CN115348436B - Stereoscopic image display device capable of reducing grid feeling - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种立体图像显示装置,尤其涉及一种可降低格栅感的立体图像显示装置。The invention relates to a stereoscopic image display device, in particular to a stereoscopic image display device capable of reducing the grid feeling.
背景技术Background technique
在现有立体图像显示装置中,由于光场系统的透镜的中心强度高于透镜的边缘强度,因此人眼观看立体图像时,会感受到明暗对比的格栅感G(如图1所示)。In the existing stereoscopic image display device, since the central intensity of the lens of the light field system is higher than the edge intensity of the lens, when the human eye watches the stereoscopic image, it will feel the grid feeling G of light and dark contrast (as shown in Figure 1) .
综上所述,本发明人有感上述缺陷可改善,乃特潜心研究并配合学理的应用,终于提出一种设计合理且有效改善上述缺陷的本发明。To sum up, the inventor feels that the above-mentioned defects can be improved, Naite devoted himself to research and combined with the application of theories, and finally proposed an invention with reasonable design and effective improvement of the above-mentioned defects.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于,针对现有技术的不足提供一种可降低格栅感的立体图像显示装置。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a stereoscopic image display device capable of reducing the sense of grids in view of the deficiencies of the prior art.
为了解决上述的技术问题,本发明所采用的其中一技术方案是,提供一种可降低格栅感的立体图像显示装置,其包括:一平面显示单元,其具有一显示面,并且所述显示面经配置显示一集成式图像(integral image);一光源单元,其设置于所述平面显示单元的一侧,并且所述光源单元经配置提供一光源来穿透所述平面显示单元,以提供所述显示面显示所述集成式图像所需要的光线;以及一透镜阵列单元,其设置于所述平面显示单元的另外一侧;其中,所述光源单元提供的所述光源在穿透所述平面显示单元后、能接着穿透所述透镜阵列单元,以使得所述集成式图像的光线能重新汇聚成一立体图像(stereoimage);其中,所述光源单元所提供的所述光源满足以下光学特性:所述光源在进入透镜阵列单元前的一辉度的衰减幅度,在所述立体图像显示装置的一光场系统的一发散角内,是不大于65%,从而降低所述立体图像的格栅感(grid effect)。In order to solve the above technical problems, one of the technical solutions adopted by the present invention is to provide a stereoscopic image display device that can reduce the grid feeling, which includes: a flat display unit, which has a display surface, and the display The surface is configured to display an integrated image (integral image); a light source unit is arranged on one side of the flat display unit, and the light source unit is configured to provide a light source to penetrate the flat display unit to provide The display surface displays the light required for the integrated image; and a lens array unit, which is arranged on the other side of the flat display unit; wherein, the light source provided by the light source unit penetrates the After the plane display unit, it can then pass through the lens array unit, so that the light rays of the integrated image can recombine into a stereo image (stereoimage); wherein, the light source provided by the light source unit satisfies the following optical characteristics : the attenuation range of a luminance of the light source before entering the lens array unit is not more than 65% within a divergence angle of a light field system of the stereoscopic image display device, thereby reducing the lattice of the stereoscopic image Grid effect.
优选地,所述光场系统的所述发散角(divergent angle)是由以下公式所定义:Preferably, the divergent angle of the light field system is defined by the following formula:
sin-1(n_Lens*sin(90-alpha-belta))sin -1 (n_Lens*sin(90-alpha-belta))
其中,alpha=tan-1((R-Lensseq)/(P/2));Among them, alpha = tan -1 ((R-Lens seq )/(P/2));
其中, in,
其中, in,
其中, in,
其中,n_Lens为透镜阵列单元中的透镜折射率;R为透镜阵列单元中的透镜曲率半径;P为透镜阵列单元中两个相邻透镜间的间距;L为平面显示单元的长度;W为平面显示单元的宽度;WD为光场系统的工作距离(即,人眼到显示面板的垂直距离);并且VA为观赏者的观看角度。Wherein, n_Lens is the lens refractive index in the lens array unit; R is the lens curvature radius in the lens array unit; P is the distance between two adjacent lenses in the lens array unit; L is the length of the plane display unit; W is the plane The width of the display unit; WD is the working distance of the light field system (ie, the vertical distance from the human eye to the display panel); and VA is the viewer's viewing angle.
其中,alpha为光线自透镜阵列单元的透镜边缘出射后的角度;belta为光线自透镜阵列单元的透镜边缘出射前的角度;Lensseq为透镜阵列单元的透镜凸面高度;并且R_slope为用户的眼睛至平面显示单元角落的斜率。Wherein, alpha is the angle after the light exits from the lens edge of the lens array unit; belta is the angle before the light exits from the lens edge of the lens array unit; Lens seq is the lens convex height of the lens array unit; and R_slope is the user's eye to The plane shows the slope of the cell corners.
优选地,所述光源单元所提供的所述光源进入所述透镜阵列单元前的所述辉度衰减幅度,在所述立体图像显示装置的所述光场系统的所述发散角内,不大于50%。Preferably, the luminance attenuation amplitude of the light source provided by the light source unit before entering the lens array unit is not greater than within the divergence angle of the light field system of the stereoscopic image display device 50%.
优选地,所述光场系统的所述发散角与所述观赏者的所述观看角度的绝对值呈现为正相关。Preferably, the divergence angle of the light field system is positively correlated with the absolute value of the viewing angle of the viewer.
优选地,所述光场系统的所述发散角与所述平面显示单元的所述长度及所述宽度皆呈现为正相关。Preferably, the divergence angle of the light field system is positively correlated with the length and the width of the flat display unit.
优选地,所述光源单元为具有发散光学特性的一背光单元(backlight unit),并且所述背光单元所提供的所述光源在穿透所述平面显示单元后,仍满足所述光学特性。Preferably, the light source unit is a backlight unit with divergent optical characteristics, and the light source provided by the backlight unit still satisfies the optical characteristics after penetrating through the flat display unit.
优选地,所述立体图像显示装置进一步包括:设置于所述显示面与所述透镜阵列单元间的一电介质镀膜层(dielectric film),并且所述光源在穿透所述电介质镀膜层之后的发光均匀性,被调整以满足所述光学特性。Preferably, the stereoscopic image display device further includes: a dielectric coating layer (dielectric film) disposed between the display surface and the lens array unit, and the light source emits light after penetrating the dielectric coating layer Uniformity, adjusted to meet the optical characteristics.
优选地,在所述光场系统的所述发散角内,所述电介质镀膜层对于所述光源的一第一入射角具有一第一透光率,并且所述电介质镀膜层对于所述光源的一第二入射角具有一第二透光率;其中,若所述第一入射角的绝对值小于所述第二入射角的绝对值,则所述第一透光率小于所述第二透光率。Preferably, within the divergence angle of the light field system, the dielectric coating layer has a first light transmittance for a first incident angle of the light source, and the dielectric coating layer has a first light transmittance for the light source A second incident angle has a second light transmittance; wherein, if the absolute value of the first incident angle is smaller than the absolute value of the second incident angle, the first light transmittance is less than the second transmittance light rate.
优选地,所述光源单元为具有发散光学特性的一背光单元;并且,所述立体图像显示装置进一步包括:设置于所述平面显示单元的所述显示面与所述透镜阵列单元之间的一电介质镀膜层,以使得所述光源单元所提供的所述光源满足所述光学特性。Preferably, the light source unit is a backlight unit with divergent optical characteristics; and, the stereoscopic image display device further includes: a lens array unit disposed between the display surface of the plane display unit and the lens array unit A dielectric coating layer, so that the light source provided by the light source unit satisfies the optical characteristics.
优选地,所述光源单元进一步限定为一有机发光显示器(Organic LightEmitting Diode Display)的一自发光光源,并且所述平面显示单元的所述显示面进一步限定为所述有机发光显示器的显示像素。Preferably, the light source unit is further defined as a self-luminous light source of an organic light emitting display (Organic Light Emitting Diode Display), and the display surface of the flat display unit is further defined as display pixels of the organic light emitting display.
本发明的有益效果在于,本发明所提供的立体图像显示装置,其能通过“所述光源单元所提供的所述光源满足以下光学特性:所述光源进入所述透镜阵列单元前的一辉度的衰减幅度,在所述立体图像显示装置的一光场系统的一发散角内,是不大于65%”的技术方案,从而有效改善立体图像显示装置显示的立体图像的格栅感,并且有效提升立体图像的显示质量。The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the stereoscopic image display device provided by the present invention can satisfy the following optical characteristics through "the light source provided by the light source unit: a luminance of the light source before entering the lens array unit The attenuation range is not more than 65% within a divergence angle of a light field system of the stereoscopic image display device, so as to effectively improve the grid feeling of the stereoscopic image displayed by the stereoscopic image display device, and effectively Improve the display quality of stereoscopic images.
为使能更进一步了解本发明的特征及技术内容,请参阅以下有关本发明的详细说明与附图,然而所提供的附图仅用于提供参考与说明,并非用来对本发明加以限制。In order to further understand the features and technical contents of the present invention, please refer to the following detailed description and drawings related to the present invention. However, the provided drawings are only for reference and description, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为公知的具有格栅感的立体图像的示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a known stereoscopic image with a sense of grid.
图2为本发明实施例立体图像显示装置的立体示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a stereoscopic image display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图3为本发明实施例立体图像显示装置的侧视示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of a stereoscopic image display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图4为本发明实施例立体图像显示装置的光场系统示意图。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a light field system of a stereoscopic image display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图5为图4的局部放大图。FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 4 .
图6为本发明另一实施例立体图像显示装置包含有电介质镀膜层的侧视示意图。6 is a schematic side view of a stereoscopic image display device including a dielectric coating layer according to another embodiment of the present invention.
图7为本发明实施例光源的光线波形示意图。Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the light waveform of the light source according to the embodiment of the present invention.
图8为本发明实施例电介质镀膜层的光学特性示意图。FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of optical characteristics of a dielectric coating layer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图9为本发明实施例光源单元进一步限定为有机发光显示器的自行发光光源的示意图。FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a light source unit further defined as a self-emitting light source of an organic light emitting display according to an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下是通过特定的具体实施例来说明本发明所公开的实施方式,本领域技术人员可由本说明书所公开的内容了解本发明的优点与效果。本发明可通过其他不同的具体实施例加以施行或应用,本说明书中的各项细节也可基于不同观点与应用,在不悖离本发明的构思下进行各种修改与变更。另外,本发明的附图仅为简单示意说明,并非依实际尺寸的描绘,事先声明。以下的实施方式将进一步详细说明本发明的相关技术内容,但所公开的内容并非用以限制本发明的保护范围。The following is an illustration of the disclosed embodiments of the present invention through specific specific examples, and those skilled in the art can understand the advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various modifications and changes can be made to the details in this specification based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the concept of the present invention. In addition, the drawings of the present invention are only for simple illustration, and are not drawn according to the actual size, which is stated in advance. The following embodiments will further describe the relevant technical content of the present invention in detail, but the disclosed content is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
应当可以理解的是,虽然本文中可能会使用到“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等术语来描述各种组件或者信号,但这些组件或者信号不应受这些术语的限制。这些术语主要是用以区分一组件与另一组件,或者一信号与另一信号。另外,本文中所使用的术语“或”,应视实际情况可能包括相关联的列出项目中的任一个或者多个的组合。It should be understood that although terms such as "first", "second", and "third" may be used herein to describe various components or signals, these components or signals should not be limited by these terms. These terms are primarily used to distinguish one component from another component, or one signal from another signal. In addition, the term "or" used herein may include any one or a combination of more of the associated listed items depending on the actual situation.
[立体图像显示装置][Stereoscopic image display device]
请参阅图2及图3所示,本发明实施例提供一种立体图像显示装置100(stereoscopic image display device)。所述立体图像显示装置100可以应用于光电、医疗、军事、展示、显示器、教育、娱乐及消费型电子等应用领域。所述立体图像显示装置100可以例如是一主动式漂浮立体图像显示装置,其能在立体图像显示装置100上方的空间显示一立体图像(stereo image)。再者,所述立体图像显示装置100在使用时可以例如是设置于桌面、地面或天花板等任意合适的设置位置上。Referring to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , an embodiment of the present invention provides a stereoscopic image display device 100 (stereoscopic image display device). The stereoscopic image display device 100 can be applied in optoelectronic, medical, military, display, display, education, entertainment, consumer electronics and other application fields. The stereoscopic image display device 100 can be, for example, an active floating stereoscopic image display device, which can display a stereoscopic image (stereo image) in the space above the stereoscopic image display device 100 . Furthermore, the stereoscopic image display device 100 may be installed on any suitable installation position such as a desktop, a floor, or a ceiling when in use.
更具体而言,本发明实施例的目的在于提供一种可降低格栅感(grid effect)的立体图像显示装置100,以使得立体图像显示装置100在运作时所产生的一立体图像(stereo image)具有良好的图像质量。More specifically, the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a stereoscopic image display device 100 that can reduce the grid effect, so that a stereo image (stereo image) generated by the stereoscopic image display device 100 during operation ) with good image quality.
为了实现上述目的,本发明实施例所提供的立体图像显示装置100包含:一平面显示单元1(flat panel display unit)、一透镜阵列单元2(lens array unit)及一光源单元3(light source unit)。In order to achieve the above object, the stereoscopic image display device 100 provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: a flat panel display unit 1 (flat panel display unit), a lens array unit 2 (lens array unit) and a light source unit 3 (light source unit ).
所述平面显示单元1具有一显示面11(也称为显示像素),并且所述显示面11经配置显示一集成式图像(integral image),以用来提供所述立体图像显示装置100产生所述立体图像所需要的图像来源。The flat display unit 1 has a display surface 11 (also referred to as a display pixel), and the display surface 11 is configured to display an integrated image (integral image) for providing the stereoscopic image display device 100 to generate the The image source required for the stereoscopic image.
所述光源单元3是设置于平面显示单元1的一侧。更具体而言,所述光源单元3是设置于平面显示单元1的相反于(或远离于)显示面11的一侧,并且所述光源单元3经配置提供一光源31,以使得所述光源31能穿透所述平面显示单元1,从而提供所述显示面11显示所述集成式图像所需要的光线。The light source unit 3 is disposed on one side of the plane display unit 1 . More specifically, the light source unit 3 is arranged on the side of the flat display unit 1 opposite to (or away from) the display surface 11, and the light source unit 3 is configured to provide a light source 31, so that the light source 31 can penetrate the plane display unit 1 , so as to provide the light required by the display surface 11 to display the integrated image.
所述透镜阵列单元2是设置于平面显示单元1的另外一侧。更具体而言,所述透镜阵列单元2是设置于平面显示单元1的相同于(或邻近于)显示面11的一侧、且与所述平面显示单元1呈间隔设置,但本发明不受限于此。The lens array unit 2 is disposed on the other side of the plane display unit 1 . More specifically, the lens array unit 2 is arranged on the side of the flat display unit 1 that is the same as (or adjacent to) the display surface 11, and is spaced apart from the flat display unit 1, but the present invention is not limited by limited to this.
在本发明的一实施例中,所述立体图像显示装置100进一步包括设置于所述透镜阵列单元2与平面显示单元1之间的一间隔单元4(spacer unit),以使得所述透镜阵列单元2与平面显示单元1通过间隔单元4、而呈间隔设置,但本发明不受限于此。In an embodiment of the present invention, the stereoscopic image display device 100 further includes a spacer unit 4 (spacer unit) disposed between the lens array unit 2 and the flat display unit 1, so that the lens array unit 2 and the plane display unit 1 are spaced apart by the spacer unit 4, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
当所述立体图像显示装置100运作时,所述平面显示单元1的显示面11经配置接收所述光源单元3所提供的光源31、而产生所述集成式图像(integral image),并且所述光源31能接着穿透透镜阵列单元2(如图4),以使得所述集成式图像的光线重新汇聚成一立体图像(stereo image)。When the stereoscopic image display device 100 is in operation, the display surface 11 of the flat display unit 1 is configured to receive the light source 31 provided by the light source unit 3 to generate the integrated image (integral image), and the The light source 31 can then pass through the lens array unit 2 (as shown in FIG. 4 ), so that the light rays of the integrated image are recombined into a stereo image.
进一步地说,所述平面显示单元1是用来显示集成式摄影(integralphotography)技术的图案,并且所述平面显示单元1进一步包含有用来执行算法的演算组件(图未示出)。再者,所述平面显示单元1的显示面11所显示的集成式图像,是通过将一平面图像进行演算及重新绘制所产生的,但本发明不受限于此。Furthermore, the plane display unit 1 is used to display patterns of integrated photography (integralphotography), and the plane display unit 1 further includes a calculation component (not shown) for executing an algorithm. Furthermore, the integrated image displayed on the display surface 11 of the flat display unit 1 is generated by calculating and redrawing a flat image, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
在本发明的一些实施方式中,所述平面显示单元1的显示面11可以例如是一主动式平面显示器(active flat panel display)的显示像素。举例而言,所述平面显示单元1的显示面11可以例如是智能型手机的显示像素、平板计算机的显示像素或平面屏幕的显示像素。对于所述平面显示单元1的类型及构造,本发明并不予以限制。所述平面显示单元1的特点在于可以控制立体图像的切换,以达到动态画面显示的效果。In some embodiments of the present invention, the display surface 11 of the flat panel display unit 1 may be, for example, display pixels of an active flat panel display. For example, the display surface 11 of the flat display unit 1 can be, for example, display pixels of a smart phone, a display pixel of a tablet computer or a display pixel of a flat screen. The present invention is not limited to the type and structure of the flat panel display unit 1 . The feature of the plane display unit 1 is that it can control the switching of stereoscopic images, so as to achieve the effect of dynamic image display.
在本发明的一些实施方式中,所述平面显示单元1的显示面11也可以例如是一被动式平面显示器(passive flat panel display)的平面图案,其仅能显示静态的图案,且不能随意更动图像画面。举例而言,所述平面显示单元1可以例如是灯箱绘图装置、光掩膜刻图装置、印刷绘图装置等仅能显示静态图案的装置。In some embodiments of the present invention, the display surface 11 of the flat display unit 1 can also be, for example, a flat pattern of a passive flat panel display, which can only display static patterns and cannot be changed arbitrarily. image screen. For example, the plane display unit 1 may be a device that can only display static patterns, such as a light box drawing device, a photomask drawing device, a printing drawing device, and the like.
进一步地说,所述透镜阵列单元2具有调控光场的能力(ability of controllinglight field)。所述透镜阵列单元2包含有多个聚光透镜21,并且多个所述聚光透镜21经配置调控立体图像的光线角度,进而提供用户观看立体图像的不同角度。借此,该用户对立体图像能感受深度的立体视觉。Further, the lens array unit 2 has the ability of controlling light field. The lens array unit 2 includes a plurality of condensing lenses 21 , and the plurality of condensing lenses 21 are configured to adjust the light angle of the stereoscopic image, thereby providing users with different angles for viewing the stereoscopic image. In this way, the user can feel the stereoscopic vision of the depth of the stereoscopic image.
在本发明的一些实施方式中,每个所述聚光透镜21是由光学特性良好的材料所制成。举例而言,所述聚光透镜21的材料是选自由玻璃(glass)、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(poly(methyl methacrylate),PMMA)、聚碳酸酯(polycarbonate,PC)及聚乙烯(polyethylene,PE),所组成的材料群组的至少其中之一,但本发明不受限于此。所述聚光透镜21的材料只要能具有适合用来形成透镜的光穿透率及软硬程度,即符合本发明的保护精神,而属于本发明的保护范围。In some embodiments of the present invention, each of the condenser lenses 21 is made of a material with good optical properties. For example, the material of the condensing lens 21 is selected from glass (glass), polymethyl methacrylate (poly (methyl methacrylate), PMMA), polycarbonate (polycarbonate, PC) and polyethylene (polyethylene, PE), at least one of the material groups formed, but the present invention is not limited thereto. As long as the material of the condensing lens 21 has a light transmittance and a degree of softness and hardness suitable for forming a lens, it complies with the protection spirit of the present invention and belongs to the protection scope of the present invention.
在本发明的一些实施方式中,每个所述聚光透镜21的透镜种类可以例如是双凸透镜、平凸透镜或菲涅尔透镜等具有聚光能力(或称聚焦能力)的透镜。In some embodiments of the present invention, the lens type of each of the condenser lenses 21 may be, for example, a biconvex lens, a plano-convex lens, or a Fresnel lens with light-gathering ability (or focusing ability).
在本发明的一些实施方式中,多个所述聚光透镜21是设置于平面显示单元1的显示面11的一侧。再者,多个所述聚光透镜21呈矩阵状排列、交错状排列或无规则排列,本发明并不予以限制。In some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of the condenser lenses 21 are arranged on one side of the display surface 11 of the flat display unit 1 . Furthermore, the multiple condensing lenses 21 are arranged in matrix, staggered or random, which is not limited in the present invention.
进一步地说,所述间隔单元4为设置于平面显示单元1与透镜阵列单元2之间的单个透光层(lght-transmissive layer)或彼此堆栈的多个透光层。所述间隔单元4能用来间隔及支撑平面显示单元1与透镜阵列单元2,并且所述间隔单元4能用来提供光线穿透于其中。Further, the spacer unit 4 is a single light-transmissive layer disposed between the flat display unit 1 and the lens array unit 2 or a plurality of light-transmissive layers stacked on each other. The spacer unit 4 can be used to space and support the flat panel display unit 1 and the lens array unit 2 , and the spacer unit 4 can be used to provide light passing therethrough.
值得一提的是,上述透光层可以例如是具有固态介质(如:OCA胶或玻璃)的透光层,但本发明不受限于此。所述透光层也可以例如是具有气态介质(如:空气或其它气体)的透光层,或者,所述透光层也可以例如是具有液态介质的透光层,本发明并不予以限制。It is worth mentioning that the above-mentioned light-transmitting layer may be, for example, a light-transmitting layer with a solid medium (such as OCA glue or glass), but the present invention is not limited thereto. The light-transmitting layer can also be, for example, a light-transmitting layer with a gaseous medium (such as: air or other gases), or, the light-transmitting layer can also be, for example, a light-transmitting layer with a liquid medium, and the present invention is not limited thereto. .
为了使得所述立体图像显示装置100能用来降低立体图像的格栅感(grideffect),本发明实施例光源单元3提供的光源31满足以下光学特性:所述光源31在进入透镜阵列单元2前的一辉度的衰减幅度(attenuation amplitude of brightness),在所述立体图像显示装置100的一光场系统(light field system)的一发散角(divergent angle)内,不大于一预定范围,从而降低所述立体图像的格栅感。In order to enable the stereoscopic image display device 100 to reduce the grid effect of the stereoscopic image, the light source 31 provided by the light source unit 3 in the embodiment of the present invention satisfies the following optical characteristics: before the light source 31 enters the lens array unit 2 An attenuation amplitude of brightness of , within a divergent angle of a light field system (light field system) of the stereoscopic image display device 100, is not greater than a predetermined range, thereby reducing The grid sense of the stereoscopic image.
更具体地说,请一并参阅图2至图5所示,所述光场系统中的发散角(divergentangle,DA)是由以下公式所定义:More specifically, please refer to FIG. 2 to FIG. 5 together, the divergent angle (divergent angle, DA) in the light field system is defined by the following formula:
sin-1(n_Lens*sin(90-alpha-belta))sin -1 (n_Lens*sin(90-alpha-belta))
其中,alpha=tan-1((R-Lensseq)/(P/2))。where alpha=tan −1 ((R-Lens seq )/(P/2)).
其中, in,
其中, in,
其中, in,
其中,n_Lens为透镜阵列单元中的透镜折射率(refractive index);R为透镜阵列单元中的透镜曲率半径(radius of curvature);P为透镜阵列单元中两个相邻透镜间的间距(pitch);L为平面显示单元的长度(length);W为平面显示单元的宽度(width);WD为光场系统的工作距离(working distance);并且VA为观赏者的观看角度(viewing angle)。也就是说,所述发散角为透镜参数、平面显示单元的尺寸参数及观赏者的观看角度的函数,但本发明不受限于此。Wherein, n_Lens is the lens refractive index (refractive index) in the lens array unit; R is the lens curvature radius (radius of curvature) in the lens array unit; P is the pitch (pitch) between two adjacent lenses in the lens array unit L is the length (length) of the flat display unit; W is the width (width) of the flat display unit; WD is the working distance of the light field system; and VA is the viewer's viewing angle (viewing angle). That is to say, the divergence angle is a function of the lens parameters, the size parameters of the flat display unit and the viewing angle of the viewer, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
在上述公式中,alpha为光线自透镜阵列单元的透镜边缘出射后的角度;belta为光线自透镜阵列单元的透镜边缘出射前的角度;Lensseq为透镜凸面高度;并且R_slope为用户的眼睛至平面显示单元的角落的斜率。In the above formula, alpha is the angle after the light exits from the lens edge of the lens array unit; belta is the angle before the light exits from the lens edge of the lens array unit; Lens seq is the lens convex height; and R_slope is the user's eye to plane Displays the slope of the corners of the cells.
在本发明的一优选实施方式中,所述光源31在进入透镜阵列单元2前的辉度的衰减幅度,在所述立体图像显示装置100的所述光场系统的所述发散角内,是不大于65%。在本发明的一特优选实施方式中,所述光源31在进入透镜阵列单元2前的辉度的衰减幅度,在所述立体图像显示装置100的所述光场系统的所述发散角内,是不大于50%。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the attenuation range of the luminance of the light source 31 before entering the lens array unit 2, within the divergence angle of the light field system of the stereoscopic image display device 100, is Not more than 65%. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the attenuation range of the luminance of the light source 31 before entering the lens array unit 2, within the divergence angle of the light field system of the stereoscopic image display device 100, is not more than 50%.
在本发明的一些实施方式中,所述光场系统的发散角优选是介于45度至90度之间、且特优选是介于60度至90度之间。举例而言,所述光场系统的发散角为45度、50度、55度、60度、65度、70度、75度、80度、85度或90度,其是依据透镜阵列单元的透镜参数、平面显示单元的尺寸参数及观赏者的观看角度的不同而有所变化。In some embodiments of the present invention, the divergence angle of the light field system is preferably between 45 degrees and 90 degrees, and particularly preferably between 60 degrees and 90 degrees. For example, the divergence angle of the light field system is 45 degrees, 50 degrees, 55 degrees, 60 degrees, 65 degrees, 70 degrees, 75 degrees, 80 degrees, 85 degrees or 90 degrees, which is based on the lens array unit The lens parameters, the size parameters of the flat display unit and the viewing angle of the viewer vary.
根据上述配置,本发明实施例的立体图像显示装置100能通过特殊的光源设计使得光源通过透镜中心的光线强度与光源通过透镜边缘的光线强度变得较为平滑。也就是说,上述光源31的光线波形(如图7所示的光线波形311~313)具有完美的光源发散特性或较宽的半高全宽(full width at half maximum,FWHM)。借此,本发明实施例的立体图像显示装置100能用来显示具有低格栅感或实质上无格栅感的立体图像。According to the above configuration, the stereoscopic image display device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention can make the light intensity of the light source passing through the center of the lens and the light intensity of the light source passing through the edge of the lens become smoother through a special light source design. That is to say, the light waveforms of the light source 31 (light waveforms 311 - 313 shown in FIG. 7 ) have perfect light source divergence characteristics or wide full width at half maximum (FWHM). Thereby, the stereoscopic image display device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention can be used to display stereoscopic images with low grid feeling or substantially no grid feeling.
必须说明的是,本文中所提及的“辉度的衰减幅度(attenuation amplitude ofbrightness)”可以由以下方式所定义:所述光源31在发散角内的一最大辉度定义为一第一辉度(如:光源在0度下的辉度)。所述光源31在发散角内的一最小辉度定义为一第二辉度(如:光源在发散角下的辉度),其中,所述辉度的衰减幅度为第一辉度减去第二辉度的差值,再除以第一辉度所得的值,其单位由%表示。也就是说,所述辉度的衰减幅度是由最大辉度衰减至最小辉度的幅度所定义。It must be noted that the "attenuation amplitude of brightness" mentioned herein can be defined in the following manner: a maximum brightness of the light source 31 within the divergence angle is defined as a first brightness (For example: the luminance of the light source at 0 degrees). A minimum luminance of the light source 31 within the divergence angle is defined as a second luminance (such as: the luminance of the light source at the divergence angle), wherein the attenuation range of the luminance is the first luminance minus the second luminance. The value obtained by dividing the difference between the two luminances by the first luminance, and its unit is represented by %. That is to say, the attenuation range of the luminance is defined by the attenuation range from the maximum luminance to the minimum luminance.
如图7所示,对于上述光源31的光线波形311~314的描述如下。需说明的是,图7显示为立体图像显示装置的光场系统经计算具有65度发散角的情况,并且以下描述具有四种不同光线波形311~314的光源31对于具有65度发散角的光场系统,于显示立体图像效果(如:格栅感)上的影响。As shown in FIG. 7 , the light waveforms 311 - 314 of the light source 31 are described as follows. It should be noted that FIG. 7 shows the case where the light field system of the stereoscopic image display device is calculated to have a divergence angle of 65 degrees, and the light source 31 with four different light waveforms 311-314 will be described below for light with a divergence angle of 65 degrees. The influence of the field system on the display of stereoscopic image effects (such as: grid sense).
第一光线波形311对应于本发明实施例中具有90度的完美发散光源,具有第一光线波形311的光源在90度内的辉度衰减幅度趋近于零(也即,衰减幅度不大于50%)。也就是说,具有第一光线波形311的光源在发散角65度内的辉度衰减幅度趋近于零。具有第一光线波形311的发散光源能使立体图像显示装置显示具有实质上无格栅感的立体图像。The first light waveform 311 corresponds to a perfect divergent light source with 90 degrees in the embodiment of the present invention, and the luminance attenuation range of the light source with the first light waveform 311 approaches zero within 90 degrees (that is, the attenuation range is not greater than 50 degrees. %). That is to say, the luminance attenuation range of the light source with the first light waveform 311 approaches zero within a divergence angle of 65 degrees. The divergent light source with the first light waveform 311 enables the stereoscopic image display device to display a stereoscopic image with substantially no grid feeling.
第二光线波形312对应于本发明实施例中具有65度的完美发散光源,具有第二光线波形312的光源在65度发散角内的辉度衰减幅度趋近于零(也即,衰减幅度不大于50%),但是在65度的发散角外的辉度衰减幅度则明显地下降(也即,衰减幅度至少大于90%)。具有第二光线波形312的发散光源能使立体图像显示装置显示具有实质上无格栅感的立体图像。再者,对于发散角65度的光场系统而言,具有第二光线波形312的发散光源所产生的立体图像质量相同于具有第一光线波形311的发散光源所产生的立体图像质量。The second light waveform 312 corresponds to a perfect divergent light source with 65 degrees in the embodiment of the present invention, and the luminance attenuation range of the light source with the second light waveform 312 approaches zero within a divergence angle of 65 degrees (that is, the attenuation range does not greater than 50%), but the luminance attenuation range drops significantly outside the divergence angle of 65 degrees (that is, the attenuation range is at least greater than 90%). The diverging light source with the second light waveform 312 enables the stereoscopic image display device to display a stereoscopic image with substantially no grid feeling. Moreover, for the light field system with a divergence angle of 65 degrees, the stereoscopic image quality produced by the divergent light source with the second light waveform 312 is the same as that produced by the divergent light source with the first light waveform 311 .
第三光线波形313对应于本发明实施例中在65度的发散角以内辉度大于50%的发散光源(也即,衰减幅度不大于50%),该光源的光线波形具有较宽的半高全宽(也即,光线波形呈现为半圆形或半椭圆形)。具有第三光线波形313的发散光源能使立体图像显示装置显示仅具有轻微格栅感的立体图像,并且人眼不易察觉该立体图像的格栅感。The third light waveform 313 corresponds to a divergent light source whose luminance is greater than 50% within a divergence angle of 65 degrees in the embodiment of the present invention (that is, the attenuation range is not greater than 50%), and the light waveform of this light source has a wider full width at half maximum (ie, the light waveform appears as a semicircle or a semiellipse). The divergent light source with the third light waveform 313 can enable the stereoscopic image display device to display a stereoscopic image with only a slight grid feeling, and the human eyes cannot perceive the grid feeling of the stereoscopic image.
第四光线波形314对应于公知技术中在65度的发散角内辉度不大于50%的发散光源(也即,衰减幅度大于50%)。该光源的光线波形具有较窄的半高全宽。在65度的发散角内辉度不大于50%的发散光源将使立体图像显示装置显示的立体图像具有明暗对比的格栅感(如图1所示)。The fourth light waveform 314 corresponds to a divergent light source whose luminance is not greater than 50% within a divergence angle of 65 degrees in the known technology (that is, the attenuation rate is greater than 50%). The light waveform of this light source has a narrow full width at half maximum. A divergent light source whose luminance is not greater than 50% within a divergence angle of 65 degrees will make the stereoscopic image displayed by the stereoscopic image display device have a grid sense of light and dark contrast (as shown in FIG. 1 ).
整体而言,具有上述第一光线波形311的光源及第二光线波形312的光源、皆能使立体图像显示装置显示具有实质上无格栅感的立体图像。再者,具有上述第三光线波形313的光源能使立体图像显示装置显示仅具有轻微格栅感的立体图像。Overall, the light source having the above-mentioned first light waveform 311 and the light source with the second light waveform 312 can enable the stereoscopic image display device to display a stereoscopic image with substantially no grid feeling. Furthermore, the light source having the above-mentioned third light waveform 313 can enable the stereoscopic image display device to display a stereoscopic image with only a slight grid feeling.
在本发明的一些实施方式中,所述光场系统中的发散角(divergent angle,DA)与观看角度(viewing angle,VA)的绝对值呈现为正相关。也就是说,若所述观看角度的绝对值越大,则所述发散角也越大。In some embodiments of the present invention, the absolute value of the divergent angle (divergent angle, DA) in the light field system and the viewing angle (viewing angle, VA) presents a positive correlation. That is to say, if the absolute value of the viewing angle is larger, the divergence angle is also larger.
举例而言,以不同的观看角度对应于不同的发散角为例子做说明。在平面显示单元为5.5英寸且工作距离(working distance)为150厘米的光场系中,若观看角度为30度至40度,则发散角大致介于65度至70度之间;若观看角度为10度至20度,则发散角大致介于40度至45度之间。For example, it will be described by taking different viewing angles corresponding to different divergence angles as an example. In a light field system with a flat display unit of 5.5 inches and a working distance of 150 centimeters, if the viewing angle is 30 degrees to 40 degrees, the divergence angle is roughly between 65 degrees and 70 degrees; 10° to 20°, the divergence angle is roughly between 40° and 45°.
在本发明的一些实施方式中,所述光场系统中的发散角与平面显示单元1的长度L及宽度W皆呈现为正相关。也就是说,若所述平面显示单元的尺寸越大,则所述发散角也越大。In some embodiments of the present invention, the divergence angle in the light field system is positively correlated with the length L and the width W of the flat panel display unit 1 . That is to say, if the size of the flat display unit is larger, the divergence angle is also larger.
举例而言,以不同的平面显示单元尺寸对应于不同的发散角为例子做说明。在观看角度为30度至40度且工作距离(working distance)为150厘米的光场系中,若平面显示单元为5.5英寸,则发散角大致介于65度至70度之间;若平面显示单元为2.89英寸,则发散角大致介于52.5度至57.5度之间。For example, it will be described by taking different dimensions of the flat display unit corresponding to different divergence angles as an example. In a light field system with a viewing angle of 30° to 40° and a working distance of 150 cm, if the flat display unit is 5.5 inches, the divergence angle is roughly between 65° and 70°; The unit is 2.89 inches, and the divergence angle is roughly between 52.5 degrees and 57.5 degrees.
在本发明的一些实施方式中,所述光源单元3为具有发散光学特性的一背光单元(backlight unit),并且所述背光单元所提供的光源在穿透平面显示单元1后,仍满足所述光学特性。也就是说,所述背光单元所提供的光源在穿透平面显示单元1后、且在进入所述透镜阵列单元2前的辉度的衰减幅度,在所述立体图像显示装置100的光场系统中的发散角内,优选是不大于65%(特优选不大于50%)。举例而言,所述具有发散光学特性的背光单元可以例如是图7中具有光线波形311至313的发散光源。借此,所述光源单元3所提供的光源31能改善立体图像的格栅感。In some embodiments of the present invention, the light source unit 3 is a backlight unit with divergent optical characteristics, and the light source provided by the backlight unit still satisfies the requirements after penetrating the flat display unit 1. optical properties. That is to say, the attenuation of the luminance of the light source provided by the backlight unit after penetrating the flat display unit 1 and before entering the lens array unit 2, in the light field system of the stereoscopic image display device 100 In the divergence angle, it is preferably not more than 65% (especially preferably not more than 50%). For example, the backlight unit with divergent optical characteristics may be, for example, the divergent light sources with light waveforms 311 to 313 in FIG. 7 . In this way, the light source 31 provided by the light source unit 3 can improve the grid feeling of the stereoscopic image.
在本发明的一些实施方式中,如图9所示,所述光源单元进一步限定为一有机发光显示器(Organic Light Emitting Diode Display,OD)的一自发光光源,并且所述平面显示单元的所述显示面进一步限定为所述有机发光显示器的一显示像素。也就是说,所述光源单元与平面显示单元为同一个装置上的构件、且被所述有机发光显示器OD定义。In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 9 , the light source unit is further defined as a self-illuminating light source of an Organic Light Emitting Diode Display (OD), and the flat display unit The display surface is further defined as a display pixel of the organic light emitting display. That is to say, the light source unit and the plane display unit are components on the same device and are defined by the organic light emitting display OD.
在本发明的一些实施方式中,如图6所示,所述的立体图像显示装置100’进一步包括:设置于所述平面显示单元的显示面11与透镜阵列单元2的聚光透镜21之间的一电介质镀膜层5(dielectric film)。In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 6 , the stereoscopic image display device 100 ′ further includes: disposed between the display surface 11 of the plane display unit and the condenser lens 21 of the lens array unit 2 A dielectric coating layer 5 (dielectric film).
所述光源31在穿透电介质镀膜层5之后的发光均匀性,能被调整以满足所述光学特性。其中,所述电介质镀膜层5可以设置在间隔单元4的任何位置上(如:间隔单元4的上侧、下侧或内侧),本发明并不予以限制。The light emitting uniformity of the light source 31 after penetrating the dielectric coating layer 5 can be adjusted to meet the optical characteristics. Wherein, the dielectric coating layer 5 can be disposed on any position of the spacer unit 4 (such as: the upper side, the lower side or the inner side of the spacer unit 4 ), which is not limited by the present invention.
在所述光场系统的发散角内,所述电介质镀膜层5对于所述光源31的一第一入射角具有一第一透光率,并且所述电介质镀膜层5对于所述光源的一第二入射角具有一第二透光率。如图8所示,所述电介质镀膜层5具有以下光学特性:若所述第一入射角(如:-10度至10度)的绝对值小于所述第二入射角的绝对值(如:-10度至-20度或10度至20度),则所述第一透光率(如:30%至35%)小于所述第二透光率(如:35-50%),但本发明不受限于此。Within the divergence angle of the light field system, the dielectric coating layer 5 has a first light transmittance for a first incident angle of the light source 31, and the dielectric coating layer 5 has a first light transmittance for a first incident angle of the light source. The two incident angles have a second transmittance. As shown in Figure 8, the dielectric coating layer 5 has the following optical properties: if the absolute value of the first incident angle (such as: -10 degrees to 10 degrees) is smaller than the absolute value of the second incident angle (such as: -10 degrees to -20 degrees or 10 degrees to 20 degrees), then the first light transmittance (such as: 30% to 35%) is less than the second light transmittance (such as: 35-50%), but The present invention is not limited thereto.
在本发明的一些实施方式中,所述的立体图像显示装置100可以例如是同时采用上述的具有发散光学特性的背光单元及电介质镀膜层5。In some embodiments of the present invention, the stereoscopic image display device 100 may, for example, use the above-mentioned backlight unit with divergent optical properties and the dielectric coating layer 5 at the same time.
更具体而言,所述立体图像显示装置同时包含:具有发散光学特性的背光单元以及设置于所述平面显示单元1的显示面11与所述透镜阵列单元2的聚光透镜21之间的电介质镀膜层5,以使得所述光源单元3所提供的光源31能通过上述背光单元及电介质镀膜层5满足所述光学特性。More specifically, the stereoscopic image display device also includes: a backlight unit with divergent optical properties and a dielectric disposed between the display surface 11 of the flat display unit 1 and the condensing lens 21 of the lens array unit 2 The coating layer 5, so that the light source 31 provided by the light source unit 3 can meet the optical characteristics through the above-mentioned backlight unit and the dielectric coating layer 5.
[实施例的有益效果][Advantageous Effects of Embodiment]
本发明的其中一有益效果在于,本发明所提供的立体图像显示装置,其能通过“所述光源单元所提供的所述光源满足以下光学特性:所述光源的一辉度的衰减幅度,在所述立体图像显示装置的一光场系统的一发散角内,是不大于65%”的技术方案,从而有效改善立体图像显示装置显示的立体图像的格栅感,并且有效提升立体图像的显示质量。One of the beneficial effects of the present invention is that the stereoscopic image display device provided by the present invention can satisfy the following optical characteristics through "the light source provided by the light source unit: the attenuation range of a luminance of the light source is In a divergence angle of a light field system of the stereoscopic image display device, the technical solution is not more than 65%", thereby effectively improving the grid feeling of the stereoscopic image displayed by the stereoscopic image display device, and effectively improving the display of the stereoscopic image quality.
以上所公开的内容仅为本发明的优选可行实施例,并非因此局限本发明的权利要求,所以凡是运用本发明说明书及附图内容所做的等效技术变化,均包含于本发明的权利要求内。The content disclosed above is only a preferred feasible embodiment of the present invention, and does not therefore limit the claims of the present invention, so all equivalent technical changes made by using the description of the present invention and the contents of the accompanying drawings are included in the claims of the present invention Inside.
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