comparison output circuit 101 includes a first comparator A1, the non-inverting input terminal of the first comparator A1 is connected with the sawtooth wave generation circuit 107, and is used to receive the first input signal output by the sawtooth wave generation circuit 107, the first comparator A1 The inverting input terminal is connected to the feedback circuit 105 for receiving the second input signal output by the feedback circuit 105, the output terminal of the first comparator A1 is connected to the isolated gate driver 108, and the first The pulse signal is output to the switch circuit 102 to control the switch circuit 102 to be turned on or off; it should be clear that, as common knowledge in the art, the comparator also includes a non-inverting input terminal, an inverting input terminal and an output terminal, and Positive voltage terminal and negative voltage terminal, the positive voltage terminal is used to connect to positive voltage, and the negative voltage terminal is used to connect to negative voltage or ground. In the embodiment of this application, the positive voltage terminal of the first comparator A1 is used to connect to the first power supply VCC , The negative voltage terminal is used for grounding.

开关电路102包括第一MOS管Q2,第一MOS管Q2的栅极与隔离式栅极驱动器108连接,用于经隔离式栅极驱动器108接收比较输出电路输出的第一脉冲信号,第一MOS管Q2的源极与电流取样电路103连接,第一MOS管Q2的漏极用于连接第二电源VDD;应当明确,本申请实施例设置N沟道MOS管作为电路开关,但通过电路设计,依然可以设置P沟通MOS管作为电路开关。The switch circuit 102 includes a first MOS transistor Q2, the gate of the first MOS transistor Q2 is connected to the isolated gate driver 108, and is used to receive the first pulse signal output by the comparison output circuit through the isolated gate driver 108, and the first MOS transistor Q2 The source of the transistor Q2 is connected to the current sampling circuit 103, and the drain of the first MOS transistor Q2 is used to connect to the second power supply VDD; it should be clear that the embodiment of the present application sets the N-channel MOS transistor as a circuit switch, but through the circuit design, It is still possible to set the P communication MOS tube as a circuit switch.

电流取样电路103包括续流二极管D2、第一电感L1、第二电容C2、第二电阻R2和取样电阻Rm。The current sampling circuit 103 includes a freewheeling diode D2, a first inductor L1, a second capacitor C2, a second resistor R2 and a sampling resistor Rm.

续流二极管D2的阴极分别与开关电路102和第一电感L1的第一端连接,续流二极管D2的阳极用于接地,第一电感L1的第二端分别与第二电容C2的第一端和第二电阻R2的第一端连接,第二电容C2的第二端和第二电阻R2的第二端均与取样电阻Rm的第一端连接,取样电阻Rm的第一端还与电压放大电路104连接,取样电阻Rm的第二端用于接地。The cathode of the freewheeling diode D2 is respectively connected to the switch circuit 102 and the first end of the first inductor L1, the anode of the freewheeling diode D2 is used for grounding, and the second end of the first inductor L1 is respectively connected to the first end of the second capacitor C2 It is connected to the first end of the second resistor R2, the second end of the second capacitor C2 and the second end of the second resistor R2 are connected to the first end of the sampling resistor Rm, and the first end of the sampling resistor Rm is also connected to the voltage amplifier The circuit 104 is connected, and the second end of the sampling resistor Rm is used for grounding.

本申请实施例提供的压控恒流源驱动电路,当第一脉冲信号处于低电平时,第一MOS管Q2截止,此时电流取样电路103的第一电感L1通过第二电阻R2和取样电阻Rm后接地,并通过续流二极管D2回流到第一电感L1的第一端,当第一MOS管Q2导通或截止的频率和第一脉冲信号的脉冲宽度设置合适时,电流取样电路103就能输出一恒定的电流值,即第一电路。同时,当第一电流流经取样电阻Rm时候,会在取样电阻Rm的上形成一个取样电压值,即第一电压,第一电压即为误差电压。In the voltage-controlled constant current source driving circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application, when the first pulse signal is at a low level, the first MOS transistor Q2 is turned off, and at this time, the first inductance L1 of the current sampling circuit 103 passes through the second resistor R2 and the sampling resistor Rm is then grounded, and flows back to the first end of the first inductor L1 through the freewheeling diode D2. When the frequency of the first MOS transistor Q2 being turned on or off and the pulse width of the first pulse signal are set properly, the current sampling circuit 103 is It can output a constant current value, which is the first circuit. At the same time, when the first current flows through the sampling resistor Rm, a sampling voltage value, that is, the first voltage, will be formed on the sampling resistor Rm, and the first voltage is the error voltage.

电压放大电路104包括第三电阻R3、第四电阻R4、第五电阻R5、第六电阻R6、第七电阻R7和第一运算放大器W1。The voltage amplifying circuit 104 includes a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7 and a first operational amplifier W1.

第三电阻R3的两端分别与第一运算放大器W1的正相输入端和第四电阻R4的第一端连接,第五电阻R5的两端分别与第一运算放大器W1的反相输入端和第四电阻R4的第二端连接,且第四电阻R4的第二端还与电流取样电路103连接。The two ends of the third resistor R3 are respectively connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier W1 and the first terminal of the fourth resistor R4, and the two ends of the fifth resistor R5 are respectively connected to the inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier W1 and the first terminal of the fourth resistor R4. The second end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected, and the second end of the fourth resistor R4 is also connected to the current sampling circuit 103 .

第六电阻R6的第一端与第一运算放大器W1的正相输入端连接,第六电阻R6的第二端用于接地。A first end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the non-inverting input end of the first operational amplifier W1, and a second end of the sixth resistor R6 is used for grounding.

第七电阻R7的两端分别与第一运算放大器W1的反相输入端和第一运算放大器W1的输出端连接,运算放大器的输出端还与反馈电路105连接。Both ends of the seventh resistor R7 are respectively connected to the inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier W1 and the output terminal of the first operational amplifier W1 , and the output terminal of the operational amplifier is also connected to the feedback circuit 105 .

反馈电路105包括第二运算放大器W2、第八电阻R8、第九电阻R9和第三电容C3。The feedback circuit 105 includes a second operational amplifier W2, an eighth resistor R8, a ninth resistor R9 and a third capacitor C3.

第二运算放大器W2的正相输入端与电压放大电路104连接,第二运算放大器W2的反相输入端分别与第八电阻R8和第二电容C2连接,第二运算放大器W2的输出端与第九电阻R9连接,且第九电阻R9还与第二电容C2连接,第八电阻R8还用于连接数模转换电路108。The non-inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier W2 is connected to the voltage amplifying circuit 104, the inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier W2 is respectively connected to the eighth resistor R8 and the second capacitor C2, and the output terminal of the second operational amplifier W2 is connected to the first capacitor C2. Nine resistors R9 are connected, and the ninth resistor R9 is also connected to the second capacitor C2, and the eighth resistor R8 is also used to connect to the digital-to-analog conversion circuit 108 .

电压放大电路104将第一电压放大后输出至反馈电路105,反馈电路105的反相输入端接收模拟电压信号,与第一电压差模电压,反馈电路105为PID积分环,当第一电压与模拟电压信号相等时,即电路平衡时,反馈电路105输出的第二入信号将是恒定值,同时,当第二输入信号恒定时,其和第一输入信号经比较输出电路101输出的第一脉冲信号也会被确定,此时电路输出的第一电流恒定。The voltage amplifying circuit 104 amplifies the first voltage and outputs it to the feedback circuit 105. The inverting input terminal of the feedback circuit 105 receives the analog voltage signal, which is a differential mode voltage with the first voltage. The feedback circuit 105 is a PID integrating loop. When the first voltage and When the analog voltage signals are equal, that is, when the circuit is balanced, the second input signal output by the feedback circuit 105 will be a constant value. The pulse signal is also determined, and the first current output by the circuit is constant at this time.

应当明确,作为本领域公知常识的是,运算放大器除包括有正相输入端、反相输入端和输出端外,还包括有正压端和负压端,正压端用于连接正电压,负压端用于连接负电压或接地,本申请实施例中,第一运算放大器W1第二运算放大器W2的正压端用于连接第一电源VCC,负压端用于接地。It should be clear that, as common knowledge in the field, the operational amplifier includes, in addition to the non-inverting input terminal, the inverting input terminal and the output terminal, it also includes a positive voltage terminal and a negative voltage terminal, and the positive voltage terminal is used to connect to a positive voltage. The negative voltage terminal is used to connect to a negative voltage or ground. In the embodiment of the present application, the positive voltage terminal of the first operational amplifier W1 and the second operational amplifier W2 is used to connect to the first power supply VCC, and the negative voltage terminal is used to be grounded.

其中,模拟电压信号由数模转换电路108生成,数模转换电路108包括数模转换器,将需要转换的数字电压信号转换为模拟电压信号输出至反馈电路105。Wherein, the analog voltage signal is generated by the digital-to-analog conversion circuit 108 , and the digital-to-analog conversion circuit 108 includes a digital-to-analog converter, which converts the digital voltage signal to be converted into an analog voltage signal and outputs it to the feedback circuit 105 .

本申请实施例提供的压控恒流源驱动电路,在电流取样电路中设置第一电感平衡存储电流,电路中的误差电压为电流取样电路中第二电阻的低电位与地之间悬浮一个较小电位;即使电流为百安培级别也能通过该较小电位经过电压放大电路后直接与反馈电路连接,解决了运算放大器因饱和电压电流的限制无法输出大电流的问题,拓宽了恒流源驱动电路的输出功率,解决了现有的恒流源电路应用于低压恒流场合时误差较大以及现有的恒流源电路输出的恒定电流小的问题;且本申请实施例提供的压控恒流源驱动电路从反馈到平衡的建立时间较快,有快速响应功能,输出精度高,在一定区间内输出连续可调,可以适应于多种恒流电路的要求。In the voltage-controlled constant current source driving circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application, a first inductor is set in the current sampling circuit to balance the storage current, and the error voltage in the circuit is a relatively low voltage floating between the low potential of the second resistor in the current sampling circuit and the ground. Small potential; even if the current is a hundred amperes, it can be directly connected to the feedback circuit after passing through the voltage amplification circuit through the small potential, which solves the problem that the operational amplifier cannot output large current due to the limitation of saturation voltage and current, and broadens the constant current source drive The output power of the circuit solves the problem that the existing constant current source circuit has a large error when it is applied to a low-voltage constant current occasion and the problem that the constant current output by the existing constant current source circuit is small; and the voltage-controlled constant current provided by the embodiment of the application The current source drive circuit has a fast establishment time from feedback to balance, has a fast response function, and has high output precision. The output can be continuously adjusted within a certain range, and can adapt to the requirements of various constant current circuits.

以上内容是结合具体的实施方式对本申请所作的进一步详细说明,不能认定本申请的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本申请所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本申请构思的前提下,还可以做出若干简单推演或替换,都应视为本申请的保护范围。The above content is a further detailed description of the present application in conjunction with specific implementation modes, and it cannot be considered that the specific implementation of the present application is limited to these descriptions. For those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this application belongs, some simple deduction or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of this application, which should be regarded as the protection scope of this application.

Claims (10)

1. A voltage controlled constant current source driving circuit, comprising:
the comparison output circuit is used for receiving a first input signal and a second input signal and outputting a first pulse signal according to the comparison result of the first input signal and the second input signal;
the switching circuit is used for receiving the first pulse signal and is switched on or off according to the level of the first pulse signal;
the current sampling circuit is used for generating a first current and outputting a first voltage according to the on-off frequency of the switching circuit;
the voltage amplifying circuit is used for receiving the first voltage, amplifying the first voltage and then generating a second voltage output;
the digital-to-analog conversion circuit is used for generating an analog voltage signal output, and the analog voltage signal is used for controlling the magnitude of the first current;
and the feedback circuit is used for receiving the analog voltage signal and the second voltage, generating a differential mode voltage of the analog voltage signal and the second voltage, and integrating the differential mode voltage to generate a second input signal.
2. The voltage controlled constant current source drive circuit according to claim 1, further comprising an isolated gate driver;
the input end of the isolated gate driver is connected with the comparison output circuit, the output end of the isolated gate driver is connected with the switch circuit, and the isolated gate driver is used for isolating a first power supply connected with the comparison output circuit from a second power supply connected with the switch circuit and driving the switch circuit to be turned on or off according to a first pulse signal output by the comparison output circuit.
3. The voltage controlled constant current source driving circuit according to claim 2, further comprising a first chip and a sawtooth wave generating circuit;
the first chip is used for outputting square waves with set frequency;
the sawtooth wave generating circuit is used for receiving the square wave and outputting the first input signal with the same frequency as the square wave.
4. The voltage controlled constant current source driving circuit according to claim 3, wherein the sawtooth wave generating circuit comprises a first triode, a first capacitor, a first resistor and a clamping diode;
the base of the first triode is connected with the first chip, the emitter of the first triode is connected with the first end of the first capacitor and the anode of the clamping diode respectively, the collector of the first triode is connected with the second end of the first capacitor, the first end of the first resistor, the cathode of the clamping diode and the comparison output circuit respectively, the first end of the first capacitor is further connected with the ground, and the second end of the first resistor is connected with a first power supply.
5. The voltage controlled constant current source drive circuit according to claim 3, wherein said comparison output circuit comprises a first comparator;
the non-inverting input end of the first comparator is connected with the sawtooth wave generating circuit, the inverting input end of the first comparator is connected with the feedback circuit, and the output end of the first comparator is connected with the isolated gate driver.
6. The voltage controlled constant current source driving circuit according to claim 3, wherein the switching circuit comprises a first MOS transistor;
the grid electrode of the first MOS tube is connected with the isolated grid electrode driver, the source electrode of the first MOS tube is connected with the current sampling circuit, and the drain electrode of the first MOS tube is used for being connected with a second power supply.
7. The voltage controlled constant current source drive circuit according to claim 3, wherein the current sampling circuit comprises a freewheeling diode, a first inductor, a second capacitor, a second resistor, and a sampling resistor;
the cathode of the free-wheeling diode is connected with the switch circuit and the first end of the first inductor respectively, the anode of the free-wheeling diode is used for being grounded, the second end of the first inductor is connected with the first end of the second capacitor and the first end of the second resistor respectively, the second end of the second capacitor and the second end of the second resistor are connected with the first end of the sampling resistor, the first end of the sampling resistor is also connected with the voltage amplifying circuit, and the second end of the sampling resistor is used for being grounded.
8. The voltage controlled constant current source driving circuit according to claim 3, wherein the voltage amplifying circuit comprises a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, and a first operational amplifier;
the two ends of the third resistor are respectively connected with the non-inverting input end of the first operational amplifier and the first end of the fourth resistor, the two ends of the fifth resistor are respectively connected with the inverting input end of the first operational amplifier and the second end of the fourth resistor, and the second end of the fourth resistor is also connected with the current sampling circuit;
the first end of the sixth resistor is connected with the non-inverting input end of the first operational amplifier, and the second end of the sixth resistor is used for being grounded;
and two ends of the seventh resistor are respectively connected with the inverting input end of the first operational amplifier and the output end of the first operational amplifier, and the output end of the operational amplifier is also connected with the feedback circuit.
9. The voltage controlled constant current source drive circuit according to claim 3, wherein the feedback circuit comprises a second operational amplifier, an eighth resistor, a ninth resistor, and a third capacitor;
the non-inverting input end of the second operational amplifier is connected with the voltage amplifying circuit, the inverting input end of the second operational amplifier is respectively connected with the eighth resistor and the second capacitor, the output end of the second operational amplifier is connected with the ninth resistor, the ninth resistor is also connected with the second capacitor, and the eighth resistor is also used for being connected with the digital-to-analog conversion circuit.
10. The voltage controlled constant current source drive circuit according to claim 3, wherein said digital-to-analog conversion circuit comprises a digital-to-analog converter, said digital-to-analog converter being coupled to said feedback circuit.
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CN116741115A (en) * 2023-05-08 2023-09-12 深圳市贰陆陆科技有限公司 Adjustable driving circuit, driving system and liquid crystal display device
CN116794109A (en) * 2023-08-25 2023-09-22 中国环境科学研究院 Soil restoration monitoring system
CN119340776A (en) * 2024-10-22 2025-01-21 哈尔滨工程大学 A high-frequency controllable seed light pump amplifier driver and driving circuit

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