CN115287703A - Method for electroplating zinc electrodeposition anode plate without passing through electroplating film - Google Patents
Method for electroplating zinc electrodeposition anode plate without passing through electroplating film Download PDFInfo
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- CN115287703A CN115287703A CN202210922360.1A CN202210922360A CN115287703A CN 115287703 A CN115287703 A CN 115287703A CN 202210922360 A CN202210922360 A CN 202210922360A CN 115287703 A CN115287703 A CN 115287703A
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- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005363 electrowinning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- IPCXNCATNBAPKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Zn] IPCXNCATNBAPKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C1/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions
- C25C1/16—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions of zinc, cadmium or mercury
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
- C25C7/06—Operating or servicing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种锌电积阳极板不通电镀膜方法，属于锌冶炼技术领域，包括以下步骤：将酸性废液和水通入镀膜槽中，加热后，加入高锰酸钾，将阳极板放入镀膜槽中浸泡镀膜。本发明无需通电即可完成阳极板镀膜，不再产出无法回电解循环系统高铅废液，不再产出无法入炉的高铅锌片，避免电能浪费，且控制条件简单、便于操作、镀膜速度快，可以快速投用于生产。The invention discloses a method for non-passage electroplating of a zinc electrodeposited anode plate, which belongs to the technical field of zinc smelting. Put it into the coating tank to soak the coating. The invention can complete the anode plate coating without electricity, no longer produce high-lead waste liquid that cannot be returned to the electrolysis circulation system, no longer produce high-lead-zinc flakes that cannot be put into the furnace, avoid waste of electric energy, and has simple control conditions, easy operation, The coating speed is fast and can be quickly put into production.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于锌冶炼技术领域，更具体的说是涉及一种锌电积阳极板不通电镀膜方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of zinc smelting, and more specifically relates to a non-conductive electroplating method for a zinc electrodeposition anode plate.
背景技术Background technique
阳极板传统镀膜方式需要进行通电电积，期间产出的废液含铅高，无法返回循环系统，镀膜期间的锌片物理化学质量差，无法入炉生产高品质锌锭，造成电能的浪费，且镀膜效率差，需要7-12d时间完成镀膜。The traditional coating method of the anode plate needs to be energized and electrowinning. The waste liquid produced during this period contains high lead and cannot be returned to the circulation system. The physical and chemical quality of the zinc flakes during the coating period is poor, and it cannot be put into the furnace to produce high-quality zinc ingots, resulting in waste of electric energy. Moreover, the coating efficiency is poor, and it takes 7-12 days to complete the coating.
因此，研发一种适用于锌冶炼领域锌电积工序，可替代传统新阳极板镀膜方式，实现阳极板高效镀膜，减少高铅废液、锌片的产出的方法是本领域技术人员亟需解决的技术问题。Therefore, it is an urgent need for those skilled in the art to develop a method suitable for the zinc electrowinning process in the field of zinc smelting, which can replace the traditional new anode plate coating method, realize high-efficiency coating of the anode plate, and reduce the output of high-lead waste liquid and zinc flakes. Solved technical problems.
发明内容Contents of the invention
有鉴于此，本发明提供了一种锌电积阳极板不通电镀膜方法。In view of this, the present invention provides a method for non-conductive electroplating of zinc electrodeposited anode plates.
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
一种锌电积阳极板不通电镀膜方法，包括以下步骤：A method for non-conductive coating of a zinc electrodeposited anode plate, comprising the following steps:
将酸性废液和水通入镀膜槽中，加热后，加入高锰酸钾，将阳极板放入镀膜槽中浸泡镀膜。Pass the acid waste liquid and water into the coating tank, after heating, add potassium permanganate, put the anode plate into the coating tank to soak the coating.
本发明的有益效果：本发明无需通电即可完成阳极板镀膜，不再产出无法回电解循环系统高铅废液，不再产出无法入炉的高铅锌片，避免电能浪费，且控制条件简单、便于操作、镀膜速度快，可以快速投用于生产。Beneficial effects of the present invention: the present invention can complete the anode plate coating without electrification, no longer produce high-lead waste liquid that cannot be returned to the electrolytic circulation system, no longer produce high-lead-zinc flakes that cannot be put into the furnace, avoid waste of electric energy, and control The conditions are simple, easy to operate, and the coating speed is fast, so it can be put into production quickly.
进一步，上述酸性废液和水的混合物中氢离子浓度为30-60g/L。Further, the concentration of hydrogen ions in the mixture of the above acid waste liquid and water is 30-60 g/L.
采用上述进一步技术方案的有益效果：提供适当的氢离子浓度，促进氧锰键断裂，提高高锰酸钾的氧化性。The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution: providing an appropriate concentration of hydrogen ions, promoting the breaking of oxygen-manganese bonds, and improving the oxidizing property of potassium permanganate.
进一步，上述酸性废液为硫酸锌溶液在直流电的作用下，使溶液中的Zn2+在阴极沉积后产出的废电解液，酸性废液包括硫酸、硫酸锌和水。Further, the above-mentioned acidic waste liquid is a waste electrolytic solution produced by zinc sulfate solution under the action of direct current to deposit Zn 2+ in the solution at the cathode, and the acidic waste liquid includes sulfuric acid, zinc sulfate and water.
采用上述进一步技术方案的有益效果：该酸性废液可在生产中轻易获得，无需重新采购或制备酸性溶液。The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution: the acidic waste liquid can be easily obtained in production without repurchasing or preparing acidic solution.
进一步，上述加热至60-90℃。Further, the above heating is carried out to 60-90°C.
采用上述进一步技术方案的有益效果：保证适当溶液温度，可明显提升反应速率。The beneficial effect of adopting the above further technical solution is that the reaction rate can be obviously improved by ensuring an appropriate solution temperature.
进一步，上述酸性废液、水、高锰酸钾的混合物中高锰酸钾的浓度为10-30g/L。Further, the concentration of potassium permanganate in the mixture of the above acidic waste liquid, water and potassium permanganate is 10-30g/L.
采用上述进一步技术方案的有益效果：利用高锰酸钾的强氧化性快速在阳极板表面形成保护膜，高锰酸钾在30g/L时基本达到利用极限，浓度过高则造成成本浪费，浓度过低镀膜效率差。The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical scheme: utilize the strong oxidation of potassium permanganate to quickly form a protective film on the surface of the anode plate, and the potassium permanganate basically reaches the utilization limit at 30g/L, and the excessively high concentration will cause cost waste. Too low coating efficiency is poor.
进一步，上述镀膜时间为16-24h。Further, the above coating time is 16-24h.
进一步，上述镀膜时间为阳极板表面形成致密红棕色保护膜即可。Further, the above-mentioned coating time is enough to form a dense reddish-brown protective film on the surface of the anode plate.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
实施例1Example 1
锌电积阳极板不通电镀膜方法，包括以下步骤：The zinc electrodeposition anode plate non-conductive coating method comprises the following steps:
将酸性废液和水通入镀膜槽中，酸性废液为硫酸锌溶液在直流电的作用下，使溶液中的Zn2+在阴极沉积后产出的废电解液，酸性废液包括硫酸、硫酸锌和水，酸性废液和水的混合物中氢离子浓度为40g/L，加热至75℃后，加入高锰酸钾，酸性废液、水、高锰酸钾的混合物中高锰酸钾的浓度为15g/L，将阳极板放入镀膜槽中浸泡镀膜，镀膜时间为16h，阳极板表面形成致密红棕色保护膜。Pass the acidic waste liquid and water into the coating tank. The acidic waste liquid is zinc sulfate solution under the action of direct current, so that the Zn 2+ in the solution is deposited on the cathode and the waste electrolyte is produced. The acidic waste liquid includes sulfuric acid, sulfuric acid The hydrogen ion concentration in the mixture of zinc and water, acid waste liquid and water is 40g/L, after heating to 75°C, add potassium permanganate, the concentration of potassium permanganate in the mixture of acid waste liquid, water and potassium permanganate 15g/L, put the anode plate into the coating tank to soak the coating, the coating time is 16h, and a dense reddish-brown protective film is formed on the surface of the anode plate.
实施例2Example 2
锌电积阳极板不通电镀膜方法，包括以下步骤：The zinc electrodeposition anode plate non-conductive coating method comprises the following steps:
将酸性废液和水通入镀膜槽中，酸性废液为硫酸锌溶液在直流电的作用下，使溶液中的Zn2+在阴极沉积后产出的废电解液，酸性废液包括硫酸、硫酸锌和水酸性废液和水的混合物中氢离子浓度为60g/L，加热至90℃后，加入高锰酸钾，酸性废液、水、高锰酸钾的混合物中高锰酸钾的浓度为30g/L，将阳极板放入镀膜槽中浸泡镀膜，镀膜时间为24h，阳极板表面形成致密红棕色保护膜。Pass the acidic waste liquid and water into the coating tank. The acidic waste liquid is zinc sulfate solution under the action of direct current, so that the Zn 2+ in the solution is deposited on the cathode and the waste electrolyte is produced. The acidic waste liquid includes sulfuric acid, sulfuric acid The concentration of hydrogen ions in the mixture of zinc and water acid waste liquid and water is 60g/L. After heating to 90°C, potassium permanganate is added, and the concentration of potassium permanganate in the mixture of acid waste liquid, water and potassium permanganate is 30g/L, put the anode plate into the coating tank to soak the coating, the coating time is 24h, and a dense reddish-brown protective film is formed on the surface of the anode plate.
实施例3Example 3
锌电积阳极板不通电镀膜方法，包括以下步骤：The zinc electrodeposition anode plate non-conductive coating method comprises the following steps:
将酸性废液和水通入镀膜槽中，酸性废液为硫酸锌溶液在直流电的作用下，使溶液中的Zn2+在阴极沉积后产出的废电解液，酸性废液包括硫酸、硫酸锌和水酸性废液和水的混合物中氢离子浓度为42g/L，加热至78℃后，加入高锰酸钾，酸性废液、水、高锰酸钾的混合物中高锰酸钾的浓度为20g/L，将阳极板放入镀膜槽中浸泡镀膜，镀膜时间为24h，阳极板表面形成致密红棕色保护膜。Pass the acidic waste liquid and water into the coating tank. The acidic waste liquid is zinc sulfate solution under the action of direct current, so that the Zn 2+ in the solution is deposited on the cathode and the waste electrolyte is produced. The acidic waste liquid includes sulfuric acid, sulfuric acid The hydrogen ion concentration in the mixture of zinc and water acid waste liquid and water is 42g/L. After heating to 78°C, potassium permanganate is added, and the concentration of potassium permanganate in the mixture of acid waste liquid, water and potassium permanganate is 20g/L, put the anode plate into the coating tank to soak the coating, the coating time is 24h, and a dense reddish-brown protective film is formed on the surface of the anode plate.
效果实验Effect experiment
呼伦贝尔驰宏矿业有限公司由于2022年系统含氯持续高位(1599.57mg/L)，对阳极板造成了极大的腐蚀，槽内阳极板亟待更换的数量达到3000余块，需要快速大量投入新阳极板，由于传统阳极板通电镀膜的限制，即新阳极板传统镀膜方式需要进行通电电积，其操作流程与正常的锌电积无异，但由于新投入的阳极板起初发生的反应是Pb氧化成Pb2+，而不是氧的析出反应，故前期产出的锌片含铅、废液含铅都会十分高，需要将新阳极板集中投入到一个电解槽中，将该槽产出的电解废液直接打至废液缸，易造成循环体积不足、锌片质量差等问题，且镀膜效率差，3.2m2的阳极板在450A/m2的电流密度下仍然需要7-12d时间完成镀膜，按10天完成一槽镀膜计算，一个可月投入3槽，即345块阳极板。Hulunbeier Chihong Mining Co., Ltd., due to the continuous high level of chlorine in the system (1599.57mg/L) in 2022, caused great corrosion to the anode plates, and the number of anode plates in the tank to be replaced reached more than 3,000 pieces, and new anodes needed to be quickly invested in large quantities Due to the limitation of the traditional electroplating of the traditional anode plate, that is, the traditional coating method of the new anode plate needs to be electrified. The operation process is the same as that of the normal zinc electrodeposition. Pb 2+ , rather than oxygen precipitation reaction, so the lead content in the zinc flakes produced in the early stage and the lead content in the waste liquid will be very high. It is necessary to put the new anode plates into an electrolytic cell, and the electrolytic cell produced by the cell The waste liquid is directly sent to the waste liquid tank, which may easily cause problems such as insufficient circulation volume and poor quality of zinc flakes, and the coating efficiency is poor. It still takes 7-12 days to complete the coating on a 3.2m 2 anode plate at a current density of 450A/m 2 , based on 10 days to complete a tank coating calculation, one can be put into 3 tanks a month, that is, 345 anode plates.
一槽阳极板(115块)完成镀膜需要12天，2022年6月13日中午投入B54一槽阳极板，6月19日11：31分析该槽液铅的浓度为63.25mg/L、6月23日17：00分析该槽液铅的浓度为8.53mg/L、6月24日13：00分析该槽液铅的浓度为2.47mg/L，即新投入阳极板需要12天时间完成镀膜，液铅恢复正常水平≤2.5mg/L，一个月投入数量难以突破345块。It takes 12 days for one tank of anode plates (115 pieces) to complete the coating. At noon on June 13, 2022, one tank of B54 anode plates was put into the tank. At 11:31 on June 19, the concentration of lead in the tank was analyzed to be 63.25mg/L. At 17:00 on the 23rd, the concentration of lead in the bath was 8.53mg/L, and at 13:00 on June 24, the concentration of lead in the bath was 2.47mg/L, which means that it takes 12 days to complete the coating on the new anode plate. The liquid lead returned to normal level ≤ 2.5mg/L, and it is difficult to break through 345 pieces a month.
本公司2022年6月底开始使用实施例3方法镀膜，于2022年6月30日16：30放入新阳极板开始镀膜，2022年7月1日16：35提板观察，新阳极板表面已经形成致密的红棕色氧化膜，使用钢丝刷轻擦氧化膜不脱落。2022年7月2日4：05将镀膜后阳极板投入至B3号电解槽使用，7月2日4：25分析该槽液铅的浓度为115.85g/L、7月2日11：00分析该槽液铅的浓度为22.83g/L、7月3日3：00分析该槽液铅的浓度为8.12g/L、7月3日11：40分析该槽液铅的浓度为2.23g/L，镀膜时间24h，投用后32h恢复正常水平，即新投入阳极板需要2.33天完成镀膜，一个月投入数量为1478块。The company began to use the method of Example 3 for coating at the end of June 2022, and put in the new anode plate at 16:30 on June 30, 2022 to start coating. When the plate was lifted at 16:35 on July 1, 2022, the surface of the new anode plate had A dense red-brown oxide film is formed, and the oxide film will not fall off when rubbed lightly with a wire brush. At 4:05 on July 2, 2022, the coated anode plate was put into electrolytic tank B3 for use, and the concentration of lead in the tank was analyzed at 4:25 on July 2, and the concentration of lead in the tank was 115.85g/L, and it was analyzed at 11:00 on July 2 The concentration of lead in the bath was 22.83g/L. The concentration of lead in the bath was analyzed at 3:00 on July 3rd to be 8.12g/L. The concentration of lead in the bath was analyzed at 11:40 on July 3rd to be 2.23g/L. L, the coating time is 24 hours, and it returns to the normal level 32 hours after being put into use, that is, it takes 2.33 days to complete the coating on the new anode plate, and the number of inputs in a month is 1478.
结论：本发明较传统阳极板通电镀膜方法镀膜速度快，可以快速投用于生产。Conclusion: Compared with the traditional anode plate electroplating method, the coating speed of the present invention is faster, and it can be quickly put into production.
对所公开的实施例的说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。The disclosed embodiments are described to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
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