CN115548600B - A battery cell, battery and electrical equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of batteries, and in particular, to a battery cell, a battery and electrical equipment. The battery cell includes an electrode terminal, and the electrode terminal includes: a first section; a second section; a fuse section for electrically connecting the first section and the second section through the fuse section; and a conductive section for making the first section The segment part and the second segment part are electrically connected through the conductive part; wherein, the melting point of the fuse part is lower than the melting point of the conductive part. When the current passing through the electrode terminal exceeds the threshold, the fuse part melts and the conductive part maintains the first segment part and the second segment part. The electrical connection of the fuse part; the current flowing through the electrode terminal after the fuse part is blown is less than the threshold value. The battery cell provided by this application can adjust the resistance of the battery cell in time when the current of the circuit where the battery cell is located increases, so as to reduce the current, reduce the probability of overcurrent damage to the battery and electrical equipment, and enable The battery cell provides a certain amount of power for electrical equipment to perform post-failure disposal actions, further improving the safety of electrical equipment.

Description

A battery cell, battery and electrical equipment

Technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of batteries, and in particular, to a battery cell, a battery and electrical equipment.

Background technique

With the development of society and the enhancement of environmental awareness, more and more electrical equipment choose to use power batteries, especially large-capacity power batteries, as their power source.

Although large-capacity power batteries can provide sufficient energy for electrical equipment, their safety performance has not been satisfactorily resolved due to the use of high-energy chemicals and energy concentration. During use, it is easy for the current of the battery to increase instantaneously due to mismatching of the positive and negative poles of the battery or internal short circuit of the battery, resulting in damage to the electrical equipment.

Therefore, how to improve the safety of use of batteries and electrical equipment is an urgent problem in this field that needs to be solved.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above problems, embodiments of the present application provide a battery cell, battery and electrical equipment, which can adjust the resistance of the battery cell in time to reduce the current when the current of the circuit where the battery cell is located increases. Reduce the probability of overcurrent damage to batteries and electrical equipment, and enable the battery cells to provide a certain amount of power for electrical equipment to perform post-fault disposal actions.

According to one aspect of the embodiment of the present application, a battery cell is provided, including a casing, an electrode assembly and an end cover. The casing is provided with an opening, the electrode assembly is placed in the casing, and the end cover is used to cover the opening. The cover is also provided with an electrode terminal, which includes a first segment and a second segment; and the electrode terminal also includes a fuse portion and a conductive portion, and the fuse portion and the conductive portion are respectively used to simultaneously connect the first segment and the second segment. The second section is electrically connected;

The melting point of the fuse part is lower than the melting point of the conductive part. When the current passing through the electrode terminal exceeds the threshold, the fuse part melts, and the conductive part maintains the electrical connection between the first segment and the second segment; after the fuse part melts, the current passing through the electrode terminal The current is less than the threshold.

By adopting the above solution, the battery cells are connected to the circuit through the electrode terminals. When the current passing through the electrode terminals is less than the threshold, the fuse part and the conductive part are electrically connected to the first section and the second section respectively at the same time to ensure the normal connection of the battery cells. into the circuit; when the current passing through the battery cell exceeds the threshold, each electrical connection component of the electrode terminal will rapidly generate heat. When the heat is greater than the melting point of a certain component, the component will melt and disconnect, because the melting point of the fuse part is smaller than the conductive part. The melting point of the part, so when the current passing through the electrode terminal is greater than the threshold, the fuse part will melt preferentially. After the fuse part melts, the first section and the second section are electrically connected only through the conductive part. At this time, through the electrode terminal The current will be reduced below the threshold, which can protect the battery cell and the circuit in which it is located, reduce the probability of overcurrent damage to the battery cell and electrical equipment, and improve the safety of the battery cell. In addition, since the conductive part continuously maintains the electrical connection between the first section and the second section, the electrical equipment can also maintain a certain power after the fuse part is disconnected, so as to facilitate the user to take corresponding actions on the electrical equipment. , such as pulling over, etc., thereby making it convenient for users to use and further improving the safety performance of the equipment.

In some embodiments, the fuse part and the conductive part are both located between the first section and the second section, and each of the fuse section and the conductive part has one end connected to the first section and the other end connected to the second section, To electrically connect the first segment and the second segment respectively.

By adopting the above solution, when the current passing through the electrode terminal is less than the threshold value, the fuse part and the conductive part are connected in parallel between the first section and the second section so that the first section and the second section are electrically connected, In this way, the resistance of the electrode terminal is smaller, and the current passing through the electrode terminal is larger, so that the electrical equipment has greater power to perform more actions; when the fuse part is blown, the resistance of the electrode terminal increases so that the current passing through the electrode terminal The current is smaller than before the fuse is blown, and the battery cell can provide less power to the electrical equipment to complete the disposal action after the fuse is blown.

In some embodiments, the conductive part is configured to surround the fuse part and be used to support the first segment or the second segment after the fuse is melted.

By adopting the above solution, after the fuse part is blown, it loses its ability to support the first segment and the second segment. If there is no support from the conductive part, the first segment will move toward the second segment, or the first segment will move toward the second segment. , the second section approaches the direction of the first section, destroying the assembly structure of the electrode terminal, and at the same time, the melted fuse section may re-energize the first section and the second section, causing the circuit to become unstable again. In a safe high-current environment, the conductive part is arranged around the fuse part so that after the fuse part is blown, the conductive part can be supported between the first section and the second section to prevent the first section and the second section from being connected. close to each other to prevent the circuit from being in an unsafe high current environment again.

In some embodiments, the conductive part includes a plurality of conductive pillars, and two adjacent conductive pillars are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the fuse part, so that the fuse part is melted and discharged from the gap between the two adjacent conductive pillars.

By adopting the above solution, the fuse part becomes soft and fluid after being melted. When the fuse part flows out through the gap between the conductive pillars, the fuse part is disconnected from the first segment or the second segment, thereby causing the first segment to be disconnected. The segment and the second segment are no longer electrically connected through the fuse.

In some embodiments, the conductive portion includes a conductive ring disposed around the fuse portion.

By adopting the above solution, the conductive ring can be supported between the first section and the second section in a full circle after the fuse section is blown, preventing the first section and the second section from approaching each other.

In some embodiments, a separation space is provided between the fuse part and the conductive ring, and at least part of the fuse part enters the separation space after being melted.

By adopting the above solution, when the fuse melts and becomes soft, it enters the separation space and is disconnected from the first segment or the second segment, so that the electric current between the first segment and the second segment no longer passes through the fuse. connect.

In some embodiments, the fuse portion is configured to surround the conductive portion.

By adopting the above solution, after the fuse part is melted, it can flow around the conductive part to disconnect from the first segment or the second segment; the conductive part supports the first segment and the second segment in the middle to maintain the first segment. The first section and the second section are electrically connected between and supported by the first section and the second section.

In some embodiments, the melting point of the fuse portion is lower than the melting points of the first segment and the second segment, so that when the current passing through the electrode terminal exceeds the threshold, the fuse portion melts earlier than the first segment and the second segment.

By adopting the above solution, when the current passing through the electrode terminal exceeds the threshold, if the first segment and the second segment fuse, although the current passing through the battery cell can be completely cut off, the effect of protecting the battery and electrical equipment is achieved. However, the inability of the electrical equipment to take action may lead to problems such as the vehicle being parked where it should not be, or the equipment being in a dangerous state. By making the melting point of the fuse part lower than that of the first and second sections, melting point, when the current passing through the electrode terminal exceeds the threshold, the fuse part fuses instead of the first segment and the second segment. At this time, the first segment and the second segment are connected through the conductive part, so that through the electrode terminal The current is small, and the battery cell can still provide power for the electrical equipment to perform disposal actions.

In some embodiments, the conductive portion is made of the same material as the first segment and/or the conductive portion is made of the same material as the second segment.

By adopting the above solution, the conductive part can be integrally formed with the first segment or the second segment, thereby reducing manufacturing costs.

According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a battery is provided, including a plurality of battery cells in the above embodiments.

By adopting the above solution, multiple battery cells can be disconnected through the fuse part when the current of the circuit in which they are located increases, so as to protect the battery and electrical equipment, prevent them from overcurrent damage, and provide power for the electrical equipment. Make it perform disposal actions to prevent electrical equipment from stopping in a dangerous state. According to a third aspect of the embodiment of the present application, an electrical device is provided, including the battery in the above embodiment.

By adopting the above solution, the safety of the electrical equipment is higher, and when the battery of the electrical equipment is short-circuited, the current of the battery can quickly return to the safe range and provide power for the electrical equipment within the safe range, so that Electrical equipment can take disposal actions, further improving the safety of electrical equipment.

In the embodiment of the present application, a fuse part and a conductive part are respectively provided to electrically connect the first section and the second section of the electrode terminal, and the melting point of the fuse part is lower than the melting point of the conductive part. After the fuse part is melted, the conductive part is The first section is electrically connected to the second section, and the current passing through the electrode terminal is controlled not to exceed the threshold, which ensures safety and at the same time enables the electrical equipment to have a certain power to take disposal actions, further improving Ensure the safety of electrical equipment.

The above description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application. In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical means of the embodiments of the present application, they can be implemented according to the content of the description, and in order to achieve the above and other purposes, features and The advantages can be more clearly understood, and the specific implementation methods of the present application are specifically listed below.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, a brief introduction will be made below to the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application. Those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without exerting creative efforts.

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of electrical equipment in an embodiment of the present application.

Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery in an embodiment of the present application.

Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module in an embodiment of the present application.

Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell in an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the end cap assembly in FIG. 4 .

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrode terminal in a first state according to an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the electrode terminal in the second state according to an embodiment of the present application.

Figure 8 is a perspective view of an electrode terminal in another embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the B-B section in FIG. 8 .

Figure 10 is a perspective view of an electrode terminal in yet another embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the C-C section in FIG. 10 .

Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view of an electrode terminal in yet another embodiment of the present application.

Reference signs: 200, vehicle; 210, battery; 220, controller; 230, motor; 21, box; 211, first box part; 212, second box part; 22, battery cell; 221, Electrode assembly; 222, shell; 223, end cover; 224, electrode terminal; 2241, first section; 2242, second section; 2243, fuse section; 2244, conductive section; 23, conductive column; 24, conductive Ring; 25. Interval space; 225. Connection member; 226. Positive pole tab; 227. Negative pole tab; 300. Battery module.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments These are part of the embodiments of this application, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of this application.

Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field belonging to this application; the terms used herein in the specification of the application are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only. are not intended to limit this application.

The terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the description, claims and description of the drawings of this application are intended to cover but not exclude other contents. The word "a" or "an" does not exclude the presence of a plurality.

Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearances of the phrase "embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive with other embodiments. Those skilled in the art understand, both explicitly and implicitly, that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

The term "and/or" in this article is just an association relationship that describes related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and/or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and they exist alone. B these three situations. In addition, the character "/" in this article generally indicates that the related objects are an "or" relationship.

The directional words appearing in the following description are the directions shown in the figures, and do not limit the specific structures of the battery cells, batteries and electrical equipment of the present application. For example, in the description of this application, the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "Left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial" The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "direction", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have Specific orientations, construction and operation in specific orientations and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the application.

In addition, expressions such as x-direction, y-direction, and z-direction that indicate the operation and structure of the battery cells, batteries, and components of the electrical equipment of this embodiment are not absolute but relative, and although These directions are appropriate when the components of the battery pack are in the positions shown in the figures, but when these positions change, these directions should be interpreted differently to correspond to the change.

In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of this application or the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific sequence, and may expressly or implicitly include a or more of this feature.

In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "plurality" means two or more (including two), and similarly, "multiple groups" means two or more groups (including two groups).

In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stated and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, "connection" or "connection" of a mechanical structure It may refer to a physical connection. For example, the physical connection may be a fixed connection, such as a fixed connection through a fastener, such as a fixed connection through screws, bolts or other fasteners; the physical connection may also be a detachable connection, such as Mutually snapping or snapping connection; the physical connection can also be an integral connection, for example, welding, bonding or integrally forming a connection for connection. The "connection" or "connection" of the circuit structure can refer to not only physical connection, but also electrical connection or signal connection. For example, it can be directly connected, that is, physical connection, or it can be indirectly connected through at least one intermediate component. As long as the circuit is connected, it can also be the internal connection between the two components; in addition to the signal connection through the circuit, the signal connection can also refer to the signal connection through the media medium, such as radio waves. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood on a case-by-case basis.

In this application, battery cells may include lithium ion secondary battery cells, lithium ion primary battery cells, lithium sulfur battery cells, sodium lithium ion battery cells, sodium ion battery cells or magnesium ion battery cells, etc., The embodiments of the present application are not limited to this. The battery cell may be in the shape of a cylinder, a flat body, a rectangular parallelepiped or other shapes, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this. Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to packaging methods: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells and soft-pack battery cells, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.

The battery mentioned in the embodiments of this application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity. For example, the battery mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack. Batteries generally include a box for packaging one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign matter from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.

The battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte. The electrode assembly consists of a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate and a separator. Battery cells mainly rely on the movement of metal ions between the positive and negative electrodes to work. The positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer. The positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector. The positive electrode current collector that is not coated with the positive electrode active material layer protrudes from the positive electrode collector that is coated with the positive electrode active material layer. Fluid, the positive electrode current collector without the positive electrode active material layer is used as the positive electrode tab. Taking lithium-ion batteries as an example, the material of the positive electrode current collector can be aluminum, and the positive electrode active material can be lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganate, etc. The negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer. The negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector. The negative electrode current collector that is not coated with the negative electrode active material layer protrudes from the negative electrode collector that is coated with the negative electrode active material layer. Fluid, the negative electrode current collector that is not coated with the negative electrode active material layer serves as the negative electrode tab.

The material of the negative electrode current collector can be copper, and the negative electrode active material can be carbon or silicon. In order to ensure that large currents can pass through without melting, the number of positive electrode tabs is multiple and stacked together, and the number of negative electrode tabs is multiple and stacked together. The material of the isolation film can be PP (Polypropylene, polypropylene) or PE (Polyethylene, polyethylene), etc. In addition, the electrode assembly may have a rolled structure or a laminated structure, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

Although batteries containing multiple battery cells can provide sufficient energy for electrical equipment, their safety performance has not been satisfactorily resolved due to the use of high-energy chemicals and energy concentration. In addition, the service life of the battery is also a key factor affecting the cost of the battery.

For example, during the use of the battery, each battery cell may have a short circuit problem. When a short circuit occurs, the current on the circuit where the battery cell is located will increase instantaneously. If no intervention is performed, the chemical inside the battery cell will be damaged. Materials react at an accelerated rate under the action of large currents, producing a large amount of emissions, which can lead to thermal runaway of the battery cells and even fires, explosions and other accidents. At the same time, since different battery cells are connected in series or parallel through circuits, a short circuit of one battery cell will often affect other battery cells electrically connected to it, causing an increase in current and Problems such as thermal runaway and damage affect the service life of the entire battery and the safety performance of electrical equipment.

Although some battery cells in the prior art are equipped with a structure similar to a fuse, when the current passing through the battery cell increases, the structure automatically fuses, so that the circuit connected to the battery cell is disconnected. When the battery is powered on, the battery will not continue to be energized, thereby preventing the occurrence of thermal runaway to a certain extent, and preventing the short-circuited battery cells from causing damage to the remaining battery cells, protecting the battery and electrical equipment, and improving the efficiency of the battery and power consumption. Safety of use of equipment.

However, the battery cells with the above structure cannot continue to provide kinetic energy to the electrical equipment after the structure similar to the fuse is blown, causing the electrical equipment to shut down instantly. For example, the electric car may break down in the middle of the road. At this time, not only the traffic is affected , and may also cause a rear-end collision with the vehicle behind, causing a more serious accident.

In view of this, the present application intends to provide a battery cell that can adjust the resistance of the battery cell in time when the current of the circuit where the battery cell is located increases, so as to reduce the current and reduce the occurrence of battery and electrical equipment. The probability of over-current damage improves the use safety of batteries and battery cells. In addition, it can also maintain a certain electrical energy output of the battery cells, thereby providing a certain amount of power for electrical equipment to perform disposal actions on electrical equipment. .

The battery cells described in the embodiments of this application are suitable for batteries and electrical equipment using batteries.

Power-consuming devices can be vehicles, mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, ships, spacecraft, electric toys and power tools, etc. Vehicles can be fuel vehicles, gas vehicles or new energy vehicles, and new energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles or extended-range vehicles, etc.; spacecraft include aircraft, rockets, space shuttles, spaceships, etc.; electric toys include fixed Type or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys and electric airplane toys, etc.; electric tools include metal cutting electric tools, grinding electric tools, assembly electric tools and railway electric tools, for example, Electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, planers and more. The embodiments of this application impose no special restrictions on the above electrical equipment.

For convenience of explanation, the following embodiments take the electrical equipment as a vehicle as an example.

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 200 provided by some embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG. 1 , a battery 210 is provided inside the vehicle 200 , and the battery 210 may be provided at the bottom, head, or tail of the vehicle. The battery 210 may be used to power the vehicle 200 , for example, the battery 210 may serve as an operating power source for the vehicle.

The vehicle 200 may also include a controller 220 and a motor 230. The controller 220 is used to control the battery 210 to provide power to the motor 230, for example, for starting, navigation, and operating power requirements of the vehicle 200 while driving.

In some embodiments of the present application, the battery 210 can not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 200 , but can also be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 200 , replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 200 .

Figure 2 is an exploded schematic diagram of a battery provided by some embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG. 2 , the battery 210 includes a case 21 and a battery cell 22 (not shown in FIG. 2 ). The battery cell 22 is accommodated in the case 21 .

The box 21 is used to accommodate the battery cells 22, and the box 21 can be of various structures. In some embodiments, the box body 21 may include a first box body part 211 and a second box body part 212. The first box body part 211 and the second box body part 212 cover each other. The first box body part 211 and the second box body part 212 cover each other. The two box portions 212 jointly define an accommodation space for accommodating the battery cells 22 . The second box part 212 may be a hollow structure with one end open, and the first box part 211 may be a plate-like structure. The first box part 211 covers the open side of the second box part 212 to form a container with a receiving space. Box 21; the first box part 211 and the second box part 212 can also be hollow structures with one side open, and the open side of the first box part 211 is covered with the open side of the second box part 212, To form a box 21 with accommodating space. Of course, the first box part 211 and the second box part 212 can be in various shapes, such as cylinder, rectangular parallelepiped, etc.

In order to improve the sealing performance after the first box part 211 and the second box part 212 are connected, a sealing member may also be provided between the first box part 211 and the second box part 212, such as sealant, sealing ring, etc. .

In the battery 210, there may be one battery cell 22 or a plurality of battery cells 22. If there are multiple battery cells 22 , the multiple battery cells 22 can be connected in series, in parallel, or in mixed connection. Mixed connection means that the multiple battery cells 22 are both connected in series and in parallel. The plurality of battery cells 22 can be directly connected in series or in parallel or mixed together, and then the whole composed of the plurality of battery cells 22 can be accommodated in the box 21 ; of course, the plurality of battery cells 22 can also be connected in series first. The battery modules 300 are formed by parallel connection or mixed connection. The plurality of battery modules 300 are then connected in series, parallel or mixed connection to form a whole body, and are accommodated in the box 21 .

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the battery module 300 shown in FIG. 2 . In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 3 , there are multiple battery cells 22 , and the plurality of battery cells 22 are first connected in series, in parallel, or in mixed connection to form the battery module 300 . Multiple battery modules 300 are connected in series, parallel, or mixed to form a whole, and are accommodated in the box 21 .

The plurality of battery cells 22 in the battery module 300 can be electrically connected through a bus component to realize parallel, series or mixed connection of the plurality of battery cells 22 in the battery module 300 .

The bus component is a conductive component, which is in contact with or connected to the plurality of battery cells 22 to achieve parallel, series or mixed connection between the plurality of battery cells 22 .

FIG. 4 is an exploded schematic diagram of the battery cell 22 shown in FIG. 3 . As shown in FIG. 4 , the battery cell 22 includes an electrode assembly 221 and a casing. The casing has an accommodating cavity inside, and the electrode assembly 221 is accommodated in the accommodating cavity of the casing.

In the battery cell 22 , there may be one electrode assembly 221 accommodated in the casing, or there may be multiple electrode assemblies 221 . For example, in Figure 4, there are two electrode assemblies 221.

In some embodiments, electrolyte is also accommodated in the accommodation cavity of the housing.

The housing can be of various structural forms. In some embodiments, the housing includes a housing 222 and an end cover 223. The housing 222 is a hollow structure with one side open. The end cover 223 covers the opening of the housing 222 and forms a sealed connection to form a structure for accommodating electrodes. Component 221 and electrolyte containing chamber.

The housing 222 can be in various shapes, such as cylinder, cuboid, etc. The shape of the housing 222 can be determined according to the specific shape of the electrode assembly 221. For example, if the electrode assembly 221 has a cylindrical structure, a cylindrical shell can be used; if the electrode assembly 221 has a rectangular parallelepiped structure, a rectangular parallelepiped shell can be used. Of course, the end cap 223 can also have a variety of structures. For example, the end cap 223 can be a plate-shaped structure, a hollow structure with one end open, etc. For example, in FIG. 4 , the housing 222 has a rectangular parallelepiped structure, the end cover 223 has a plate-like structure, and the end cover 223 covers the opening at the top of the housing 222 .

In some embodiments, the battery cell 22 further includes two electrode terminals 224 installed on the end cover 223 . The two electrode terminals 224 are respectively used to be electrically connected to the positive electrode tab 226 through the connecting member 225 inside the battery cell 22 . and negative electrode tabs 227 to output the electric energy generated by the electrode assembly 221. At the same time, the two electrode terminals 224 are electrically connected to the electrode terminals 224 of other battery cells 22 outside the battery cell 22, so that the plurality of battery cells 22 electrical connection between them.

Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the end cap 223 in Figure 4, Figure 6 is an enlarged view of part A in Figure 5 in the first state, Figure 7 is an enlarged view of part A in Figure 5 in the second state, as shown in Figures 6 and As shown in Figure 7, the electrode terminal 224 includes a first section 2241, a second section 2242, a fuse section 2243 and a conductive section 2244, wherein the first section 2241 and the second section 2242 can be electrically connected through the fuse section 2243, At the same time, the first segment part 2241 and the second segment part 2242 may also be electrically connected through the conductive part 2244.

The melting point of the fuse part 2243 is lower than the melting point of the conductive part 2244. When the current passing through the electrode terminal 224 exceeds the threshold, the fuse part 2243 fuses, and the conductive part 2244 maintains the electrical connection between the first segment 2241 and the second segment 2242 and fuses. After the portion 2243 is fused, the current flowing through the electrode terminal 224 is lower than the threshold value.

The threshold value is defined as the upper limit of the current at which the electrical equipment can perform at least one action without causing the fuse part 2243 to melt. In addition, the electrode terminal 224 can also be set with a minimum value of the current that can be generated when the fuse part 2243 melts, so that The electrical equipment can at least perform any action under the power provided by the battery cell 22 . When the threshold value is exceeded, the current passing through the electrode terminal 224 can cause the fuse part 2243 to fuse within a certain period of time. For example, when the battery cell 22 outputs a current of 20A, the car can only perform navigation actions. As the current increases, the car More and more actions are performed, and the driving speed of the car can reach higher. When the current is within 100A, the battery 210 and the electrical equipment can remain safe no matter how long the electrical equipment is used, and the battery cell 22 becomes thermally runaway. The risk is small. When the current passing through the electrode terminal 224 is greater than or equal to 100A, the fuse part 2243 can be blown within 10 minutes, and 100A is defined as the threshold value of the current.

The first state shown in FIG. 6 is the state before the fuse part 2243 is blown, and the second state shown in FIG. 7 is the state after the fuse part 2243 is blown.

In the above technical solution, the fuse part 2243 and the conductive part 2244 can be used to electrically connect the first segment 2241 and the second segment 2242 respectively when the current passing through the electrode terminal 224 is less than the threshold to ensure that the battery cells 22 is normally connected to the circuit and provides sufficient power for the circuit; when the current through the battery cell 22 exceeds the threshold, each electrical connection component of the electrode terminal 224 will rapidly generate heat. When the heat is greater than the melting point of a certain component, the The component will melt and break. Since the melting point of the fuse part 2243 is lower than the melting point of the conductive part 2244, when the current passing through the electrode terminal 224 is greater than the threshold, the fuse part 2243 will be melted preferentially. After the fuse part 2243 is melted, the first section 2241 and the second section 2242 are only electrically connected through the conductive part 2244. At this time, under the connection of the conductive part 2244, the current passing through the electrode terminal 224 is reduced to less than the threshold, protecting the battery cell 22 and the circuit in which it is located. , reducing the probability of overcurrent damage to the battery cell 22 and the electrical equipment, and improving the safety of the battery cell 22 and the electrical equipment. In addition, after the fuse part 2243 is disconnected, the battery 210 can continue to output electric energy, so that the electrical equipment maintains a certain power, so as to facilitate the user to take actions on the electrical equipment, such as pulling over, etc., thereby facilitating the user's use and further improving the efficiency. The safety of the electrical equipment after the fuse part 2243 is blown.

The shapes of the first section 2241 and the second section 2242 can be set arbitrarily, and the cross-sectional shapes of the first section 2241 and the second section 2242 in the same direction can be the same or different. For example, in one embodiment , the first section 2241 and the second section 2242 are both cylindrical and arranged coaxially. There is a certain distance between the first section 2241 and the second section 2242 for arranging the fuse part 2243 and the conductive part 2244. For example, in the thickness direction of the end cap 223, the second section 2242 is closer to the electrode assembly 221 than the first section 2241.

In addition, the materials of the first segment 2241 and the second segment 2242 may be the same or different. For example, when the first segment 2241 is aluminum, the second segment 2242 may be aluminum, copper, aluminum alloy, Composite materials or other conductive metals are not limited in the embodiments of this application.

In some embodiments, the melting point of the fuse part 2243 is not only lower than the melting point of the conductive part 2244, but also the melting point of the fuse part 2243 is lower than the melting points of the first segment part 2241 and the second segment part 2242, so that the current passing through the electrode terminal 224 When the threshold value is exceeded, the fuse part 2243 fuses earlier than the first segment part 2241 and the second segment part 2242. Because when the current passing through the electrode terminal 224 exceeds the threshold, if the first segment 2241 and the second segment 2242 are fused, although the current of the battery cell 22 can be completely cut off to achieve the effect of protecting the circuit and the battery cell 22, However, the battery cell 22 cannot continue to provide power to the electrical equipment to use the electrical equipment to take action, which may cause problems such as the vehicle parked in a position that should not be parked, or the equipment in a dangerous state. By causing the fuse part 2243 to If the melting point is lower than the melting point of the first segment 2241 and the second segment 2242, when the current passing through the electrode terminal 224 exceeds the threshold, the fuse 2243 fuses instead of the first segment 2241 and the second segment 2242. At this time, The first segment 2241 and the second segment 2242 are electrically connected through the conductive portion 2244, so that the current passing through the electrode terminal 224 is small, and the battery cell 22 can still provide power for electrical equipment.

In some embodiments, the fuse part 2243 and the conductive part 2244 are both located between the first segment 2241 and the second segment 2242, and each of the fuse part 2243 and the conductive part 2244 has one end connected to the first segment 2241 and the other end. Connected to the second section 2242 to electrically connect the first section 2241 and the second section 2242 respectively. Among them, since the melting point of the fuse part 2243 is different from that of the first segment part 2241 and the second segment part 2242, the materials of the fuse part 2243 and the first segment part 2241 and the second segment part 2242 must be different, while the material of the conductive part 2244 is It can be set arbitrarily under the conditions that the melting point is higher than the melting point of the fuse part 2243 and the resistance of the conductive part 2244 is greater than the sum of the resistances of the conductive part 2244 and the fuse part 2243.

In some embodiments, the conductive portion 2244 is made of the same material as the first segment 2241 and/or the conductive portion 2244 is made of the same material as the second segment 2242 . That is, in the case where the materials of the first section 2241 and the second section 2242 are the same, the material of the conductive section 2244 can be the same as the materials of the first section 2241 and the second section 2242 at the same time. For example, the first section 2244 can be made of the same material. 2241 is made of aluminum, and when the second section 2242 is also made of aluminum, the conductive part 2244 is also made of aluminum. In the case where the materials of the first section 2241 and the second section 2242 are different, the material of the conductive section 2244 can be the same as the first section 2241 or the same as the second section 2242, for example, the material of the first section 2241 When the material is aluminum and the material of the second segment portion 2242 is copper, the material of the conductive portion 2244 may be copper or aluminum.

In some embodiments, when the conductive portion 2244 is made of the same material as the first segment 2241 and/or the conductive portion 2244 is made of the same material as the second segment 2242, the conductive portion 2244 may be the same as the first segment 2241 or the second segment 2242. One of the two-section portions 2242 is made of the same material as the conductive portion 2244 and is integrally formed, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost and making the structure of the electrode terminal 224 more stable.

Of course, in other embodiments, the conductive part 2244 may be made of different materials from the first segment 2241 and the second segment 2242. In this case, the conductive part 2244 may be directly supported on the first segment 2241 and the second segment 2242. Between the segments 2242, the first segment 2241 and the second segment 2242 are electrically connected by directly contacting the first segment 2241 and the second segment 2242, and may also be electrically connected to the first segment 2241 or the second segment 2242. Segments 2242 are bonded or welded to ensure the stability of the electrical connection.

By adopting the above solution, when the current passing through the electrode terminal 224 is less than the threshold, the fuse part 2243 and the conductive part 2244 are connected in parallel between the first section 2241 and the second section 2242, so that the first section 2241 and the second section The parts 2242 are electrically connected, so that the resistance of the electrode terminal 224 is small, so that the current passing through the electrode terminal 224 is larger, so that the electrical equipment has greater power; when the fuse part 2243 is blown, the first section 2241 and the first section 2241 The two sections 2242 are electrically connected only through the conductive part 2244. At this time, the resistance of the electrode terminal 224 is relatively large, and the current passing through the electrode terminal 224 is smaller than before the fuse part 2243 is melted. The battery cell 22 can be an electrical device. Provide smaller power to complete the disposal of electrical equipment in emergency situations.

After the fuse part 2243 is blown, it will lose its ability to support the first segment 2241 and the second segment 2242, causing the first segment 2241 to move closer to the second segment 2242, or the second segment 2242 to move closer to the second segment 2242. The direction of the first section 2241 is approaching, destroying the assembly structure of the electrode terminal 224. At the same time, the melted fuse section 2243 may also re-energize the first section 2241 and the second section 2242, causing the circuit to be in an unsafe state again. In high current environment. In order to solve the above problem, in some embodiments, the conductive part 2244 is configured to surround the fuse part 2243 and is used to support the first segment part 2241 or the second segment part 2242 after the fuse part 2243 is melted. After the fuse part 2243 is melted, the conductive part 2244 can be supported circumferentially between the first section 2241 and the second section 2242 to prevent the first section 2241 and the second section 2242 from approaching each other and prevent the circuit from being in another state again. In an unsafe high-current environment, the probability of damage to the battery cell 22 and the electrical equipment is reduced, and the use safety of the battery cell 22 and the electrical equipment is improved.

Figure 8 is a perspective view of the electrode terminal 224 in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the B-B plane in Figure 8. As shown in Figures 8 and 9, in some embodiments, the conductive portion 2244 includes There are a plurality of conductive pillars 23, and two adjacent conductive pillars 23 are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the fuse part 2243. The spacing distance between different conductive pillars 23 may be the same or different, and this embodiment does not limit this. The fuse part 2243 becomes soft after melting and has fluidity, and can flow out through the gap between the conductive pillars 23 and be disconnected from the first section 2241 or the second section 2242, thereby making the first section 2241 and the second section The parts 2242 are no longer electrically connected through the fuse part 2243. This arrangement ensures that the fuse part 2243 can be disconnected smoothly, thereby achieving the purpose of protecting the battery cell 22 and the electrical equipment.

Figure 10 is a perspective view of the electrode terminal 224 in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along the C-C plane in Figure 10. As shown in Figures 10 and 11, in some embodiments, the conductive portion 2244 includes A conductive ring 24 is provided around the fuse part 2243. The conductive ring 24 can support the entire circle between the first section 2241 and the second section 2242 after the fuse section 2243 is blown, to prevent the first section 2241 and the second section 2242 from approaching each other, and to prevent the first section 2241 and the second section 2242 from approaching each other. The support of the second section 2242 is more stable.

As shown in Figure 11, a separation space 25 is provided between the fuse portion 2243 and the conductive ring 24. When the fuse portion 2243 melts and becomes soft, it enters the separation space 25 and is disconnected from the first segment 2241 or the second segment 2242. , so that the first segment part 2241 and the second segment part 2242 are no longer electrically connected through the fuse part 2243.

As shown in Figure 12, in some embodiments, the fuse portion 2243 is configured to surround the conductive portion 2244. After the fuse portion 2243 is melted, it can flow around the conductive portion 2244 to communicate with the first segment 2241 or the second segment. The conductive part 2244 supports the first section 2241 and the second section 2242 in the middle, maintains the electrical connection between the first section 2241 and the second section 2242, and supports the first section 2241 and the second section 2242. Section 2242.

It should be noted that when the fuse part 2243 is arranged around the conductive part 2244, a receiving part may be provided on the conductive part 2244, or a receiving part may be provided on the first segment or the second segment, and the receiving part may be a groove or a hole. , so that the fuse portion 2243 melts and softens and then flows into the receiving portion, thereby disconnecting the electrical connection between the first segment 2241 and the second segment 2242.

To sum up, in the embodiment of the present application, the fuse part 2243 and the conductive part 2244 are respectively used to electrically connect the first section 2241 and the second section 2242 of the electrode terminal 224, and the melting point of the fuse part 2243 is lower than that of the conductive part. 2244 melting point, after the fuse part 2243 is melted, the first segment part 2241 and the second segment part 2242 are electrically connected through the conductive part 2244, and the current passing through the electrode terminal 224 is controlled to be less than or equal to the threshold through the conductive part 2244, ensuring that While ensuring the safety of the battery cell 22 and the electrical equipment, the electrical equipment can have a certain power to take disposal actions, further improving the safety of the electrical equipment.

The second aspect of the embodiment of the present application also provides a battery 210, which includes a plurality of battery cells 22 in the above embodiment. Each of the plurality of battery cells 22 can pass through a fuse when the current of the circuit in which it is located increases. 2243 is disconnected to protect the battery 210 and the electrical equipment from being damaged by overcurrent, and to provide a certain amount of power for the electrical equipment to perform disposal actions.

In some embodiments, among the plurality of battery cells 22 included in the battery 210, at least two battery cells 22 may be connected in series. When a short circuit occurs inside any of the battery cells 22 connected in series, the current of the battery cell 22 can be controlled in time through the fusing of the fuse 2243 to prevent it from affecting circuits other than the battery cell 22; when any battery When a circuit other than the battery cell 22 is short-circuited, by fusing the fuse portion 2243 of the battery cell 22, the current flowing through the battery cell 22 can be controlled in time to prevent damage to the battery cell 22. At the same time, the battery 210 can also be The circuit in which it is located is in a pass state to provide power to electrical equipment within a safe current range.

A third aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides an electrical device, including the battery 210 in the above embodiment.

By using the above-mentioned battery, the safety of the electrical equipment is high, and when the battery 210 of the electrical equipment is short-circuited, the current of the battery 210 can quickly reduce to the threshold or below the threshold, and provide the electrical equipment within this range. Power enables electrical equipment to take disposal actions, further improving the safety of electrical equipment.

Those skilled in the art will understand that, although some embodiments herein include certain features included in other embodiments, combinations of features from different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the application and form different embodiments. . For example, in the claims, any of the claimed embodiments may be used in any combination.

As mentioned above, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present application, but not to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still make the foregoing technical solutions. The technical solutions described in each embodiment may be modified, or some of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; however, these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions in each embodiment of the present application.

Claims (9)

1. A battery cell, characterized in that it includes: The shell is provided with an opening; An electrode assembly placed in the housing; An end cover, covering the opening, and the end cover is provided with electrode terminals; The electrode terminal includes a first segment and a second segment. The electrode terminal also includes a fuse part and a conductive part. The fuse part and the conductive part are respectively used to electrically connect the first segment and the first segment. Describe the second paragraph; Wherein, the melting point of the fuse part is lower than the melting point of the conductive part. When the current passing through the electrode terminal is greater than a threshold value, the fuse part fuses, and the conductive part maintains the first section and the second section. The electrical connection of the segment; the current passing through the electrode terminal after the fuse portion is melted is less than the threshold; The fuse part and the conductive part are both located between the first segment and the second segment, and each of the fuse part and the conductive part has one end connected to the first segment, and the other end is connected to the first segment. One end is connected to the second section to electrically connect the first section and the second section respectively; The melting point of the fuse portion is lower than the melting points of the first segment and the second segment. 2. The battery cell according to claim 1, wherein the conductive portion is configured to surround the fuse portion for supporting the first segment or the fuse portion after the fuse portion is melted. The second section. 3. The battery cell according to claim 2, wherein the conductive part includes a plurality of conductive posts, and two adjacent conductive posts are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the fuse part for the After the fuse part is melted, it is discharged from the gap between two adjacent conductive pillars. 4. The battery cell according to claim 2, wherein the conductive part includes a conductive ring disposed around the fuse part. 5. The battery cell according to claim 4, wherein a separation space is provided between the fuse part and the conductive ring, and at least part of the fuse part enters the separation space after being melted. 6. The battery cell according to claim 1, wherein the fuse portion is configured to surround the conductive portion. 7. The battery cell according to claim 1, wherein the conductive part is made of the same material as the first segment part and/or the conductive part is made of the same material as the second segment part. 8. A battery, characterized by comprising a plurality of battery cells according to any one of claims 1-7. 9. An electrical device, characterized by comprising the battery according to claim 8.