CN115138816A - Integral control method for superheat range of multi-heat continuous casting tundish - Google Patents
Integral control method for superheat range of multi-heat continuous casting tundish Download PDFInfo
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- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 146
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000677 High-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002436 steel type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/18—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring
- B22D11/181—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring responsive to molten metal level or slag level
- B22D11/182—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring responsive to molten metal level or slag level by measuring temperature
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Abstract
The invention relates to an integral control method for the superheat range of a multi-furnace continuous casting tundish, belonging to the technical field of carbon steel smelting. The method takes a batch of continuous casting tundishes with multiple heats as an integral control object, starts and closes plasma heating of the continuous casting tundishes by taking the lower limit of a target interval of the superheat degree of the continuous casting tundishes and the set heating superheat degree as conditions, reduces the range of the superheat degree of all the continuous casting tundishes on the whole, breaks through the thought inertia of controlling the superheat degree of each continuous casting tundish in the production flow, integrally reduces the fluctuation of the temperature of molten steel in the pouring of the continuous casting tundishes, and further improves the stability of continuous casting production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an integral control method for the superheat range of all heat continuous casting tundishes of a limited heat, belonging to the technical field of carbon steel smelting.
Background
In the process that the molten steel enters the continuous casting tundish through the ladle, the temperature of the molten steel is naturally reduced due to natural heat dissipation. In continuous casting production, the temperature of steel entering a continuous casting tundish is required to reach a target temperature, and the target temperature = the liquidus temperature + the superheat degree of a steel grade. For the molten steel entering the continuous casting tundish in different heats, due to the temperature reduction caused by various uncertain factors, the superheat values of the molten steel in different heats from the steel ladle to the tundish are also different, namely the superheat values are generally fluctuant. In order to achieve the target temperature of the continuous casting tundish, the fluctuation range of the degree of superheat needs to be limited. In most cases, the superheat range of molten steel entering a continuous casting tundish from a ladle is required to be within a target range of 15-25 ℃ for medium-high carbon and alloy steel types and within a target range of 20-30 ℃ for low-carbon and ultra-low carbon steel types.
However, in the case of the limited N-number-of-heats continuous casting tundish, the superheat values of all the heats continuous casting tundish do not fall within the above target range, and as shown in fig. 1, there are two curves respectively reflected in the superheat values of the limited heats continuous casting tundish produced to have two kinds of mean superheat values, and both of the two curves are normal distribution curves, that is, the superheat value curves of all the continuous casting tundish are normal distribution curves in the case of the limited heats continuous casting tundish. Fig. 1 shows that the standard deviation σ of the superheat distribution control in the state of the art is about 5 ℃, and it is statistically found that the percentage of the heat tundish having a superheat value falling within the above-mentioned target interval is 47.7%, and that the superheat value of the 52.3% heat continuous casting tundish is not within the above-mentioned target interval. In fig. 1, the range of the superheat value of all the heat continuous casting tundishes reaches 0 to 35 ℃, and such a large range of the superheat value means that the temperature difference between molten steel of the limited N heat continuous casting tundishes is large, which is disadvantageous for continuous casting production. If the subsequent continuous casting crystallizer throwing speed is directly related to the temperature difference of molten steel, the large temperature difference of the molten steel means that the difference of the throwing speed is large, and the more unstable the throwing is. On the contrary, the small temperature difference of the molten steel means that the difference of the throwing speed is small, and the more stable the throwing is.
In order to narrow the range of the superheat value of all the heat continuous casting tundishes of the limited heat, the method is known to minimize the standard deviation sigma of the random normal distribution, so that the proportion of the heat continuous casting tundishes with the superheat value falling within the target interval exceeds 47.7%. The common means is to strengthen the production management and to minimize the time and temperature control between the processes (such as converter tapping, external refining and refining leaving) before the molten steel enters the continuous casting tundish. However, these methods are difficult to achieve the purpose of reducing the range of superheat values of all heat continuous casting tundishes with limited heats due to high implementation cost, difficult organization, multiple involved processes, complex parameter control and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: reducing the range of the superheat value of all heat continuous casting tundishes of limited N heats (multi-heat) so as to reduce the range of the temperature difference of molten steel in all heat continuous casting tundishes of the multi-heat.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the technical scheme that: the integral control method of superheat degree range of multi-furnace continuous casting tundish aims at the range formed by all furnace continuous casting tundishes with limited furnace and superheat degree thereof, the continuous casting tundish is provided with a plasma heating device and a superheat degree continuous measuring device, and the following steps are implemented:
1) Setting target intervals of superheat values of all continuous casting tundishes of the limited heat, wherein the target intervals have an upper limit value, a lower limit value and a middle average value;
2) If the superheat value of the continuous casting tundish during the current heat ladle transfer is measured to be larger than or equal to the lower limit value, the plasma heating device is not started;
3) If the measured overheating value of the continuous casting tundish during the current heat ladle transfer is smaller than the lower limit value, starting the plasma heating device to heat molten steel in the continuous casting tundish at the moment, and stopping the plasma heating device when the measured overheating value of the heated continuous casting tundish reaches a set heating overheating value, wherein the set heating overheating value is any value in the target interval;
4) All continuous casting tundishes with limited heat are implemented according to the steps;
the curve formed by counting the superheat values of all the heat continuous casting tundishes of the limited heat implementing the steps is a positive skewness distribution curve.
The technical scheme is further as follows: setting the mean value of superheat values of all continuous casting tundishes in the condition that the overall control method is not implemented according to claim 1 as a first mean value and the standard deviation of the statistics of the superheat values in a normal distribution curve as a first standard deviation; setting the average value of the superheat values of all the heat continuous casting tundishes as a second average value, and setting the standard deviation of the positive skewness distribution curve as a second standard deviation; the second mean is greater than the first mean, and the second standard deviation is less than the first standard deviation.
The technical scheme is further as follows: and 2) in the step 2), when the overheating value of the continuous casting tundish of the current heat is measured to be smaller than the difference value between the lower limit value and one first standard deviation, starting the plasma heating device to heat the molten steel of the continuous casting tundish of the current heat.
The technical proposal is that further, the method comprises the following steps: the set superheat value is a sum of the lower limit value and one of the first standard deviations.
The technical scheme is further as follows: the density function of the positive skewness distribution curve is expressed by the following formula (1):
in formula (1), the function T (a) is expressed by the following formula (2):
in formulae (1) and (2), x is a temperature variable; a and b are Gamma function characteristic parameters which are determined by specific temperature distribution data; e is a natural constant, 2.718; dx is the differential to x.
The technical scheme is further perfected as follows: the target interval is 15-25 deg.C or 20-30 deg.C, and the limited times are more than or equal to 300 times.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the inventor jumps out the conventional custom thinking of reducing the standard deviation sigma by aiming at the normal distribution of all the heat continuous casting tundishes of a limited heat, develops a new way, specially aims at the continuous casting tundishes after the transfer of the heat continuous casting tundishes with superheat values lower than the lower limit value of a target interval, takes a plurality of continuous casting tundishes of a batch of multiple heats as an overall control object, starts and closes the plasma heating of the continuous casting tundishes by taking the lower limit value of the superheat target interval of the continuous casting tundishes and a set heating superheat value as conditions to forcibly heat the continuous casting tundishes of the furnaces so as to improve the superheat values of the continuous casting tundishes of the furnaces, reduces the range of the superheat values of all the heat continuous casting tundishes from the whole of the batch of multiple heats, namely the superheat values of all the heat continuous casting tundishes do not follow the normal distribution rule any more and become the normal-state distribution of the abnormal distribution (as shown in figures 3 and 5). The invention breaks through the conventional habit of focusing on heating in the previous production procedure or heating the continuous casting tundish only when a single continuous casting tundish or even a single heat ladle is transferred to control the superheat degree, so that the temperature difference range of molten steel in all continuous casting tundishes with multiple heats is reduced, namely the fluctuation of the molten steel temperature in the pouring of the continuous casting tundish with multiple heats is integrally reduced, the integral temperature stability of the molten steel in all heat continuous casting tundishes is improved, and the stability of the pouring of the continuous casting tundish and the subsequent blank drawing speed is improved.
The overall control method for the superheat degree range of the multi-furnace continuous casting tundish needs to be particularly explained as follows: 1. the multi-heat is directed to all continuous casting tundishes (usually, dozens of continuous casting tundishes) of a limited heat (a batch of transfer ladles), and is not directed to a continuous casting tundish or a certain continuous casting tundish at a certain heat; 2. the superheat value range refers to a range interval obtained by counting all superheat values of all continuous casting tundishes of a limited heat, and is not a single superheat value or a few superheat values of a certain heat or a certain continuous casting tundish; 3. the integral control is to heat all continuous casting tundishes of limited heat by selecting the continuous casting tundishes which meet the set conditions, so that the range formed by all the overheating values of all the continuous casting tundishes is controlled to be reduced, namely, the control method of the invention is a method for integrally controlling the range formed by a series of overheating values of a plurality of continuous casting tundishes of a plurality of heats; 4. as known to the inventor of the present invention, the current superheat degree control of the continuous casting tundish is generally limited to heating control of the superheat degree value of a single heat continuous casting tundish in the production process or adjustment of the previous process of the production process to realize control of the superheat degree value of the single heat continuous casting tundish in the production process, and a method for integrally controlling a range formed by a series of superheat degree values of a batch of continuous casting tundishes with multiple heats as an object is not seen.
Drawings
The overall control method of the superheat range of the multi-furnace continuous casting tundish is further explained with reference to the attached drawings.
FIG. 1 is a two-normal distribution curve representing the statistics of superheat values of a conventional limited heat continuous casting tundish produced with two different mean superheat values.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing a normal distribution of superheat values of a 300-pass continuous casting tundish according to a conventional production process in the first example.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing a positive skew distribution of superheat values in a further 300-heat continuous casting tundish employing a control method according to one embodiment.
Fig. 4 is a graph obtained by combining the curves in fig. 2 and fig. 3.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing a forward biased distribution of superheat values of a 300-heat continuous casting tundish after parameter changes in some steps of a control method according to an embodiment.
Detailed Description
Example one
In this embodiment, for the continuous casting production of a certain steel grade, the continuous casting tundish is provided with a plasma heating device and a superheat degree continuous measuring device, for comparison, two batches of continuous casting tundishes with 300 heats (total 600 heats) are counted, and if one continuous casting tundish is averagely transferred to 10 heats, 30 continuous casting tundishes are counted. The first 300 heats of continuous casting tundish are poured according to the existing process flow (converter smelting → tapping → argon blowing refining → continuous casting tundish → molten steel forming), and the superheat value distribution curve of the finished 300 heats of continuous casting tundish is shown in fig. 2. As can be seen from fig. 2, the superheat value distribution curve is a normal distribution curve, wherein the mean value of the superheat value of the continuous casting tundish of the 300 times of the batch is set as the first mean value =15.415 ℃, the standard deviation of the normal distribution curve of the superheat value of the continuous casting tundish of the 300 times of the batch is set as the first standard deviation =5.016 ℃. Apprxeq.5 ℃, and the temperature range of the superheat value of the continuous casting tundish of the 300 times of the batch is 0-35 ℃.
For the second 300-heat continuous casting tundish, except for the existing process flow, the implementation steps of the overall control method for the superheat degree range of the multi-heat continuous casting tundish in the embodiment adopted in the continuous casting tundish casting process are as follows:
1) In the embodiment, the target interval of the superheat value of the continuous casting tundish is set to be 10-25 ℃, the target interval has an upper limit value of 25 ℃, a lower limit value of 15 ℃ and a mean average value of 20 ℃;
2) And if the superheat value of the continuous casting tundish during the current heat ladle transfer is measured to be larger than or equal to the lower limit value of 15 ℃, the plasma heating device is not started, and the continuous casting is continued. For the present embodiment, for example, the degree of superheat Δ T of a tundish after pouring is measured in a continuous casting tundish during ladle transfer for a certain heat TD If the temperature is higher than 10 ℃, the plasma heating device is not started. All the continuous casting tundishes of 300 heats meeting the condition of the step are carried out according to the step, and the detailed description is omitted.
3) And if the measured overheating value of the continuous casting tundish during the ladle transfer of the current heat is smaller than the lower limit value of 15 ℃, starting the plasma heating device. For the present embodiment, for example, after the continuous casting tundish starts to pour during the transfer of another heat ladle, the temperature drops, and the degree of superheat Δ TTD =7 ℃ of the continuous casting tundish is measured when the ladle reaches the 3 rd minute, at which time the plasma heating device starts to heat the molten steel of the current continuous casting tundish. In this embodiment, the degree of superheat of the continuous casting tundish at the time of starting heating is less than 10 ℃ (i.e., the difference between the lower limit value of 15 ℃ and a first standard deviation), in addition to being less than 15 ℃ which is the target interval lower limit value. After the heating is started, the measured overheating value of the continuous casting tundish is ensured to reach the set overheating value, and the set overheating value of the continuous casting tundish of the furnace is set to be 16 ℃ (a certain value in a target interval of 15-25 ℃ is selected according to the actual production condition).
When the superheat value of the continuous casting tundish reaches the set heating superheat value of 16 ℃ when the pouring time reaches 18 th minute, the heating of the plasma heating device is stopped. The continuous casting tundish during the transfer of the heat ladle lasts for 15 minutes (18 minutes-3 minutes) from the beginning to the end of heating, the temperature is raised to 9 ℃ (16 ℃ -7 ℃), and the heating power is set to 2000kw. All the continuous casting tundishes of 300 heats meeting the condition of the step are executed according to the step, and the detailed description is omitted.
4) All the continuous casting tundishes of the 300-pass of the present example were carried out according to the above-described steps 1) to 3).
After all the continuous casting tundishes of 300 heats are performed according to the above steps 1) -3), the average value of the superheat values of the continuous casting tundishes of 300 heats is counted as a second average value, and a curve composed of the superheat values of the continuous casting tundishes of 300 heats is determined to be a positive skewing distribution (Gamma function distribution) curve, as shown in fig. 3, and the density function of the Gamma distribution is expressed by the following formula (1):
in formula (1), the function T (a) is expressed by the following formula (2):
in formulae (1) and (2), x is a temperature variable; a and b are Gamma function characteristic parameters and are determined by specific temperature distribution data; e is a natural constant, 2.718; dx differentiates x.
The standard deviation of the positive skewness distribution curve was set as the second standard deviation, and the second mean =16.71 ℃ and the second standard deviation =3.82 ℃ were calculated.
Compared with the 300-heat continuous casting tundish (i.e. adopting the existing process flow) which is not implemented with the steps 1) to 3) of the embodiment, the second mean value is 16.71 ℃ and is greater than the first mean value 15.415 ℃, and the second standard deviation is 3.82 ℃ and is less than the first standard deviation of 5.016 ℃ (5 ℃). As can be seen from fig. 3, the range of the superheat value of the 300-heat continuous casting tundish after the implementation of the steps 1) to 3) of the above embodiment is 10 to 30 ℃, which is 15 ℃ smaller than the range of the superheat value of the 300-heat continuous casting tundish employing the conventional process flow, which is 0 to 35 ℃ (as shown in fig. 2).
In addition, the curve shown in fig. 3 of this embodiment is taken out and put together with the normal distribution curve shown in fig. 2 to form fig. 4, where the solid line in fig. 4 is the normal distribution curve and the broken line is the normal skewed distribution curve. As can be seen from fig. 4, the continuous casting tundish superheat value at the start of the heating pass is shifted from the portion below 10 ℃ (hatched portion in the figure) to the portion above 10 ℃ (hatched portion in the figure) superimposed with the continuous casting tundish superheat value at the non-heating pass, thereby forming a distribution curve (dotted line) in a positive bias state.
Example two
This embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment, and 300 heats of continuous casting tundish are taken and implemented according to the overall control method of the first embodiment, except that:
(1) The target interval of the superheat value of the continuous casting tundish is set to be 15-25 ℃.
(2) When the step 2) is carried out, the lower limit value for starting the plasma heating is 15 ℃. Measuring superheat degree deltaT of tundish after pouring for continuous casting tundish during transfer of ladle of certain heat TD If the temperature is higher than 15 ℃, the plasma heating device is not started.
(3) The set heating superheat values of the continuous casting tundish performed according to the step 3) are different. Measuring the degree of superheat DeltaT of a continuous casting tundish after pouring, e.g. during transfer of another heat of the tundish TD If the temperature is not less than 11 ℃, starting a plasma heating device to heat the molten steel of the continuous casting tundish according to the step 3); the set heating superheat value to be reached for the heating setting is 20 ℃ (equal to the sum of the target interval lower limit 15 ℃ plus the first standard deviation 5 ℃), that is, when the superheat value of the hot continuous casting tundish measured after the heating is started reaches 20 ℃, the heating of the plasma heating device is stopped.
In the present example, after the 300-heat continuous casting tundish was completely used, the curve consisting of the superheat values of the 300-heat continuous casting tundish is shown in fig. 5, and it can be seen that the positive skewing distribution (Gamma function distribution) curve of fig. 5 is steeper than that of the first example, fig. 3, and the second mean value of the superheat values of the 300-heat continuous casting tundish was calculated to be 18.91 ℃, which is further increased than 16.71 ℃, and the second standard deviation was calculated to be 2.22 ℃, which is further decreased than 3.82 ℃, while the temperature range of the superheat values of the 300-heat continuous casting tundish was changed to 15-30 ℃, which is further decreased.
The invention is not limited to the specific technical solutions of the above embodiments. All technical solutions formed by adopting equivalent substitutions are the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A multi-furnace continuous casting tundish superheat degree range integral control method aims at the range formed by all continuous casting tundishes transferred by a limited furnace ladle and superheat degrees thereof, the continuous casting tundish is provided with a plasma heating device and a superheat degree continuous measuring device, and the method comprises the following steps:
1) Setting a target interval of superheat values of all continuous casting tundishes of the limited heat, wherein the target interval has an upper limit value, a lower limit value and a middle average value;
2) If the superheat value of the continuous casting tundish during the current heat ladle transfer is measured to be larger than or equal to the lower limit value, the plasma heating device is not started;
3) If the measured overheating value of the continuous casting tundish during the current heat ladle transfer is smaller than the lower limit value, starting the plasma heating device to heat molten steel in the continuous casting tundish at the moment, and stopping the plasma heating device when the measured overheating value of the heated continuous casting tundish reaches a set heating overheating value, wherein the set heating overheating value is any value in the target interval;
4) All continuous casting tundishes with limited heat are implemented according to the steps;
the curve formed by counting the superheat values of all the heat continuous casting tundishes of the limited heat implementing the steps is a positive skewness distribution curve.
2. The overall control method according to claim 1, characterized in that:
setting the mean value of superheat values of all continuous casting tundishes in the condition that the overall control method is not implemented according to claim 1 as a first mean value and the standard deviation of the statistics of the superheat values in a normal distribution curve as a first standard deviation;
setting the average value of the superheat values of all the heat continuous casting tundishes as a second average value, and setting the standard deviation of the positive skewness distribution curve as a second standard deviation;
the second mean is greater than the first mean, and the second standard deviation is less than the first standard deviation.
3. The overall control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: and 2) in the step 2), when the overheating value of the continuous casting tundish of the current heat is measured to be smaller than the difference value between the lower limit value and one first standard deviation, starting the plasma heating device to heat the molten steel of the continuous casting tundish of the current heat.
4. The overall control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the set superheat value is a sum of the lower limit value and one of the first standard deviations.
5. The overall control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the density function of the positive skewness distribution curve is expressed by the following formula (1):
in formula (1), the function T (a) is expressed by the following formula (2):
in formulae (1) and (2), x is a temperature variable; a and b are Gamma function characteristic parameters which are determined by specific temperature distribution data; e is a natural constant, 2.718; dx is the differential to x.
6. The overall control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the target interval is 15-25 deg.C or 20-30 deg.C, and the limited times are more than or equal to 300 times.
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