CN116004934A - Catenary top-combustion hot-blast stove of high-power long-life combination body - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a catenary top-fired hot blast stove with a high-power and long-life combination, which can further increase the power of the existing catenary top-fired hot blast stove and prolong the life of the hot blast stove. The technical solution is to include a furnace body The furnace body is composed of a vault, a combustion chamber, a heat storage chamber and a cold air chamber at the bottom of the furnace body from top to bottom. The combustion chamber is an integrated structure composed of an upper vault inner wall and a lower straight wall inner wall. The section wall is provided with a gas equalizing chamber, and the wall of the gas equalizing chamber is provided with an equalizing gas injection horizontal ventilation header connected to the burner, and the gas distribution between the equalizing jet horizontal ventilation header and the corresponding burner in the gas equalizing chamber The headers are connected, the structure design of the present invention is novel and unique, and it is energy-saving and environment-friendly. It can further increase the power of the existing catenary top-fired hot blast stove, prolong the life of the hot blast stove, reduce consumption, and prolong the life of the hot blast stove. It is a catenary Innovation in line top-fired hot air stoves.

Description

A Catenary Top Combustion Hot Blast Stove with High Power and Long Life Combination

technical field

The invention relates to a hot blast stove, in particular to a catenary top-combustion hot blast stove with high power and long service life.

Background technique

The hot blast outlet of the blast furnace top-fired hot blast stove has always been at the outlet of the straight section of the hot blast stove. Due to the effects of pressure (combustion period), tension (air supply period) and thermal expansion force, the hot blast outlet is easily damaged; A large amount of bricks is used for the export of the furnace straight section, which increases the infrastructure investment.

Among the internal combustion, external combustion and top-combustion hot blast stoves, it is currently recognized that the top-combustion hot blast stove has the lowest investment, the most uniform heating, and the most stable structure. There are two types of top-fired hot blast stoves, one is the Kalukin hot stove represented by the small Kalukin hat, and the other is the Yuxing hot blast stove represented by the Yuxing catenary vault. The burner of the Karl's hot blast stove is set on the furnace wall of the small hat. Due to the limitation of the small diameter, with the increase of the air volume entering the furnace, the outlet can be divided into two layers, three layers, and four layers. The gas and air are respectively Swirling flow; the burner of Yuxing hot blast stove is installed at the lower part of the large catenary vault. Due to the large diameter, the nozzles are not restricted. The catenary goes up to the top of the catenary and turns back down, forming an eddy current. Because the gas and air of the Karst hot blast stove are injected in layers, the mixing is not good, the combustion port is large, and it belongs to long flame combustion; the outlet of the Karl blast stove is limited by the layout, so the power of the burner is small; the Karl hot blast stove Because of the swirl injection, due to the effect of centrifugal force, the edge airflow is large when the flow velocity is high, and the edge airflow is small when the flow velocity is small, and the airflow distribution is uneven. The gas and air of the Yuxing hot blast stove are sprayed upwards alternately, but there is no pre-mixing chamber, and it is mixed after spraying, which is still not a short-flame combustion; because the burner of the Yuxing hot blast stove is installed on the large catenary vault At the bottom of the straight wall section, the gas and air are respectively arranged along the outer circumference of the inner wall, so the power of the burner is large; however, the amount of bricks used is large. Once the burner section and vault are damaged and overhauled, the upper straight section and vault must be removed for maintenance. On the other hand, since the burner nozzle plane is at the same level as the regenerator wall plane and the regenerator bed surface, the burner In the overhaul of ring road damage and holes, the corresponding checker bricks of the heat storage body must be removed, which greatly increases the difficulty of maintenance points and the time of the project, and the biggest impact of nozzle damage is the support of the upper straight section of the large wall and the vault structure. Stability, because the distance between the nozzle structure and the height of the vault is too large, the gas and air combustion products sprayed upwards cannot reach the upper space of the vault, resulting in too large vault space, resulting in large heat loss, and a large temperature difference between vault combustion and air supply , threatening the stability of the vault structure, and many other disadvantages and defects urgently need to be solved in order to further increase power, reduce consumption, and prolong the life of the hot blast stove. Therefore, the improvement and innovation of the catenary top-fired hot blast stove is urgently needed Solved technical problems.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above situation, in order to solve the defects of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a catenary top-fired hot blast stove with a high-power and long-life combination, which can further increase the power of the existing catenary top-fired hot blast stove , Extend the life of the hot blast stove.

The technical solution solved by the present invention is to include a furnace body, the furnace body is composed of a vault, a combustion chamber, a regenerator and a cold air chamber at the bottom of the furnace body from top to bottom, and the combustion chamber is composed of the upper vault inner wall and the lower direct The one-piece structure formed by the inner wall of the section wall, the gas equalizing chamber is arranged in the straight section wall, and the gas evenly distributing room wall is provided with an evenly distributing horizontal ventilation header connected to the burner, and the gas uniformly dividing horizontally ventilating header is connected with the gas The gas distribution headers of the corresponding burners in the equalizing chamber are connected, and the burner air equalizing chamber connected with the burner is connected on the outer wall of the regenerator under the burner, and the outer wall of the straight section of the combustion chamber is provided with The gas inlet pipe connects with the hot air outlet connected to the combustion chamber. A gas equalizing chamber connected with the gas inlet pipe is arranged in the straight section wall. The gas equalizing chamber is connected with the air gas mixing chamber through the gas distribution header. The air inlet pipe is arranged on the outer wall of the equalizing chamber, and the air inlet pipe is connected with the air ring channel built in the wall of the burner air equalizing chamber. connected.

The present invention has novel and unique structural design, energy saving and environmental protection, can further increase the power of the existing catenary top-fired hot blast stove, prolong the life of the hot blast stove, reduce consumption, prolong the life of the hot blast stove, and is a catenary top-fired hot blast stove The innovation on the furnace has good economic and social benefits.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of the structural section of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a connection diagram of various components of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the sectional structure along the line A-A in Fig. 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the B-B direction of Fig. 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the C-C cross-sectional structure in Fig. 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the D-D cross-sectional structure in FIG. 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is Embodiment 1 of the mixed combustion mode of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is Embodiment 2 of the mixed combustion mode of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is Embodiment 3 of the mixed combustion mode of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Provided by Fig. 1-9, the present invention comprises furnace body 1, and furnace body 1 is made of dome 2, combustion chamber 3, heat storage chamber 4 and cold air chamber 5 at the bottom of furnace body from top to bottom, and combustion chamber 3 is made of The inner wall of the upper vault and the inner wall of the straight section of the lower part constitute an integrated structure. A gas equalizing chamber 10 is arranged in the straight section of the wall. The pipe 17, the uniform injection horizontal ventilation header 17 is connected with the gas distribution header 11 of the burner correspondingly arranged in the gas distribution chamber 10, and the bottom of the burner 6 is connected with the burner 6 on the outer wall of the regenerator 4. The burner air equalizing chamber 7, the outer wall of the straight section wall of the combustion chamber 3 is provided with a gas inlet pipe 8 and a hot air outlet 9 connected with the combustion chamber 3, and a gas inlet pipe 8 is provided in the straight section wall. The gas equalizing chamber 10, the gas equalizing chamber 10 communicates with the air gas mixing chamber 12 through the gas distribution header 11, the outer wall of the burner air equalizing chamber 7 is provided with an air inlet pipe 13, and the air inlet pipe 13 is connected to the burner air equalizing chamber 7 The built-in air loop 14 in the wall is connected, the air loop 14 is connected with the air gas mixing chamber 12 through the air distribution header 15, and the air gas mixing chamber 12 is connected with the nozzle 16.

In order to ensure the use effect, the nozzle 16 is a flat mouth nozzle, and the nozzles are arranged alternately according to the inclination angle of 15°, 25°, and 35°. The mixing effect is good, and the gas and air are fully cut to form more and finer streams, so that the nitrogen oxides are lower while the air temperature is high, so that the mixed combustion gas of gas and air can be sprayed to the top of the vault, effectively utilizing the mixing Burn space to promote mixing.

The outlet of the nozzle 16 is provided with an inclined slope with an angle of 30 to 45° C., the main function of which is to clean up the shedding objects from the vault and roll down quickly, so as to prevent particles and broken bricks from clogging the nozzle hole.

The nozzle 16 is made of explosion-proof, high-temperature, thermal-shock-resistant prefabricated ceramics to ensure its service life.

The hot air outlet is made of high aluminum material.

The air distribution header 15 is arranged on the top of the air inlet pipe 13, and can be directly vertically connected with the air gas mixing chamber 12 up and down.

The joints of the gas distribution header 11, the air distribution header 15 and the air gas mixing chamber 12 are connected at an angle of 25°.

The gas distribution header 11 and the air gas mixing chamber 12 are connected at an angle of 25°, and the air distribution header 15 is vertically connected with the air gas mixing chamber 12 .

The included angle between the gas distribution header 11 and the air distribution header 15 is 50°.

The gas distribution chamber 10 and the gas distribution header 11 are arranged in parallel, and the inner wall is a ring partition wall and a large wall supporting the vault, which is separated from the header wall. At the same time, this part is partially made of high-strength corundum mullite Brick masonry, these measures, even if the nozzle header is damaged by misoperation, the partition wall supporting the vault will not be damaged.

The upper part of the hot air outlet is supported by double-pipe rotating bricks, and the first ring brick of the hot air outlet adopts an R arc angle to protect the hot air outlet bricks from being damaged under high-speed flow conditions.

The vault 2 is a catenary vault.

The burner 6 is a uniform flow burner.

The grid bricks in the center of the grid brick bed surface in the heat storage chamber are stacked in a trapezoidal shape to adjust the distribution of the gas flow field and improve the utilization rate of the grid bricks.

A nitrogen purge pipe around the furnace body is arranged in parallel above the gas inlet pipe 8, and a plurality of nitrogen branch pipes are connected to the nitrogen purge pipe. The coal gas is replaced by inert gas, and because the purge is replaced by inert gas evenly, nitrogen will be saved and less cold air will enter the hot blast stove to affect the wind temperature.

The cold air chamber 5 communicates with the cold air inlet and the flue gas outlet provided on the outer wall of the furnace.

The height of the vault and the bed surface of the regenerator are below 8000 mm.

The thickness between the straight section at the bottom of the vault and the gas distribution header 11 is greater than 400 mm.

The use of the present invention is that the hot air outlet is set at the gas inlet pipeline section and passes through the gas pipeline and the inner and outer partition walls. Since the hot air outlet section is made of high-aluminum material with a negligible volumetric expansion, it is located between the supporting plates. On the top, there is no expansion stress and will not be damaged; the upper part of the hot air outlet is supported by double-pipe swivel bricks, and there is only a catenary vault structure with compressive stress. The local large wall of the hot air outlet is recessed on the same level as the partition wall of the vault to reduce the air flow resistance of the air supply. The first ring brick of the hot air outlet adopts an R arc angle to protect the hot air outlet brick from being damaged under high-speed flow, and the lower part of the vault is thickened. The thickness between the straight section and the gas distribution header 11, its thickness is greater than 400 mm, any design of this thickness before this is all in 200-230 mm, the anti-knocking effect on the gas distribution header 11 and the support vault straight section large wall gas The destruction and damage of the blast force at the entrance; since the height of the vault and the height of the bed surface of the regenerator is reduced from 10,000 mm in the past to below 8,000 mm in the present invention, and there is no high-risk area on the bed surface, the weak link of the manhole is banned and the setting At the upper end of the vault and the short pipe of the hot air outlet, a large flange hole is opened at the upper end of the arch, which is convenient for construction maintenance and people entering and exiting. When in use, open the flange and use a soft ladder to enter and exit, and the manhole set at the short hot air outlet pipe is for inspection and maintenance. The manhole, and the nozzle is an independent burner of high temperature and thermal shock resistant ceramics, which can be easily replaced. The nozzle 15 high temperature and thermal shock resistant ceramic body and slope can avoid the deposition of low-melting dust and the blockage caused by it. When the air flow enters the nozzle, it is uniform and balanced, and the center of the checker brick bed surface in the regenerator is stacked in a trapezoidal shape to adjust the distribution of the smoke flow field and improve the utilization rate of the checker bricks; the setting of the air ring will make the air fully fill the entire air ring to achieve air distribution. Uniform, the vault and the gas inlet pipe are integrated and independently supported on the upper furnace shell supporting plate, the gas equalizing chamber and the gas air distribution header are integrated, independently supported and welded on the supporting plate in the middle of the furnace shell, and the regenerator is large The wall and the cold air chamber are integrated and independently supported on the furnace bottom shell. The gas distribution chamber on the vault is connected with the air ring and header by slip joint sealing, and the air ring, header and the large wall of the regenerator are sealed by slip joint. Combined with the labyrinth connection structure, it adopts a stress-free structure with reasonable stress, only compressive stress, no shear stress, expansion force, etc. The furnace shell is simpler and only serves as a composite structure with a reasonable stress without any complicated structure. , the structure is stable and the service life can be as long as more than 50 years; the nozzle structures with different inclination angles are set up. The main purpose of this setting is to use the momentum of the gas injection to be greater than that of the air to make it mix and cause it to reach the top of the vault to form a strong swirling effect , There is enough mixed combustion space and low nitrogen power, powerful and uniformly mixed combustion nozzles, so that the combustion products can be completely burned before entering the checker brick bed, and the hot air outlet can also be designed to the top of the vault.

The improved main features of the present invention are as follows: one is that the integrated structure of the catenary vault and the gas distribution chamber is arranged on the peripheral part of the burner, and at the same time, the hot air outlet is also arranged above the wall of the gas distribution chamber in the straight section of the vault, such that The setting makes the structure of the gas distribution chamber independent and stable, and the vault structure is correspondingly stable, and this part is directly supported on the support plate of the furnace shell, separated from the lower structure, avoiding the damage of the cumulative expansion of the refractory gas under the thermal state ( See the upper part of the split diagram of each part in attached drawing 2). The second is that the easily damaged burner is independent and directly exposed to the combustion chamber. The independence of this part also increases the thickness of the wall of the gas distribution chamber, which increases the strength of knocking or explosion resistance due to misoperation. The nozzle is changed from the previous plane The shape is optimized into an angled slope shape to prevent the slag erosion and ash formed by gas dust from covering the nozzle structure. Since the burner is exposed to the combustion chamber and the upper part of the large wall of the regenerator, when the burner is damaged, it can be easily and directly removed. The burner wall is replaced to facilitate construction and reduce working hours. The nozzle of the burner is made of anti-violence pouring. The range adjusts the width of the upward injection of combustion products, which makes full and effective use of the combustion chamber space, reduces the height of the furnace body, and reduces heat dissipation losses (see the split diagram of the upper burner in the split diagram of each part in Attachment 2 and the accompanying drawings) 3. Attachment 4); Third, the parallel masonry of the large wall of the air distribution chamber and the regenerator has sufficient thickness to keep the air distribution chamber at a safe temperature gradient during combustion and air supply, and prolong the life of the air distribution chamber (See the split diagram of the air equalization chamber in the middle of the split diagram of each part in the accompanying drawing 2 and the attached drawings 5 and 6). Fourth, the large wall of the regenerator and the large wall of the cold air chamber are directly built on the bottom of the furnace shell (see the subdivision diagram of the lower part of the regenerator and the cold air in the attached diagram of each part in Attachment 2), thus forming four upper and lower parts It is combined, each part is independently supported, free to expand and contract, complementary interference, stable structure, high wind temperature, high combustion power, and multi-angle coverage of the smoke products sprayed by the nozzle, and two nozzles with the center of the combustion chamber as the center The ultra-narrow and flat configuration of the radiation makes the nozzles more dense and more, which increases the gas and air injection flow and combustion power, and makes the gas and air mix more uniformly, and the combustion is more complete, and the combustion products are sprayed upwards at multiple angles through the combustion chamber , high efficiency, low nitrogen oxides, and the structural life is synchronized with the life of the hot blast stove body.

Regarding the nozzle structure; Figure 7 shows the nozzle structure of a separate combination of gas and air, the pressure and flow of gas and air are evenly matched, the deviation is small, the mixing is relatively uniform, and the combustion is relatively complete, one of the chamber burner structures; and the nozzle in Figure 7 Compared with the structure, Fig. 8 is the same nozzle structure with separate combination of gas and air, the pressure and flow of gas and air are evenly matched, the deviation is small, the mixing is relatively uniform, and the combustion is relatively complete. The difference is that the air nozzle is vertically upward spraying, The gas nozzle is an inclined injection with an angle. Such a nozzle setting increases the swirl strength when the combustion products are injected into the combustion chamber space, and fully exerts the special characteristic of the gas momentum flow. The increase of the swirl is the smoke flow field. It tends to be more uniform, which is conducive to improving the utilization rate of checker bricks and improving the thermal efficiency of the hot blast stove. The effective subdivision is to set the nozzles in a radial, flat and narrow type, increase the number of nozzles, and increase the combustion power of the nozzles. The interlaced mixing of flat and narrow nozzles is the requirement for uniform mixing of gas and air in advance, complete combustion, and gas saving, but the difference is different. The purpose is to ensure that when the combustion products are sprayed upward into the combustion chamber space, such a setting will interfere with the swirling flow, resulting in uneven smoke flow field. Therefore, the nozzle structure adopts the gas and air branch pipes of each branch Different geometric dimensions and different flow rates are used to adjust the flow rate to achieve the normal swirl structure of effective complementary interference during the upward injection of gas and air combustion products into the combustion chamber space.

In the present invention, the gas inlet pipe is lifted above the bed surface of the checker brick regenerator to avoid the damage caused by the gas distribution manifold and the corresponding ring wall local detonation caused by the wrong operation of nitrogen purging. It can be repaired and repaired without dismantling the checker brick heat storage body. The gas inlet pipe and air inlet pipe are independently supported and welded on the supporting plate of the furnace body. Damage to the bridge partition bricks of the upper and lower ring roads will cause the burner to be scrapped. It has high power and long service life. It is an innovation in the catenary top-fired hot blast stove and has good economic and social benefits.

It should be pointed out that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. Any skilled person who is familiar with the profession, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, can use the above disclosed Equivalent embodiments in which the technical content is changed or modified into equivalent changes all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A catenary top-fired hot blast stove with high power and long life combination, comprising a furnace body (1), the furnace body (1) is composed of a vault (2), a combustion chamber (3), and a heat storage chamber from top to bottom. The chamber (4) and the cold air chamber (5) at the bottom of the furnace body are characterized in that the combustion chamber (3) is an integrated structure composed of the upper vault inner wall and the lower straight wall inner wall, and the straight wall A gas equalizing chamber (10) is arranged inside, and the wall of the gas equalizing chamber (10) is provided with an equalizing jet horizontal ventilation header (17) connected to the burner, and the equalizing jet horizontal ventilation manifold (17) and the gas equalizing chamber The gas distribution header (11) of the burner correspondingly arranged in (10) is connected, and the burner (6) connected with the burner (6) is connected to the outer wall of the regenerator (4) below the burner (6). Sub-chamber (7), the outer wall of the combustion chamber (3) straight section wall is provided with a gas inlet pipe (8) and a hot air outlet (9) connected with the combustion chamber (3), and the straight section wall is provided with a gas inlet pipe (8) connected to the combustion chamber (3). The gas distribution chamber (10) connected with the inlet pipe (8), the gas distribution chamber (10) is connected with the air gas mixing chamber (12) through the gas distribution header (11), and the burner air distribution chamber (7) on the outer wall An air inlet pipe (13) is provided, and the air inlet pipe (13) communicates with the air ring (14) built in the wall of the burner air distribution chamber (7), and the air ring (14) passes through the air distribution header (15) It communicates with the air gas mixing chamber (12), and the air gas mixing chamber (12) communicates with the nozzle (16). 2. The catenary top-fired hot blast stove of the high-power long-lived combination according to claim 1, wherein the nozzle (16) is a thin flat-mouth nozzle, and the nozzle is aligned with the centerline of the three rings up and down. Vertical inclination angles of 15°, 25°, and 35° are staggered, the purpose is to make cross-mixing at opposite angles more uniform and faster, the flame is shorter, and the mixing effect of the thin flat nozzle is good, and the gas and air are fully cut to form more and more uniform The mixed fine stream makes the nitrogen oxides lower while the air temperature is high, so that the mixed combustion gas of gas and air can be sprayed to the top of the vault, which effectively uses the mixed combustion space and promotes mixing. 3. The catenary top-fired hot blast stove of the high-power long-lived combination according to claim 1, wherein the nozzle (16) is made of explosion-proof, high-temperature, thermal-shock-resistant prefabricated ceramics, and the hot blast outlet is made of Made of high aluminum material. 4. The catenary top-fired hot blast stove of the high-power longevity combination according to claim 1, characterized in that, the gas distribution header (11), the air distribution header (15) are mixed with air gas Chamber (12) junction is 25 ° of oblique connection. 5. The catenary top-fired hot blast stove of the high-power long-life combination according to claim 1, characterized in that, the connection between the gas distribution header (11) and the empty gas mixing chamber (12) is in the shape of 25 ° inclined connection, the air distribution header (15) is vertically connected with the air gas mixing chamber (12). 6. The catenary top-fired hot blast stove of the high-power longevity combination according to claim 1, characterized in that the included angle between the gas distribution header (11) and the air distribution header (15) is 50° °. 7. The catenary top-fired hot blast stove with high-power and long-life combination according to claim 1, characterized in that, the upper part of the hot blast outlet is supported by double-pipe rotary bricks, and the first ring brick of the hot blast outlet is supported by R arc The checker bricks in the center of the checker brick bed surface in the regenerator are stacked in a trapezoidal shape to adjust the distribution of the flue gas flow field and improve the utilization rate of the checker bricks. 8. The catenary top-fired hot blast stove with high-power and long-life combination according to claim 1, characterized in that, the outlet of the nozzle (16) is provided with a slope with an angle of 30 to 45°C, mainly The function is to clean up the fallen objects from the vault and quickly roll down to prevent particles and broken bricks from clogging the nozzle hole. 9. The catenary top-fired hot blast stove of the high-power longevity combination according to claim 1, characterized in that, the vault (2) is a catenary vault, and the burner (6) is a uniform flow burner. 10. The catenary top-fired hot blast stove with high-power and long-life combination according to claim 1, characterized in that, above the gas inlet pipe (8), a nitrogen purge pipe is arranged in parallel around the furnace body , the nitrogen purge pipe is connected with a plurality of nitrogen branch pipes, and the nitrogen branch pipe is directly connected to the top of the nitrogen purge pipe. In this way, the residual gas in the upper part will be replaced by an inert gas during purging, and the nitrogen gas will be saved because the purge is replaced by an inert gas evenly. And less cold air enters the hot blast stove and the probability of affecting the wind temperature is reduced.

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