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CN115119289B - UWB tag working method, device, UWB tag and storage medium - Google Patents

UWB tag working method, device, UWB tag and storage medium

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Publication number
CN115119289B
CN115119289B CN202110761474.8A CN202110761474A CN115119289B CN 115119289 B CN115119289 B CN 115119289B CN 202110761474 A CN202110761474 A CN 202110761474A CN 115119289 B CN115119289 B CN 115119289B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
state
uwb
uwb tag
data frame
tag
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN202110761474.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN115119289A (en
Inventor
张烨
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
Original Assignee
Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd filed Critical Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
Priority to PCT/CN2022/073874 priority Critical patent/WO2022193843A1/en
Priority to EP22770203.2A priority patent/EP4307775A4/en
Publication of CN115119289A publication Critical patent/CN115119289A/en
Priority to US18/469,504 priority patent/US20240031932A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN115119289B publication Critical patent/CN115119289B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00Power management, e.g. Transmission Power Control [TPC] or power classes
    • H04W52/02Power saving arrangements
    • H04W52/0209Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
    • H04W52/0225Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/38Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
    • H04B1/40Circuits
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W64/00Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses a working method and device of a UWB tag, the UWB tag and a storage medium, and belongs to the technical field of UWB. The method comprises the steps of responding to the UWB label in a first state, controlling the UWB transceiver to be in a first receiving and transmitting state, wherein the first state belongs to a target state set, responding to a state transition event, switching the UWB label from the first state to a second state, and controlling the UWB transceiver to be in a second receiving and transmitting state, and the second state belongs to the target state set. The working state of the UWB tag has periodicity, so the controller is utilized to transmit and receive the UWB transceiver based on the state and the state transition event, the normal working of the UWB tag is ensured, the control flow is simplified, the cost of the UWB tag can be reduced, the power consumption of the UWB tag can be reduced, and the service life of the UWB tag is prolonged.

Description

UWB tag working method and device, UWB tag and storage medium
The present application claims priority from chinese patent application No. 202110296068.9 entitled "working method of UWB tag, device, UWB tag and storage medium" filed on 19/03/2021, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
Technical Field
The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of UWB (Ultra Wide Band), in particular to a working method and device of an Ultra Wide Band (UWB) tag, the UWB tag and a storage medium
Background
The UWB technology is a wireless carrier communication technology, which does not use a sinusoidal carrier, but uses non-sinusoidal narrow pulses of nanosecond level to transmit data, so that the occupied spectrum range is wide, and the data transmission rate can reach more than several hundred megabits per second.
In the application scene, the UWB technology has the advantages of low system complexity, low power spectrum density of the transmitted signal, insensitivity to channel fading, low interception capability, high positioning accuracy and the like, and is particularly suitable for high-speed wireless access in indoor and other dense multipath places.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a working method and device of a UWB tag, the UWB tag and a storage medium. The technical scheme is as follows:
In one aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for operating a UWB tag, where a UWB transceiver is provided in the UWB tag, the method includes:
Controlling the UWB transceiver to be in a first transceiving state in response to the UWB tag being in a first state, wherein the first state belongs to a target state set;
And responding to a state transition event, switching the UWB tag from the first state to a second state, and controlling the UWB transceiver to be in a second transceiving state, wherein the second state belongs to the target state set.
In another aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an apparatus for operating a UWB tag, the apparatus including:
The first control module is used for responding to the UWB tag in a first state, the UWB transceiver is in a first receiving and transmitting state, and the first state belongs to a target state set;
and the second control module is used for responding to a state transition event, switching the UWB tag from the first state to a second state and controlling the UWB transceiver to be in a second receiving and transmitting state, wherein the second state belongs to the target state set.
In another aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a UWB tag comprising a UWB transceiver and a controller;
the UWB transceiver is electrically connected with the controller;
The UWB transceiver is used for receiving and transmitting data frames on a channel;
the controller is used for:
Controlling the UWB transceiver to be in a first transceiving state in response to the UWB tag being in a first state, wherein the first state belongs to a target state set;
And responding to a state transition event, switching the UWB tag from the first state to a second state, and controlling the UWB transceiver to be in a second transceiving state, wherein the second state belongs to the target state set.
In another aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a computer readable storage medium having stored therein at least one program code loaded and executed by a processor or finite state machine to implement a method of operating a UWB tag as described in the above aspects.
In another aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a computer program product or computer program comprising computer instructions stored in a computer readable storage medium. The controller of the UWB tag reads the computer instructions from a computer readable storage medium and the processor executes the computer instructions so that the UWB tag performs the method of operating the UWB tag provided in various alternative implementations of the above aspects.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application can bring the following beneficial effects:
According to the embodiment of the application, the controller is arranged in the UWB tag, the receiving and transmitting state of the UWB transceiver is controlled by the controller based on the state of the UWB tag, and when the state transition event is triggered, the state of the UWB tag is switched, and the receiving and transmitting state of the UWB transceiver is adjusted.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of an implementation environment of an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method of operation of a UWB tag provided by an exemplary embodiment of the application;
FIG. 3 is a state transition diagram of a UWB tag when it implements a spatial awareness function;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the change in operating state of a UWB tag when it implements a spatial perception function;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the implementation of a process of receiving a data frame by a terminal device when implementing a spatial awareness function;
FIG. 6 is a state transition diagram of the UWB tag when it implements an item location function;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the change in operating conditions of the UWB tag when it implements the item location function;
FIGS. 8 and 9 are timing diagrams of the interaction of a terminal device with a UWB tag under different conditions;
FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of an implementation of the UWB tag operation process as shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 11 shows a block diagram of the operation of the UWB tag according to one embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 12 shows a block diagram of the structure of a UWB tag provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
UWB tags are commonly used as controlled (slave) terminals to assist terminal devices in achieving specific functions. For example, to provide spatial location awareness capabilities to the terminal device, the UWB tag may be bound to an internet of things (Internet Of Things, ioT) device, thereby characterizing the IoT device through the UWB tag. In the working state, the UWB tag sends a data frame on a channel, and the terminal equipment determines the relative position relationship between the UWB tag and the terminal equipment by receiving the data frame, so as to determine the UWB tag facing the terminal equipment, and further control the IoT equipment represented by the UWB tag.
For another example, to enable a user to locate a lost-prone item (e.g., a key, purse, etc.) via a terminal device, the user may pre-place a UWB tag with the lost-prone item. When the easy-to-lose article is positioned, the terminal equipment performs data frame interaction with the UWB tag, so that the distance and the angle between the UWB tag and the terminal equipment are determined based on the interacted data frame, and the position where the UWB tag is positioned is displayed on the terminal equipment based on the determined distance and the determined angle, so that a user can quickly position the easy-to-lose article according to the displayed position.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic diagram of an implementation environment of an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown, including a terminal device 110, at least one IoT device 120, and a UWB tag 130.
The terminal device 110 is a device with a spatial location awareness capability, which means that the terminal device 110 can perceive the spatial location relationship of other devices. The terminal device 110 may be a portable electronic device such as a smart phone, a tablet computer, a smart remote control, a smart watch, etc.
In an embodiment of the present application, the spatial location awareness capabilities of the terminal device 110 are implemented by means of UWB components, as well as UWB tags 130 that characterize IoT devices. The terminal device 110 may communicate with the UWB tag 130 through the UWB component, that is, the terminal device 110 may receive a data frame transmitted by the UWB tag 130 on the target channel through the UWB component and determine a spatial positional relationship between the terminal device 110 and the UWB tag 130 according to the data frame transmitted by the UWB tag 130.
Alternatively, the UWB component may be separate from the terminal device 130, or the UWB component may be independent of the terminal device 130, that is, the terminal device 110 may have a function of UWB communication with the UWB tag 130 when the terminal device 110 is equipped with the UWB component, and the terminal device 110 may not be able to UWB communicate with the UWB tag 130 when the terminal device 110 is equipped with the UWB component. In this application scenario, the UWB component may be packaged as a terminal accessory, for example, the UWB component may be a terminal accessory such as a mobile phone case, a mobile phone protective case, a mobile phone pendant, and the like.
Alternatively, the UWB component may be disposed inside the terminal device 110, that is, the UWB component is built into the terminal device 110, so that the terminal device 110 may perform UWB communication with the UWB tag 130 through the UWB component.
IoT device 120 is an electronic device that may establish a data communication connection with terminal device 110, which may be a smart television 122, a smart sound box 121, a smart door lock 123, a smart refrigerator, a smart air conditioner, a smart light fixture, an in-vehicle air conditioner, and the like. The above data communication connection means that the IoT device 120 and the terminal device 110 may exchange information through a data communication connection, and the data communication connection may be a WiFi connection, a bluetooth connection, an infrared connection, or the like, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
In an embodiment of the present application, UWB tag 130 is used to characterize IoT device 120, and UWB tag 130 is independent of IoT device 120. Independent means that UWB tag 130 is a device independent of IoT device 120 that is capable of being sold as a product alone, rather than being integrated within IoT device 120 as part of IoT device 120, nor is it an essential component of IoT device 120. And after the binding between the UWB tag 130 and the IoT device 120 is completed, the UWB tag 130 and the IoT device 120 do not have a data communication connection relationship, but only have a mapping relationship, and the mapping relationship refers to the IoT device 120 that can determine its characterization through the UWB tag 130. As shown in fig. 1, UWB tag 131 is used to characterize IoT device 121, UWB tag 132 is used to characterize IoT device 122, and UWB tag 132 is used to characterize IoT device 123.
Regarding the manner in which the UWB tag 130 is powered, in one possible design, the UWB tag 130 is provided with a separate power supply that is either a replaceable power supply, a non-replaceable power supply, or a rechargeable power supply, and in another possible design, the UWB tag 130 is powered (but not in data communication) by the IoT device 120, the manner in which the IoT device 120 is powered includes wired (such as through a charging wire) or wireless (such as through a wireless charging coil).
In the embodiment of the present application, in the working state, the UWB tag 130 transmits a data frame to the terminal device 110 on the target channel. After the terminal device 110 receives the data frame on the target channel, determines the IoT device 120 characterized by the UWB tag 130, and establishes a data communication connection with the IoT device 120, thereby controlling the IoT device 120 through the data communication connection.
In another possible application scenario, UWB tag 134 is placed with an item (such as a key, purse, umbrella, etc. non-smart item) (in fig. 1 with a key) for item location. In operation, UWB tag 134 transmits data frames over the target channel, and when terminal 110 turns on the article positioning function, data frames are transmitted to UWB tag 134 over the target channel. When the UWB tag 134 receives the data frame on the target channel, the data frame is sent to the terminal 110 again, so that the terminal 110 determines the distance and angle between the UWB tag 134 and itself based on the two received data frames, and displays the distance and angle, thereby facilitating the user to quickly locate the object.
The UWB tag may be used only for positioning an article, may be used only for sensing a device space, and may have both functions of positioning an article and sensing a device space (may be switched between the two functions), which is not limited in this embodiment.
Referring to fig. 2, a flowchart of a method for operating a UWB tag according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown, where the method is applied to the UWB tag shown in fig. 1, and the method includes:
in response to the UWB tag being in the first state, the UWB transceiver is controlled to be in a first transceiving state, the first state belonging to the target state set, step 201.
In the embodiment of the application, the UWB tag is provided with the UWB transceiver and the controller, and the controller is electrically connected with the UWB transceiver and is used for controlling the receiving and transmitting state of the UWB transceiver. The UWB transceiver comprises a Receiver (RX) and a Transmitter (TX), and the receiving and transmitting states of the UWB transceiver comprise a receiving on state (the receiver is on, the transmitter is off), a transmitting on state (the transmitter is on, the receiver is off) and an off state (the receiver and the transmitter are off).
In one possible implementation, the controller corresponds to a set of target states, where the set of target states is a set of states in which the UWB tag is operating, and states included in the set of target states support state transitions between states. Correspondingly, in the working process, the state of the UWB tag is transferred between states in the target state set. When the UWB tag is in different states, the receiving and transmitting functions to be realized are different, so that the UWB tag controls the receiving and transmitting states of the UWB transceiver through the controller. Wherein the first transceiving state in which the UWB transceiver is located is determined based on the first state in which the UWB tag is located.
In one possible design, the controller is a microprocessor control unit (MicroController Unit, MCU). The MCU controls a UWB transceiver (transmitter) in the UWB tag to transmit and receive data frames.
However, since UWB tags are generally powered by an internal battery, and the internal battery does not support replacement, how to reduce power consumption of the UWB tag in an operating state, and thus extending the service life of the UWB tag is an urgent problem to be solved. Since the UWB tag operates as a controlled terminal with periodicity in its operating state, in another possible design, the control device in the UWB tag is a finite state machine (FINITE STATE MACHINE, FSM), i.e., the UWB transceiver is controlled by the finite state machine (the target state set is a finite state set of the finite state machine). Under the working state, the finite state machine can control the receiving and transmitting state of the UWB transceiver based on the state of the UWB tag, can respond to the triggered state transition event, switch the state of the UWB tag, adjust the receiving and transmitting state of the UWB transceiver, and realize the function of the UWB tag.
In some embodiments, the finite state machine is comprised of registers for storing parameters required to effect the state transitions and combinational logic circuitry for effecting the state transitions and controlling the transmit and receive states of the UWB transceiver.
Optionally, when the UWB tag is used for realizing at least two functions, at least two finite state machines are arranged in the UWB tag, the at least two finite state machines are electrically connected with the UWB transceiver, and only one finite state machine is in a working state at the same time.
Step 202, responding to the state transition event, switching the UWB tag from the first state to the second state, and controlling the UWB transceiver to be in the second transceiving state, wherein the second state belongs to the target state set.
In one possible embodiment, in the first state, if a state transition instruction corresponding to a state transition event is received, the controller controls the UWB tag to switch the state of the UWB tag from the first state to the second state (also belonging to the target state set). The second state may be a state different from the first state, may be the same state as the first state, and the state transition instruction may be transmitted by the UWB transceiver, such as a completion instruction transmitted when the UWB transceiver completes transmission of a data frame, a listening result instruction (indicating whether the channel is idle) transmitted when the UWB transceiver completes channel listening, or may be transmitted by a timer, such as an expiration instruction transmitted when the timer reaches a timing duration.
The transceiver function required to be implemented by the UWB tag in the second state may be the same as the transceiver function required to be implemented by the UWB tag in the first state, so when the UWB tag is switched to the second state, the UWB tag needs to adjust the transceiver state of the UWB transceiver by using the controller, so that the UWB transceiver is in the second transceiver state corresponding to the second state.
In the subsequent process, when a state transition event exists, the working state of the UWB tag is further changed, and the controller further adjusts the receiving and transmitting state of the UWB transceiver, which is not described herein.
Since the state of the UWB tag after switching is different for different state transition events in the same state, in one possible implementation, the state switching process of the UWB tag may include the following steps.
1. In response to the state transition event, a second state corresponding to the state transition event is determined based on the first state and the state transition relationship, the state transition relationship being used to characterize transition relationships between states in the set of target states.
The transition relationships between states in the target state set are referred to as state transition relationships, which may be represented by a table (state transition table) or a graph (state transition graph) and implemented by the controller. For example, when the controller is a finite state machine, the state transitions may be implemented by combinational logic circuits in the finite state machine.
In one possible implementation, the state transition relationship includes a state and a state transition event, where the state transition event is used to trigger a switch between different states (e.g., the state transition event triggers a switch from an a state to a B state), or to trigger a state switch itself (i.e., the state transition event triggers a hold of the a state).
Since the same state may be switched to different states under different state transition events, the controller determines the state corresponding to the end point as the second state by taking the first state as the start point and the state transition event as the path in the state transition relation.
In one illustrative example, the state transition relationships are shown in Table one.
List one
Initial state State transition event Transition state
State 1 Event A State 2
State 1 Event B State 3
When the first state is state 1 and the state transition event is event a, the controller determines that the second state is state 2 based on the state transition relationship, and when the state transition event is event B, the controller determines that the second state is state 3 based on the state transition relationship.
2. The UWB tag is switched from the first state to the second state.
Further, the controller switches the UWB tag from the first state to the second state, and adjusts the receiving and transmitting state of the UWB transceiver accordingly.
In summary, in the embodiment of the application, the controller is arranged in the UWB tag, and is used for controlling the receiving and transmitting state of the UWB transceiver based on the state of the UWB tag, and switching the state of the UWB tag to adjust the receiving and transmitting state of the UWB transceiver when the state transition event is triggered.
In addition, by adopting the scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the normal operation of the UWB tag can be realized by using the UWB transceiver plus the FSM, and an MCU is not required to be arranged in the UWB tag, so that on one hand, the manufacturing cost of the UWB tag can be reduced, and on the other hand, the power consumption of the finite state machine is far lower than that of the MCU, so that the power consumption of the UWB tag can be further reduced, and the service life of the UWB tag is prolonged.
In the working state, the UWB labels with different functions perform different transceiving operations. For example, the UWB tag for realizing space sensing in fig. 1 only needs to transmit data frames in the working state, but does not need to receive data frames (only does not transmit or receive), and the UWB tag for realizing object positioning in fig. 1 needs to transmit data frames in the working state, and also needs to receive data frames transmitted by the terminal device. Therefore, in UWB tags with different functions, the set of target states corresponding to the controller is different, and the corresponding state transition relationships are also different. The operation of the UWB tag with different functions will be described using exemplary embodiments.
In a possible implementation manner, when the UWB tag is used to implement the spatial awareness function, the set of target states corresponding to the controller includes a sleep state, a transmit state, a wait state, and a listen state, and the corresponding state transition relationships are shown in fig. 3.
When the space sensing function is implemented, the UWB tag needs to periodically transmit a data frame on a target channel (transmission state) and sleep for a period of time after the data frame transmission is completed (sleep state). In addition, since the UWB tag only transmits and does not receive, and other UWB tags for realizing space sensing may exist in the same space, in order to avoid mutual influence caused by transmitting data frames on the target channel by multiple UWB tags at the same time, the UWB tag needs to first monitor (monitor state) the target channel before transmitting the data frames, so as to determine the channel state of the target channel. And when the channel state of the target channel is in an occupied state, the UWB tag needs to wait for a period of time (waiting state) and re-monitor the channel after waiting is finished.
Based on the current state of the UWB tag, the controller controls the state of the UWB transceiver as follows.
1. In response to the UWB tag being in a sleep state or a wait state, the UWB transceiver is controlled to be in an off state.
In order to reduce the power consumption of the UWB tag, the UWB tag enters a sleep state after completing the transmission of the data frame, and in the sleep state, the controller controls the UWB transceiver to be in an off state, i.e., the UWB tag neither transmits the data frame on the target channel nor receives the data frame on the target channel.
Illustratively, as shown in fig. 4, after the data frame is transmitted, the UWB tag enters a sleep state, and both RX and TX of the UWB transceiver are in an off state.
In the waiting state, in order to avoid interference to data frames sent by other UWB tags on the target channel, and reduce power consumption of the UWB tags, the controller also controls the UWB transceiver to be in a closed state after entering the waiting state.
Illustratively, as shown in FIG. 4, after the UWB tag enters a wait state, both RX and TX of the UWB transceiver are in an off state.
2. In response to the UWB tag being in a transmitting state, the UWB transceiver is controlled to be in a transmitting on state.
In the transmitting state, in order for the terminal device to receive the data frame transmitted by the UWB tag on the target channel, thereby determining the spatial positional relationship with the UWB tag based on the data frame, when the UWB tag is in the transmitting state, the controller needs to control the transmitter in the UWB transceiver to be in an on state to transmit the data frame in a broadcast manner on the target channel through the transmitter. Optionally, the receiver in the UWB transceiver is in an off state when in a transmit on state.
Illustratively, as shown in fig. 4, in the transmit state, the TX of the UWB transceiver is on and the RX is off.
3. And controlling the UWB transceiver to be in a receiving on state in response to the UWB tag being in the listening state.
In the listening state, in order to determine whether other UWB tags exist on the target channel to transmit data frames, the controller needs to control the receiver in the UWB transceiver to be in an on state, so that target channel listening is achieved through the receiver. It should be noted that channel interception is only one monitoring and evaluating of channel state, and it is not necessary to receive and parse data frames sent by other UWB tags on the target channel, i.e. UWB tags can keep extremely low power consumption in the channel interception process.
Optionally, the transmitter in the UWB transceiver is in an off state when in a receive on state.
Illustratively, as shown in fig. 4, in the listening state, the RX of the UWB transceiver is on and the TX is off.
In some embodiments, the UWB tag listens to the target channel through the receiver for a backoff period (e.g., 320 us) or at a point in time.
In one possible implementation, the interception mode adopted when the UWB tag listens to the target channel includes at least one of energy detection and carrier detection. Optionally, if the target channel is monitored by adopting an energy detection mode, when the energy of the target channel is greater than the energy threshold, the target channel is determined to be in an occupied state, and when the energy of the target channel is less than the energy threshold, the target channel is determined to be in an idle state.
If the target channel is monitored by adopting a carrier detection mode, when a carrier signal with a preset frequency exists on the target channel, the target channel is determined to be in an occupied state, and when the carrier signal with the preset frequency does not exist on the target channel, the target channel is determined to be in an idle state.
In the embodiment of the application, the data frame contains information capable of indicating the IoT device characterized by the UWB tag. Correspondingly, the terminal equipment receives the data frame sent by the UWB tag on the target channel, and further determines the IoT equipment represented by the UWB tag according to the information contained in the data frame, so as to realize control of the IoT equipment.
Accordingly, the controller determines the second state corresponding to the different first states and state transition events, including the following possibilities.
1. And in response to the first state being a dormant state and the dormant period being reached, determining the listening state as a second state based on a state transition relationship.
In the working state, the UWB tag periodically transmits and sleeps the data frames, when the time length of entering the sleep state reaches the sleep time length, the UWB tag needs to wake up again and transmit the data frames, and channel interception is needed before the data frames are transmitted. Therefore, in the state transition relation, the state transition event triggering the switch from the sleep state to the interception state is the sleep time.
Schematically, as shown in fig. 3, in the sleep state, when an arrival instruction sent by a timer is received (the timing duration of the timer is the sleep duration), the controller determines the listening state as the second state, and switches the UWB tag to the listening state, so as to control the receiver of the UWB transceiver to be turned on, and realize target channel listening.
The dormancy time is a preset fixed time.
2. Responsive to the first state being a transmit state and the UWB transceiver completing data frame transmission, a sleep state is determined to be a second state based on the state transition relationship.
In order to reduce the power consumption of the UWB tag, the UWB tag in the operating state is put in a sleep state most of the time, and in the state transition relationship, a state transition event triggering the switching from the transmitting state to the sleep state is completed for the data frame transmission.
Illustratively, as shown in fig. 3, in the transmitting state, when receiving a transmission completion instruction sent by the UWB transceiver, the controller determines the sleep state as the second state, and switches the UWB tag to the sleep state, thereby controlling the UWB transceiver to be turned off and reducing power consumption of the UWB tag.
3. And determining the interception state as a second state based on the state transition relation in response to the first state being a waiting state and the waiting time being reached.
In one possible implementation, when it is detected that the target channel is occupied, the UWB tag enters a wait state, wherein the wait time of the wait state is a random delay time. In order for the UWB tag to normally transmit a data frame so as to be perceived by the terminal device, the UWB tag needs to end a waiting state, resume transmission of the data frame, and need to perform channel listening before transmitting the data frame. Therefore, in the state transition relation, the state transition event triggering the switching from the waiting state to the interception state is the waiting time.
Optionally, the UWB tag performs random time delay based on ALOHA protocol.
Schematically, as shown in fig. 3, in the waiting state, when receiving the arrival instruction sent by the timer (the timing duration of the timer is the waiting duration), the controller determines the listening state as the second state, and switches the UWB tag to the listening state, so as to control the receiver of the UWB transceiver to be turned on, and realize target channel listening.
4. And in response to the first state being the interception state and the target channel being idle for the interception period, determining the sending state as the second state based on the state transition relation.
In the interception state, based on different channel interception results, the UWB tag can be switched to different states, namely, in the interception state, the second state determined based on different state transition events is different. When the target channel is idle in the interception time, the target channel of the UWB tag is not occupied by other UWB tags, and data frame transmission can be performed. Therefore, in the state transition relation, the state transition event triggering the switching from the interception state to the sending state is that the target channel is idle in the interception duration.
In one possible implementation, the UWB transceiver feeds back the channel sensing result to the controller, which determines the second state based on the channel sensing result and the state transition relationship.
Schematically, as shown in fig. 3, in the listening state, when the UWB transceiver listens to the target channel being idle within the listening period, the UWB transceiver sends a listening result instruction indicating that the channel is idle to the controller, and accordingly, the controller determines the sending state as the second state based on the instruction, and switches the UWB tag to the sending state, thereby controlling the transmitter of the UWB transceiver to be turned on to realize data frame sending.
5. And in response to the first state being the listening state and the target channel being occupied for the listening period, determining the waiting state as the second state based on the state transition relation.
When the target channel is occupied in the interception time, other UWB tags are indicated to transmit data frames on the target channel, the current UWB tag cannot transmit the data frames, and channel interception is performed again after waiting for a period of time. Therefore, in the state transition relation, the state transition event triggering the switching from the interception state to the waiting state is that the target channel is occupied in the interception duration.
Schematically, as shown in fig. 3, in the listening state, when the UWB transceiver listens that the target channel is occupied within the listening period, the UWB transceiver sends a listening result instruction indicating that the channel is occupied to the controller, and correspondingly, the controller determines the waiting state as the second state based on the instruction and switches the UWB tag to the waiting state, thereby controlling the UWB transceiver to be turned off and reducing the power consumption of the UWB tag.
Illustratively, as shown in fig. 5, when four UWB tags are provided in the environment, each UWB tag enters a sleep state immediately after completing data frame transmission. Each UWB tag wakes up again after reaching the sleep time period, and performs data frame transmission of the next period (only the data frame transmission process is shown in the figure, and the channel interception process is not shown).
It should be noted that, in the initial working stage of the UWB tag, the UWB tag listens to the situation that the target channel is occupied more, while under the action of the channel interception and random delay mechanism, if the UWB tag remains unchanged in the environment, the data frame transmission frequency of each UWB tag will tend to be stable as the working time increases, i.e. the situation that the UWB tag listens to the situation that the target channel is occupied is reduced until the situation disappears, and each UWB tag orderly transmits data frames on the target channel without collision. As shown in fig. 5, after a period of operation, four UWB tags periodically transmit data frames in sequence.
In order to enable the terminal device to determine the spatial position relationship between the UWB tags, the terminal device receives data frames sent by each UWB tag alternately on the target channel through the first antenna group and the second antenna group, that is, receives data frames sent by the same UWB tag through different antenna groups.
In one possible implementation manner, the terminal device first receives the data frame on the target channel through the first antenna group, and when the data frame receiving duration of the first antenna group reaches the preset duration, switches the second antenna group to receive the data frame on the target channel.
Illustratively, as shown in FIG. 5, the terminal device first receives the data frames transmitted by UWB tags 1-4 on the target channel through a first antenna group, and then switches to receive the data frames transmitted by UWB tags 1-4 on the target channel through a second antenna group.
Alternatively, in performing spatial positioning based on a data frame, the following technique may be employed. An Angle of Arrival (AOA) measurement determines the spatial position of an object from the Angle of Arrival of a data frame, and a phase difference of Arrival (PHASE DIFFERENCE of Arrival, PDoA) measurement determines the spatial position of an object from the phase difference of Arrival of a data frame. The embodiment of the application is not limited to the specific manner of determining the spatial positional relationship.
Further, based on the spatial location relationship, the terminal device determines the pointed UWB tag as a target UWB tag (for example, a horizontal direction angle between the pointed UWB tag and the terminal device is in a horizontal angle range, and a vertical direction angle between the pointed UWB tag and the terminal device is in a vertical angle range), and determines an IoT device represented by the target UWB tag as a target IoT device, so as to control the target IoT device.
Optionally, in order to avoid misoperation of the user, the terminal device establishes an invalid data communication connection with the target IoT device, occupies device resources of the target IoT device, and in a possible implementation manner, a connection condition is set, that is, the terminal device needs to allow to establish a data communication connection with the target IoT device and control the target IoT device if the connection condition is met. The connection condition comprises at least one of a pointing duration condition, a gesture condition, a touch condition, a sensor condition and a voice control condition.
In one possible design, when a finite state machine is used as the controller, in order to implement the above-mentioned spatial awareness function, necessary parameters need to be stored in a register of the finite state machine, and in one possible implementation, a memory provided in the finite state machine includes:
1. A first register for storing a sleep time period.
And the finite state machine reads the sleep time stored in the first register, and switches the UWB tag into the interception state when the time for the UWB tag to enter the sleep state reaches the sleep time. The sleep time period may be 500ms or 1s, which is not limited in this embodiment.
2. A second register for storing the listening period.
The finite state machine controls the UWB transceiver to be in a interception state in the interception time by reading the interception time stored in the second register, and intercepts the target channel.
3. And the third register is used for storing the waiting unit duration, and the waiting duration is determined by the random number generated by the combinational logic circuit and the waiting unit duration.
In one possible implementation, in the waiting state, the combinational logic circuit generates a random number, and determines a product of the random number and a unit waiting duration in the third register as a waiting duration of the waiting state. The unit waiting duration may be a backoff period (320 us), and the random number generated by the combinational logic circuit is within a preset random number range, such as 1-8.
4. A fourth register for transceiver parameters including at least one of a target channel, a rate, and a data frame format.
Wherein the transceiver parameters include transmitter parameters and receiver parameters for indicating a target channel to listen to and transmit the data frames, a rate at which the data frames are transmitted on the target channel, and a frame format of the transmitted data frames.
In the embodiment, the controller controls the receiving and transmitting states of the UWB transceiver to enable the UWB tag to be in the periodic sending and dormant states, so that the power consumption of the UWB tag is reduced, meanwhile, the terminal equipment can determine the spatial position relation among the UWB tags based on the data frames sent by the UWB tag, further control the target UWB tag-characterized IoT equipment, and improve the control efficiency of the target UWB tag-characterized IoT equipment.
In another possible implementation, when the UWB tag is used to implement the article positioning function, the set of target states corresponding to the controller includes a first transmitting state, a receiving state, a second transmitting state, a first sleep state, and a second sleep state, and the corresponding state transition relationships are shown in fig. 6.
When the article positioning function is realized, after the UWB label transmits a data frame on a target channel (a first transmitting state), the UWB label receives the data frame fed back by the terminal equipment on the target channel (receiving). If a data frame fed back by the terminal equipment is received (the terminal equipment feeds back the data frame when the article positioning requirement exists), the UWB tag is capable of retransmitting the data frame on the target channel (the second transmitting state) and is dormant for a period of time after the transmission is completed (the second dormant state), and correspondingly, the terminal equipment positions the UWB tag based on the received data frames for two times, if the data frame fed back by the terminal equipment is not received (the terminal equipment does not feed back the data frame when the article positioning requirement does not exist), the UWB tag is dormant for a period of time (the first dormant state) and is capable of retransmitting the data frame after the dormancy.
Based on the current state of the UWB tag, the controller controls the state of the UWB transceiver as follows.
1. In response to the UWB tag being in the first transmit state or the second transmit state, the UWB transceiver is controlled to be in a transmit on state.
The first sending state refers to a state when the UWB tag wakes up or sends a data frame after initialization, and the second sending state refers to a state when the UWB tag receives the data frame sent by the terminal device and sends the data frame again.
In the transmitting state, in order for the terminal device to receive the data frame transmitted by the UWB tag on the target channel, thereby determining the distance and the direction from the UWB tag based on the data frame, when the UWB tag is in the transmitting state, the controller needs to control the transmitter in the UWB transceiver to be in an on state to transmit the data frame in a broadcasting manner on the target channel through the transmitter. Optionally, the receiver in the UWB transceiver is in an off state when in a transmit on state.
Illustratively, as shown in fig. 7, in the first/second transmission state, the UWB transceiver is TX on and RX off.
2. In response to the UWB tag being in a receiving state, the UWB transceiver is controlled to be in a receiving on state.
In one possible implementation, the terminal device determines the distance to the UWB tag using a two-sided bi-directional ranging (Doublee-Sided Two-QAY RANGING, DS-TWR) approach. In the ranging process, the UWB tag firstly transmits a data frame to the terminal equipment, the terminal equipment feeds back the data frame to the UWB tag after receiving the data frame, and the UWB tag again transmits the data frame to the terminal equipment after receiving the fed-back data frame.
When the terminal equipment does not have the requirement of positioning the UWB tag, the data frame sent by the UWB tag is not fed back.
Therefore, when the UWB tag is in the receiving state, the controller controls the receiver of the UWB transceiver to be in the on state, and determines whether to further send the data frame to the terminal equipment according to whether the receiver receives the data frame fed back by the terminal equipment.
Illustratively, after a first transmit state, the UWB tag enters a receive state with the RX of the UWB transceiver on and the TX off, as shown in fig. 7.
3. In response to the UWB tag being in the first sleep state or the second sleep state, the UWB transceiver is controlled to be in an off state.
In order to reduce the power consumption of the UWB tag, the UWB tag enters a first sleep state when transmitting a data frame and not receiving the data frame fed back by the terminal equipment, and enters a second sleep state after transmitting the data frame and receiving the data frame fed back by the terminal equipment and transmitting the data frame again. In the sleep state, the controller controls the UWB transceiver to be in an off state, i.e., the UWB tag neither transmits nor receives data frames on the target channel.
Schematically, as shown in fig. 7, after the transmission of "data frame transmission data frame reception data frame transmission" is completed, the UWB tag enters a second sleep state, and both RX and TX of the UWB transceiver are in an off state, and when the data frame transmission is completed but no data frame is received, the UWB tag enters a first sleep state, and both RX and TX of the UWB transceiver are in an off state.
Accordingly, the controller determines the second state corresponding to the different first states and state transition events, including the following possibilities.
1. In response to the first state being the first transmit state and the UWB transceiver completing data frame transmission, the receive state is determined to be the second state based on the state transition relationship.
In the first transmitting state, after the UWB tag transmits a data frame on the target channel, in order to determine whether a positioning requirement exists on the terminal device, the UWB tag needs to enter a receiving state, so as to determine whether a data frame fed back by the terminal device exists on the target channel. Therefore, in the state transition relation, the state transition event triggering the switching from the first transmission state to the receiving state is the completion of the data frame transmission.
Illustratively, as shown in fig. 6, in the first transmission state, when the data frame is successfully transmitted, the controller determines the receiving state as the second state, thereby controlling the receiver of the UWB transceiver to be turned on, and receiving the data frame transmitted by the terminal device on the target channel.
2. In response to the first state being a receiving state and the UWB transceiver receiving a data frame transmitted by the terminal device, determining a second transmitting state as a second state based on the state transition relationship.
In the receiving state, based on different data frame receiving results, the UWB tag can be switched to different states, namely, in the receiving state, the second state determined based on different state transition events is different. When the data frame sent by the terminal equipment is received in the receiving state, the position requirement of the terminal equipment is indicated, and the UWB tag needs to send the data frame to the terminal equipment again. In the state transition relationship, therefore, a state transition event triggering the switching from the receiving state to the second transmitting state is that the UWB transceiver receives a data frame transmitted by the terminal device.
In one possible implementation, the UWB transceiver feeds back the data frame reception result to the controller, and the controller determines the second state based on the result and the state transition relationship.
Schematically, as shown in fig. 6, in the receiving state, when the UWB transceiver receives a data frame sent by the terminal device (i.e., the receiving is successful), the controller determines the second sending state as the second state, so as to control the transmitter of the UWB transceiver to be turned on, and implement data frame sending.
3. And in response to the first state being a receiving state and the UWB transceiver not receiving a data frame transmitted by the terminal device within a timeout period, determining the first sleep state as a second state based on a state transition relationship.
In the receiving state, if the data frame sent by the terminal equipment is not received within the timeout period, the terminal equipment is indicated to have no positioning requirement, the UWB tag does not need to send the data frame to the terminal equipment again, and in order to reduce the power consumption, the UWB tag needs to enter the first sleep state. In the state transition relationship, therefore, the state transition event triggering the switching from the receiving state to the first sleep state is that the UWB transceiver does not receive the data frame sent by the terminal device within the timeout period. The timeout period is a preset fixed period.
Illustratively, as shown in fig. 6, in the receiving state, when the UWB transceiver does not receive a data frame transmitted by the terminal device (i.e., fails in reception), the controller determines the first sleep state to be the second state, thereby controlling the UWB transceiver to be turned off and reducing power consumption of the UWB tag.
4. In response to the first state being the second transmit state and the UWB transceiver completing data frame transmission, the second sleep state is determined to be the second state based on the state transition relationship.
In the second sending state, after the UWB tag sends the data frame to the terminal equipment, the terminal equipment can determine the distance between the UWB tag and the terminal equipment based on the receiving and sending condition of the data frame. In order to reduce the power consumption of the UWB tag, the UWB tag enters a sleep state after the data frame transmission is completed. Therefore, in the state transition relation, the state transition event triggering the switching from the second transmission state to the second sleep state is the completion of the data frame transmission.
Illustratively, as shown in fig. 6, in the second transmission state, when the UWB transceiver completes transmission of the data frame (i.e., the transmission is successful), the controller determines the second sleep state as the second state, thereby controlling the UWB transceiver to be turned off and reducing the power consumption of the UWB tag.
5. And in response to the first state being the first dormant state and the first dormant duration being reached, determining the first sending state as the second state based on the state transition relation.
In order to avoid that the terminal equipment with positioning requirements cannot be positioned based on the data frame because the UWB tag is in the dormant state for a long time, the UWB tag is awakened at fixed time after entering the first dormant state, and the data frame is sent again to determine whether the terminal equipment with positioning requirements exists. Therefore, in the state transition relationship, the state transition event triggering the first sleep state to switch to the first sending state is the first sleep time. The first sleep duration may be a preset fixed duration, or an increased dynamic duration (with an upper limit).
Optionally, when entering the first sleep state, the first sleep duration may be set to a longer duration, so as to further reduce power consumption of the UWB tag, which indicates that there is no terminal device with a positioning requirement currently.
Schematically, as shown in fig. 6, in the first sleep state, when an expiration instruction sent by a timer is received (the timing duration of the timer is the first sleep duration), the controller determines the first sending state as the second state, so as to control the transmitter of the UWB transceiver to be turned on, and realize data frame sending.
6. And in response to the first state being the second sleep state and reaching the second sleep duration, determining the first sending state as the second state based on the state transition relation, wherein the first sleep duration is longer than the second sleep duration.
In the second sleep state, since there is currently a terminal device with a positioning requirement, in order to enable the terminal device to perform the next ranging as soon as possible, a state transition event that switches from the second sleep state to the first transmission state is triggered to reach a second sleep duration, where the second sleep duration is smaller than the first sleep duration. For example, the first sleep duration is 900ms and the second sleep duration is 40ms.
Schematically, as shown in fig. 6, in the second sleep state, when receiving the expiration instruction sent by the timer (the timing duration of the timer is the second sleep duration), the controller determines the first sending state as the second state, so as to control the transmitter of the UWB transceiver to be turned on, and realize data frame sending.
In some embodiments, the UWB tag enters a periodic state in the presence or absence of a terminal device with positioning requirements. As shown in fig. 8, when there is a terminal device with positioning requirements, the UWB tag first transmits a data frame over the target channel through TX (time 150 us) and turns on RX after a period of time has elapsed (2.5 ms) has elapsed, starting TX earlier than the terminal device. After the terminal device receives the data frame through the RX, it switches the RX to TX (time-consuming 3 ms) and feeds back the data frame to the UWB tag through the TX (time-consuming 150 us). After the terminal device feeds back the data frame, the TX is switched to RX (2.5 ms is taken before the UWB tag turns on the TX). After the UWB tag receives the fed back data frame, it turns on TX after a period of time has elapsed (3 ms), and transmits the data frame to the terminal device (consuming 150 us), which is received by the terminal device through RX. After the UWB tag sends the finishing data frame and the terminal equipment receives the data frame, the terminal equipment enters a dormant state (40 ms) to wait for the next wake-up measurement.
As shown in fig. 9, when there is no terminal device with positioning requirements, the UWB tag first transmits a data frame over the target channel through TX (150 us is consumed) and turns on RX after a period of time has elapsed (2.5 ms) has elapsed (TX is turned on earlier than the terminal device). When the data frame fed back by the terminal equipment is not received within the timeout duration (timout:10 ms), the UWB tag enters into sleep (900 ms) and waits for the next awakening to send the data frame again.
In one possible design, when a finite state machine is used as the controller, in order to implement the above-mentioned article positioning function, the necessary parameters need to be stored in a register of the finite state machine, and in one possible implementation, the memory provided in the finite state machine includes:
1. And a fifth register for storing the first sleep duration.
And the finite state machine reads the first sleep time stored in the fifth register, and when the time for the UWB tag to enter the first sleep state reaches the first sleep time, switches the UWB tag into the first sending state, and determines whether the terminal equipment with the positioning requirement exists. The first sleep duration may be 900ms, which is not limited in this embodiment.
2. And a sixth register for storing the second sleep period.
And the finite state machine reads the second sleep time stored in the sixth register, and switches the UWB tag into the first sending state when the time for the UWB tag to enter the second sleep state reaches the second sleep time, so that the terminal equipment can perform the next ranging. The second sleep duration may be 40ms (less than the first sleep duration), which is not limited in this embodiment.
3. And a seventh register for storing a first idle time period, where the first idle time period is a time period for waiting for the terminal device to switch the receiver to the transmitter in the first transmission state.
Since the terminal device needs to feed back the data frame through TX after receiving the data frame through RX, and it takes a certain time for the terminal device to switch RX to TX, after completing the data frame transmission, the UWB tag needs to wait for the first idle period (switch to RX before the terminal device). During this first idle period, the UWB tag will also switch its TX to RX. As shown in fig. 8, the first idle period is 2.5ms.
4. And the eighth register is used for storing a second idle time, wherein the second idle time is the time for waiting for the terminal equipment to switch the transmitter to the receiver in the receiving state.
Since the terminal device needs to receive the data frame sent again by the UWB tag through the RX after feeding back the data frame through the TX, and it takes a certain time for the terminal device to switch the TX to the RX, after receiving the data frame sent by the terminal device, the UWB tag needs to wait for a second idle period (to ensure that the terminal device switches to the RX first). During this second idle period, the UWB tag will also switch its RX to TX. As shown in fig. 8, the second idle period is 3ms.
5. A ninth register for storing a timeout period.
Optionally, in the first sending state, after the sending of the data frame is completed, the finite state machine reads the timeout duration stored in the ninth register, and if the data frame fed back by the terminal device is not received within the timeout duration, the finite state machine enters the first dormancy state. The timeout period may be 10ms, which is not limited in this embodiment.
6. A tenth register for transceiver parameters including at least one of a target channel, a rate, and a data frame format.
Wherein the transceiver parameters include transmitter parameters and receiver parameters for indicating a target channel on which to receive/transmit the data frames, a rate at which to transmit the data frames on the target channel, and a frame format of the transmitted data frames.
In this embodiment, the controller controls the receiving and transmitting states of the UWB transceiver, so that the UWB tag can interact with the terminal device having a positioning requirement for multiple data frames, so that the terminal device positions the UWB tag based on the interacted data frames, and the power consumption of the UWB tag is reduced.
In one possible implementation, a bluetooth module is further arranged in the UWB tag, and before the article positioning is achieved, the terminal device firstly performs parameter configuration on the UWB tag through bluetooth. After the parameter configuration is completed, the UWB tag enters a periodic working state. Illustratively, as shown in fig. 10, after the UWB tag wakes up with bluetooth low energy (tagINIT), the UWB tag receives parameters transmitted by the terminal device through bluetooth (tagBLERecvPar), initializes UWB based on the parameters (tagUWBInitialize), and after the initialization is completed, the UWB tag is transmitted a parameter confirmation message to the terminal through bluetooth (tagBLESendPar) informing the terminal device to complete the initialization.
In the working state (g_init), the UWB tag transmits a data frame (g_send_horizons) on the target channel, and the terminal device performs the horizontal measurement after receiving the data frame. When a data frame fed back by the terminal device is received (g_recv_vertical), the UWB tag again transmits the data frame (g_send_vertical) so that the terminal device makes a Vertical direction measurement based on the data frame. After the UWB tag finishes transmitting the data frame, it goes to Sleep (g_sleep), wakes up by a Real Time Clock (RTC), and re-performs ranging and angle measurement. When the data frame fed back by the terminal equipment is not received (G_Fail), the UWB tag retransmits the data frame after being dormant for a period of time. When the data frame fed back by the terminal equipment is not received and the UWB tag is restarted, the UWB tag performs parameter initialization again through Bluetooth.
In the above embodiments, only a single function is taken as an example of the UWB tag, and in one possible implementation manner, in order to enable the UWB tag to have multiple functions, a user may switch the functions of the UWB tag according to needs, where different operation modes correspond to different target state sets.
In one possible implementation, the UWB tag is provided with at least two finite state machines, different finite state machines corresponding to different modes of operation (implementing different functions) of the UWB tag, and different finite state machines corresponding to different sets of finite states, i.e. switching the finite state machines when switching the modes of operation.
In another possible implementation manner, the UWB tag is provided with an MCU and at least two working programs, different control programs correspond to different working modes, and when the working modes are switched, the working program read by the MCU is switched.
Correspondingly, before entering the working state, the UWB tag responds to the working mode switching instruction to switch the working mode. The working mode switching instruction is triggered by a physical key on the UWB label.
For example, when an operation mode switching key is set on the UWB tag, the user may trigger the UWB tag to switch the operation mode by pressing the switching key. When the switch key is pressed, a General-Purpose Input/Output (GPIO) port is pulled down, a first finite state machine is started, the UWB tag is in a first working mode, when the switch key is pressed again, a second finite state machine is started, and the UWB tag is in a second working mode.
In one possible embodiment, the UWB tag is provided with a first mode of operation and a second mode of operation;
In a first working mode, the UWB tag periodically transmits a data frame, so that the terminal equipment determines an IoT device represented by the UWB tag according to the data frame and controls the IoT device (for realizing a space perception function);
In the second working mode, the UWB tag and the terminal equipment interact with each other in data frames, so that the terminal equipment determines the distance and the angle between the terminal equipment and the UWB tag according to the interacted data frames (for realizing the article positioning function). Reference may be made to the above embodiments for specific implementation, and this embodiment is not described herein again.
The following are examples of the apparatus of the present application that may be used to perform the method embodiments of the present application. For details not disclosed in the embodiments of the apparatus of the present application, please refer to the embodiments of the method of the present application.
Referring to fig. 11, a block diagram of an operating device of a UWB tag according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. The device has the function of realizing the execution of the UWB label side in the method embodiment, and the function can be realized by hardware or can be realized by executing corresponding software by hardware. As shown in fig. 11, the apparatus may include:
A first control module 1101, configured to control the UWB transceiver to be in a first transceiving state in response to the UWB tag being in a first state, where the first state belongs to a target state set;
and a second control module 1102, configured to switch the UWB tag from the first state to a second state in response to a state transition event, and control the UWB transceiver to be in a second transceiving state, where the second state belongs to the target state set.
Optionally, the second control module 1102 is configured to:
Determining the second state corresponding to the state transition event based on the first state and a state transition relation in response to the state transition event, wherein the state transition relation is used for representing transition relation among states in the target state set;
and switching the UWB tag from the first state to the second state.
Optionally, the target state set includes a sleep state, a send state, a wait state, and a listen state;
A first control module 1101 for:
and controlling the UWB transceiver to be in a closed state in response to the UWB tag being in a sleep state or a wait state, or,
And controlling the UWB transceiver to be in a transmission on state in response to the UWB tag being in a transmission state, or,
And controlling the UWB transceiver to be in a receiving on state in response to the UWB tag being in an interception state.
Optionally, the second control module 1102 is specifically configured to:
In response to the first state being a dormant state and a dormant period being reached, determining a listening state as the second state based on the state transition relationship, or,
Responsive to the first state being a transmit state and the UWB transceiver completing data frame transmission, determining a sleep state as the second state based on the state transition relationship, or,
In response to the first state being a wait state and a wait period being reached, determining a listening state as the second state based on the state transition relationship, or,
In response to the first state being a listening state and the target channel being idle for a listening period, determining a transmission state as the second state based on the state transition relationship, or,
And in response to the first state being a listening state and the target channel being occupied for a listening period, determining a waiting state as the second state based on the state transition relationship.
Optionally, the UWB transceiver is controlled by a finite state machine, the target state set is a finite state set corresponding to the finite state machine, and the finite state machine is composed of a register and a combinational logic circuit;
The register includes:
A first register for storing the sleep duration;
a second register for storing the listening period;
the third register is used for storing waiting unit duration, and the waiting duration is determined by the random number generated by the combinational logic circuit and the waiting unit duration;
A fourth register for the transceiver parameters including at least one of the target channel, rate, and data frame format.
Optionally, the target state set includes a first sending state, a receiving state, a second sending state, a first dormant state, and a second dormant state;
A first control module 1101 for:
And controlling the UWB transceiver to be in a transmission on state in response to the UWB tag being in the first transmission state or the second transmission state, or,
And controlling the UWB transceiver to be in a receiving on state in response to the UWB tag being in a receiving state, or,
And controlling the UWB transceiver to be in a closed state in response to the UWB tag being in the first sleep state or the second sleep state.
Optionally, the second control module 1102 is specifically configured to:
in response to the first state being a first transmit state and the UWB transceiver completing data frame transmission, determining a receive state as the second state based on the state transition relationship, or,
In response to the first state being a receiving state and the UWB transceiver receiving a data frame transmitted by a terminal device, determining a second transmitting state as the second state based on the state transition relationship, or,
And in response to the first state being a receiving state and the UWB transceiver not receiving a data frame transmitted by the terminal device within a timeout period, determining a first sleep state as the second state based on the state transition relationship, or,
In response to the first state being a second transmission state and the UWB transceiver completing data frame transmission, a second sleep state is determined to be the second state based on the state transition relationship, or,
Responsive to the first state being a first dormant state and reaching a first dormant duration, determining a first sending state as the second state based on the state transition relationship;
And responding to the first state being a second dormant state and reaching a second dormant duration, determining a first sending state as the second state based on the state transition relation, wherein the first dormant duration is longer than the second dormant duration.
Optionally, the UWB transceiver is controlled by a finite state machine, the target state set is a finite state set corresponding to the finite state machine, and the finite state machine is composed of a register and a combinational logic circuit;
The register includes:
A fifth register for storing the first sleep duration;
a sixth register for storing the second sleep duration;
A seventh register, configured to store a first idle duration, where the first idle duration is a duration for waiting for the terminal device to switch the receiver to the transmitter in the first transmission state;
An eighth register for storing a second idle duration, where the second idle duration is a duration for waiting for the terminal device to switch the transmitter to the receiver in the receiving state;
A ninth register for storing the timeout period;
a tenth register for the transceiver parameters including at least one of the target channel, rate, and data frame format.
Optionally, the UWB transceiver is controlled by a micro control unit MCU or a finite state machine.
Optionally, the UWB tag has at least two modes of operation, and different modes of operation correspond to different sets of target states;
The apparatus further comprises:
And the mode switching module is used for responding to a working mode switching instruction to switch the working mode, wherein the working mode switching instruction is triggered by a physical key on the UWB label.
Optionally, the UWB transceiver is controlled by a finite state machine, the target state set is a finite state set corresponding to the finite state machine, the UWB tag is provided with at least two finite state machines, different finite state machines correspond to different working modes of the UWB tag, and different finite state machines correspond to different finite state sets;
The said
And the mode switching module is used for responding to the working mode switching instruction and switching the finite state machine.
Optionally, the UWB tag is provided with a first operation mode and a second operation mode;
In the first working mode, the UWB tag periodically transmits a data frame, so that the terminal equipment determines an IoT device represented by the UWB tag according to the data frame and controls the IoT device;
and in the second working mode, the UWB tag and the terminal equipment perform data frame interaction, so that the terminal equipment determines the distance and the angle between the UWB tag according to the interacted data frame.
In summary, in the embodiment of the application, the controller is arranged in the UWB tag, and is used for controlling the receiving and transmitting state of the UWB transceiver based on the state of the UWB tag, and switching the state of the UWB tag to adjust the receiving and transmitting state of the UWB transceiver when the state transition event is triggered.
It should be noted that, when the apparatus provided in the foregoing embodiment implements the functions thereof, only the division of the foregoing functional modules is used as an example, in practical application, the foregoing functional allocation may be implemented by different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the apparatus is divided into different functional modules to implement all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the apparatus and the method embodiments provided in the foregoing embodiments belong to the same concept, and specific implementation processes of the apparatus and the method embodiments are detailed in the method embodiments and are not repeated herein.
Referring to fig. 12, a block diagram of the structure of a UWB tag according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. UWB tag 1200 includes at least one controller 1210 and UWB transceiver 1220.
UWB transceiver 1220 is electrically coupled to controller 1210;
UWB transceiver 1220 is configured to transmit and receive data frames over a channel;
The controller 1210 is configured to:
Responsive to the UWB tag being in a first state, controlling the UWB transceiver 1220 to be in a first transceiving state, the first state belonging to a set of target states;
In response to the state transition event, the UWB tag is switched from a first state to a second state and the UWB transceiver 1220 is controlled to be in a second transceiving state, the second state belonging to the set of target states.
Optionally, the controller 1210 is an MCU or a finite state machine, where the finite state machine includes at least one register and a combinational logic circuit, so as to implement the above control function through the register and the combinational logic circuit.
In addition, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the structures shown in the above figures do not constitute limitations on the UWB tag, and that the UWB tag may include more or fewer components than shown, or may combine certain components, or a different arrangement of components. For example, the UWB tag further includes physical buttons, an indicator light, a power supply, a speaker, a bluetooth module, etc., which are not described herein.
Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer readable storage medium storing at least one program code loaded and executed by a controller of a UWB tag to implement the method of operating a UWB tag as described in the various embodiments above.
According to one aspect of the present application, there is provided a computer program product or computer program comprising computer instructions stored in a computer readable storage medium. The controller of the UWB tag reads the computer instructions from the computer readable storage medium, and the controller executes the computer instructions so that the UWB tag performs the method of operating the UWB tag provided in various alternative implementations of the above aspects.
It should be understood that references herein to "a plurality" are to two or more. "and/or" describes an association relationship of an association object, and indicates that there may be three relationships, for example, a and/or B, and may indicate that there are three cases of a alone, a and B together, and B alone. The character "/" generally indicates that the context-dependent object is an "or" relationship. In addition, the step numbers described herein are merely exemplary of one possible execution sequence among steps, and in some other embodiments, the steps may be executed out of the order of numbers, such as two differently numbered steps being executed simultaneously, or two differently numbered steps being executed in an order opposite to that shown, which is not limiting.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the present application is not intended to limit the application, but rather, the application is to be construed as limited to the appended claims.

Claims (15)

1. The working method of the UWB tag is characterized in that a UWB transceiver is arranged in the UWB tag, the UWB transceiver is controlled by a controller, the controller is used for controlling the receiving and transmitting states of the UWB transceiver, the receiving and transmitting states comprise a receiving on state, a transmitting on state and a closing state, and in the receiving on state, the UWB transceiver is used for performing channel interception or receiving data frames sent by terminal equipment, and the method comprises the following steps:
In response to the UWB tag being in a first state, controlling the UWB transceiver to be in a first transceiving state, where the first state belongs to a target state set, different working modes correspond to different target state sets, the UWB tag is provided with a first working mode and a second working mode, in the first working mode, the UWB tag is configured to periodically send a data frame when a target channel is idle is detected, so that a terminal device determines an IoT device represented by the UWB tag according to the data frame, and controls the IoT device, in the second working mode, the UWB tag performs data frame interaction with the terminal device, so that the terminal device determines a distance and an angle between the UWB tag according to the interacted data frame, and the terminal device feeds back the data frame when a positioning requirement exists;
And responding to a state transition event, switching the UWB tag from the first state to a second state, and controlling the UWB transceiver to be in a second transceiving state, wherein the second state belongs to the target state set.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said switching said UWB tag from said first state to a second state in response to a state transition event comprises:
Determining the second state corresponding to the state transition event based on the first state and a state transition relation in response to the state transition event, wherein the state transition relation is used for representing transition relation among states in the target state set;
and switching the UWB tag from the first state to the second state.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the set of target states includes a dormant state, a transmit state, a wait state, and a listening state;
the controlling the UWB transceiver to be in a first transceiving state in response to the UWB tag being in the first state comprises:
and controlling the UWB transceiver to be in a closed state in response to the UWB tag being in a sleep state or a wait state, or,
And controlling the UWB transceiver to be in a transmission on state in response to the UWB tag being in a transmission state, or,
And controlling the UWB transceiver to be in a receiving on state in response to the UWB tag being in an interception state.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the determining the second state corresponding to the state transition event based on the first state and state transition relationship in response to the state transition event comprises:
In response to the first state being a dormant state and a dormant period being reached, determining a listening state as the second state based on the state transition relationship, or,
Responsive to the first state being a transmit state and the UWB transceiver completing data frame transmission, determining a sleep state as the second state based on the state transition relationship, or,
In response to the first state being a wait state and a wait period being reached, determining a listening state as the second state based on the state transition relationship, or,
In response to the first state being a listening state and the target channel being idle for a listening period, determining a transmission state as the second state based on the state transition relationship, or,
And in response to the first state being a listening state and the target channel being occupied for a listening period, determining a waiting state as the second state based on the state transition relationship.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the UWB transceiver is controlled by a finite state machine, the target state set is a finite state set corresponding to the finite state machine, and the finite state machine is composed of a register and a combinational logic circuit;
The register includes:
A first register for storing the sleep duration;
a second register for storing the listening period;
the third register is used for storing waiting unit duration, and the waiting duration is determined by the random number generated by the combinational logic circuit and the waiting unit duration;
A fourth register for the transceiver parameters including at least one of the target channel, rate, and data frame format.
6. The method of claim 2, wherein the set of target states comprises a first transmit state, a receive state, a second transmit state, a first sleep state, and a second sleep state;
the controlling the UWB transceiver to be in a first transceiving state in response to the UWB tag being in the first state comprises:
And controlling the UWB transceiver to be in a transmission on state in response to the UWB tag being in the first transmission state or the second transmission state, or,
And controlling the UWB transceiver to be in a receiving on state in response to the UWB tag being in a receiving state, or,
And controlling the UWB transceiver to be in a closed state in response to the UWB tag being in the first sleep state or the second sleep state.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the determining the second state corresponding to the state transition event based on the first state and state transition relationship in response to the state transition event comprises:
in response to the first state being a first transmit state and the UWB transceiver completing data frame transmission, determining a receive state as the second state based on the state transition relationship, or,
In response to the first state being a receiving state and the UWB transceiver receiving a data frame transmitted by a terminal device, determining a second transmitting state as the second state based on the state transition relationship, or,
And in response to the first state being a receiving state and the UWB transceiver not receiving a data frame transmitted by the terminal device within a timeout period, determining a first sleep state as the second state based on the state transition relationship, or,
In response to the first state being a second transmission state and the UWB transceiver completing data frame transmission, a second sleep state is determined to be the second state based on the state transition relationship, or,
Responsive to the first state being a first dormant state and reaching a first dormant duration, determining a first sending state as the second state based on the state transition relationship;
And responding to the first state being a second dormant state and reaching a second dormant duration, determining a first sending state as the second state based on the state transition relation, wherein the first dormant duration is longer than the second dormant duration.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the UWB transceiver is controlled by a finite state machine, the target state set is a finite state set corresponding to the finite state machine, and the finite state machine is composed of a register and a combinational logic circuit;
The register includes:
A fifth register for storing the first sleep duration;
a sixth register for storing the second sleep duration;
A seventh register, configured to store a first idle duration, where the first idle duration is a duration for waiting for the terminal device to switch the receiver to the transmitter in the first transmission state;
An eighth register for storing a second idle duration, where the second idle duration is a duration for waiting for the terminal device to switch the transmitter to the receiver in the receiving state;
A ninth register for storing the timeout period;
a tenth register for the transceiver parameters including at least one of the target channel, rate, and data frame format.
9. The method of any one of claims 1,2,3, 4, 6 and 7, wherein the UWB transceiver is controlled by a micro control unit MCU or a finite state machine.
10. The method of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the UWB tag has at least two modes of operation, and different modes of operation correspond to different sets of target states;
the method further comprises the steps of:
and responding to a working mode switching instruction, and switching the working mode, wherein the working mode switching instruction is triggered by a physical key on the UWB label.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the UWB transceiver is controlled by a finite state machine, the target state set is a finite state set corresponding to the finite state machine, the UWB tag is provided with at least two finite state machines, different finite state machines correspond to different modes of operation of the UWB tag, and different finite state machines correspond to different finite state sets;
the response to the working mode switching instruction, the working mode switching, includes:
And responding to the working mode switching instruction, and switching the finite state machine.
12. An apparatus for operating a UWB tag, the apparatus comprising:
A first control module, configured to control, in response to the UWB tag being in a first state, a UWB transceiver to be in a first receiving and transmitting state, where the first state belongs to a target state set, and different operation modes correspond to different target state sets, where the UWB transceiver is controlled by a controller, and the controller is configured to control the receiving and transmitting state of the UWB transceiver, where the receiving and transmitting state includes a receiving on state, a transmitting on state, and a closing state, and where the receiving on state, the UWB transceiver is configured to perform channel interception or receive a data frame sent by a terminal device, where the UWB tag is configured to perform a first operation mode and a second operation mode, where the UWB tag is configured to periodically send the data frame when the target channel is intercepted, so that the terminal device determines an IoT device represented by the UWB tag according to the data frame, and performs data frame interaction with the terminal device, so that the terminal device determines a distance from the UWB tag to the UWB tag and an angle according to the interacted data frame, and where the terminal device is required to feedback the data frame when the terminal device is located;
and the second control module is used for responding to a state transition event, switching the UWB tag from the first state to a second state and controlling the UWB transceiver to be in a second receiving and transmitting state, wherein the second state belongs to the target state set.
13. The UWB tag is characterized by comprising a UWB transceiver and a controller;
the UWB transceiver is electrically connected with the controller;
The UWB transceiver is used for receiving and transmitting data frames on a channel;
the controller is used for controlling the receiving and transmitting states of the UWB transceiver, wherein the receiving and transmitting states comprise a receiving starting state, a transmitting starting state and a closing state, and the UWB transceiver is used for performing channel interception or receiving a data frame sent by the terminal equipment in the receiving starting state;
the controller is used for:
In response to the UWB tag being in a first state, controlling the UWB transceiver to be in a first transceiving state, where the first state belongs to a target state set, different working modes correspond to different target state sets, the UWB tag is provided with a first working mode and a second working mode, in the first working mode, the UWB tag is configured to periodically send a data frame when a target channel is idle is detected, so that a terminal device determines an IoT device represented by the UWB tag according to the data frame, and controls the IoT device, in the second working mode, the UWB tag performs data frame interaction with the terminal device, so that the terminal device determines a distance and an angle between the UWB tag according to the interacted data frame, and the terminal device feeds back the data frame when a positioning requirement exists;
And responding to a state transition event, switching the UWB tag from the first state to a second state, and controlling the UWB transceiver to be in a second transceiving state, wherein the second state belongs to the target state set.
14. The UWB tag of claim 13 wherein the controller is a micro control unit MCU or a finite state machine.
15. A computer readable storage medium having stored therein at least one program code loaded and executed by a finite state machine to implement a method of operating a UWB tag according to any of claims 1 to 11.
CN202110761474.8A 2021-03-19 2021-07-06 UWB tag working method, device, UWB tag and storage medium Active CN115119289B (en)

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PCT/CN2022/073874 WO2022193843A1 (en) 2021-03-19 2022-01-25 Operating method and apparatus for uwb tag, and uwb tag and storage medium
EP22770203.2A EP4307775A4 (en) 2021-03-19 2022-01-25 Operating method and apparatus for uwb tag, and uwb tag and storage medium
US18/469,504 US20240031932A1 (en) 2021-03-19 2023-09-18 Method for operation of uwb tag, uwb tag, and storage medium

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