CN115142788B

CN115142788B - An automatic vertical drilling device driven by a turbine generator

Info

Publication number: CN115142788B
Application number: CN202210779333.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 彭勇; 白儒林; 孙龙欢; 孙鹏; 侯香港; 赵飞鹏
Original assignee: Xian Shiyou University
Current assignee: Xian Shiyou University
Priority date: 2022-07-04
Filing date: 2022-07-04
Publication date: 2025-09-30
Anticipated expiration: 2042-07-04
Also published as: CN115142788A

Abstract

An automatic vertical drilling device based on turbine generator driving comprises a drill collar, an upper supporting frame is arranged above the inside of the drill collar, a first tool control shaft is arranged in the upper supporting frame, a lower supporting frame is arranged below the inside of the drill collar, a second tool control shaft is arranged in the lower supporting frame, an electronic bin, a generator and a turbine which are connected with each other are sequentially arranged between the first tool control shaft and the second tool control shaft, when vertical drilling operation is carried out, a drilling pump at a wellhead pumps high-pressure drilling fluid into a well through a drill string, when the drilling fluid flushes the turbine, the turbine drives a generator rotor to rotate, so that a rotating magnetic field is generated, a magnetic induction wire is cut by an outer winding wire of the generator, induced current is generated, current is led into the electronic bin, electronic equipment in the electronic bin works, and when the generator generates the induced current, electromagnetic moment is generated on the winding, the movement of the second tool control shaft is controlled, and the automatic vertical drilling device has the advantages of being simple in structure, high in reliability, low in cost and good in practicality.

Description

Automatic vertical drilling device based on turbine generator drive

Technical Field

The invention relates to an automatic vertical drilling tool, in particular to an automatic vertical drilling device driven by a turbine generator.

Background

In the oil-gas field exploration and development process, the stratum structure is complex, and the automatic vertical drilling tool is an electromechanical liquid integrated intelligent closed-loop guiding drilling device capable of automatically and effectively controlling well deviation and guaranteeing that a drill bit drills along the vertical direction all the time, and can effectively improve the mechanical drilling speed, release the drilling pressure and reduce the drilling cost while guaranteeing the borehole quality, so that the device is widely applied. The automatic vertical drilling tool can be divided into a mechanical type and an electric control type according to the structural form of the stable platform, and the mechanical type tool has the advantages of simple structure, low maintenance cost, low sealing requirement on the tool, high reliability, high temperature and high pressure resistance, strong vibration and impact resistance, low control precision and poor drilling track of the tool. The electric control type tool has high control precision, good drilling track, higher sealing requirement on the tool, poorer high-temperature and high-pressure resistance, complex structure and higher later maintenance cost.

At present, an automatic vertical drilling tool adopting an electric control type stable platform is driven by utilizing two turbine generators with opposite rotating directions, two opposite electromagnetic moments are generated, under the condition that drilling fluid displacement is fixed, the electromagnetic moments generated by the upper turbine generator are relatively fixed, and the movement of a tool shaft is controlled in a two-way manner by controlling the magnitude of the electromagnetic moments of the lower turbine generator. The turbine generator is the weakest component of the tool and the reliability of automatic vertical drilling tools using two turbine generators is low.

Patent application CN215443928U discloses a supporting device for petroleum and natural gas drilling, in particular to an electromechanical integrated automatic vertical drilling tool. The turbine generator of the automatic vertical drilling tool is arranged in the installation shell, the turbine generator is sleeved on the upper supporting shaft through a bearing, the eccentric block is connected with the middle supporting shaft, the middle supporting shaft is connected with the stepping motor, the vertical drilling tool generates power by utilizing the turbine generator, then the power is supplied to the measurement and control components and the stepping motor, the eccentric block and the stepping motor drive the upper disc valve to rotate at a constant speed, or the through hole of the upper disc valve is aligned with the high side of the well hole, so that drilling fluid pushes the corresponding pushing rib plate, the drill bit always keeps drilling in the vertical direction, the stability is better, but the driving structure is complex, and the use and maintenance cost is higher.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an automatic vertical drilling device driven by a turbine generator, which can improve the reliability of an automatic vertical drilling tool by reducing the number of generators, has a simple driving structure, reduces the use cost and replacement cost of the generators, is beneficial to reducing the axial length of the automatic vertical drilling tool, further meets the efficiency requirement of vertical drilling operation, and utilizes a single electromagnetic moment generated by a single turbine generator to carry out unidirectional control on a tool control shaft.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

An automatic vertical drilling device based on turbine generator driving comprises a drill collar 1, an upper support frame 2 is arranged above the inside of the drill collar 1, a first tool control shaft 17 is connected to the inner side of the upper support frame 2, a lower support frame 6 is arranged below the inside of the drill collar 1, a second tool control shaft 12 is connected to the inner side of the lower support frame 6, an electronic bin 3, a generator 4 and a turbine 5 which are connected with each other are sequentially arranged between the first tool control shaft 17 and the second tool control shaft 12, the bottom end of the second tool control shaft 12 is connected with an upper disc valve 7, the upper disc valve 7 is in friction contact with a lower disc valve 8, the bottom of the lower disc valve 8 is rigidly connected with the inner bottom wall of the drill collar 1, a sliding sleeve 9 is further arranged on the outer wall below the drill collar 1, and a pushing rib plate 10 is placed in the sliding sleeve 9.

The generator 4 comprises a stator 13 and a rotor 14 which are coaxially connected, wherein the periphery of the stator 13 surrounds a winding 15, a plurality of permanent magnets 16 are embedded in the inner side of the rotor 14, gaps are reserved between the winding 15 and the permanent magnets 16, the axial length of the winding 15 is matched with that of the permanent magnets 16, and the stator 13 and the rotor 14 relatively rotate to generate induction current.

The top end of the stator 13 is rigidly connected with the bottom of the electronic bin 3, and the bottom end of the stator 13 passes through the rotor 14 to be rigidly connected with the top end of the second tool control shaft 12.

And a mud flow passage 11 is formed in the bottom end of the drill collar 1.

The upper disc valve 7 is provided with arc holes 18, the lower disc valve 8 is provided with communication holes 19 which are matched with the arc holes 18 at equal angles and equal intervals, and the bottom ends of the communication holes 19 are correspondingly connected with the mud flow passages 11 in the bottom ends of the drill collars 1.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

The turbine generator operates in a high temperature and high pressure severe environment and is subjected to flushing with high pressure drilling fluid containing solid phase particles for a long time, so that the turbine of the turbine generator and a sealing element thereof are severely worn and need to be replaced irregularly. The invention can reduce the replacement number of the parts and reduce the drilling cost through the arrangement of the single turbine generator.

The control precision of the tool face angle of the stable platform can be influenced by the friction torque of the generator support bearing.

The turbine generator is the weakest link of the automatic vertical drilling tool, and the invention improves the reliability of the tool by reducing the number of turbine generators.

While the conventional automatic vertical drilling tool adopts two turbine generators to perform bidirectional control on the tool control shaft, the invention adopts one turbine generator to perform unidirectional control on the tool control shaft (the length of one turbine generator is about 0.7 m), so that the axial length of the automatic vertical drilling tool is shortened, and the rigidity of the tool control shaft is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged view of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the generator 4 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the stator 13 and the electronic bin 3 of the generator 4 according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the stator 13 of the generator 4 and the second tool control shaft 12.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the upper disc valve 7 of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the bottom wall valve 8 of the present invention.

In the figure, 1, a drill collar, 2, an upper supporting frame, 3, an electronic bin, 4, a generator, 5, a turbine, 6, a lower supporting frame, 7, an upper disc valve, 8, a lower disc valve, 9, a sliding sleeve, 10, a pushing rib plate, 11, a slurry runner, 12, a first tool control shaft, 13, a generator stator, 14, a generator rotor, 15, a winding, 16, a permanent magnet, 17, a second tool control shaft, 18, an arc-shaped hole, 19 and a communication hole.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an automatic vertical drilling device based on turbine generator driving comprises a drill collar 1, an upper support frame 2 is arranged above the inside of the drill collar 1, a first tool control shaft 17 is connected to the inner side of the upper support frame 2, a lower support frame 6 is arranged below the inside of the drill collar 1, a second tool control shaft 12 is connected to the inner side of the lower support frame 6, an electronic bin 3, a generator 4 and a turbine 5 which are connected with each other are sequentially arranged between the first tool control shaft 17 and the second tool control shaft 12, the bottom end of the second tool control shaft 12 is connected with an upper disc valve 7, the upper disc valve 7 is in friction contact with a lower disc valve 8, the bottom of the lower disc valve 8 is rigidly connected with the inner bottom of the drill collar 1, a sliding sleeve 9 is further arranged on the outer wall below the drill collar 1, and a pushing rib plate 10 is arranged in the sliding sleeve 9.

Referring to fig. 3 to 5, the generator 4 includes a stator 13 and a rotor 14 coaxially connected, the outer periphery of the stator 13 surrounds a winding 15, a plurality of permanent magnets 16 are embedded inside the rotor 14, gaps are reserved between the winding 15 and the permanent magnets 16, and the axial length of the winding 15 is adapted to that of the permanent magnets 16.

The stator 13 and the rotor 14 rotate relatively to generate induced current, the drilling fluid washes the turbine 5, the turbine 5 transmits the power of the drilling fluid to the rotor 14 of the generator 4, the relative rotation of the rotor 14 and the stator 13 of the generator 4 generates current for the electronic equipment in the electronic bin 3 to work normally, the generator 4 generates electromagnetic moment acting on the winding 15 in the process of generating current, the electromagnetic moment acts on the second tool control shaft 12 through the winding 15 of the generator 4, the rotation of the tool control shaft 12 is unidirectionally controlled through the electromagnetic moment generated by the generator 4, so that high-pressure slurry is controlled to flow to the high side of a well hole, the pushing rib plate 10 is pushed to act on the well wall, and a pushing force pointing to the low side of the well hole is provided for the drill bit, so that the correction operation is realized.

Referring to fig. 1, a mud flow passage 11 is formed in the bottom end of the drill collar 1.

The electrical and control connections of the device are conventional and are not within the scope of the invention as claimed.

The working principle of the invention is as follows:

Referring to fig. 1, when performing vertical drilling operations, a borehole pump at the wellhead pumps high pressure drilling fluid downhole through the drill string, and when the drilling fluid flushes the turbine 5, the turbine 5 will rotate the generator rotor 14, thereby generating a rotating magnetic field.

The generator stator 13 is provided with windings, and the winding wires cut the magnetic induction wires to generate induction current, and the induction current is guided into the electronic bin 3 through the wires so that the electronic equipment in the electronic bin 3 can work normally.

The generator 4 generates an induction current and simultaneously generates an electromagnetic moment on the winding, the moment acts on the second tool control shaft 12 through the generator stator 13, and the magnitude of the electromagnetic moment is controlled to further control the first tool control shaft, the second tool control shaft and the electronic bin to rotate together.

When the well track needs to be corrected, the magnitude of electromagnetic moment generated by the generator 4 is controlled, so that the second tool control shaft 12 aims at the high side of the well, high-pressure drilling fluid flows through the holes of the upper disc valve 7 and the lower disc valve 8 and acts on the pushing rib plates 10, so that the pushing rib plates 10 on the high side of the well extend out to act on the well wall, a pushing force pointing to the low side of the well is provided for the drill bit, and correction is realized by using the pushing force. When the well track is good and inclination stabilization is needed, the electromagnetic moment generated by the generator 4 is controlled, so that the second tool control shaft 12 is connected with the upper disc valve 7 to perform uniform rotation, the arc-shaped holes 18 of the upper disc valve 7 are sequentially aligned with the communication holes 19 of the lower disc valve 8, high-pressure drilling fluid sequentially flows through the communication holes 19 of the lower disc valve 8 and sequentially acts on the pushing rib plates 10, the pushing rib plates 10 extend to act on the well wall, and the inclination stabilization function is realized by the generated pushing force.

The above embodiments are merely for illustrating the present invention, and not for limiting the present invention, and it should be recognized by those of ordinary skill in the art that variations and modifications may be made to the above embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical spirit of the present invention. These should also fall within the scope of the present invention, which does not affect the utility of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic vertical drilling device driven by a turbine generator, comprising a drill collar (1), characterized in that: an upper support frame (2) is provided on the upper part of the drill collar (1), a first tool control shaft (17) is connected to the inner side of the upper support frame (2), a lower support frame (6) is provided on the lower part of the drill collar (1), a second tool control shaft (12) is connected to the inner side of the lower support frame (6), an electronic warehouse (3), a generator (4), and a turbine (5) are sequentially provided between the first tool control shaft (17) and the second tool control shaft (12), the bottom end of the second tool control shaft (12) is connected to an upper disc valve (7), the upper disc valve (7) is frictionally contacted with a lower disc valve (8), and the bottom of the lower disc valve (8) is in contact with the drill collar (1). The inner bottom wall is rigidly connected; a sliding sleeve (9) is further provided on the outer wall below the drill collar (1), and a pushing rib (10) is provided in the sliding sleeve (9); the generator (4) includes a coaxially connected stator (13) and a rotor (14), the outer periphery of the stator (13) is surrounded by a winding (15), and a plurality of permanent magnets (16) are embedded in the inner side of the rotor (14), a gap is left between the winding (15) and the permanent magnet (16), and the axial lengths of the winding (15) and the permanent magnet (16) are adapted to each other; the stator (13) and the rotor (14) rotate relative to each other to generate an induced current; the top end of the stator (13) is rigidly connected to the bottom of the electronic compartment (3), and the bottom end of the stator (13) passes through the rotor (14) and is rigidly connected to the top end of the second tool control shaft (12).

2. The automatic vertical drilling device driven by a turbine generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that a slurry flow channel (11) is opened inside the bottom end of the drill collar (1).

3. An automatic vertical drilling device driven by a turbine generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: an arc-shaped hole (18) is provided on the upper disc valve (7), and connecting holes (19) adapted to the arc-shaped hole (18) are provided at equal angles and intervals on the lower disc valve (8), and the bottom end of the connecting hole (19) is correspondingly connected to the mud flow channel (11) inside the bottom end of the drill collar (1).