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CN1153850C - Method for preparing high-purity gold by extracting organic phase containing gold by electrolysis - Google Patents

Method for preparing high-purity gold by extracting organic phase containing gold by electrolysis Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1153850C
CN1153850C CNB011418990A CN01141899A CN1153850C CN 1153850 C CN1153850 C CN 1153850C CN B011418990 A CNB011418990 A CN B011418990A CN 01141899 A CN01141899 A CN 01141899A CN 1153850 C CN1153850 C CN 1153850C
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gold
organic phase
extraction
purity
electrolysis
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CN1342786A (en
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周维金
周勇
张天喜
李维红
陈景
高宏成
何永克
雷鸿毅
施鼐
吴瑾光
徐光宪
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Peking University
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Peking University
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

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  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种由电解含金萃取有机相制备高纯金的方法。具体地说，是电解含金萃取有机相和含电解质水溶液两相组成的电解液，以制备高纯度的金，并省去反萃取、还原等常用的沉积和提纯的步骤。本发明提高了所得金的品质和回收率，并降低了生产成本，为改进或简化氰化和萃取法提取金的工艺工业化提供了理论和实践基础。按照本发明所制备的金沉积率＞95%，所得金纯度＞95%，可大幅度地降低生产成本。可广泛应用于制备高纯金的技术领域。The invention relates to a method for preparing high-purity gold by extracting organic phase containing gold by electrolysis. Specifically, it is an electrolytic solution composed of an organic phase containing gold and an electrolyte-containing aqueous solution to prepare high-purity gold, and the commonly used deposition and purification steps such as stripping and reduction are omitted. The invention improves the quality and recovery rate of the obtained gold, reduces the production cost, and provides a theoretical and practical basis for improving or simplifying the process industrialization of gold extraction by cyanidation and extraction. The gold deposition rate prepared according to the invention is more than 95%, and the gold purity is more than 95%, which can greatly reduce the production cost. It can be widely used in the technical field of preparing high-purity gold.

Description

Method for preparing high-purity gold by electrolyzing extracted gold-containing organic phase
The technical field is as follows: the invention relates to a method for producing high-purity gold, in particular gold from electrolysis of gold (e.g. Au (CN))2 -) A method for preparing pure gold by using an organic phase.
Background art: the cyanidation method is still the main position in the process of extracting gold from gold ore, and the post-treatment of cyanidation leaching liquid mainly adoptsan activated carbon adsorption method (carbon pulp or carbon leaching method) and a zinc replacement method. For the activated carbon adsorption method, the activated carbon has poor selectivity and long process flow, and the regeneration of the activated carbon needs energy consumption. The gold cyanide mud obtained by the zinc replacement method has high impurity content and low gold quality, and usually needs refining processes such as acid treatment and the like.
The extraction method is a method commonly used in hydrometallurgy, has the advantages of high selectivity, rapidness, environmental protection and the like, and is widely applied to the production of transition metals, rare earth, uranium and the like. For the extraction of gold, there are patents reported, such as the extraction of gold from alkaline cyanide (CN 1186123), and the extraction rate is more than 96%, which is a very effective method for extracting goldA method. However, when quaternary ammonium salts are used as extractants, gold in the aqueous phase is extracted (e.g., Au (CN))- 2) Then, the following reaction takes place:
since R is in the resulting extraction complex4N+And Au (CN)- 2The combination is tight, the back extraction is difficult, although a plurality of back extraction agents can be used for the back extraction, the back extraction efficiency is lower, and the practical result can be achieved only by carrying out multi-stage back extraction; after the back extraction, Au (I) or Au (III) in the aqueous phase needs to be further reduced to gold elementary substance to be deposited. If zinc is used for reduction, the subsequent step of separating impurity zinc is also needed, the process flow is long, time and labor are wasted, and the energy consumption is large.
The invention content is as follows:
the purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide a method for directly electrodepositing gold in two phases formed by a gold-containing extraction organic phase and an electrolyte-containing aqueous phase, aiming at the actual defects of the prior art, which completes the back extraction, the reduction, the deposition and the purification of the gold in one step, has simple process, less time consumption and less reagent consumption, obtains the gold with high quality and high recovery rate, and avoids the complicated subsequent steps of refining the gold and the like.
The technical scheme is as follows:
the invention relates to a method for preparing high-purity gold by electrolyzing extracted gold-containing organic phase, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, an extraction organic phase is composed of an extracting agent, an extraction assisting agent and a solvent, and gold cyanide is extracted to obtain a gold-containing extraction organic phase;
wherein the extractant and the extraction aid are selected from: phosphoric acid esters, acidic phosphonic acid esters, amines, cationic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, alcohols, ethers or ketones or a mixture of two or three thereof; wherein the solvent is selected from C6The above liquid alkane or aromatic hydrocarbon or industrial solvent;
secondly, electrolyzing the electricity consisting of two phases of the gold-containing extraction organic phase and the electrolyte-containing aqueous solutionThe electrolyte solution has a cell voltage of 2.0-3.5V and a current density of 100-2；
The electrolyte in the above-mentioned electrolyte-containing aqueous solution is selected from: a soluble perchlorate, halide, nitrate, thiocyanate, soluble hydroxide or a mixture thereof, the aqueous solution having a pH of 8 to 14;
the anode material used in electrolysis is selected from: graphite, gold, platinum, titanium alloy, stainless steel, steel wire mesh, steel fiber cotton or carbon fiber;
the cathode material used in electrolysis is selected from: graphite, gold, platinum, titanium alloy, stainless steel, steel wire mesh, steel fiber cotton or carbon fiber.
The method for preparing high-purity gold by electrolyzing gold-containing extraction organic phase can be composed of 5-40% of methyl trialkyl ammonium chloride (N263), 5-50% of isooctanol and 10-90% of acid-washed kerosene by volume percentage; the water phase is 0.1-5.0mol/L electrolyte solution, and the electrolysis is carried out under constant current.
The method for preparing high-purity gold by electrolyzing gold-containing extraction organic phase can also comprise tetradecyl-dimethyl-benzyl ammonium chloride, tributyl phosphate and dodecane, wherein the mol ratio of the tetradecyl-dimethyl-benzyl ammonium chloride to aqueous phase gold is (0.5-10) to 1, and the volume percentage content of the tributyl phosphate is 5-40%; the water phase is 0.1-5.0mol/L electrolyte solution, and the electrolysis is carried out under constant current.
The invention relates to a method for preparing high-purity gold by electrolyzing gold-containing extraction organic phase, wherein the extraction organic phase can also consist of hexadecyl-trimethyl ammonium bromide, tributyl phosphate and dodecane, the molar ratio of the hexadecyl-trimethyl ammonium bromide to the aqueous phase gold is 0.5-10: 1, and the volume percentage of the tributyl phosphate is 5-40%; the water phase is 0.1-5.0mol/L electrolyte solution, and the electrolysis is carried out under constant current.
The principle and the positive effects of the invention are as follows:
the principle of the invention is as follows: the gold in the organic phase is back-extracted to the water phase by utilizing the water phase with certain back-extraction capacity, so that the electrolytic reaction can occur, the gold concentration in the water phase after electrolysis is reduced, the reaction is balanced and moved, the gold concentration in the organic phase is gradually reduced, and finally the electrolysis is complete. Solves the problem of difficult back extraction in the process of extracting and recovering gold by using a cationic surfactant.
The invention has high extraction selectivity and gold enrichment; electrolyte is added into the water phase, and electrolysis is carried out under the condition of coexistence of two phases, so that the quality and the recovery rate of the obtained gold are improved, the cost for producing the gold is integrally reduced, and theoretical and practical bases are provided for industrialization of a process for extracting the gold by an extraction method.
The invention has the following characteristics and excellent effects:
1. the method overcomes the problems in the prior method for obtaining gold, obtains a high-purity product, and is simple, convenient and quick;
2. the method solves the problem of difficult back extraction by an electrolysis method by utilizing the advantages of high selectivity and good effect of an extracting agent, obtains high-purity gold at one time with high efficiency, and omits the subsequent step of a conventional extraction method required when only the extraction method is used for extracting the gold.
The specific implementation scheme is as follows:
the invention makes a specific implementation scheme for the gold-containing extraction organic phase with the gold-containing concentration of 1ppm-100 g/L; in order to illustrate the present invention more clearly, the following examples are given without any limitation to the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Taking 10mL of extracted organic phase methyl trialkyl ammonium chloride (N263), isooctanol and acid-washed kerosene, wherein the volume ratio of the extracted organic phase methyl trialkyl ammonium chloride (N263) to the acid-washed kerosene is as follows: 10: 20: 70, containing 100ppm gold; 10mL of water phase, which is 1.0mol/L potassium chloride (KCl) solution; the anode adopts a platinum electrode, and the cathode is a stainless steel plate; constant current, electrolyzing for a certain time, washing the cathode, and obtaining gold with the surface of the cathode golden yellow, wherein the deposition rate is more than 95 percent.
Example 2
Taking 10mL of extracted organic phase tetradecyl-dimethyl-benzyl ammonium chloride, tributyl phosphate and dodecane, wherein the molar ratio of the tetradecyl-dimethyl-benzyl ammonium chloride to aqueous phase gold is 0.5: 1, and the volume percentage content of the tributyl phosphate is 15%, wherein the volume percentage content of the tributyl phosphate contains 1g/L of gold; aqueous phase10mL of NaClO solution containing 1.0mol/L4Water solution, wherein the cathode and the anode adopt stainless steel plates; constant current, electrolyzing for a certain time, washing the cathode, and obtaining gold with the surface golden yellow, wherein the deposition rate is more than 95 percent.
Example 3
Taking 10mL of cetyl-trimethyl ammonium bromide, tributyl phosphate anddodecane in an extracted organic phase, wherein the molar ratio of the cetyl-trimethyl ammonium bromide to aqueous phase gold is 0.5: 1, and the volume percentage of the tributyl phosphate is 20%, wherein the volume percentage of the tributyl phosphate contains 0.5g/L of gold; 10mL of aqueous phase, 2.0mol/L of NaClO4A solution; the anode adopts a platinum electrode, and the cathode is a stainless steel plate; constant current, electrolyzing for a certain time, washing the cathode, and obtaining gold with the surface of the cathode golden yellow, wherein the deposition rate is more than 95 percent.

Claims (4)

1.一种由电解含金萃取有机相制备高纯金的方法，其步骤包括：1. A method for preparing high-purity gold by electrolytic gold-containing extraction organic phase, the steps comprising: 1)由萃取剂、助萃剂和溶剂组成萃取有机相，萃取氰化金得到含金萃取有机相；1) An extraction organic phase is composed of an extraction agent, an extraction aid and a solvent, and gold cyanide is extracted to obtain an extraction organic phase containing gold; 其中的萃取剂和助萃剂选自：磷酸酯类、酸性膦酸酯类、胺类、醇类或者它们中的两种或三种的混合物；其中的溶剂选自C6以上的液体烷烃或酸洗煤油；Wherein the extraction agent and the auxiliary extraction agent are selected from: phosphoric acid esters, acidic phosphonate esters, amines, alcohols or a mixture of two or three of them; wherein the solvent is selected from C 6 or more liquid alkane or pickling kerosene; 2)电解由含金萃取有机相和含电解质的水溶液两相组成的电解液，槽电压为2.0-3.5V，电流密度为100-200A/m2；2) Electrolyzing the electrolytic solution composed of gold-containing extracted organic phase and electrolyte-containing aqueous solution, the cell voltage is 2.0-3.5V, and the current density is 100-200A/m 2 ; 上述的含电解质的水溶液中的电解质选自：可溶性高氯酸盐、卤化物或它们的混合物，该水溶液的pH＝8-14；The electrolyte in the above electrolyte-containing aqueous solution is selected from: soluble perchlorates, halides or mixtures thereof, and the pH of the aqueous solution is 8-14; 电解时所用的阳极材料选自：石墨、金、铂、钛合金、不锈钢、钢丝网、钢纤维棉或碳纤维；The anode material used in electrolysis is selected from: graphite, gold, platinum, titanium alloy, stainless steel, steel wire mesh, steel fiber wool or carbon fiber; 电解时所用的阴极材料选自：石墨、金、铂、钛合金、不锈钢、钢丝网、钢纤维棉或碳纤维。The cathode material used in electrolysis is selected from: graphite, gold, platinum, titanium alloy, stainless steel, steel wire mesh, steel fiber wool or carbon fiber. 2.按照权利要求1所述的由电解含金萃取有机相制备高纯金的方法，其特征在于所述萃取有机相由氯化甲基三烷基铵、异辛醇和酸洗煤油组成，它们的体积百分含量氯化甲基三烷基铵为5-40％、异辛醇为5-50％、酸洗煤油为10-90％；水相为0.1-5.0mol/L电解质溶液，恒电流电解。2. according to the method for preparing high-purity gold by electrolytic gold-containing extraction organic phase according to claim 1, it is characterized in that said extraction organic phase is made up of methyltrialkylammonium chloride, isooctyl alcohol and pickling kerosene, and their volume The percentage content of methyl trialkyl ammonium chloride is 5-40%, iso-octanol is 5-50%, pickling kerosene is 10-90%; the water phase is 0.1-5.0mol/L electrolyte solution, constant current electrolysis . 3.按照权利要求1所述的由电解含金萃取有机相制备高纯金的方法，其特征在于所述萃取有机相由十四烷基-二甲基-苄基氯化铵、磷酸三丁酯和十二烷组成，它们的用量为十四烷基-二甲基-苄基氯化铵与水相金摩尔比为0.5-10∶1，磷酸三丁酯体积百分含量为5-40％；水相为0.1-5.0mol/L电解质溶液，恒电流电解。3. according to the method for preparing high-purity gold by electrolytic gold-containing extraction organic phase according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described extraction organic phase is made of tetradecyl-dimethyl-benzyl ammonium chloride, tributyl phosphate and Composed of dodecane, their consumption is tetradecyl-dimethyl-benzyl ammonium chloride and aqueous phase gold molar ratio is 0.5-10:1, tributyl phosphate volume percentage is 5-40%; The water phase is a 0.1-5.0mol/L electrolyte solution, which is electrolyzed with a constant current. 4.按照权利要求1所述的由电解含金萃取有机相制备高纯金的方法，其特征在于所述萃取有机相由十六烷基-三甲基溴化铵、磷酸三丁酯和十二烷组成，十六烷基-三甲基溴化铵与水相金摩尔比为0.5-10∶1，磷酸三丁酯体积百分含量5-40％；水相为0.1-5.0mol/L电解质溶液，恒电流电解。4. according to the method for preparing high-purity gold by electrolytic gold-containing extraction organic phase according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described extraction organic phase is made of hexadecyl-trimethylammonium bromide, tributyl phosphate and dodecane Composition, the molar ratio of hexadecyl-trimethylammonium bromide to aqueous phase gold is 0.5-10:1, the volume percentage of tributyl phosphate is 5-40%; the aqueous phase is 0.1-5.0mol/L electrolyte solution , constant current electrolysis.
CNB011418990A 2001-09-19 2001-09-19 Method for preparing high-purity gold by extracting organic phase containing gold by electrolysis Expired - Fee Related CN1153850C (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105350017A (en) * 2015-11-30 2016-02-24 长春黄金研究院 Method increasing rate of filtration of desorbed and electrolyzed gold mud

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110724973A (en) * 2019-11-19 2020-01-24 安徽焦冲矿业有限公司 Efficient environment-friendly high-purity gold preparation method
CN114349143B (en) * 2021-12-23 2023-04-14 扬州大学 A kind of composite condensed phase system and its preparation method and application
CN114941076B (en) * 2022-06-28 2023-06-02 中国矿业大学 Method for extracting and recovering gold from aqueous solution
US20230416871A1 (en) * 2022-06-28 2023-12-28 China University Of Mining And Technology Method for Extracting and Recovering Gold from Aqueous Solution

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105350017A (en) * 2015-11-30 2016-02-24 长春黄金研究院 Method increasing rate of filtration of desorbed and electrolyzed gold mud
CN105350017B (en) * 2015-11-30 2017-05-03 长春黄金研究院 Method increasing rate of filtration of desorbed and electrolyzed gold mud

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