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CN115818808A - Method for treating waste water generated in production of new hydrogen energy material and regenerating resources - Google Patents

Method for treating waste water generated in production of new hydrogen energy material and regenerating resources Download PDF

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CN115818808A
CN115818808A CN202211594087.0A CN202211594087A CN115818808A CN 115818808 A CN115818808 A CN 115818808A CN 202211594087 A CN202211594087 A CN 202211594087A CN 115818808 A CN115818808 A CN 115818808A
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CN115818808B (en
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王文标
陈梦帆
王美静
李智豪
张凯
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Shanghai Hones Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for treating waste water generated in the production of new hydrogen energy materials and regenerating resources, which comprises the following steps: (1) Adding an alkaline sodium salt solution into the wastewater generated in the production of the new hydrogen energy material, fully stirring and reacting to regenerate and separate out production raw materials and intermediates, and feeding the filtrate into a crystallizer; (2) Pumping by an axial flow pump to enable the wastewater to circulate in a cooler and a crystallizer, and crystallizing and carrying out solid-liquid separation on the cooled wastewater in the crystallizer; (3) pumping the rectifying tower bottom liquid into an evaporator; separating organic matter steam and ammonia gas from the top of the rectifying tower, and condensing to obtain organic condensate and high-purity ammonia gas; (4) Evaporating and dehydrating the sodium sulfate solution and the distillation tower bottom liquid respectively to separate an evaporated clear liquid, an evaporated concentrated liquid, and crude salt products, namely sodium sulfate and sodium chloride; (5) Refined salt products of sodium sulfate and sodium chloride are prepared by adopting an oxygen-enriched gasification coupled catalytic combustion process. The invention has high treatment efficiency, low operation cost and high utilization rate of the intermediate, and realizes the recovery of ammonia and salt, thereby generating additional value.

Description

一种氢能新材料生产废水处理及资源再生方法A kind of hydrogen energy new material production wastewater treatment and resource regeneration method

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及废水处理技术领域,具体涉及一种氢能新材料生产废水处理及资源再生方法。The invention relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment, in particular to a method for wastewater treatment and resource regeneration in the production of new hydrogen energy materials.

背景技术Background technique

氢能是一种洁净的二次能源,其中,新材料技术的研发与制造亦是行业发展的重点。然而,氢能新材料生产废水具有氨氮浓度高(>3000mg/L)、盐含量高(硫酸钠和氯化钠总和>10%)、有机物浓度高(>10000mg/L,以COD计)的特点,属于典型的高盐高氨氮高有机物废水,处理难度极大。为避免氢能产业发展对环境造成的不利影响,如何经济高效处理氢能新材料生产废水是当前废水处理领域亟需解决的难题。Hydrogen energy is a clean secondary energy source, among which, the R&D and manufacturing of new material technology is also the focus of industry development. However, the waste water from the production of new hydrogen energy materials has the characteristics of high ammonia nitrogen concentration (>3000mg/L), high salt content (the sum of sodium sulfate and sodium chloride>10%), and high organic matter concentration (>10000mg/L, calculated as COD) , which is a typical high-salt, high-ammonia-nitrogen, and high-organic matter wastewater, which is extremely difficult to treat. In order to avoid the adverse impact of the development of the hydrogen energy industry on the environment, how to economically and efficiently treat the wastewater produced by new hydrogen energy materials is an urgent problem in the field of wastewater treatment.

此类废水难以直接采用生物处理工艺,现今,传统的处理工艺主要有焚烧法(包括废液直接焚烧、蒸发固化后焚烧)和高级氧化法,通过强氧化作用促使有机物分解,但其问题在于:It is difficult to directly adopt biological treatment process for this kind of wastewater. Nowadays, the traditional treatment process mainly includes incineration method (including direct incineration of waste liquid, incineration after evaporation and solidification) and advanced oxidation method, which promotes the decomposition of organic matter through strong oxidation, but the problem is:

首先,焚烧温度高于盐熔点,熔融态的盐对耐火材料具有强腐蚀作用,炉壁寿命低,设备投资高;并且,焚烧产生的烟气量大、氮氧化物等酸性气体浓度高,烟气处理工艺复杂(急冷、脱硫脱硝等),运行成本高;First of all, the incineration temperature is higher than the melting point of salt, and the molten salt has a strong corrosive effect on refractory materials, the life of the furnace wall is short, and the equipment investment is high; moreover, the amount of flue gas produced by incineration is large, and the concentration of acid gases such as nitrogen oxides is high. The gas treatment process is complex (quick cooling, desulfurization and denitrification, etc.), and the operating cost is high;

其次,为实现有机污染物的彻底矿化,高级氧化法(例如芬顿、电催化氧化、湿式氧化等)所需的药剂多、能耗高,且某些设备投资高。Secondly, in order to realize the complete mineralization of organic pollutants, advanced oxidation methods (such as Fenton, electrocatalytic oxidation, wet oxidation, etc.) require many chemicals, high energy consumption, and high investment in certain equipment.

总得来说,尽管上述方法普适性强、处理效果好,但高昂的设备投资及运行费用对企业造成了巨大的经济负担。为实现绿色发展与降本增效,环保治理过程应首先考虑从废弃物中回收、创造高附加值资源,再采取针对性强的高效低成本处理技术,而这则需要多学科领域的交叉融合,也因此,多技术耦合工艺的开发是当前环保领域发展的重点。In general, although the above methods are universal and effective, the high equipment investment and operating costs have caused a huge economic burden on the enterprise. In order to achieve green development and cost reduction and efficiency increase, the process of environmental protection governance should first consider recycling from waste and creating high value-added resources, and then adopt targeted high-efficiency and low-cost treatment technologies, which requires cross-integration of multiple disciplines , and therefore, the development of multi-technology coupling process is the focus of the current development in the field of environmental protection.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明要解决的技术问题提供一种处理效率高、运行成本低的氢能新材料生产废水处理方法,其能有效去除水中污染物,并将水中有价值的资源回收再利用。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for treating waste water produced by hydrogen energy new materials with high treatment efficiency and low operating cost, which can effectively remove pollutants in water and recycle valuable resources in water for reuse.

为了解决上述问题,本发明提供了如下技术方案:本发明的一种氢能新材料生产废水处理及资源再生方法,包括如下步骤:In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a method for treating waste water and resource regeneration of hydrogen energy new material production according to the present invention, comprising the following steps:

(1)向氢能新材料生产废水中加入碱性钠盐溶液,充分搅拌反应使得生产原料及中间体再生、析出,固液分离后浆料循环至生产车间再利用,滤液进入结晶器;(1) Add alkaline sodium salt solution to the production wastewater of hydrogen energy new materials, fully stir the reaction to regenerate and precipitate the production raw materials and intermediates, and circulate the slurry to the production workshop for reuse after solid-liquid separation, and the filtrate enters the crystallizer;

(2)采用轴流泵抽吸使滤液在结晶器及冷却器之间内部循环,降温后的废水在结晶器内析晶、固液分离,回收获得芒硝晶体和冷却残液;(2) The filtrate is internally circulated between the crystallizer and the cooler by adopting axial flow pump suction, and the cooled waste water is crystallized and solid-liquid separated in the crystallizer, and then reclaimed to obtain mirabilite crystals and cooling raffinate;

(3)冷却残液采用精馏分离技术,精馏塔釜液泵入蒸发系统;精馏塔塔顶分离出有机物蒸汽及氨气,冷凝后获得有机凝液及高纯氨气,有机凝液循环至生产车间再利用,氨气以水吸收制成工业氨水再利用;(3) Rectification and separation technology is adopted for the cooling raffinate, and the liquid in the rectification tower is pumped into the evaporation system; organic vapor and ammonia gas are separated from the top of the rectification tower, and organic condensate and high-purity ammonia gas are obtained after condensation. Organic condensate Circulate to the production workshop for reuse, ammonia gas is absorbed by water to make industrial ammonia water for reuse;

(4)芒硝晶体和精馏塔釜液分别进入蒸发系统脱除水分,分离出蒸发清液、蒸发浓液、粗制盐产品硫酸钠和氯化钠,蒸发清液回用作为生产补水或采用生物处理后外排;(4) Glauber's salt crystals and rectification tower still liquid enter the evaporation system to remove water respectively, separate the evaporated clear liquid, evaporated concentrated liquid, and crude salt products sodium sulfate and sodium chloride, and reuse the evaporated clear liquid as water replenishment for production or use efflux after biological treatment;

(5)粗制盐产品硫酸钠和氯化钠采用富氧气化耦合催化燃烧,反应结束后,制得精制盐产品硫酸钠和氯化钠,作为工业盐再利用。(5) The crude salt products sodium sulfate and sodium chloride are catalyzed and combusted by oxygen-enriched oxidation. After the reaction, the refined salt products sodium sulfate and sodium chloride are produced, which can be reused as industrial salt.

进一步地,在步骤(1)中,所述的氢能新材料生产废水的盐含量≥10%(w/w),COD为10000~80000mg/L,氨氮浓度≥3000mg/L。Further, in step (1), the salt content of the hydrogen energy new material production wastewater is ≥10% (w/w), the COD is 10000-80000 mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration is ≥3000 mg/L.

进一步地,在步骤(1)中,所述的碱性钠盐溶液为氢氧化钠溶液、碳酸钠溶液和碳酸氢钠溶液中的一种或几种的组合。Further, in step (1), the alkaline sodium salt solution is one or a combination of sodium hydroxide solution, sodium carbonate solution and sodium bicarbonate solution.

进一步地,在步骤(1)中,所述的碱性钠盐溶液为氢氧化钠时,与有机物(以COD计)质量比为0.4~2.0;碱性钠盐溶液为碳酸钠时,与有机物(以COD计)质量比为0.6~2.7;碱性钠盐溶液为碳酸氢钠时,与有机物(以COD计)质量比为1.0~4.5;反应时间为0.25~3.0h。Further, in step (1), when the alkaline sodium salt solution is sodium hydroxide, the mass ratio to the organic matter (calculated as COD) is 0.4 to 2.0; when the alkaline sodium salt solution is sodium carbonate, the mass ratio to the organic matter is The mass ratio (calculated by COD) is 0.6-2.7; when the alkaline sodium salt solution is sodium bicarbonate, the mass ratio to organic matter (calculated by COD) is 1.0-4.5; the reaction time is 0.25-3.0h.

进一步地,在步骤(2)中,所述的冷却器中冷却后废水温度控制为-5~10℃。Further, in step (2), the temperature of the wastewater after cooling in the cooler is controlled at -5-10°C.

进一步地,在步骤(3)中,精馏塔塔顶的压力≤0.3MPaG;有机凝液采出量为处理水量的0.5~3.0%(w/w);氨水制备方式为喷淋吸收或降膜吸收。Further, in step (3), the pressure at the top of the rectifying tower is less than or equal to 0.3MPaG; the output of organic condensate is 0.5-3.0% (w/w) of the treated water; the ammonia water is prepared by spraying absorption or reducing Membrane absorption.

更进一步地,在步骤(4)中,所述的蒸发清液的回用比例为70~95%(w/w)。Furthermore, in step (4), the recycling ratio of the evaporated clear liquid is 70-95% (w/w).

进一步地,在步骤(5)中,鼓入氧气或氧气与惰性气体的混合气,氧气与有机物(以COD计)质量比为1.0~4.0。Further, in step (5), oxygen or a mixture of oxygen and inert gas is blown in, and the mass ratio of oxygen to organic matter (calculated as COD) is 1.0-4.0.

进一步地,在步骤(5)中,所述的富氧气化的温度为400~750℃,时间为1.0~4.0h。Further, in step (5), the temperature of the oxygen-enriched oxidation is 400-750° C., and the time is 1.0-4.0 h.

更进一步地,在步骤(5)中,所述的催化燃烧装置的烟气温度为260~400℃,催化剂载体为多孔材料,催化剂有效成分为过渡金属及其氧化物中的一种或几种的组合。Furthermore, in step (5), the flue gas temperature of the catalytic combustion device is 260-400°C, the catalyst carrier is a porous material, and the active component of the catalyst is one or more of transition metals and their oxides The combination.

有益效果:本发明处理效率高,运行成本低,生产原料及中间体的利用率高;可实现氨、盐回收,从而产生附加价值;废气总量小,氮氧化物产生量大幅降低,易处理。Beneficial effects: the present invention has high treatment efficiency, low operating cost, high utilization rate of production raw materials and intermediates; it can realize recovery of ammonia and salt, thereby generating added value; the total amount of waste gas is small, the amount of nitrogen oxides is greatly reduced, and it is easy to handle .

与现有技术相比,本发明的积极进步效果在于:Compared with the prior art, the positive progress effect of the present invention is:

(1)采用碱性钠盐溶液实现生产原料及中间体再生,提高了原料利用率,且有利于富氧气化耦合催化燃烧反应。(1) Alkaline sodium salt solution is used to realize the regeneration of production raw materials and intermediates, which improves the utilization rate of raw materials and is beneficial to the coupled catalytic combustion reaction of oxygen-enriched oxidation.

(2)精馏分离技术进一步提高了原料的利用率及氨气纯度,氨水品质达到工业氨水标准,杂质含量<0.1%;同时,有利于提高蒸发清液品质,实现废水回用。(2) The rectification separation technology further improves the utilization rate of raw materials and the purity of ammonia gas. The quality of ammonia water reaches the industrial ammonia water standard, and the impurity content is less than 0.1%. At the same time, it is beneficial to improve the quality of evaporated clear liquid and realize the reuse of wastewater.

(3)在富氧气化耦合催化燃烧反应过程,富氧氛围可显著提高盐品质,达到工业级标准,可进一步利用。(3) In the oxygen-enriched oxidation coupling catalytic combustion reaction process, the oxygen-enriched atmosphere can significantly improve the salt quality, reaching industrial-grade standards, and can be further utilized.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明提供的氢能新材料生产废水处理及资源再生方法的工艺流程图。Fig. 1 is a process flow chart of the method for treating waste water and regenerating resources from the production of new hydrogen energy materials provided by the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

以下将结合附图对本发明的构思、具体结构及产生的技术效果作进一步说明,以充分地了解本发明的目的、特征和效果。The idea, specific structure and technical effects of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so as to fully understand the purpose, features and effects of the present invention.

实施例1Example 1

某氢能新材料生产废水的盐含量为23.1%(w/w),COD为21800mg/L,氨氮浓度为9400mg/L。The salt content of wastewater produced by a new hydrogen energy material is 23.1% (w/w), the COD is 21800mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration is 9400mg/L.

本发明的一种氢能新材料生产废水处理及资源再生方法,包括如下步骤:A hydrogen energy new material production wastewater treatment and resource regeneration method of the present invention comprises the following steps:

(1)向氢能新材料生产废水中加入氢氧化钠溶液,氢氧化钠与有机物(以COD计)比值为2.0,反应时间为1.0h。充分搅拌反应使生产原料及中间体再生、析出,固液分离后浆料质量为处理水量的3.1%,其品质满足生产要求,循环至生产车间再利用,滤液进入结晶器;(1) Add sodium hydroxide solution to the waste water produced by new hydrogen energy materials, the ratio of sodium hydroxide to organic matter (calculated as COD) is 2.0, and the reaction time is 1.0 h. Fully stir the reaction to regenerate and precipitate the production raw materials and intermediates. After solid-liquid separation, the quality of the slurry is 3.1% of the treated water, and its quality meets the production requirements. It is recycled to the production workshop for reuse, and the filtrate enters the crystallizer;

(2)采用轴流泵抽吸使废水在冷却器及结晶器内部循环,降温后的废水在结晶器内析晶、固液分离;冷却器和结晶器的温度为1±2℃,获得芒硝晶体,溶解配制成硫酸钠溶液后进入蒸发系统;冷却残液进入精馏塔。(2) Axial flow pump is used to circulate the waste water in the cooler and the crystallizer, and the cooled waste water is crystallized and separated from solid and liquid in the crystallizer; the temperature of the cooler and the crystallizer is 1±2°C to obtain Glauber’s salt The crystals are dissolved and prepared into sodium sulfate solution and enter the evaporation system; the cooled raffinate enters the rectification tower.

(3)冷却残液采用精馏分离技术,精馏塔釜液泵入蒸发系统;精馏塔塔顶分离出有机物蒸汽及氨气,冷凝后获得有机凝液及高纯氨气,有机溶液循环至生产车间再利用,氨气以水吸收制成工业氨水再利用;精馏塔塔顶压力为0.05MPaG;有机凝液采出量为处理水量的1.8%(w/w);氨气制备方式为降膜吸收,制得的氨水浓度为21.1%,有机杂质含量为0.06%,氨回收率达到78%。(3) Rectification and separation technology is adopted for the cooling raffinate, and the liquid in the rectification tower is pumped into the evaporation system; the organic vapor and ammonia gas are separated from the top of the rectification tower, and organic condensate and high-purity ammonia gas are obtained after condensation, and the organic solution is circulated To the production workshop for reuse, ammonia gas is absorbed by water to make industrial ammonia water for reuse; the pressure at the top of the rectification tower is 0.05MPaG; the output of organic condensate is 1.8% (w/w) of the treated water; ammonia gas preparation method For falling film absorption, the concentration of ammonia water is 21.1%, the content of organic impurities is 0.06%, and the recovery rate of ammonia reaches 78%.

(4)硫酸钠溶液和精馏塔釜液分别采用蒸发脱水,分离出蒸发清液、蒸发浓液、粗制盐产品硫酸钠和氯化钠;蒸发清液回用作为生产补水或采用生物处理后外排。蒸发清液的COD为668mg/L,氨氮为23mg/L,满足生产要求。蒸发清液回用至生产系统,回用比例为95%(w/w),其余蒸发清液采用生物处理后达标排放;获得的粗制硫酸钠和氯化钠输送至富氧气化装置。(4) The sodium sulfate solution and the liquid in the rectification column are dehydrated by evaporation respectively, and the evaporated clear liquid, the evaporated concentrated liquid, and the crude salt products sodium sulfate and sodium chloride are separated; the evaporated clear liquid is reused as production water replenishment or biological treatment back row. The COD of the evaporated supernatant is 668mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen is 23mg/L, meeting the production requirements. The evaporated clear liquid is reused to the production system, and the reuse ratio is 95% (w/w), and the remaining evaporated clear liquid is discharged after reaching the standard through biological treatment; the obtained crude sodium sulfate and sodium chloride are transported to the oxygen-enriched oxidation device.

(5)粗制盐产品硫酸钠和氯化钠采用富氧气化耦合催化燃烧进行处理,反应结束后,制得精制盐产品硫酸钠和氯化钠,作为工业盐再利用。(5) The crude salt products sodium sulfate and sodium chloride are processed by oxygen-enriched oxidation coupling catalytic combustion. After the reaction, refined salt products sodium sulfate and sodium chloride are produced, which can be reused as industrial salt.

粗制硫酸钠和氯化钠的富氧气化温度分别为700℃和650℃,反应时间为1.5h。The oxygen-enriched oxidation temperatures of crude sodium sulfate and sodium chloride are 700°C and 650°C respectively, and the reaction time is 1.5h.

鼓入的气体为空气,其中,氧气与有机物(以COD计)质量比为1.3。精制后的硫酸钠白度较佳,纯度为98.1%,水不溶物含量为0.23%,达到工业无水硫酸钠Ⅲ类标准;精制后的氯化钠白度较佳,纯度为97.8%,水不溶物含量为0.19%,达到工业氯化钠二级标准。进入催化燃烧装置的烟气温度约300~330℃,催化剂为钯、铂浸渍的多孔材料;装置出口烟气经简单处理(冷却、碱洗)后可达标排放。The blown gas is air, wherein the mass ratio of oxygen to organic matter (calculated as COD) is 1.3. The refined sodium sulfate has a better whiteness, with a purity of 98.1%, and a water-insoluble content of 0.23%, reaching the industrial anhydrous sodium sulfate class III standard; the refined sodium chloride has a better whiteness, with a purity of 97.8%, and water The insoluble matter content is 0.19%, reaching the secondary standard of industrial sodium chloride. The temperature of the flue gas entering the catalytic combustion device is about 300-330°C, and the catalyst is a porous material impregnated with palladium and platinum; the flue gas at the outlet of the device can be discharged to the standard after simple treatment (cooling, alkali washing).

实施例2Example 2

实施例2是实施例1在不同运行参数下的操作结果。不同之处在于,碱性钠盐溶液为碳酸钠溶液,碳酸钠与有机物(以COD计)比值为2.7,反应时间为1.5h。过滤后,浆料质量为处理水量的4.3%,其品质满足生产要求,可全部回用至前端生产系统,滤液进入后端处理单元,装置可良好、稳定运行。Example 2 is the operation result of Example 1 under different operating parameters. The difference is that the alkaline sodium salt solution is sodium carbonate solution, the ratio of sodium carbonate to organic matter (calculated as COD) is 2.7, and the reaction time is 1.5h. After filtration, the quality of the slurry is 4.3% of the treated water. Its quality meets the production requirements and can be fully reused in the front-end production system. The filtrate enters the back-end processing unit, and the device can run well and stably.

实施例3Example 3

实施例3是实施例1在不同运行参数下的操作结果。不同之处在于,碱性钠盐溶液为碳酸氢钠溶液,碳酸氢钠与有机物(以COD计)比值为4.3,反应时间为3.0h。过滤后,浆料质量为处理水量的0.5%,其品质同样满足生产要求,可回用至前端生产系统,滤液进入后端处理单元,装置可良好、稳定运行。Example 3 is the operation result of Example 1 under different operating parameters. The difference is that the alkaline sodium salt solution is sodium bicarbonate solution, the ratio of sodium bicarbonate to organic matter (calculated as COD) is 4.3, and the reaction time is 3.0 h. After filtration, the quality of the slurry is 0.5% of the treated water, and its quality also meets the production requirements. It can be reused in the front-end production system, and the filtrate enters the back-end processing unit, and the device can run well and stably.

实施例4Example 4

实施例4是实施例1在不同运行参数下的操作结果。不同之处在于,精馏塔塔顶的压力为0.3MPaG,有机凝液的采出量为处理水量的0.5%(w/w)。此时,制得的氨水浓度为20.4%,有机杂质含量为0.04%,氨回收率为57%。Example 4 is the operation result of Example 1 under different operating parameters. The difference is that the pressure at the top of the rectification tower is 0.3MPaG, and the output of organic condensate is 0.5% (w/w) of the treated water. At this time, the concentration of the obtained ammonia water was 20.4%, the organic impurity content was 0.04%, and the ammonia recovery rate was 57%.

实施例5Example 5

实施例5与实施例1的区别在于处理对象的水质波动,其水质指标为:盐含量18.5%,COD为78000mg/L,氨氮为3140mg/L。处理过程中,富氧气化工艺中氧气与有机物(以COD计)质量比为4.0,硫酸钠与氯化钠的富氧气化温度分别为750℃和670℃,其余工艺条件保持一致。获得的浆料同样可回用至前端生产系统;回收的氨水浓度为20.7%,有机杂质含量为0.09%;有机凝液的采出量为处理水量的3.0%(w/w);蒸发清液的COD为2370mg/L,氨氮为9mg/L,回用率为81%;精制后的硫酸钠和氯化钠白度较佳,均达到工业级标准。The difference between embodiment 5 and embodiment 1 lies in the fluctuation of the water quality of the treatment object, and its water quality index is: salt content 18.5%, COD is 78000mg/L, ammonia nitrogen is 3140mg/L. During the treatment process, the mass ratio of oxygen to organic matter (COD) in the oxygen-enriched oxidation process is 4.0, the oxygen-enriched oxidation temperatures of sodium sulfate and sodium chloride are 750°C and 670°C, respectively, and the rest of the process conditions remain the same. The obtained slurry can also be reused to the front-end production system; the recovered ammonia concentration is 20.7%, and the organic impurity content is 0.09%; the output of organic condensate is 3.0% (w/w) of the treated water; the clear liquid is evaporated The COD of the product is 2370mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen is 9mg/L, and the recycling rate is 81%. The whiteness of the refined sodium sulfate and sodium chloride is better, both reaching the industrial standard.

实施例6Example 6

某氢能新材料生产废水的盐含量为10.7%,COD为57000mg/L,氨氮为10800mg/L。The salt content of the waste water produced by a new hydrogen energy material is 10.7%, the COD is 57000mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen is 10800mg/L.

(1)往其中加入氢氧化钠和碳酸钠混合溶液,氢氧化钠与有机物(以COD计)的比值为0.4,碳酸钠与有机物(以COD计)比值为0.7,搅拌反应时间为0.3h。过滤后,浆料质量为处理水量的3.2%,其品质满足生产要求,回用至前端生产系统,滤液进入结晶器。(1) Add sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate mixed solution therein, the ratio of sodium hydroxide to organic matter (in COD) is 0.4, the ratio of sodium carbonate to organic matter (in COD) is 0.7, and the stirring reaction time is 0.3h. After filtration, the quality of the slurry is 3.2% of the treated water, and its quality meets the production requirements. It is reused to the front-end production system, and the filtrate enters the crystallizer.

(2)冷却器和结晶器温度控制为6±2℃,获得芒硝晶体,溶解配制成硫酸钠溶液后进入蒸发器;冷却残液进入精馏塔。(2) The temperature of the cooler and the crystallizer is controlled at 6±2°C to obtain Glauber’s salt crystals, which are dissolved and prepared into a sodium sulfate solution and then enter the evaporator; the cooled raffinate enters the rectification tower.

(3)精馏塔塔顶的压力控制为0.05MPaG,有机凝液的采出量为处理水量的2.0%(w/w);精馏塔釜液泵入蒸发器。氨气制备方式为降膜吸收,制得的氨水浓度为21.6%,有机杂质含量为0.08%,氨回收率达到83%。(3) The pressure at the top of the rectifying tower is controlled to be 0.05 MPaG, and the output of the organic condensate is 2.0% (w/w) of the treated water; the still liquid of the rectifying tower is pumped into the evaporator. Ammonia is prepared by falling film absorption, the concentration of ammonia water is 21.6%, the content of organic impurities is 0.08%, and the recovery rate of ammonia reaches 83%.

(4)硫酸钠溶液和精馏塔釜液分别采用蒸发脱水,蒸发清液的COD为1955mg/L,氨氮为88mg/L,满足生产要求。74%的蒸发清液回用至生产系统;获得的粗制硫酸钠和氯化钠输送至富氧气化装置。(4) The sodium sulfate solution and the liquid in the distillation column were dehydrated by evaporation respectively. The COD of the evaporated clear liquid was 1955mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen was 88mg/L, which met the production requirements. 74% of the evaporated liquid is recycled to the production system; the obtained crude sodium sulfate and sodium chloride are sent to the oxygen-enriched oxidation unit.

(5)粗制硫酸钠和氯化钠的富氧气化温度分别为480℃和620℃,反应时间为4.0h,鼓入的气体是纯氧与空气的混合气,其中氧气与有机物(以COD计)质量比为2.5。精制后的硫酸钠白度较佳,纯度为97.8%,水不溶物含量为0.21%,达到工业无水硫酸钠Ⅲ类标准;精制后的氯化钠白度较佳,纯度为97.4%,水不溶物含量为0.18%,达到工业氯化钠二级标准。进入催化燃烧装置的烟气温度260~310℃,催化剂为镍、氧化钴、氧化锰和氧化铜复合物的组合;装置出口烟气经简单处理(冷却、碱洗)后可达标排放。(5) The oxygen-enriched oxidation temperatures of crude sodium sulfate and sodium chloride are 480°C and 620°C respectively, the reaction time is 4.0h, and the gas blown in is a mixture of pure oxygen and air, wherein oxygen and organic matter (in COD Count) mass ratio is 2.5. The refined sodium sulfate has a better whiteness, with a purity of 97.8%, and a water-insoluble content of 0.21%, reaching the industrial anhydrous sodium sulfate class III standard; the refined sodium chloride has a better whiteness, with a purity of 97.4%. The insoluble matter content is 0.18%, reaching the secondary standard of industrial sodium chloride. The temperature of the flue gas entering the catalytic combustion device is 260-310 ° C, and the catalyst is a combination of nickel, cobalt oxide, manganese oxide and copper oxide compound; the flue gas at the outlet of the device can reach the standard emission after simple treatment (cooling, alkali washing).

实施例7Example 7

实施例7是实施例6在不同运行参数下的操作结果。不同之处在于,冷却器和结晶器温度控制为-2±2℃,可获得更多的芒硝晶体,精制后的硫酸钠产品同样可达到工业无水硫酸钠Ⅲ类标准。Example 7 is the operation result of Example 6 under different operating parameters. The difference is that the temperature of the cooler and crystallizer is controlled at -2±2°C, so that more mirabilite crystals can be obtained, and the refined sodium sulfate product can also meet the industrial anhydrous sodium sulfate Class III standard.

实施例8Example 8

实施例8是实施例6在不同运行参数下的操作结果。不同之处在于,碱性钠盐溶液为氢氧化钠和碳酸氢钠混合溶液,氢氧化钠与有机物(以COD计)的比值为0.4,碳酸氢钠与有机物(以COD计)比值为1.2。过滤后,浆料质量为处理水量的1.3%,其品质满足生产要求,可全部回用至前端生产系统,滤液进入后端处理单元,装置可良好、稳定运行。Example 8 is the operation result of Example 6 under different operating parameters. The difference is that the alkaline sodium salt solution is a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and sodium bicarbonate, the ratio of sodium hydroxide to organic matter (in COD) is 0.4, and the ratio of sodium bicarbonate to organic matter (in COD) is 1.2. After filtration, the quality of the slurry is 1.3% of the treated water, which meets the production requirements and can be fully reused in the front-end production system. The filtrate enters the back-end processing unit, and the device can run well and stably.

实施例9Example 9

某氢能新材料生产废水的盐含量为21.4%,COD为13900mg/L,氨氮为8700mg/L。The salt content of the waste water produced by a new hydrogen energy material is 21.4%, the COD is 13900mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen is 8700mg/L.

(1)往其中加入氢氧化钠溶液,氢氧化钠与有机物(以COD计)的比值为0.8,搅拌反应时间为1.2h。过滤后,浆料质量为处理水量的0.7%,其品质满足生产要求,回用至前端生产系统,滤液进入结晶器。(1) Add sodium hydroxide solution therein, the ratio of sodium hydroxide to organic matter (calculated as COD) is 0.8, and the stirring reaction time is 1.2h. After filtration, the quality of the slurry is 0.7% of the treated water, and its quality meets the production requirements. It is reused to the front-end production system, and the filtrate enters the crystallizer.

(2)冷却器和结晶器温度控制为0±2℃,获得芒硝晶体,溶解配制成硫酸钠溶液后进入蒸发器;冷却残液进入精馏塔。(2) The temperature of the cooler and the crystallizer is controlled at 0±2°C to obtain Glauber’s salt crystals, which are dissolved and prepared into a sodium sulfate solution and then enter the evaporator; the cooled raffinate enters the rectification tower.

(3)精馏塔塔顶的压力控制为0.1MPaG,有机凝液的采出量为处理水量的0.7%(w/w);精馏塔釜液泵入蒸发器。氨气制备方式为喷淋吸收,制得的氨水浓度为15.7%,有机杂质含量为0.04%,氨回收率达到71%。(3) The pressure at the top of the rectifying tower is controlled to be 0.1 MPaG, and the output of the organic condensate is 0.7% (w/w) of the treated water; the still liquid of the rectifying tower is pumped into the evaporator. Ammonia gas is prepared by spraying and absorbing. The concentration of ammonia water is 15.7%, the content of organic impurities is 0.04%, and the recovery rate of ammonia reaches 71%.

(4)硫酸钠溶液和精馏塔釜液分别采用蒸发脱水,蒸发清液的COD为320mg/L,氨氮为24mg/L,满足生产要求。95%的蒸发清液回用至生产系统;获得的粗制硫酸钠和氯化钠输送至富氧气化装置。(4) The sodium sulfate solution and the rectifying column still liquid were dehydrated by evaporation respectively, and the COD of the evaporated clear liquid was 320 mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen was 24 mg/L, which met the production requirements. 95% of the evaporated liquid is recycled to the production system; the obtained crude sodium sulfate and sodium chloride are sent to the oxygen-enriched oxidation unit.

(5)粗制硫酸钠和氯化钠的富氧气化温度分别为430℃和650℃,反应时间为2.0h,鼓入的气体是空气,其中氧气与有机物(以COD计)质量比为1.1。精制后的硫酸钠白度较佳,纯度为98.2%,水不溶物含量为0.09%,达到工业无水硫酸钠Ⅲ类标准;精制后的氯化钠白度较佳,纯度为98.1%,水不溶物含量为0.11%,达到工业氯化钠二级标准。进入催化燃烧装置的烟气温度320~400℃,催化剂为镍、氧化钴、氧化锰和氧化铜复合物的组合;装置出口烟气经简单处理(冷却、碱洗)后可达标排放。(5) The oxygen-enriched oxidation temperature of crude sodium sulfate and sodium chloride is 430°C and 650°C respectively, the reaction time is 2.0h, the gas blown in is air, and the mass ratio of oxygen to organic matter (calculated as COD) is 1.1 . The refined sodium sulfate has a better whiteness, with a purity of 98.2%, and a water-insoluble content of 0.09%, reaching the industrial anhydrous sodium sulfate Class III standard; the refined sodium chloride has a better whiteness, with a purity of 98.1%, and water The insoluble matter content is 0.11%, reaching the secondary standard of industrial sodium chloride. The temperature of the flue gas entering the catalytic combustion device is 320-400 °C, and the catalyst is a combination of nickel, cobalt oxide, manganese oxide and copper oxide compound; the flue gas at the outlet of the device can reach the standard emission after simple treatment (cooling, alkali washing).

对比例1Comparative example 1

本对比例是实施例1在不同运行参数下的操作结果。不同之处在于,加入氢氧化钠溶液后,搅拌反应时间为0.1h。This comparative example is the operating result of Example 1 under different operating parameters. The difference is that after adding the sodium hydroxide solution, the stirring reaction time is 0.1h.

搅拌反应后有机絮体粘稠,固液分离效率显著降低,且絮体易黏附于滤膜/滤布表面,浆料难以收集。同时,冷却结晶过程中出现片状有机絮体,芒硝晶体中夹带大量有机物,蒸发清液回用率低(COD达到6000mg/L)。After the stirring reaction, the organic flocs are viscous, the solid-liquid separation efficiency is significantly reduced, and the flocs are easy to adhere to the surface of the filter membrane/filter cloth, making it difficult to collect the slurry. At the same time, flaky organic flocs appeared during the cooling crystallization process, a large amount of organic matter was entrained in the Glauber's salt crystals, and the recovery rate of the evaporated liquid was low (COD reached 6000mg/L).

对比例2Comparative example 2

本对比例是实施例1在不同运行参数下的操作结果。不同之处在于,氢氧化钠与有机物(以COD计)比值为0.2。This comparative example is the operating result of Example 1 under different operating parameters. The difference is that the ratio of sodium hydroxide to organic matter (in terms of COD) is 0.2.

此条件下,精馏塔塔顶有机凝液的采出量为处理水量的0.9%(w/w);并且精制后的氯化钠白度不佳,呈淡粉红色,纯度较低,仅为94.2%。Under this condition, the output of the organic condensate at the top of the rectifying tower is 0.9% (w/w) of the treated water; was 94.2%.

对比例3Comparative example 3

本对比例是实施例1在不同运行参数下的操作结果。不同之处在于,富氧气化装置内氧气与有机物(以COD计)质量比为0.8。This comparative example is the operating result of Example 1 under different operating parameters. The difference is that the mass ratio of oxygen to organic matter (COD) in the oxygen-enriched oxidation device is 0.8.

精制后的硫酸钠白度不佳,呈淡灰色,水不溶物含量为0.37%;精制后的氯化钠白度较差,呈灰色,水不溶物含量为0.52%。The whiteness of refined sodium sulfate is not good, it is light gray, and the water-insoluble content is 0.37%; the whiteness of refined sodium chloride is poor, it is gray, and the water-insoluble content is 0.52%.

对比例4Comparative example 4

本对比例是实施例6在不同运行参数下的操作结果。不同之处在于,精馏塔塔顶的压力为0.35MPaG。This comparative example is the operating result of Example 6 under different operating parameters. The difference is that the pressure at the top of the distillation column is 0.35MPaG.

此条件下,有机凝液的采出量为处理水量的1.8%(w/w),凝液中含大量氨,致使进入吸收装置的氨气量较低,氨回收率<40%。Under this condition, the output of organic condensate is 1.8% (w/w) of the treated water, and the condensate contains a large amount of ammonia, resulting in a low amount of ammonia gas entering the absorption device, and the ammonia recovery rate is <40%.

以上详细描述了本发明的较佳具体实施例。应当理解,本领域的普通技术人员无需创造性劳动就可以根据本发明的构思作出诸多修改和变化。因此,凡本技术领域中技术人员依本发明的构思在现有技术的基础上通过逻辑分析、推理或者有限的实验可以得到的技术方案,皆应在由权利要求书所确定的保护范围内。The preferred specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make many modifications and changes according to the concept of the present invention without creative effort. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the concept of the present invention through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments on the basis of the prior art shall be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims (10)

1.一种氢能新材料生产废水处理及资源再生方法,其特征在于包括如下步骤:1. A hydrogen energy new material production wastewater treatment and resource regeneration method, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: (1)向氢能新材料生产废水中加入碱性钠盐溶液,充分搅拌反应使得生产原料及中间体再生、析出,固液分离后浆料循环至生产车间再利用,滤液进入结晶器;(1) Add alkaline sodium salt solution to the production wastewater of hydrogen energy new materials, fully stir the reaction to regenerate and precipitate the production raw materials and intermediates, and circulate the slurry to the production workshop for reuse after solid-liquid separation, and the filtrate enters the crystallizer; (2)采用轴流泵抽吸使滤液在结晶器及冷却器之间内部循环,降温后的废水在结晶器内析晶、固液分离,回收获得芒硝晶体和冷却残液;(2) The filtrate is internally circulated between the crystallizer and the cooler by adopting axial flow pump suction, and the cooled waste water is crystallized and solid-liquid separated in the crystallizer, and then reclaimed to obtain mirabilite crystals and cooling raffinate; (3)冷却残液采用精馏分离技术,精馏塔釜液泵入蒸发系统;精馏塔塔顶分离出有机物蒸汽及氨气,冷凝后获得有机凝液及高纯氨气,有机凝液循环至生产车间再利用,氨气以水吸收制成工业氨水再利用;(3) Rectification and separation technology is adopted for the cooling raffinate, and the liquid in the rectification tower is pumped into the evaporation system; organic vapor and ammonia gas are separated from the top of the rectification tower, and organic condensate and high-purity ammonia gas are obtained after condensation. Organic condensate Circulate to the production workshop for reuse, ammonia gas is absorbed by water to make industrial ammonia water for reuse; (4)芒硝晶体和精馏塔釜液分别进入蒸发系统脱除水分,分离出蒸发清液、蒸发浓液、粗制盐产品硫酸钠和氯化钠,蒸发清液回用作为生产补水或采用生物处理后外排;(4) Glauber's salt crystals and rectification tower still liquid enter the evaporation system to remove water respectively, separate the evaporated clear liquid, evaporated concentrated liquid, and crude salt products sodium sulfate and sodium chloride, and reuse the evaporated clear liquid as water replenishment for production or use efflux after biological treatment; (5)粗制盐产品硫酸钠和氯化钠采用富氧气化耦合催化燃烧,反应结束后,制得精制盐产品硫酸钠和氯化钠,作为工业盐再利用。(5) The crude salt products sodium sulfate and sodium chloride are catalyzed and combusted by oxygen-enriched oxidation. After the reaction, the refined salt products sodium sulfate and sodium chloride are produced, which can be reused as industrial salt. 2.根据权利要求1所述的氢能新材料生产废水处理及资源再生方法,其特征在于:在步骤(1)中,所述的氢能新材料生产废水的盐含量≥10%(w/w),COD为10000~80000mg/L,氨氮浓度≥3000mg/L。2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step (1), the salt content of the hydrogen energy new material production wastewater is ≥ 10% (w/ w), COD is 10000~80000mg/L, ammonia nitrogen concentration is ≥3000mg/L. 3.根据权利要求1所述的氢能新材料生产废水处理及资源再生方法,其特征在于:在步骤(1)中,所述的碱性钠盐溶液为氢氧化钠溶液、碳酸钠溶液和碳酸氢钠溶液中的一种或几种的组合。3. The hydrogen energy new material production wastewater treatment and resource regeneration method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step (1), the alkaline sodium salt solution is sodium hydroxide solution, sodium carbonate solution and One or a combination of sodium bicarbonate solution. 4.根据权利要求2所述的氢能新材料生产废水处理及资源再生方法,其特征在于:在步骤(1)中,所述的碱性钠盐溶液为氢氧化钠时,与有机物(以COD计)质量比为0.4~2.0;碱性钠盐溶液为碳酸钠时,与有机物(以COD计)质量比为0.6~2.7;碱性钠盐溶液为碳酸氢钠时,与有机物(以COD计)质量比为1.0~4.5;反应时间为0.25~3.0h。4. The hydrogen energy new material production wastewater treatment and resource regeneration method according to claim 2, characterized in that: in step (1), when the alkaline sodium salt solution is sodium hydroxide, it is mixed with organic matter (in the form of COD) mass ratio is 0.4 to 2.0; when the alkaline sodium salt solution is sodium carbonate, the mass ratio to organic matter (in COD) is 0.6 to 2.7; when the alkaline sodium salt solution is sodium bicarbonate, to organic matter (in COD) The mass ratio is 1.0-4.5; the reaction time is 0.25-3.0h. 5.根据权利要求1所述的氢能新材料生产废水处理及资源再生方法,其特征在于:在步骤(2)中,所述的冷却器中冷却后废水温度控制为-5~10℃。5. The method for treating waste water and resource regeneration in the production of new hydrogen energy materials according to claim 1, characterized in that in step (2), the temperature of the waste water after cooling in the cooler is controlled to be -5-10°C. 6.根据权利要求1所述的氢能新材料生产废水处理及资源再生方法,其特征在于:在步骤(3)中,精馏塔塔顶的压力≤0.3MPaG;有机凝液采出量为处理水量的0.5~3.0%(w/w);氨水制备方式为喷淋吸收或降膜吸收。6. The hydrogen energy new material production wastewater treatment and resource regeneration method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step (3), the pressure at the top of the rectification tower is ≤0.3MPaG; the output of organic condensate is 0.5-3.0% (w/w) of the treated water; ammonia water is prepared by spray absorption or falling film absorption. 7.根据权利要求1所述的氢能新材料生产废水处理及资源再生方法,其特征在于:在步骤(4)中,所述的蒸发清液的回用比例为70~95%(w/w)。7. The hydrogen energy new material production wastewater treatment and resource regeneration method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step (4), the reuse ratio of the evaporated clear liquid is 70-95% (w/ w). 8.根据权利要求1所述的氢能新材料生产废水处理及资源再生方法,其特征在于:在步骤(5)中,鼓入氧气或氧气与惰性气体的混合气,氧气与有机物(以COD计)质量比为1.0~4.0。8. The hydrogen energy new material production wastewater treatment and resource regeneration method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step (5), oxygen or a mixture of oxygen and inert gas is blown in, oxygen and organic matter (in the form of COD meter) mass ratio of 1.0 to 4.0. 9.根据权利要求8所述的氢能新材料生产废水处理及资源再生方法,其特征在于:在步骤(5)中,所述的富氧气化的温度为400~750℃,时间为1.0~4.0h。9. The hydrogen energy new material production wastewater treatment and resource regeneration method according to claim 8, characterized in that: in step (5), the temperature of the oxygen-enriched oxidation is 400-750°C, and the time is 1.0- 4.0h. 10.根据权利要求9所述的氢能新材料生产废水处理及资源再生方法,其特征在于:在步骤(5)中,所述的催化燃烧装置的烟气温度为260~400℃,催化剂载体为多孔材料,催化剂有效成分为过渡金属及其氧化物中的一种或几种的组合。10. The method for wastewater treatment and resource regeneration of new hydrogen energy materials production according to claim 9, characterized in that: in step (5), the flue gas temperature of the catalytic combustion device is 260-400°C, and the catalyst carrier It is a porous material, and the active ingredient of the catalyst is one or a combination of transition metals and their oxides.
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