CN115818909B - Device for rapidly removing PAM in sludge material and application method thereof - Google Patents
Device for rapidly removing PAM in sludge material and application method thereofInfo
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- CN115818909B CN115818909B CN202211375857.2A CN202211375857A CN115818909B CN 115818909 B CN115818909 B CN 115818909B CN 202211375857 A CN202211375857 A CN 202211375857A CN 115818909 B CN115818909 B CN 115818909B
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Abstract
本发明涉及污泥资源化利用领域，公开了一种快速去除污泥物料中PAM的装置，包括污泥仓，所述污泥仓的一侧设置有光敏剂料仓，所述污泥仓的下端连接有第一传送带，所述光敏剂料仓的下端连接有第二传送带，所述第一传送带与第二传送带之间依次连接，所述第二传送带远离第一传送带的一侧连接有第三传送带，所述第三传送带远离第二传送带的一侧连接有第四传送带，所述第三传送带的上方设置有翻转拨筒和整流梳料板，所述翻转拨筒和整流梳料板的上端设置有紫外灯管。本发明能够针对污泥的资源化利用，有效降低污泥中的PAM含量，提高污泥的资源化利用效率。
The present invention relates to the field of sludge resource utilization and discloses a device for rapidly removing poly(ammonia-erythrocyte-phosphoric acid) (PAM) from sludge materials. The device comprises a sludge bin, a photosensitizer silo disposed on one side of the sludge bin, a first conveyor belt connected to the lower end of the sludge bin, a second conveyor belt connected to the lower end of the photosensitizer silo, the first and second conveyor belts being sequentially connected, a third conveyor belt connected to the side of the second conveyor belt away from the first conveyor belt, a fourth conveyor belt connected to the side of the third conveyor belt away from the second conveyor belt, a flipping drum and a rectifying combing plate disposed above the third conveyor belt, and ultraviolet lamps disposed on the upper ends of the flipping drum and the rectifying combing plate. The present invention can effectively reduce the PAM content in the sludge and improve the efficiency of sludge resource utilization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sludge recycling, in particular to a device for rapidly removing PAM in sludge materials and a using method thereof.
Background
In general, sewage treatment plants treat sewage, PAM is added in the final stage to flocculate organic residues, bacterial cells, inorganic particles, colloid and other non-uniform bodies in the sewage, and PAM is carried in the treated sludge.
In the treatment of sludge, according to the prior art, common methods include incineration, landfill and harmless treatment. One of the harmless treatments is resource utilization, and the main treatment of landfill is refuse landfill because incineration needs to be matched with an incineration power plant, but cities with the incineration power plant are not too many, so that the treatment mode is limited. Because of the promulgation of new regulations, landfill waste requires water content of 60% or less, and the leaching limit of heavy metals and organic pollutants is limited to a certain extent, so that landfill sites are generally unwilling to accept sludge.
Therefore, when the sludge is required to be recycled, particularly after being dried, the sludge can be utilized, and the density of the sludge is reduced due to the fact that a certain amount of PAM is contained in the sludge, the sludge has larger void ratio, and the aim of removing water is difficult to achieve during natural drying.
In addition, in small and medium-sized ore dressing enterprises, the general technological abortion is that firstly, materials are ground into powder by a high-pressure pulverizer, then heated and dissolved, then various medicaments are added, so that metal powder is dissolved in aqueous solution, finally PAM is added, so that impurities are separated from the aqueous solution, and sediment is taken as slag and discharged to a slag yard (commonly called a discharge yard). Because the current mineral separation technology is difficult to improve in a short time, any metal with a certain grade in waste residues is discharged to a discharge site through a pipeline, when mineral reservoirs are free of ores and tailings are subjected to recleaning after the mineral separation technology is improved, the waste materials which have been subjected to PAM are required to be subjected to PAM removal before recleaning, so that the viscosity of the waste materials is reduced, the hydrophilicity is increased, and the wetting ability of low-grade slag is enhanced, so that the waste materials can be further separated and screened. The method can be used for the recovery of tailings of a concentrating mill.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a device for rapidly removing PAM in sludge materials and a use method thereof, which can effectively solve the problem that the PAM content is too high in the sludge recycling process in the background art, and can be used on the back separation of tailings of a concentrating mill.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
The utility model provides a get rid of PAM's device in mud material fast, includes the mud storehouse, one side in mud storehouse is provided with the photosensitizer feed bin, the lower extreme in mud storehouse is connected with first conveyer belt, the lower extreme in photosensitizer feed bin is connected with the second conveyer belt, connect gradually between first conveyer belt and the second conveyer belt, one side that first conveyer belt was kept away from to the second conveyer belt is connected with the third conveyer belt, one side that the second conveyer belt was kept away from to the third conveyer belt is connected with the fourth conveyer belt, one side that the third conveyer belt was kept away from to the fourth conveyer belt is connected with the overcurrent type ultrasonic vibration bed, the top of third conveyer belt is provided with upset and dials section of thick bamboo and rectification comb flitch, the upper end that section of thick bamboo and rectification comb flitch were provided with the ultraviolet fluorescent tube.
Preferably, the electromagnetic valves are connected to the discharge ports at the lower ends of the sludge bin and the photosensitizer bin, the overturning shifting drum and the rectifying comb plate are mounted on the mounting frame, the overturning shifting drum and the rectifying comb plate are arranged at intervals in sequence, and the ultraviolet lamp tube is fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting frame.
Preferably, the overturning poking cylinder comprises a rotating cylinder and poking plates, the poking plates are fixedly connected to the rotating cylinder, the rotating cylinder is rotatably mounted on the mounting frame, the rectifying comb plate is fixedly mounted on the mounting frame, and the lower ends of the rectifying comb plate are fixedly connected with a plurality of comb teeth.
Preferably, the ultraviolet lamp tube adopts a BUV lamp tube, the wavelength of the BUV lamp tube is 300-400nm, the photoelectric effect can be better generated, and the ultraviolet lamp tube adopts a 60w lamp tube and a matched ballast.
The application method of the device for rapidly removing PAM in the sludge material comprises the following steps:
s1, enabling sludge to enter a first conveyor belt through a sludge bin, then conveying the sludge to a second conveyor belt, and quantitatively spraying a photosensitizer on the sludge on the second conveyor belt through a photosensitizer bin;
S2, conveying the sludge and the photosensitizer on a third conveyor belt, driving a shifting plate to rotate by a rotary cylinder, turning over the sludge on the third conveyor belt by the shifting plate, loosening and rectifying the sludge through a rectifying comb plate and comb teeth at the lower end of the rectifying comb plate, and carrying out omnibearing reaction between ultraviolet light of an ultraviolet lamp tube and PAM in the sludge;
S3, finally, the sludge enters an ultrasonic vibration bed through a fourth conveyor belt to further digest PAM in the sludge.
Preferably, the preparation method of the photosensitizer comprises the following steps:
S1, crushing the granular oxygen to form powdery granular oxygen, wherein the active oxygen content is 13.5%, and the effective utilization rate is calculated to be 85%;
S2, adding 7 ferrous sulfate hydrate (FeSO 4.7H2 O), mixing the particle oxygen and the ferrous sulfate in a mass ratio of 7.2:1.4, and adding azo pigment sun-proof blue lake (cas No. 1325-87-7) accounting for 0.8% of the mass of the mixture after uniformly mixing, wherein the requirement of sun-proof degree is below 3;
S3, stirring the three materials in a dry environment and a dark environment in a plastic container, and fully reacting for later use.
Preferably, the experiments for measuring the PAM amount in the sludge comprise:
the irradiation time is designed according to three time periods of 5min,10min and 15 min;
the basic test method comprises taking a certain amount of sample, and taking the ratio of the time required for flowing 200 ml of sample out of an Engler viscometer at a prescribed temperature, such as 25 ℃ to the time required for flowing distilled water out of the same volume at 20 ℃ as represented by symbol Et;
judging standard, namely judging that PAM is removed when the time of the processed material is fixed and the Engler viscosity and Et=0.5-0.7;
the power, the relation curve of the power and the viscosity, the optimal ultraviolet irradiation time, the required power of the lamp tube, the degradation rate under the optimal condition and the optimal degradation rate are determined, and can be expressed by a mathematical model.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the mud in this device carries on the third conveyer belt, gets rid of PAM in the mud through the ultraviolet fluorescent tube in the transportation process, and in ultraviolet fluorescent tube irradiation, rotary drum 12 drives and dials board 13 rotatory, dials board 13 and overturns the mud on the third conveyer belt 5, and comb material tooth 14 through rectification comb flitch 9 and its lower extreme makes the loose rectification of mud, makes the mud receive the irradiation of ultraviolet fluorescent tube of the wider scope, improves the treatment effeciency of mud.
2. The photosensitizer is prepared by crushing the granular oxygen to form powdery granular oxygen, wherein the active oxygen content is 13.5%, the effective utilization rate is calculated to be 85%, 7 ferrous sulfate (FeSO 4·7H2 O) is added, the mass ratio of the granular oxygen to the ferrous sulfate is 7.2:1.4, after the granular oxygen and the ferrous sulfate are uniformly mixed, azo pigment sun-proof blue lake (cas No. 1325-87-7) accounting for 0.8% of the mass of the mixture is added, the light-proof degree is required to be below 3, and the three materials are stirred in a dry environment and a plastic container under a dark environment, and are fully reacted to be prepared by the following steps, so that the light absorption rate can be effectively improved.
3. The device adopts an Engler viscosity method to measure, the front end and the rear end of the material are diluted to a saturated solution state by deionized water, the fineness is further screened by 200 meshes, and then the front and rear comparison is carried out, so that the PAM amount in the sludge can be accurately measured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of a comb plate according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a bottom view of the comb plate of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a front view of the flip-up drum of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a plan representation of an orthogonal plot of experimental data fit for time in experiments, UV lamp power versus viscosity for the PAM measurements in sludge in accordance with the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a sludge bin; 2, a photosensitizer bin, 3, a first conveyor belt, 4, a second conveyor belt, 5, a third conveyor belt, 6, a fourth conveyor belt, 7, an ultrasonic vibration bed, 8, a turnover poking cylinder, 9, a rectification material combing plate, 10, an ultraviolet lamp tube, 11, a mounting rack, 12, a rotary drum, 13, poking plates, 14 and combing teeth.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in connection with the following detailed description, in order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement of the purpose and the effect of the invention easy to understand.
As shown in fig. 1-4, a device for rapidly removing PAM in sludge materials comprises a sludge bin 1, wherein a photosensitizer bin 2 is arranged on one side of the sludge bin 1, a first conveying belt 3 is connected to the lower end of the sludge bin 1, a second conveying belt 4 is connected to the lower end of the photosensitizer bin 2, the first conveying belt 3 and the second conveying belt 4 are sequentially connected, a third conveying belt 5 is connected to one side, far away from the first conveying belt 3, of the second conveying belt 4, a fourth conveying belt 6 is connected to one side, far away from the second conveying belt 4, of the fourth conveying belt 6, an overcurrent type ultrasonic vibration bed 7 is connected to one side, far away from the third conveying belt 5, of the fourth conveying belt 6, a turnover poking cylinder 8 and a rectification comb plate 9 are arranged above the third conveying belt 5, and ultraviolet lamp tubes 10 are arranged at the upper ends of the turnover poking cylinder 8 and the rectification comb plate 9.
All be connected with the solenoid valve on the lower extreme discharge gate of sludge bin 1 and photosensitizer feed bin 2, open through the solenoid valve, the material in the sludge bin 1 falls on first conveyer belt 3, on carrying sludge delivery to second conveyer belt 4 along with the transport of first conveyer belt 3, the photosensitizer in the photosensitizer feed bin 2 falls on the sludge on the second conveyer belt 4, the photosensitizer improves the absorbance, can absorb more ultraviolet light in the degradation process afterwards, improves PAM's degradation efficiency.
The overturning poking cylinder 8 and the rectifying comb plate 9 are both arranged on the mounting frame 11, the overturning poking cylinder 8 and the rectifying comb plate 9 are sequentially arranged at intervals, and the ultraviolet lamp tube 10 is fixedly arranged on the top of the mounting frame 11.
The turnover poking cylinder 8 comprises a rotary cylinder 12 and a poking plate 13, the poking plate 13 is fixedly connected to the rotary cylinder 12, the rotary cylinder 12 is rotatably mounted on the mounting frame 11, the rectifying comb plate 9 is fixedly mounted on the mounting frame 11, the lower end of the rectifying comb plate 9 is fixedly connected with a plurality of comb teeth 14, when sludge with photosensitizer is conveyed to the third conveyor belt 5 through the second conveyor belt 4, the rotary cylinder 12 drives the poking plate 13 to rotate, the poking plate 13 overturns the sludge on the third conveyor belt 5, and the sludge is loosened and rectified through the rectifying comb plate 9 and the comb teeth 14 at the lower end of the rectifying comb plate.
The ultraviolet lamp 10 adopts a BUV lamp with the wavelength of 300-400nm, so that the photoelectric effect can be better generated, the ultraviolet lamp 10 adopts a 60w lamp and a matched ballast, and the PAM in the sludge on the third conveyor belt 5 is degraded through the irradiation of the ultraviolet lamp 10, and the sludge is overturned and loosened through the overturning poking cylinder 8 and the rectifying comb plate 9 in the degradation process, so that the PAM in the sludge can be completely degraded as much as possible.
The preparation method of the photosensitizer for improving the absorbance of the sludge by the device comprises the following steps:
(1) Crushing the granular oxygen to form powdery granular oxygen, wherein the active oxygen content is 13.5%, and the effective utilization rate is calculated to be 85%;
(2) Adding 7 ferrous sulfate hydrate (FeSO 4·7H2 O), mixing the mixture with the mass ratio of the granular oxygen to the ferrous sulfate being 7.2:1.4, and adding azo pigment sun-proof blue lake (cas No. 1325-87-7) accounting for 0.8% of the mass of the mixture after uniformly mixing, wherein the requirement of sun-proof degree is below 3.
(3) Stirring the three materials in a dry environment and a dark environment in a plastic container, and fully reacting for later use.
Quantitative experiments concerning the need to use photosensitizers in sludge:
the PAM degradation principle in the sludge is that
PAM is added in the final stage of sewage treatment in a common sewage treatment plant to flocculate the non-uniform mass such as organic residue, bacterial thallus, inorganic particles, colloid and the like in the sewage, and the solid content of the common water body of the non-uniform mass is 100-500mg.DS/L (ppm) according to the inspection and experience
The PAM added into the water body is 10-20g/m 3, and the effective rate of the PAM is 80 percent according to detection, so that the PAM with the crosslinking effect in the material is 80 percent of the total addition amount.
According to the proportion of the solid content of sewage, the PAM is added, the average value is calculated to obtain that 40g of PAM is contained in each kg of dry sludge, and the current sludge water content is above 60% due to the environmental protection requirement, so that the PAM is contained in each kg of wet sludge by calculating the wet sludge.
From the above chemical reaction formula and PAM content in the wet sludge, the amount of oxygen molecules required, that is, 15 parts of oxygen molecules per 4 parts by mass of PAM monomer, was determined, and then 81g of oxygen per kg of wet sludge was required, and in the prepared photosensitizer, the effective active oxygen content was 13.5%, so that 600g of photosensitizer was required per kg of wet sludge containing 24g of PAM.
The following experiment was conducted on the basis of the degradation efficiency and efficacy of 600g of photosensitizer added per kg of wet sludge.
Experiments on PAM amount determination in sludge:
The irradiation time is designed according to three time periods of 5min,10min and 15 min.
The conventional PAM concentration detection method is a tin tetrachloride detection method, and because the method needs to be provided with test reagents, is complex and is unfavorable for rapid detection, the used PAM concentration detection method of the test is determined by an Engler viscosity method. Diluting the front end and the rear end of the material to a saturated solution state by deionized water, sieving by a 200-mesh filter sieve, and comparing the front end and the rear end.
The basic test method is that the Engler viscosity is called Engler viscosity, a certain amount of sample is taken, and the ratio of the time required for 200 ml of sample to flow out of an Engler viscometer at a set temperature, such as 25 ℃ to the time required for distilled water to flow out of the same volume at 25 ℃ is represented by a symbol Et.
And judging the PAM to be removed when the time for the treated sludge material is fixed, namely Et=0.5-0.7, wherein the judgment standard is that the PAM is removed.
Power versus time, uv lamp power versus viscosity. So as to determine the optimal ultraviolet irradiation time, the required power of the lamp tube, the degradation rate under the optimal condition and the optimal degradation rate. In view of this, it can be represented by a mathematical model.
Data were tested in an orthogonal manner:
a planar representation of the fit according to the data is shown in fig. 5;
establishing a mathematical model, wherein the mathematical model z= -0.7033+0.0419 x+0.0084 y
X, y, z represent time, uv lamp power, kinematic viscosity ratio, respectively.
Because the sludge material can not participate in the reaction by 100% in the process of overturning and ultraviolet irradiation, a set of ultrasonic vibration sieve is added in the second stage.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited by the foregoing examples, which are provided by way of illustration of the principles of the present invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (5)
1. The device for rapidly removing PAM in sludge materials comprises a sludge bin (1) and is characterized in that one side of the sludge bin (1) is provided with a photosensitizer bin (2), the lower end of the sludge bin (1) is connected with a first conveying belt (3), the lower end of the photosensitizer bin (2) is connected with a second conveying belt (4), the first conveying belt (3) and the second conveying belt (4) are sequentially connected, one side, far away from the first conveying belt (3), of the second conveying belt (4) is connected with a third conveying belt (5), one side, far away from the second conveying belt (4), of the third conveying belt (5) is connected with a fourth conveying belt (6), one side, far away from the third conveying belt (5), of the fourth conveying belt (6) is connected with a flow-through ultrasonic vibration bed (7), a turnover stirring drum (8) and a rectification comb plate (9) are arranged above the third conveying belt (5), and ultraviolet lamps (10) are arranged at the upper ends of the turnover stirring drum (8) and the rectification comb plate (9);
The ultraviolet lamp tube (10) adopts a UVB lamp tube, the wavelength of the UVB lamp tube is 300-400nm, the photoelectric effect can be better generated, and the ultraviolet lamp tube (10) adopts a 60w lamp tube and a matched ballast;
the preparation method of the photosensitizer comprises the following steps:
S1, crushing the granular oxygen to form powdery granular oxygen, wherein the active oxygen content is 13.5%, and the effective utilization rate is calculated to be 85%;
S2, adding 7 ferrous sulfate hydrate (FeSO 4·7H2 O), mixing the particle oxygen and the ferrous sulfate in a mass ratio of 7.2:1.4, uniformly mixing, and then adding 0.8% of azo pigment sun-proof blue lake cas No. 1325-87-7, wherein the sun-proof degree is required to be below 3;
S3, stirring the three materials in a dry environment and a dark environment in a plastic container, and fully reacting for later use.
2. The device for rapidly removing PAM in sludge materials according to claim 1, wherein electromagnetic valves are connected to discharge ports at the lower ends of the sludge bin (1) and the photosensitizer bin (2), the overturning poking cylinder (8) and the rectifying comb plate (9) are mounted on the mounting frame (11), the overturning poking cylinder (8) and the rectifying comb plate (9) are sequentially arranged at intervals, and the ultraviolet lamp tube (10) is fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting frame (11).
3. The device for rapidly removing PAM in sludge according to claim 1, wherein the turnover poking cylinder (8) comprises a rotary cylinder (12) and a poking plate (13), the poking plate (13) is fixedly connected to the rotary cylinder (12), the rotary cylinder (12) is rotatably installed on the installation frame (11), the rectifying comb plate (9) is fixedly installed on the installation frame (11), and a plurality of comb teeth (14) are fixedly connected to the lower end of the rectifying comb plate (9).
4. A use method of a device for rapidly removing PAM in sludge materials, a device for rapid removal of PAM from sludge material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, enabling sludge to enter a first conveyor belt (3) through a sludge bin (1), then conveying the sludge to a second conveyor belt (4), and quantitatively spraying a photosensitizer on the sludge on the second conveyor belt (4) by a photosensitizer bin (2);
S2, conveying sludge and a photosensitizer on a third conveyor belt (5), driving a shifting plate (13) to rotate by a rotary cylinder (12), turning over the sludge on the third conveyor belt (5) by the shifting plate (13), loosening and rectifying the sludge through a rectifying comb plate (9) and comb teeth (14) at the lower end of the rectifying comb plate, and simultaneously carrying out omnibearing reaction on the sludge through ultraviolet light of an ultraviolet lamp tube (10) and PAM;
S3, finally, the sludge enters an ultrasonic vibration bed (7) through a fourth conveyor belt (6) to further digest PAM in the sludge.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the test for measuring the PAM in the sludge comprises the steps of:
the irradiation time is designed according to three time periods of 5min,10min and 15 min;
The basic test method comprises taking a certain amount of sample, at a prescribed temperature of 25 ℃, the ratio of the time required for 200 ml of sample to flow out of an Engler viscometer to the time required for distilled water to flow out of the same volume at 25 ℃ is represented by symbol Et, and the time is expressed in seconds;
Judging standard, namely judging that PAM is removed when the time used for the processed material is fixed and the Engler viscosity is Et=0.5-0.7;
The power, the relation curve of the power and the viscosity, the optimal ultraviolet irradiation time, the required power of the lamp tube, the degradation rate under the optimal condition and the optimal degradation rate are determined, and the method is expressed by a mathematical model.
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| BR112019002232B1 (en) * | 2016-09-15 | 2022-09-27 | Kemira Oyj | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING AN AQUEOUS COMPOSITION, AQUEOUS COMPOSITION AND USE THEREOF |
| CN107814890A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-03-20 | 重庆大学 | A kind of preparation method of hydrophobic association type PAMC |
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