CN115176601A - Flesh seed separator - Google Patents
Flesh seed separator Download PDFInfo
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- CN115176601A CN115176601A CN202210891264.5A CN202210891264A CN115176601A CN 115176601 A CN115176601 A CN 115176601A CN 202210891264 A CN202210891264 A CN 202210891264A CN 115176601 A CN115176601 A CN 115176601A
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 170
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 235000015110 jellies Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000008274 jelly Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000219122 Cucurbita Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000009852 Cucurbita pepo Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 240000008067 Cucumis sativus Species 0.000 description 10
- 235000010799 Cucumis sativus var sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000251169 Alopias vulpinus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F11/00—Threshing apparatus specially adapted for maize; Threshing apparatus specially adapted for particular crops other than cereals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
- B01D35/16—Cleaning-out devices, e.g. for removing the cake from the filter casing or for evacuating the last remnants of liquid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D36/00—Filter circuits or combinations of filters with other separating devices
- B01D36/04—Combinations of filters with settling tanks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/14—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/26—Details
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/26—Details
- B02C13/282—Shape or inner surface of mill-housings
- B02C13/284—Built-in screens
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
- B02C23/10—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator arranged in discharge path of crushing or disintegrating zone
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
- B02C23/14—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with more than one separator
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
- B02C23/16—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator defining termination of crushing or disintegrating zone, e.g. screen denying egress of oversize material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
- B02C23/16—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator defining termination of crushing or disintegrating zone, e.g. screen denying egress of oversize material
- B02C2023/165—Screen denying egress of oversize material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/64—Paper recycling
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
- Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及农产品加工技术领域,尤其是涉及一种瓤类种子分离装置。The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural product processing, in particular to a separation device for flesh seeds.
背景技术Background technique
黄瓜种子的生产就是属于农业黄瓜种植的重要一环,高效、低成本生产出的黄瓜种子将会进一步促进黄瓜种植业。而目前,较大规模黄瓜种子生产,依靠一类机械化的黄瓜种子脱粒机,将老黄瓜机械切碎外表皮,获得其内部胶状液体与种子的混合物(包含一些外皮);再通过人工清洗,去除胶状液体,从而获得干净的黄瓜种子。较小规模黄瓜种子获得,一般依靠人工切开,获得其内部胶状液体与种子的混合物,再用水洗干净。The production of cucumber seeds is an important part of agricultural cucumber planting. The efficient and low-cost production of cucumber seeds will further promote the cucumber planting industry. At present, large-scale cucumber seed production relies on a type of mechanized cucumber seed thresher to mechanically chop the outer skin of the old cucumber to obtain a mixture of its internal colloidal liquid and seeds (including some skin); Remove the gelatinous liquid to get clean cucumber seeds. Small-scale cucumber seeds are generally obtained by manual cutting to obtain a mixture of internal colloidal liquid and seeds, and then washed with water.
无论大规模还是小规模黄瓜种子的生产过程中,人工扮演着重要的角色,自动化水平较低、耗费大量人力劳动,尤其最后一环胶状液体与种子的混合物的清洗分离。In the production process of large-scale or small-scale cucumber seeds, labor plays an important role, and the automation level is low, which consumes a lot of manual labor, especially the cleaning and separation of the final mixture of colloidal liquid and seeds.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的在于提供一种瓤类种子分离装置,以解决现有技术中存在的至少一个上述技术问题。另外,本案是申请日2021年3月28日、申请号2021103293146、名称为“一种瓤类种子分离装置及方法”的分案申请。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pulp seed separation device to solve at least one of the above technical problems existing in the prior art. In addition, this case is a divisional application with an application date of March 28, 2021, application number 2021103293146, and titled "A device and method for separating fleshy seeds".
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供的一种瓤类种子分离装置,包括:本体、分离作业机构和供水系统;In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a pulp seed separation device, comprising: a main body, a separation operation mechanism and a water supply system;
所述本体上设置有容纳瓢类作物的筒状容纳腔;The body is provided with a cylindrical accommodating cavity for accommodating scoop crops;
所述分离作业机构包括电机和分离叶片;所述分离叶片可转动地设置在所述容纳腔内,分离叶片在电机带动下转动,用于破碎切割瓢类作物的外壳、分离胶状物和种子;The separation operation mechanism includes a motor and a separation blade; the separation blade is rotatably arranged in the accommodating cavity, and the separation blade rotates under the drive of the motor, which is used for breaking and cutting the shell of the scoop crops, and separating the jelly and seeds ;
所述供水系统包括输水泵体和供水管路,用于向所述容纳腔内输入分离水液。The water supply system includes a water supply water body and a water supply pipeline, and is used for inputting separated water liquid into the accommodating cavity.
进一步地,所述供水管路上设置有进水阀门。Further, a water inlet valve is provided on the water supply pipeline.
进一步地,所述筒状容纳腔底部设置有用于称量瓢类作物重量的重量检测机构。Further, the bottom of the cylindrical accommodating cavity is provided with a weight detection mechanism for weighing the weight of the scoop crops.
进一步地,所述重量检测机构为压力传感器,例如HX711压力传感器等。Further, the weight detection mechanism is a pressure sensor, such as a HX711 pressure sensor and the like.
进一步地,所述筒状容纳腔内设置有用于检测水位的水位传感器。Further, a water level sensor for detecting the water level is arranged in the cylindrical accommodating cavity.
进一步地,还包括处理器,处理器为读取、分析、处理数据、并发出控制指令的控制器,处理器分别与所述输水泵体、电机、压力传感器以及所述供水系统连接。Further, it also includes a processor, the processor is a controller that reads, analyzes, processes data, and sends out control instructions, and the processor is respectively connected to the water delivery water body, the motor, the pressure sensor and the water supply system.
处理器可根据压力传感器所检测的瓢类作物的重量自动选择最佳的分离水液量;并通过水位传感器的检测和反馈结果,控制供水阀门和输水泵体开启和关闭,自动控制容纳腔内分离水液维持在最佳值。The processor can automatically select the best amount of separated water according to the weight of the scoop crops detected by the pressure sensor; and through the detection and feedback results of the water level sensor, it can control the opening and closing of the water supply valve and the water delivery pump body, and automatically control the inside of the chamber. The separation water is maintained at the optimum value.
进一步地,所述本体在所述容纳腔的底部设置有排水管路,排水管路上设置有排水阀门。Further, the body is provided with a drainage pipeline at the bottom of the accommodating cavity, and a drainage valve is arranged on the drainage pipeline.
优选地,所述排水阀门与所述处理器连接。Preferably, the drain valve is connected to the processor.
进一步地,还包括用于供电和稳压的电源装置。Further, a power supply device for power supply and voltage regulation is also included.
进一步地,还包括过滤装置,过滤装置与所述排水管路连接,用于承接自所述容纳腔内排出的混合液、分离种子与残渣。Further, a filter device is also included, and the filter device is connected to the drainage pipeline for receiving the mixed liquid discharged from the accommodating cavity, and separating seeds and residues.
所述过滤装置优选为过滤网、过滤筛等,将杂质滤除后,可获得纯净的种子。The filtering device is preferably a filter screen, a filter screen, etc. After filtering out impurities, pure seeds can be obtained.
进一步地,还包括与所述过滤装置连接的收集装置,用于承接和收集种子。Further, it also includes a collecting device connected with the filtering device for receiving and collecting seeds.
进一步地,所述中央处理装置还包括驱动单元,驱动单元与所述输水泵体、电机、进水阀门和排水阀门连接。Further, the central processing device further includes a drive unit, and the drive unit is connected with the water delivery water body, the motor, the water inlet valve and the drain valve.
进一步地,还包括分离筒,分离筒可转动地设置在所述容纳腔内,且分离筒与所述分离叶片同轴心设置;Further, it also includes a separation cylinder, the separation cylinder is rotatably arranged in the accommodating cavity, and the separation cylinder and the separation blade are coaxially arranged;
所述电机的动力输出轴自外依次伸入所述容纳腔和分离筒内;所述分离叶片布设在所述分离筒内与所述动力输出轴固定连接;动力输出轴通过限速离合器与所述分离筒连接;当动力输出轴以及分离叶片转速大于或等于限定速度时,分离筒跟随动力输出轴一同转动;当动力输出轴以及分离叶片转速低于限定速度时,分离筒与动力输出轴脱离,两者可相对自由转动。The power output shaft of the motor extends into the accommodating cavity and the separation cylinder in sequence from the outside; the separation blade is arranged in the separation cylinder and is fixedly connected with the power output shaft; the power output shaft is connected to the power output shaft through a speed-limiting clutch. The separation cylinder is connected; when the rotation speed of the power output shaft and the separation blade is greater than or equal to the limit speed, the separation cylinder rotates with the power output shaft; when the rotation speed of the power output shaft and the separation blade is lower than the limit speed, the separation cylinder and the power output shaft are disengaged , the two can rotate relatively freely.
进一步地,所述分离筒的底部和侧壁上设置有多个用于排出碎渣和胶液(胶状物)的排渣孔。Further, a plurality of slag discharge holes for discharging slag and glue (jelly) are arranged on the bottom and side walls of the separation cylinder.
进一步地,所述容纳腔内以及所述分离筒下方设置有筛板,用于承接碎渣并过滤掉水液;筛板下方设置有沉淀腔,用于沉淀水液。Further, a sieve plate is arranged in the accommodating cavity and below the separation cylinder for receiving the slag and filtering out the water liquid; a sedimentation cavity is arranged under the sieve plate for precipitating the water liquid.
进一步地,瓤类种子的分离过程依次包括:破碎阶段、分离阶段和甩干阶段;Further, the separation process of the flesh seeds sequentially includes: a crushing stage, a separation stage and a drying stage;
破碎阶段中,所述动力输出轴以及分离叶片的转速一直小于所述限定速度(优选地,破碎阶段中,所述动力输出轴以及分离叶片的转速为限定速度的1/4~2/3);In the crushing stage, the rotational speed of the power output shaft and the separation blade is always lower than the limited speed (preferably, in the crushing stage, the rotational speed of the power output shaft and the separation blade is 1/4 to 2/3 of the limited speed) ;
分离阶段中,所述动力输出轴以及分离叶片的转速呈以所述限定速度为中心的正弦曲线型变化;即动力输出轴以及分离叶片的转速时而大于限定速度,进而带动所述分离筒同步转动;动力输出轴以及分离叶片的转速时而小于限定速度,分离筒与所述分离叶片之间相对转动,进而利用分离叶片搅动分离筒内的瓢类种子、碎渣以及胶状物,以及对碎渣以及胶状物进而二次破碎;In the separation stage, the rotational speed of the power output shaft and the separation blade changes in a sinusoidal shape centered on the limited speed; that is, the rotational speed of the power output shaft and the separation blade is sometimes greater than the limited speed, thereby driving the separation cylinder to rotate synchronously ; The rotational speed of the power output shaft and the separation blade is sometimes less than the limited speed, and the separation cylinder and the separation blade rotate relative to each other, and then use the separation blade to agitate the scoop seeds, slag and jelly in the separation cylinder, and to remove the slag. And the jelly is then broken for the second time;
甩干阶段,所述动力输出轴以及分离叶片的转速一直大于所述限定速度,动力输出轴带动所述分离筒同步且快速转动,利用离心力将碎渣和胶状物甩出分离筒。优选地,甩干阶段时动力输出轴和分离筒的转速为所述限定速度的1.5-3倍。甩干阶段,分离筒和分离叶片保持相对静止,从而可以避免分离叶片破损种子。In the drying stage, the rotation speed of the power output shaft and the separation blade is always greater than the limit speed, the power output shaft drives the separation cylinder to rotate synchronously and rapidly, and uses centrifugal force to throw the debris and jelly out of the separation cylinder. Preferably, the rotational speed of the power take-off shaft and the separation drum is 1.5-3 times the limited speed during the drying stage. During the spin-drying stage, the separation drum and the separation blade are kept relatively stationary, so that the seeds can be prevented from being damaged by the separation blade.
其中,排渣孔的孔径小于种子的粒径,更优选地,排渣孔的孔径等于正常的成熟种子的平均粒径,从而在排出碎渣和胶状物的同时实现对优质种子的筛选。Wherein, the diameter of the slag discharge hole is smaller than the particle diameter of the seeds, more preferably, the diameter of the slag discharge hole is equal to the average particle diameter of normal mature seeds, so as to realize the screening of high-quality seeds while discharging slag and jelly.
更为优选地,还包括分离泵体;所述动力输出轴中空设置,内部设置有流道,动力输出轴在所述分离筒内的部分侧壁上设置有连接流道内外的喷孔;分离泵体用于向流道内泵入分离水液,分离水液自喷孔喷出。More preferably, it also includes a separation pump body; the power output shaft is hollow and provided with a flow channel inside, and the power output shaft is provided with a spray hole connecting the inside and outside of the flow channel on a part of the side wall in the separation cylinder; separation The pump body is used to pump the separated water into the flow channel, and the separated water is ejected from the nozzle holes.
破碎阶段,利用输水泵体或分离泵体向容纳腔以及分离筒内输入分离水液,分离水液漫过瓢类作物和分离叶片,分离叶片转动在分离水液中将瓢类作物进行破碎处理。In the crushing stage, the water delivery pump body or the separation pump body is used to input the separated water liquid into the accommodating cavity and the separation cylinder. .
分离阶段,分离水液汲出,分离水液的液面低于分离筒(即分离筒内不存分离水液);利用分离泵体用于向流道内泵入分离水液,分离水液自喷孔喷出,促使种子和碎渣、胶状物分离,并随着分离水液通过排渣孔被甩出分离筒。In the separation stage, the separated water liquid is drawn out, and the liquid level of the separated water liquid is lower than the separation cylinder (that is, there is no separated water liquid in the separation cylinder); the separation pump body is used to pump the separated water liquid into the flow channel, and the separated water liquid is self-spraying The holes are ejected to promote the separation of seeds, slag and jelly, and are thrown out of the separation cylinder through the slag discharge holes along with the separated water.
优选地,所述分离泵体的进液口通过管路与所述沉淀腔连接,从而实现分离水液的循环使用。Preferably, the liquid inlet of the separation pump body is connected to the sedimentation chamber through a pipeline, so as to realize the circulating use of the separated water liquid.
本发明结构简单,自动化程度高,可实现瓤类种子分离的自动化生产,成本低,效率高,社会收益巨大。The invention has the advantages of simple structure and high degree of automation, and can realize the automatic production of the separation of pulp seeds, with low cost, high efficiency and huge social benefits.
另外,本发明还公开了一种采用上述瓤类种子分离装置的瓤类种子分离方法,其包括如不步骤:In addition, the present invention also discloses a method for separating fleshy seeds using the above-mentioned fleshy seed separating device, which comprises the steps of:
S10:向本体内的容纳腔内输入瓢类作物,重量检测机构时时监测瓢类作物的实际输入重量G1,如输入重量G1小于等于重量阈值G0,则持续输入瓢类作物,直到输入重量G1大于重量阈值G0;S10: Input the scoop crops into the accommodating cavity in the main body, and the weight detection mechanism constantly monitors the actual input weight G 1 of the scoop crops. If the input weight G 1 is less than or equal to the weight threshold G 0 , continue to input the scoop crops until the input The weight G 1 is greater than the weight threshold G 0 ;
S20:处理器根据实际输入重量G1计算最佳水量值H1,最佳分离时间T1,最佳分离速度N1;S20: the processor calculates the optimal water volume value H 1 , the optimal separation time T 1 , and the optimal separation speed N 1 according to the actual input weight G 1 ;
S30:向本体内的容纳腔内输入分离水液,水位传感器时时监测输入的分离水液容量,直到输入的分离水液达到最佳水量值H1;S30: Input the separated water liquid into the accommodating cavity in the main body, and the water level sensor constantly monitors the inputted separated water liquid volume until the inputted separated water liquid reaches the optimum water volume value H 1 ;
S40:关闭排水阀门,启动分离作业机构,控制分离速度为最佳分离速度N1;控制分离时长为最佳分离时间T1;S40: close the drain valve, start the separation operation mechanism, and control the separation speed to be the optimal separation speed N 1 ; control the separation duration to be the optimal separation time T 1 ;
S50:开启排水阀门,过滤分离出种子。S50: Open the drain valve, filter and separate out the seeds.
其中优选地,还包括步骤S11:初始化,检测压力传感器、供水系统、分离作业机构是否处于正常状态,若是,执行下一步;否则,提示故障。Preferably, it also includes step S11: initialization, detecting whether the pressure sensor, the water supply system, and the separation operating mechanism are in a normal state, if so, execute the next step; otherwise, prompt a fault.
其中,可根据P I D控制方法,在一定的精度内,处理器可控制转速保持为N1。Among them, according to the PID control method, within a certain precision, the processor can control the rotational speed to keep N 1 .
进一步地,步骤S10中,如果实际输入重量G1超过最大负载Gmax,则提示超过负载。Further, in step S10, if the actual input weight G 1 exceeds the maximum load G max , a prompt is given to exceed the load.
进一步地,最大负载Gmax根据分离作业机构的电机负载能力进行计算。Further, the maximum load G max is calculated according to the motor load capacity of the separation working mechanism.
进一步地,所述最佳水量值H1计算公式为:H1=3*G1。Further, the calculation formula of the optimum water quantity value H 1 is: H 1 =3*G 1 .
进一步地,所述最佳分离时间T1计算公式为:T1=5+(G1-0)。Further, the calculation formula of the optimal separation time T 1 is: T 1 =5+(G 1 -0).
进一步地,所述最佳分离速度N1计算公式如下:Further, the calculation formula of the optimal separation speed N 1 is as follows:
采用上述技术方案,本发明具有如下有益效果:Adopt above-mentioned technical scheme, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
本发明提供的一种瓤类种子分离装置及方法,实现了瓤类种子的自动化、智能化分离清洗,可用于农业瓤类种子生产,且效率高、成本低,分离纯度更高。The device and method for separating the fleshy seeds provided by the invention realizes automatic and intelligent separation and cleaning of the fleshy seeds, can be used for the production of the fleshy seeds in agriculture, and has high efficiency, low cost and higher separation purity.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明具体实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案下面将对具体实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施方式,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description These are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.
图1为本发明实施例1提供的瓤类种子分离装置的结构示意图;Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the pulp seed separation device provided in the embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例1中控制系统的原理图;2 is a schematic diagram of a control system in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图3为本发明实施例2中瓤类种子分离方法的流程图;Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the method for separating the fleshy seeds in the embodiment of the present invention 2;
图4为本发明实施例3提供的瓤类种子分离装置的结构示意图;Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the pulp seed separation device provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;
图5为本发明实施例3中瓤类种子分离三个阶段中分离叶片和动力输出轴的转速的变化曲线图。FIG. 5 is a graph showing the variation of the rotational speed of the separation blade and the power output shaft in three stages of separation of the fleshy seeds in Example 3 of the present invention.
附图标记:Reference number:
10-本体;11-容纳腔;12-沉淀腔;20-分离作业机构;21-电机;22-分离叶片;23-动力输出轴;24-限速离合器;31-进水阀门;32-排水阀门;41-重量检测机构;42-水位传感器;50-分离筒;51-排渣孔;60-筛板;70-分离泵体。10-body; 11-accommodating chamber; 12-settling chamber; 20-separating operating mechanism; 21-motor; 22-separating vane; 23-power output shaft; 24-speed limiting clutch; 31-water inlet valve; 32-drainage Valve; 41-weight detection mechanism; 42-water level sensor; 50-separating cylinder; 51-slagging hole; 60-sieve plate; 70-separating pump body.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合附图对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
在本发明的描述中,需要说明的是,术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外,术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. The indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation or a specific orientation. construction and operation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed to indicate or imply relative importance.
在本发明的描述中,需要说明的是,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或一体地连接;可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection Connection, or integral connection; can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be internal communication between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific situations.
下面结合具体的实施方式对本发明做进一步的解释说明。The present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
实施例1Example 1
如图1-2所示,本实施例提供的一种瓤类种子分离装置,包括:本体10、分离作业机构20和供水系统;As shown in Figures 1-2, the present embodiment provides a pulp seed separation device, including: a
所述本体10上设置有容纳瓢类作物的筒状容纳腔11;The
所述分离作业机构20包括电机21和分离叶片22;所述分离叶片22可转动地设置在所述容纳腔11内,分离叶片22在电机21带动下转动,用于破碎切割瓢类作物的外壳、分离胶状物和种子;The
所述供水系统包括输水泵体和供水管路,用于向所述容纳腔11内输入分离水液。所述供水管路上设置有进水阀门31。The water supply system includes a water supply water body and a water supply pipeline, which are used for inputting separated water liquid into the
所述筒状容纳腔11底部设置有用于称量瓢类作物重量的重量检测机构41。所述重量检测机构41优选采用压力传感器,例如HX711压力传感器等。以及所述筒状容纳腔11内设置有用于检测水位的水位传感器42。The bottom of the cylindrical accommodating
如图2所示,本实施例还包括中央处理器,中央处理器为读取、分析、处理数据、并发出控制指令的控制器,中央处理器分别与所述输水泵体、电机21、压力传感器以及供水系统连接。以及本实施例还包括用于供电和稳压的电源装置。As shown in FIG. 2 , this embodiment also includes a central processing unit, which is a controller that reads, analyzes, and processes data and issues control commands. Sensor and water system connection. And this embodiment also includes a power supply device for power supply and voltage regulation.
处理器可根据压力传感器所检测的瓢类作物的重量自动选择最佳的分离水液量;并通过水位传感器42的检测和反馈结果,控制供水阀门和输水泵体开启和关闭,自动控制容纳腔11内分离水液维持在最佳值。中央处理装置还包括驱动单元,驱动单元与所述输水泵体、电机21、进水阀门31和排水阀门32连接。The processor can automatically select the best amount of separated water according to the weight of the scoop crops detected by the pressure sensor; and through the detection and feedback results of the
另外,所述本体10在所述容纳腔11的底部设置有排水管路,排水管路上设置有排水阀门32。所述排水阀门32与处理器连接。In addition, the
更为优选地,本实施例还包括过滤装置(未示出)和收集装置(未示出),过滤装置与所述排水管路连接,用于承接自所述容纳腔11内排出的混合液、分离种子与残渣。所述过滤装置优选为过滤网、过滤筛等,将杂质滤除后,可获得纯净的种子。收集装置与所述过滤装置连接,用于承接和收集种子。More preferably, this embodiment also includes a filter device (not shown) and a collection device (not shown), the filter device is connected to the drainage pipeline, and is used for receiving the mixed liquid discharged from the
本发明结构简单,自动化程度高,可实现瓤类种子分离的自动化生产,成本低,效率高,社会收益巨大。The invention has the advantages of simple structure and high degree of automation, and can realize the automatic production of the separation of pulp seeds, with low cost, high efficiency and huge social benefits.
实施例2Example 2
如图3所示,本发明还公开了一种采用上述瓤类种子分离装置的瓤类种子分离方法,其包括如不步骤:As shown in Figure 3, the present invention also discloses a method for separating the fleshy seeds using the above-mentioned fleshy seed separating device, which comprises the steps of:
S10:向本体10内的容纳腔11内输入瓢类作物,重量检测机构41时时监测瓢类作物的实际输入重量G1,如输入重量G1小于等于重量阈值G0,则持续输入瓢类作物,直到输入重量G1大于重量阈值G0;如果实际输入重量G1超过最大负载Gmax,则提示超过负载。S10: Input scoop crops into the
S20:处理器根据实际输入重量G1计算最佳水量值H1,最佳分离时间T1,最佳分离速度N1;S20: the processor calculates the optimal water volume value H 1 , the optimal separation time T 1 , and the optimal separation speed N 1 according to the actual input weight G 1 ;
S30:向本体10内的容纳腔11内输入分离水液,水位传感器42时时监测输入的分离水液容量,直到输入的分离水液达到最佳水量值H1;S30: Input the separated water liquid into the
S40:关闭排水阀门32,启动分离作业机构20,控制分离速度为最佳分离速度N1;控制分离时长为最佳分离时间T1;S40: close the
S50:开启排水阀门32,过滤分离出种子。S50: Open the
其中优选地,S10中还包括步骤S11:初始化,检测压力传感器、供水系统、分离作业机构20是否处于正常状态,若是,执行下一步;否则,提示故障。Preferably, step S11 is also included in S10: initialization, detecting whether the pressure sensor, the water supply system, and the
其中,最大负载Gmax根据分离作业机构20的电机21负载能力进行计算。所述最佳水量值H1计算公式为:H1=3*G1。Here, the maximum load G max is calculated based on the load capacity of the
所述最佳分离时间T1计算公式为:T1=5+(G1-G0)。The calculation formula of the optimal separation time T 1 is: T 1 =5+(G 1 −G 0 ).
所述最佳分离速度N1计算公式如下: The calculation formula of the optimal separation speed N1 is as follows:
本发明提供的一种瓤类种子分离装置及方法,实现了瓤类种子的自动化、智能化分离清洗,可用于农业瓤类种子生产,且效率高、成本低,分离纯度更高。The device and method for separating the fleshy seeds provided by the invention realizes automatic and intelligent separation and cleaning of the fleshy seeds, can be used for the production of the fleshy seeds in agriculture, and has high efficiency, low cost and higher separation purity.
实施例3Example 3
本实施例与实施例1基本相同,不同之处在于:This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1, except that:
如图4所示,本实施例包括分离筒50,分离筒50可转动地设置在所述容纳腔11内,且分离筒50与所述分离叶片22同轴心设置;所述分离筒50的底部和侧壁上设置有多个用于排出碎渣和胶液(胶状物)的排渣孔51。As shown in FIG. 4 , the present embodiment includes a
所述电机21的动力输出轴23自外依次伸入所述容纳腔11和分离筒50内;所述分离叶片22布设在所述分离筒50内与所述动力输出轴23固定连接;动力输出轴23通过限速离合器24与所述分离筒50连接;当动力输出轴23以及分离叶片22转速v大于或等于限定速度v0时,分离筒50跟随动力输出轴23一同转动;当动力输出轴23以及分离叶片22转速v低于限定速度v0时,分离筒50与动力输出轴23脱离,两者可相对自由转动。The
限速离合器24为现有技术,结构成熟,在此不再赘述。The speed-limiting
所述容纳腔11内以及所述分离筒50下方设置有筛板60,用于承接碎渣并过滤掉水液;筛板60下方设置有沉淀腔12,用于沉淀水液。A
参照图5所示,瓤类种子的分离过程依次包括:破碎阶段、分离阶段和甩干阶段;Referring to Figure 5, the separation process of the flesh seeds sequentially includes: a crushing stage, a separation stage and a drying stage;
破碎阶段中,所述动力输出轴23以及分离叶片22的转速一直小于所述限定速度v0;优选地,破碎阶段中,所述动力输出轴23以及分离叶片22的转速为限定速度v0的1/4~2/3;In the crushing stage, the rotational speed of the
分离阶段中,所述动力输出轴23以及分离叶片22的转速呈以所述限定速度v0为中心的正弦曲线型变化;即动力输出轴23以及分离叶片22的转速时而大于限定速度v0,进而带动所述分离筒50同步转动;动力输出轴23以及分离叶片22的转速时而小于限定速度v0,分离筒50与所述分离叶片22之间相对转动,进而利用分离叶片22搅动分离筒50内的瓢类种子、碎渣以及胶状物,以及对碎渣以及胶状物进而二次破碎;其中,正弦曲线的振幅小于破碎阶段的所述动力输出轴23以及分离叶片22的转速,即正弦曲线的振幅小于限定速度v0的1/4~2/3;避免分离筒50与所述分离叶片22之间相对转速过快而损伤种子。In the separation stage, the rotational speed of the
甩干阶段,所述动力输出轴23以及分离叶片22的转速一直大于所述限定速度v0,动力输出轴23带动所述分离筒50同步且快速转动,利用离心力将碎渣和胶状物甩出分离筒50。优选地,甩干阶段时动力输出轴23和分离筒50的转速为所述限定速度v0的1.5-3倍。甩干阶段,分离筒50和分离叶片22保持相对静止,从而可以避免分离叶片22破损种子。In the drying stage, the rotational speed of the
其中,排渣孔51的孔径小于种子的粒径,更优选地,排渣孔51的孔径等于正常的成熟种子的平均粒径,从而在排出碎渣和胶状物的同时实现对优质种子的筛选。Wherein, the diameter of the
更为优选地,还包括分离泵体70;所述动力输出轴23中空设置,内部设置有流道,动力输出轴23在所述分离筒50内的部分侧壁上设置有连接流道内外的喷孔;分离泵体70用于向流道内泵入分离水液,分离水液自喷孔喷出。More preferably, it also includes a
破碎阶段,利用输水泵体或分离泵体70向容纳腔11以及分离筒50内输入分离水液,分离水液漫过瓢类作物和分离叶片22,分离叶片22转动在分离水液中将瓢类作物进行破碎处理。In the crushing stage, the water delivery pump body or the
分离阶段,汲出分离水液,分离水液的液面低于分离筒50(即分离筒50内不存分离水液);利用分离泵体70用于向流道内泵入分离水液,分离水液自喷孔喷出,促使种子和碎渣、胶状物分离,并随着分离水液通过排渣孔51被甩出分离筒50。In the separation stage, the separation water liquid is drawn out, and the liquid level of the separation water liquid is lower than the separation cylinder 50 (that is, there is no separation water liquid in the separation cylinder 50); the
优选地,所述分离泵体70的进液口通过管路与所述沉淀腔12连接,从而实现分离水液的循环使用。Preferably, the liquid inlet of the
最后应说明的是:以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: The technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments can still be modified, or some or all of the technical features thereof can be equivalently replaced; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. scope.
Claims (8)
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| CN202210891264.5A CN115176601B (en) | 2021-03-28 | 2021-03-28 | Pulp seed separator |
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| CN202210891264.5A CN115176601B (en) | 2021-03-28 | 2021-03-28 | Pulp seed separator |
| CN202110329314.6A CN113330917B (en) | 2021-03-28 | 2021-03-28 | A kind of seed separation device and method |
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| CN115176601B (en) | 2023-04-25 |
| CN113330917A (en) | 2021-09-03 |
| CN113330917B (en) | 2022-09-06 |
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