CN115813921B - 化合物16f16及其衍生物在制备抗乙型肝炎病毒药物中的应用 - Google Patents
化合物16f16及其衍生物在制备抗乙型肝炎病毒药物中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开化合物16F16及其衍生物的一种新用途,即其在制备抗乙型肝炎病毒药物中应用,采用化合物16F16能够在乙肝产毒细胞系HepG2.2.15上有效抑制HBsAg、HBeAg、HBV DNA的产生,能够在乙肝小鼠动物模型上抑制HBsAg、HBeAg、HBVDNA的产量,减轻小鼠肝脏临床病毒损伤,实验证明化合物16F16在体内外具有抗乙肝病毒作用,本发明为乙型肝炎新型治疗药物的开发提供了候选物质。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于抗病毒技术领域,具体涉及一种化合物16F16及其衍生物在制备抗乙型肝炎病毒药物中的应用。
背景技术
慢性乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染是一个重大的全球健康问题,但目前还没有完全治愈的治疗方法。乙肝病毒感染是肝炎的主要原因,它引发并推动发展到终末期肝病。紧凑的HBV基因组编码病毒DNA聚合酶、X蛋白(HBx)和病毒抗原(HBcAg, HBeAg和HBsAg)。作为目前世界上乙肝(HBV)感染人数最多的国家,据估计,我国目前慢性HBV感染者约7000万例,其中慢性乙型肝炎患者约2000-3000万例。一般来说,大多数宿主成年期的原发性HBV感染不会导致疾病,突出了HBV-宿主相互作用的自我限制性特征,其机制仍不完全清楚。
目前针对慢性HBV感染的治疗仅限于I型干扰素治疗或靶向病毒逆转录酶的核酸类似物(NAs)。然而,干扰素治疗副作用大,疗效也有限。虽然NAs对病毒血症有更好的耐受性和效力,但它不能导致功能性治愈,即清除HBsAg。宿主靶向策略可降低病毒耐药性的产生,可缩短药物研发周期、降低成本、减小安全性带来的风险。宿主靶向抗病毒药物开发可为病毒感染性疾病的防控和治疗提供一个新的有效的途径。
化合物16F16是一种蛋白质二硫键异构酶(PDI)抑制剂,其首次是在筛选防治亨廷顿蛋白诱导细胞凋亡的化合物中发现。PDI抑制剂16F16不仅能抑制错误折叠的蛋白突变体亨廷顿基因诱导的细胞凋亡,还能保护大鼠神经元免受Aβ肽引发的细胞死亡。PDI 抑制剂16F16可用于蛋白质二硫键异构酶介导的细胞信号传导研究。
目前,化合物16F16尚未被用于抗乙肝病毒药物的研究报道,是否具有抗HBV活性尚未清楚。
发明内容
本发明提供了PDI抑制剂16F16及其衍生物的一种新用途,即其在制备抗乙型肝炎病毒药物中应用,化合物16F16能够在HepG2.2.15细胞上和rAAV-HBV1.3感染小鼠乙型肝炎模型上有效抑制HBV表面抗原、e抗原和基因组DNA的产生。
所述化合物16F16别名: 2-(2-氯乙酰基)-1-甲基-2,3,4,9-四氢-1H-吡啶 [3,4-b] 吲哚-1-羧酸甲酯、2-(2-氯乙酰基)-2,3,4,9-四氢-1-甲基-1H-吡啶 [3,4-b] 吲哚-1-甲酸甲酯;化学结构式如下:
本发明所述抗乙型肝炎病毒的用途是以化合物16F16为活性成分,还可以加入一种或多种药物制剂上可接受的辅料,所述辅料包括药学领域常规的填充剂、稀释剂、粘合剂、赋形剂、吸收促进剂、填充剂、表面活性剂和稳定剂等,必要时还可加入香味剂、色素和甜味剂等;或者与其他活性成分复配发挥协同治疗乙型肝炎的作用;可以制成药剂学上适宜的使用剂型,例如胶囊、丸剂、粉剂、片剂、粒剂、口服液和注射液等多种形式。
本发明采用化合物16F16处理HepG2.2.15细胞,结果显示浓度4μg/mL以下的化合物16F16溶液没有细胞毒性;实验证明化合物16F16通过多宿主因子发挥抑制乙肝病毒的作用,进一步的体内攻毒实验表明,化合物16F16能够降解小鼠体内血清学指标HBsAg、HBeAg和HBV DNA的水平,有效降低肝组织的阳性细胞数量和病理损伤,对乙肝病毒感染的临床治疗具有重大意义和潜在应用价值,化合物16F16可以作为一种新的预防和治疗乙型肝炎的药品开发。
附图说明
图1为化合物16F16处理体外培养HepG2.2.15细胞72h后的细胞形态;
图2为化合物16F16处理HepG2.2.15细胞72h后的细胞活力结果;
图3为化合物16F16在细胞水平对乙肝病毒复制的抑制效果,其中A为细胞上清HBsAg的产生情况;B为细胞上清HBeAg的产生情况;
图4为化合物16F16在小鼠模型中对乙肝病毒复制的抑制效果,其中A图为HBV DNA拷贝数;B图为HBeAg的抑制率;C图为HBsAg的抑制率;
图5为化合物16F16和恩替卡韦对肝组织HBcAg表达和病理改变的影响,其中A图为免疫染色法检测肝组织形态(上图)和HBcAg表达(下图);B图为组织化学评分(H-score)结果;使用独立样本T检验确定统计学显著性差异,用星号表示(*p<0.05,**p<0.01)。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明,但本发明保护范围不局限于所述内容,实施例中使用的试剂和方法,如无特殊说明,均采用常规试剂和使用常规方法。
实施例1:化合物16F16不同浓度处理HepG2.2.15细胞的细胞活力测定
用DMSO配制浓度浓度为10mg/mL的16F16母液,再用完全培养基稀释制得浓度16μg/mL、8μg/mL、4μg/mL、2μg/mL、1μg/mL、0.5μg/mL、0.25μg/mL的化合物16F16溶液,将不同浓度的化合物16F16溶液100μL添加到提前一天铺板的HepG2.2.15细胞(105细胞)中,于37℃、5% CO2下处理3天,同时设置DMSO对照组、正常细胞Control组(不添加任何处理试剂),在倒置显微镜明场下观察细胞形态变化,然后在每孔细胞中加10μL TransDetect® CellCounting Kit (CCK),于37℃孵育2h后,用酶标仪测定450nm处的吸光度值。
细胞形态结果如图1所示,浓度16μg/mL 化合物16F16处理的细胞全部死亡,8μg/mL处理的细胞形态完全伸展、正常,但细胞增殖量低于浓度4μg/mL以下处理的细胞量,因此,4μg/mL及以下浓度无明显细胞毒性。
吸光度值结果见图2,从图中可以看出化合物16F16的细胞毒性呈现一定的浓度梯度依赖效应,特别是在8μg/mL及上浓度毒性较为明显,但4μg/mL以下浓度无明显毒性,这与细胞形态结果一致。
实施例2:不同浓度化合物16F16处理乙肝产毒细胞系HepG2.2.15细胞后细胞上清中的HBsAg(乙肝表面抗原)和HBeAg(乙肝e抗原)含量测定
用完全培养基配制浓度分别为8μg/mL、4μg/mL、2μg/mL、1μg/mL、0.5μg/mL、0.25μg/mL的化合物16F16完全培养基溶液,将含有不同浓度化合物16F16的完全培养基2mL/孔添加到提前一天铺至六孔板的HepG2.2.15细胞(2.5×106细胞)中处理3天,同时设置DMSO对照组、正常细胞Control组(不添加任何处理试剂),分别取上述处理组的细胞培养上清液各7.5μL和5μL,用PBS溶液进行10倍稀释,采用上海科华生物工程股份有限公司的HBsAg和HBeAg试剂盒测定HBsAg和HBeAg含量,具体步骤参考试剂盒说明书进行。
结果见图3,结果显示HBsAg和HBeAg的含量随药物浓度的增加而降低,不同浓度均有一定的抑制效果,且浓度梯度依赖趋势明显,在药物安全浓度上限4μg/mL处理三天即对HBV表面抗原抑制率达32.3%,对e抗原的抑制率达到27.32%;可见,化合物16F16具有明显的抗乙型肝炎病毒效果。
实施例3:化合物16F16在乙肝小鼠模型中的抗乙肝病毒效果评价
1、造模
实验动物为雄性C57/BL6小鼠(体重20-25g),将包装并纯化的rAAV-HBV1.3病毒以1.12×108vg/只尾静脉注射小鼠15只,6周后尾静脉采血清,室温静置1小时后,于4℃冰箱过夜,3000rpm离心10min,分离血清,10倍稀释测定血清中HBsAg和HBeAg的含量;选择血清学阳性小鼠开展下一步给药实验。
2、动物模型的分组与给药
HBV阳性小鼠随机分为3组,每组5只,药物处理组、PBS缓冲液对照组(Control)和阳性药恩替卡韦(Entecavir)对照组;药物处理组每天每只小鼠口服化合物16F16给药20μg,溶液体积200μL;PBS缓冲液对照组每天口服给药200μL;阳性药对照组每天每只小鼠腹腔注射恩替卡韦给药1.2μg,连续给药8周,6-8周龄C57/BL6小鼠经尾静脉注射rAAV-HBV1.3建立HBV小鼠模型,获得持续高滴度HBV小鼠模型;期间每两周尾静脉采血200-300μL,并在室温静置1-2h后于4℃冰箱过夜,4℃、3000rpm下离心10 min,分离血清,分别取血清7.5μL、5μL,10倍稀释血清,然后分别用于测定HBsAg和HBeAg含量;
3、小鼠血清学指标HBsAg、HBeAg和HBV DNA载量
HBsAg、HBeAg含量采用ELISA法检测,采用上海科华生物工程股份有限公司HBsAg和HBeAg试剂盒并参照操作说明进行检测,每个反应孔分别加入步骤2中10倍稀释的待测血清样品、阴性对照样品、阳性对照样品,加入50μL酶标二抗混匀37℃孵育30min,洗板加入显色液A液、B液37℃孵育15min,加入终止液,酶标仪450nm波长检测OD值;
取50μL步骤2血清采用病毒基因组 DNA/RNA 提取试剂盒(DP315,天根生化科技(北京)有限公司)提取病毒基因组DNA,并以绝对定量qPCR测定血清中的HBV病毒基因组拷贝数;
结果见图4A,在连续给药8周,化合物16F16给药组HBV病毒DNA与对照组相比,下降了88.99倍,且与阳性对照药恩替卡韦接近;而在连续给药8周后,HBsAg(图4C)达到59.46%的抑制率,尽管比阳性对照药恩替卡韦相比,略低,但作为靶向宿主治疗药物,已展现出良好的前景;HBeAg(图4B)在治疗8周后,尽管抑制率仅有15.63%,但与对照组和阳性对照药恩替卡韦相比,均具有显著的抑制效果。
化合物16F16在HBV小鼠模型中对HBV基因组复制和病毒抗原产生显著的抑制作用,化合物16F16对小鼠血清复制中间产物(HBV DNA)、HBsAg、HBeAg呈时间依赖性抑制;与对照组相比,化合物16F16和恩替卡韦治疗组HBeAg、HBsAg和HBV DNA均显著下降。
4、组织病理学检测及免疫组化检测肝组织中HBcAg表达
组织病理学检测:注射rAAV-HBV1.3的阳性小鼠,在连续给药8周后,断颈处死小鼠,剪开腹腔,取出肝脏,4%多聚甲醛固定后,常规梯度酒精脱水、二甲苯透明,石蜡包埋,连续切片,切片厚度为7μm,HE 染色,光镜观察并照相。
结果如图5A上图所示,由rAAV-HBV1.3成功感染小鼠建立的HBV小鼠模型,均出现肝组织、肝小叶及肝索排列紊乱,肝细胞大小不等,肝细胞浊肿,可见肝细胞气球样变,肝细胞核肿胀,偶见灶性肝细胞点状坏死,见较多肝细胞核碎裂及嗜伊红小体;间质充血,汇管区及中央静脉间可见桥接坏死并伴随少许炎细胞浸润;
②病毒抗原定位检测:石蜡切片脱蜡至水,3% H2O2室温处理10min,消除内源性过氧化物酶,PBS 漂洗 5min,共3次,正常山羊血清工作液室温封闭10min,滴加适当稀释的一抗, 4℃过夜,PBS 漂洗,滴加辣根过氧化物酶标记的羊抗兔IgG或羊抗鼠IgG,37℃孵育30min,PBS 漂洗,DAB 显色,镜下控制显色时间;光学显微镜观察并照相;
用强度乘以HBcAg阳性细胞百分比得到组织化学评分(H-score),每组用5-6张图像量化h -评分;
结果见图5A下图,免疫组化染色可见注射 pAAV-HBV1.3小鼠肝组织均存在HBcAg阳性细胞,HBcAg主要定位于细胞核中,少量分布于细胞质中;
由图5A下图及由其HBcAg阳性细胞测定出的H-score(图5B)可以看出,化合物16F16给药小鼠的肝脏中乙肝标志物HBcAg的阳性细胞含量比PBS对照组显著较低,且具有极显著的差异;且化合物16F16处理组H-score也低于阳性药恩替卡韦,且具有显著性差异。
Claims (1)
1.化合物16F16及其衍生物在制备抗乙型肝炎病毒药物中的应用,所述化合物16F16化学结构式如下:
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