CN115585938B - A vector thrust in-situ calibration device for a six-component force test bench - Google Patents
A vector thrust in-situ calibration device for a six-component force test bench Download PDFInfo
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- CN115585938B CN115585938B CN202211213331.4A CN202211213331A CN115585938B CN 115585938 B CN115585938 B CN 115585938B CN 202211213331 A CN202211213331 A CN 202211213331A CN 115585938 B CN115585938 B CN 115585938B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L25/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus for measuring force, torque, work, mechanical power, or mechanical efficiency
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Abstract
The invention discloses a vector thrust in-situ calibration device for a six-component force rack, which comprises a fixed rack, a movable rack, an engine simulation rack, a hemispherical shell, a vector calibration force loading rod and a position adjustment assembly, wherein the movable rack is connected with the fixed rack through six force measuring sensors, the engine simulation rack is detachably connected with the movable rack, a ball bowl is arranged on the engine simulation rack, the hemispherical shell is fixed on the fixed rack, an opening of the hemispherical shell is opposite to the ball bowl, a plurality of ball sockets are arranged in the hemispherical shell, the vector calibration force loading rod comprises a first ball head rod, a hydraulic cylinder, a tension and compression sensor and a second ball head rod, and the position adjustment assembly is connected with the second ball head rod. The invention can simulate vector thrust which is generated by a vector thrust engine by deflection of a vector spray pipe and is different in direction and size without arranging a plurality of calibration force generating devices, and utilizes the engine simulation hanging frame to enable the movable frame to generate different pitching moment and yawing moment, and the forces and the moments can be measured by six force measuring sensors distributed on the movable frame.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aeroengine testing, in particular to a vector thrust in-situ calibration device for a six-component force bench.
Background
In order to obtain higher maneuverability and agility of aircrafts, more and more aircrafts adopt a vectoring nozzle engine technology, and compared with a common thrust engine which only generates forward thrust, the vectoring engine with a rotatable nozzle can change the direction of the nozzle, so that the jet direction is changed, the engine additionally obtains a certain deflection moment, and the forward thrust and the deflection moment finally synthesize a specific vectoring thrust. In order to realize accurate control of the vector thrust, the engine vector thrust is firstly required to be measured by a six-component force bench, and the six-component force bench generally comprises a fixed frame, a movable frame and six force measuring sensors, wherein the fixed frame is fixed with the ground, and the movable frame is connected with the fixed frame through the six force measuring sensors. During measurement, the vector thrust is calculated by substituting readings on the six force transducers into a working formula of the rack. Since six-component racks are manufactured and used with a large number of systematic and random factors that interfere with accuracy and precision, they must be calibrated periodically to obtain the current working formula of the rack.
A common calibration method is to arrange six calibration force generating devices in the same position of the six load cells and in the same direction or opposite directions of the sensors, and then let one or more of the force generating devices generate a single calibration force or a combined calibration force to calibrate the stage, which has the disadvantages that: because the hydraulic cylinders in the calibrating force devices are arranged in the coaxial direction of the six sensors, the resultant force generated by the combination of the hydraulic cylinders is mostly force spiral, and the instantaneous thrust generated by the engine is mostly force vector, so that the calibrating force generated by the calibrating equipment with the structure cannot accurately reproduce the acting effect of the vector thrust of the engine on the rack.
In order to better reproduce the vector thrust of the engine and reduce the number of calibration force generating devices, it is necessary to design a device capable of performing in-situ calibration of the vector force of the six-component gantry.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a vector thrust in-situ calibration device for a six-component gantry, which is used for solving the problems of the background art.
The vector thrust in-situ calibration device for the six-component force rack comprises a fixed frame, a movable frame, an engine simulation hanging frame, a hemispherical shell, a vector calibration force loading rod and a position adjustment assembly, wherein the movable frame is connected with the fixed frame through six force measuring sensors, the engine simulation hanging frame is detachably connected with the movable frame, a ball bowl is arranged on the engine simulation hanging frame, the hemispherical shell is fixed on the fixed frame, an opening is opposite to the ball bowl, a plurality of ball sockets are arranged in the hemispherical shell, the vector calibration force loading rod comprises a first ball head rod, a hydraulic cylinder, a tension and compression sensor and a second ball head rod, the ball head end of the first ball head rod is connected with the ball bowl, the other end of the first ball head rod is connected with the hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic cylinder is connected with the second ball head rod through the tension and compression sensor, the ball head end of the second ball head rod is connected with one ball socket in the hemispherical shell, and the position adjustment assembly is connected with the second ball head rod and is used for adjusting the position of the second ball head rod in the hemispherical shell.
Preferably, the engine simulation hanger comprises a connecting rod, a first flange and a second flange, wherein the first flange and the second flange are concentrically arranged, the first flange and the second flange are connected through a plurality of connecting rods, and the side wall of the first flange and the side wall of the second flange are connected with longitudinal beams arranged on the movable frame through screws.
The U-shaped adjusting support is arranged in the opening of the U-shaped adjusting support and is in sliding connection with the supporting shaft through the through hole, the base is fixedly connected with the middle of a cross beam arranged on the fixed frame, the bottom of the U-shaped adjusting support is in rotary connection with the base through a connecting column, the U-shaped supporting frame is fixed at one end, close to a second ball head rod, of the guiding lever, and the second ball head rod is clamped in the U-shaped supporting frame.
Preferably, the center department of first flange and second flange all is equipped with the screw hole, and screw hole department is connected with the screw rod, after the one end of screw rod passes first flange and second flange with the ball bowl is fixed, first ball head pole has a plurality ofly, and the length of a plurality of first ball head poles is different, and the pole portion of every first ball head pole all is equipped with the external screw thread, the pneumatic cylinder is equipped with the internal screw thread on just facing the cylinder body of first ball head pole, the pole portion and the pneumatic cylinder threaded connection of first ball head pole.
Preferably, the side wall of the ball bowl, which is opposite to the second flange, is connected with a horn-shaped backing ring.
Preferably, a third flange is fixed at the opening end of the hemispherical shell, and the third flange is fixed with the fixed frame.
Preferably, each of the sockets has an independent number.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. The invention has good space force transmission performance based on the shell structure, can form a bearing structure with high bearing capacity and high rigidity by smaller member thickness, thus arranging a hemispherical shell, arranging a plurality of ball sockets on the hemispherical shell, simultaneously changing the ball socket of the ball head end of the second ball head rod placed at different longitudes and latitudes through the position adjusting component, and enabling the hydraulic cylinder to generate different axial pressure, therefore, vector thrust from different directions and different magnitudes generated by deflection of the vector thrust engine can be simulated, the first ball head rod pushes the simulation hanger for simulating the vector thrust force transmission path of the engine, the engine simulation hanger is utilized to enable the movable frame to generate different pitching moment and yawing moment, and the forces and the moments can be measured by six force measuring sensors distributed on the movable frame, so that a plurality of calibration force generating devices are not required to be arranged, and the vector thrust of the engine can be reproduced.
2. According to the invention, when the direction of vector calibration force is changed, num ball sockets are distributed on the hemispherical shell, and the pressure is divided into M loading conditions with different sizes by adjusting the pressure of the hydraulic cylinder, so that M times Num vector forces generated in the calibration process can be realized, and in consideration of the possible axial deviation phenomenon of the vector force acting point of the engine, in order to simulate the deviation, the acting point of the vector calibration force loading rod on the engine simulation hanger is changed, namely the position of the ball bowl is changed for N times, and meanwhile, M times different forces at each ball socket are required to be measured in a traversing way every time the position of the ball bowl is changed, so that M times N times Num calibration loading forces can be realized at most.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a ball socket on a hemispherical shell in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the assembled six-component gantry of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a position adjustment assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the backing ring of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes in detail the embodiments of the present invention with reference to fig. 1 to 5. In the description of the invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate describing the invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention.
The terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature, and in the description of the invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
Example 1
As shown in figures 1 to 5, the embodiment of the invention provides a vector thrust in-situ calibration device for a six-component rack, which comprises a fixed frame 5-1, a movable frame 5-2, an engine simulation hanging frame, a hemispherical shell 3-1, a distance adjusting component, a vector calibration force loading rod and a position adjusting component, wherein the movable frame 5-2 is connected with the fixed frame 5-1 through six force transducers 5-3, the engine simulation hanging frame is detachably connected with the movable frame 5-2, a spherical bowl 1-5 is arranged on the engine simulation hanging frame, the hemispherical shell 3-1 is fixed on the fixed frame 5-1, an opening is opposite to the spherical bowl 1-5, a plurality of ball sockets are arranged in the hemispherical shell 3-1, the vector calibration force loading rod comprises a first spherical rod 2-1, a hydraulic cylinder 2-2, a pull pressure sensor 2-3 and a second spherical rod 2-4, the spherical head end of the first spherical rod 2-1 is connected with the spherical bowl 1-5, the other end of the first spherical rod 2-1 is connected with the hydraulic cylinder 2-2, the hydraulic cylinder 2-4 is connected with the second spherical rod 2-4 through the pull pressure sensor 2-3, and the spherical rod is connected with the spherical rod 2-4 in the hemispherical shell 2-4 through the position adjusting component.
According to the invention, the ball head end of the second ball head rod 2-4 is placed in ball sockets at different longitudes and latitudes through the position adjusting component, and the hydraulic cylinder 2-2 generates axial pressure with different magnitudes, so that vector thrust of a vector thrust engine from different directions and with different magnitudes can be simulated, the first ball head rod 2-1 pushes a simulation hanger for simulating a vector thrust force transmission path of the engine, the engine simulation hanger is utilized to enable the movable frame to generate different pitching moment and yaw moment, the forces and the moment are measured by six force measuring sensors distributed on the movable frame, the number of the ball sockets is Num, the number of the ball sockets Num is related to parameters contained in a polynomial model for calibration, the overall principle is that the number of all vector forces (different directions and different magnitudes) of the structure is not less than 1.5 times of model parameters, meanwhile, the measuring range of the hydraulic cylinder 2-2 is divided into M (generally M takes 3 or 4) equal parts, and then the pressure of the hydraulic cylinder is increased to the maximum measuring range in sections by M times, and therefore the M times of vector forces generated in the calibration process can be realized.
Example 2
In this embodiment, on the basis of embodiment 1, the structure of the engine simulation hanger is limited, specifically, as shown in fig. 3, so that the engine simulation hanger includes a connecting rod 1-1, a first flange 1-2 and a second flange 1-3, the first flange 1-2 and the second flange 1-3 are concentrically arranged, the first flange 1-2 and the second flange 1-3 are connected through a plurality of connecting rods 1-1, and the side wall of the first flange 1-2 and the side wall of the second flange 1-3 are connected with a longitudinal beam arranged on the movable frame 5-2 through screws.
Example 3
The structure of the position adjusting assembly is limited on the basis of the embodiment 1, specifically, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the position adjusting assembly comprises a guide lever 4-1, a U-shaped adjusting support 4-2, a base 4-3 and a U-shaped supporting frame 4-4, wherein the guide lever 4-1 is arranged below a vector calibration force loading rod, a horizontally arranged through hole is formed in the middle of the guide lever 4-1, a horizontally arranged supporting shaft is erected inside the opening of the U-shaped adjusting support 4-2, the guide lever 4-1 is arranged inside the opening of the U-shaped adjusting support 4-2 and is in sliding connection with the supporting shaft through the through hole, the base 4-3 is fixedly connected with the middle of a cross beam arranged on the fixed frame 5-1, the bottom of the U-shaped adjusting support 4-2 is in rotary connection with the base 4-3 through a connecting column, the U-shaped supporting frame 4-4 is fixed at one end of the guide lever 4-1 close to a second ball head rod 2-4, and the second ball head rod 2-4 is clamped in the U-shaped supporting frame 4-4.
When the position of the ball socket of the second ball head rod 2-4 in the hemispherical shell 3-1 is changed through the position adjusting component, and therefore the direction of vector calibration force is changed, the U-shaped supporting frame 4-4 arranged on the guide lever 4-1 lifts the second ball head rod 2-4 to a certain ball socket position, then the hydraulic cylinder 2-2 provides pretightening force, the ball body of the first ball head rod 2-1 is in close contact with the ball bowl 1-5 and the ball body of the second ball head rod 2-4 is in close contact with the ball socket, and finally the guide lever 4-1 is removed.
Example 4
In this embodiment, on the basis of embodiment 2, considering the possible axial offset phenomenon of the vector force action point of the engine, in order to simulate the offset, screw holes are formed in the centers of the first flange 1-2 and the second flange 1-3, a screw 1-4 is connected to the screw holes, one end of the screw 1-4 passes through the first flange 1-2 and the second flange 1-3 and then is fixed to the ball bowl 1-5, the first ball bars 2-1 are multiple, the lengths of the multiple first ball bars 2-1 are different, external threads are formed in the rod portion of each first ball bar 2-1, internal threads are formed in the cylinder body of each cylinder 2-2 opposite to the first ball bar 2-1, and the rod portion of the first ball bar 2-1 is in threaded connection with the cylinder 2-2.
If the action point of the vector calibration force loading rod on the engine simulation hanger 1 is to be changed, the position of the ball bowl 1-5 on the central screw 1-4 needs to be changed, and the first ball head rod 2-1 with the corresponding length is replaced, namely, the horizontal distance between the ball bowl 1-5 and the hemispherical shell 3-1 is adjusted by rotating the screw 1-4, and when the position of the ball bowl 1-4 is changed once, the force with M different magnitudes at each ball socket needs to be measured in a traversing way, for example, the position of the ball bowl 1-5 is changed N times (generally N is 2 or 3) in the whole measuring process, so that the number of all vector forces generated by the whole calibrating device in the calibrating process can be M×N×Num at most.
Further, as shown in fig. 5, in order to make the bowl 1-5 screwed out to the right have higher rigidity against bending deformation caused by vector force, a horn-shaped backing ring 1-6 needs to be attached to the side wall of the bowl 1-5 facing the second flange 1-3.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, a third flange 3-2 is fixed at the opening end of the hemispherical shell 3-1, and the third flange 3-2 is fixed with the fixed frame 5-1.
Furthermore, in order to be convenient for acquiring the direction of the vector calibration force, each ball socket is provided with an independent number, and the direction of the vector calibration force with the corresponding number can be acquired by inquiring the number of the ball socket.
The overall calibration operation of the present invention is as follows:
When the six-component engine rack is calibrated through the device, the engine simulation hanging frame 1 is installed on a longitudinal beam arranged on the movable frame 5-2 through the first flange 1-2 and the second flange 1-3 through screws, and after installation, the straight line of the center shaft of the screw 1-4 is ensured to coincide with the straight line connecting the center of the hemispherical shell 3-1 and the center of the hemispherical shell vertex ball socket. The screw-in distance between the screw 1-4 and the two screw holes at the centers of the flange surfaces of the first flange 1-2 and the second flange 1-3 is adjusted, so that the distance between the vertex of the spherical bowl 1-5 and the vertex of the central ball socket at the inner side of the hemispherical shell 3-1 is exactly equal to the length of the vector calibration force loading rod, namely the distance between the vertex of the first spherical rod 2-1 and the vertex of the second spherical rod 2-4. After the distance and position constraints are met, nuts of the screw rods 1-4 near the first flange 1-2 are fastened, vector force generated by the vector calibration force loading rod is transmitted to the simulation hanging frame and further transmitted to the movable frame through the ball bowl 1-5, and then sensing and measuring are carried out by six load cells installed between the movable frame 5-2 and the fixed frame 5-1.
In order to change the direction of the vector calibration force, only the direction of the loading rod 2 needs to be changed, namely the position of the ball socket on the inner side of the semispherical shell 3-1 tightly contacted with the ball head on the top of the second ball head rod 2-4 is changed. The function is realized by the guide lever 4-1, the rod body of the guide lever 4-1 is drilled and then is arranged on the supporting shaft of the U-shaped adjusting support 4-2, so that the guide lever 4-1 can rotate around the supporting shaft in the latitudinal direction of the hemispherical shell, the bottom of the U-shaped adjusting support 4-2 is embedded into the base 4-3 through the connecting column and is rotationally connected with the base, and the guide lever 4-1 can rotate around the upright column in the longitudinal direction of the hemispherical shell. The base 4-3 is installed in the middle of the beam at the rear side of the fixed frame and serves as a fulcrum of the guide lever 4-1. The adjusting process is that firstly, a U-shaped supporting frame 4-4 arranged on a guide lever 4-1 is used for lifting a second ball head rod 2-4 to a certain ball socket position, then a hydraulic cylinder 2-2 provides pretightening force, so that the ball body of the first ball head rod 2-1 is tightly contacted with a ball bowl 1-5 and the ball body of the second ball head rod 2-4 is tightly contacted with the ball socket, and finally the guide lever 4-1 is removed.
The measuring process is that the measuring range of the hydraulic cylinder is divided into M (generally M is taken to be 3 or 4) equal parts, and then the pressure of the hydraulic cylinder is increased to the maximum measuring range in sections for M times. ) And then successively recording the readings on the high-precision tension and compression sensor 2-3 and the readings on the six force sensors, lifting the vector calibration force loading rod to another ball socket position by the guide lever 4 after the hydraulic cylinder 2-2 is unloaded, and similarly measuring the responses of the six force sensors on the movable frame under the action of the other vector calibration force.
If the action point of the vector calibration force loading rod on the engine simulation hanger 1 is to be changed, the position of the ball bowl 1-5 on the central screw 1-4 is required to be changed, the first ball head rod 2-1 with the corresponding length is required to be replaced, and when the position of the ball bowl is changed once, the force with M different magnitudes at each ball socket is required to be measured in a traversing way, for example, the position of the ball bowl is changed N times (generally N is 2 or 3), and the number of all vector forces generated by the whole calibration device in the calibration process can be M multiplied by N multiplied by Num at most.
The foregoing disclosure is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any variations within the scope of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (7)
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| CN202211213331.4A CN115585938B (en) | 2022-09-30 | 2022-09-30 | A vector thrust in-situ calibration device for a six-component force test bench |
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| CN202211213331.4A CN115585938B (en) | 2022-09-30 | 2022-09-30 | A vector thrust in-situ calibration device for a six-component force test bench |
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| CN115585938B true CN115585938B (en) | 2025-04-01 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116577018B (en) * | 2023-05-11 | 2026-02-27 | 中国航发沈阳发动机研究所 | A Coupling Correction Method for Calibration of a Multi-Component Force Measurement System |
| CN117740390A (en) * | 2023-12-21 | 2024-03-22 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京长城计量测试技术研究所 | Vector force multi-degree-of-freedom center loading device |
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