CN115061961A - A kind of communication method and device based on SPI - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a communication method and a device based on SPI, wherein the communication method is suitable for a master device and a plurality of slave devices which are connected through an SPI bus, and comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps that a master device sends command information to a plurality of slave devices, wherein the command information comprises preset authentication information; the slave devices acquire command information and perform matching according to the authentication information; and the slave device successfully matched with the authentication information executes the corresponding command. The invention determines the slave device responding to the master device through the matching of the plurality of slave devices to the authentication information respectively, thereby realizing the selection control and information exchange of the master device to the plurality of slave devices and being beneficial to saving GPIO port resources of the master device.

Description

A kind of communication method and device based on SPI

technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of device communication, in particular to an SPI-based communication method and device.

Background technique

SPI is the abbreviation of Serial Peripheral Interface (Serial Peripheral Interface), it is a kind of high-speed, full-duplex, synchronous communication bus, through which the communication between the master device and the slave device, and the master device to the slave device can be realized. For the control of the device, the SPI bus includes a data transmission line, a clock signal line and a chip select signal line, and the data transmission line can include a master device data input line and a master device data output line, wherein the chip select signal line is used to transmit the master device control slave The control signal of the device, only when the transmitted chip select signal is a preset enable signal, the master device can effectively operate the slave device.

At present, due to the increasing complexity of the system architecture, the master device needs to communicate with more and more slave devices. When the master device communicates with other slave devices through the SPI protocol and needs to control multiple slave devices, the master device needs to communicate with more and more slave devices. It is necessary to connect to the corresponding slave device through multiple chip select ports, which means that a large number of GPIO port resources of the master device are occupied, and some master devices with only a single chip select signal cannot even realize the function of controlling multiple slave devices.

Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new SPI-based communication method and device to solve the above problems.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a communication method, device, electronic device and computer-readable storage medium based on SPI, which can realize the selection control of multiple slave devices by the master device without occupying too many GPIO port resources and information exchange.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a communication method based on SPI, which is applicable to the master device and multiple slave devices connected by the SPI bus, including:

The master device sends command information to a plurality of the slave devices, where the command information includes preset authentication information;

A plurality of the slave devices obtain the command information and perform matching according to the authentication information;

The slave device that is successfully matched with the authentication information executes the corresponding command.

Optionally, setting a corresponding matching rule for each of the slave devices in advance;

The "matching according to the authentication information" includes:

Each of the slave devices matches the authentication information according to the corresponding matching rule;

Determine whether the slave device is successfully matched.

Optionally, the authentication information includes authentication information specific to each of the slave devices and authentication information that can be successfully matched with at least two of the slave devices.

Optionally, the command information further includes operation information;

The "execution of the corresponding command by the slave device that is successfully matched with the authentication information" includes:

The slave device that is successfully matched with the authentication information executes the corresponding command according to the operation information.

Optionally, the "execution of the corresponding command by the slave device that is successfully matched with the authentication information" includes:

The slave device that is successfully matched with the authentication information obtains the operation information sent by the master device;

The slave device that is successfully matched with the authentication information executes the corresponding command according to the operation information.

Optionally, the master device and a plurality of the slave devices respectively establish a communication agreement, and each of the communication agreements includes a specification for the content in the command information;

After receiving the command information, the slave device further includes:

The slave device judges the command information, and determines the command information that does not conform to the corresponding communication protocol as abnormal command information of the slave device.

To achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a communication device based on SPI, comprising:

a master device and a plurality of slave devices, the master device and a plurality of the slave devices are connected through the SPI bus;

The master device includes a sending module; the slave device includes a matching module and an execution module;

The sending module is configured to send command information to a plurality of the slave devices, where the command information includes authentication information;

The matching module is configured to obtain the command information and perform matching according to the authentication information;

The execution module of the slave device that is successfully matched with the authentication information is configured to execute a corresponding command.

Optionally, a chip select port of the master device is electrically connected to each of the slave devices, and a chip select signal is sent to each of the slave devices through the chip select port to control the master device and the slave device. communication between.

To achieve the above object, the present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising:

processor;

a memory in which executable instructions for the processor are stored;

Wherein, the processor is configured to execute the SPI-based communication method as described above by executing the executable instructions.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned SPI-based communication method is implemented.

The present invention also provides a computer program product or computer program comprising computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The processor of the electronic device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor executes the computer instructions, so that the electronic device executes the above-mentioned SPI-based communication method.

In the present invention, the master device sends command information including preset authentication information to a plurality of slave devices, and each slave device matches the authentication information after receiving the command information, and only the slave device that successfully matches the authentication information can execute the command. Corresponding commands, so as to realize the selection control and information exchange of the master device to multiple slave devices. The master device can make different slave devices respond to the master device according to the different authentication information in the sent command information, without the need to pass the chip. The selection signal selects the slave device, which saves the GPIO port resources of the master device and reduces the complexity of hardware design.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the connection between an existing SPI-based master device and multiple slave devices.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of an SPI-based communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram of information transfer between a master device and a plurality of slave devices in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram of information transfer between a master device and a plurality of slave devices in another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of an SPI-based communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the connection between a master device and a plurality of slave devices using the technical solution of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to describe in detail the technical content, structural features, achieved objects and effects of the present invention, detailed descriptions are given below with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

Please refer to FIG. 1. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an existing master device and multiple slave devices connected through the SPI bus. In order to enable the master device to select and control multiple slave devices, it is necessary to set and Multiple chip select signal ports (SS) corresponding to the number, the chip select signal ports of the master device are respectively connected with the corresponding slave devices, and the master device transmits a preset enable signal through the chip select signal port to control whether the corresponding slave device responds The master device, for example, when the slave devices use the received low-level signal as the valid chip select signal, the master device can communicate with the target slave device by pulling down the chip select signal to the target slave device. However, at present, This technology needs to occupy a large amount of GPIO port resources, and the connection between the master and slave devices is cumbersome. Therefore, the present invention discloses a communication method based on SPI, which can realize the selection control and information exchange between the master device and multiple slave devices. At the same time, it does not occupy too much GPIO port resources.

Specifically, referring to Figure 2, the method includes:

S1. The master device sends command information to a plurality of slave devices, where the command information includes preset authentication information.

S2. A plurality of slave devices acquire command information and perform matching according to the authentication information.

S3. The slave device that is successfully matched with the authentication information executes the corresponding command.

Specifically, a communication protocol is established between the master device and multiple slave devices, and the communication protocol specifies authentication information that each slave device can verify successfully.

It can be understood that there may be one or more pieces of authentication information that can be successfully matched by each slave device, which can be set as required, which is not limited in this application.

It can be understood that one piece of authentication information can be successfully matched with one slave device, or can be successfully matched with multiple slave devices, and can be set as required, which is not limited in this application. That is to say, you can set exclusive authentication information for each slave device, or you can set authentication information that is successfully matched with at least two slave devices, so that the master device can control and exchange information with multiple slave devices at the same time, that is, complete Compared with the traditional SPI method of controlling the slave devices through the chip select signal, the broadcast action for multiple slave devices is beneficial to avoid repeated chip select operations.

It can be understood that the authentication information can be the address of the defined slave device, or the device code of the slave device, etc., as long as it can play the role of identity authentication between the information communication between the master device and the slave device, this Application is not limited here.

In some embodiments, the method further includes presetting a corresponding matching rule for each slave device;

"Matching based on authentication information" includes:

Each slave device matches the authentication information according to the corresponding matching rule;

Determine the slave device that matches the authentication information successfully.

Specifically, the matching rule of each slave device is set according to the authentication information that can be successfully matched by the corresponding slave device, that is, after the master device sends command information including the authentication information to each slave device, each slave device judges the authentication information. Whether the corresponding matching rules are met, if so, the slave device corresponding to the corresponding matching rule is determined as the slave device that successfully matches the authentication information.

Referring to FIG. 3, in some embodiments, the command information further includes operation information;

Step S3 includes: the slave device that is successfully matched with the authentication information executes a corresponding command according to the operation information.

It can be understood that the operation information may include one or more combinations of operation type, target register address and data information, and may not be limited to the above three, as long as the slave device can execute the corresponding command according to the operation information, This application is not limited here. Generally, when the reset or clear command needs to be executed from the device, the operation information only needs to include the operation type; when the slave device needs to execute the write data command, the operation information needs to include the operation type, target register address and data information; When the device executes the read data command, the operation information needs to include the operation type and target register address.

Specifically, the content of the command information can be composed of binary codes. For example, the authentication information can be 4 bits, the operation type can also be 4 bits, the target register address can be 8 bits, and the data information can also be 8 bits. Application requirements settings should not be limited to this. The communication protocol specifies the corresponding commands that should be executed according to the different command information after the slave device receives the command information. The following table is an exemplary table about the information format specification in the communication agreement between the master device and the slave device:

Name 8-bit Command 8-bit Address 8-bit Data Broadcast Rest Command 8b’0101_1010 N/A N/A Broadcast Clear Command 8b’0101_0100 N/A N/A Slave Device 1Read 8b’0010_0011 8-bit Address 8-bit Read Data Slave Device 2Read 8b’0011_0011 8-bit Address 8-bit Read Data Slave Device 1Write 8b’0010_0010 8-bit Address 8-bit Write Data Slave Device 2Write 8b’0011_0010 8-bit Address 8-bit Write Data

Among them, the upper four bits in the 8-bit Command are the authentication information, 0010 is the authentication information that enables Slave Device 1 to match successfully, 0011 is the authentication information that enables Slave Device 2 to successfully match, and 0101 is the authentication information that enables Slave Device 1 and Slave Device 2 The authentication information that matches successfully; the lower four bits are the operation type, 0011 is the read operation, 0010 is the write operation, 1010 is the reset operation, and 0100 is the clearing operation. The 8-bit Address indicates the address of the target register pointed to by the execution command. The 8-bit Write Data in the 8-bit Data is the data during the write operation, and the 8-bit Read Data is the data read from the target register and transmitted to the master device during the read operation.

Further, each communication protocol includes provisions for the content of the command information;

After the multiple slave devices receive the command information, they also include:

Each slave device judges the command information, and determines the command information that does not conform to the corresponding communication protocol as the abnormal command information of the corresponding slave device.

Specifically, each device can determine whether the bit number of the received command information conforms to the corresponding communication protocol, and determine the command information whose bit number does not conform to the communication protocol as abnormal command information; and can also determine whether each part of the command information belongs to the communication protocol. The content specified in , so as to judge whether the command information is abnormal command information. By judging whether the command information conforms to the communication protocol, it is determined whether the command information is abnormal command information, which is beneficial to avoid the slave device being erroneously controlled and executing the wrong command.

Referring to FIG. 4 , in some embodiments, the command information may only include authentication information and operation type. After receiving the command information, each slave device first performs matching and authentication on the authentication information, and the successfully matched slave device then performs the operation type. Recognition, the master device sends the target register address and data information to the slave device, so that the successfully matched slave device successfully executes the target command, while the failed matching slave device does not recognize the type of operation, and makes the port that communicates with the master device is displayed. In the high-impedance state, it refuses to receive the target register address and data information sent by the master device. The dotted arrow in Figure 4 indicates that the corresponding slave device cannot receive the operation information.

Referring to FIG. 4, in some embodiments, step S3 includes:

The slave device that successfully matches the authentication information obtains the operation information sent by the master device;

The slave device that successfully matches the authentication information executes the corresponding command according to the operation information.

Specifically, the command information may only include authentication information. After each slave device receives the command information, it matches and authenticates the authentication information. The successfully matched slave device can continue to receive information from the master device, that is, receive operation information, operation information It can include the operation type, target register address and data information, and the slave device that fails to match makes the port that communicates with the master device in a high-impedance state and refuses to receive information from the master device. The dotted arrow in Figure 4 indicates that The corresponding slave device cannot receive operation information.

In the present invention, the master device sends command information including preset authentication information to a plurality of slave devices, and each slave device matches the authentication information after receiving the command information, and only the slave device that successfully matches the authentication information can execute the command. Corresponding commands, so as to realize the selection control and information exchange of the master device to multiple slave devices. The master device can make different slave devices respond to the master device according to the different authentication information in the sent command information, without the need to pass the chip. The selection signal selects the slave device, which saves the GPIO port resources of the master device and reduces the complexity of hardware design.

Please refer to FIG. 5, the present invention also provides a communication device based on SPI, including:

Master device 1 and multiple slave devices 2, the master device 1 and multiple slave devices 2 are connected through the SPI bus;

The master device 1 includes a sending module 100; the slave device 2 includes a matching module 200 and an execution module 300;

The sending module 100 is configured to send command information to multiple slave devices 2, where the command information includes authentication information;

The matching module 200 is configured to obtain command information to match according to the authentication information;

The execution module 300 of the slave device 2 that is successfully matched with the authentication information is used to execute the corresponding command.

The invention can realize the selection control and information exchange of the master device to multiple slave devices, and the master device can make different slave devices respond to the master device according to the difference of the authentication information in the sent command information, without the need to pass the chip selection signal. Selecting the slave device saves the GPIO port resources of the master device and reduces the complexity of hardware design.

Specifically, referring to FIG. 6 , a chip select port of the master device is electrically connected to each slave device, and a chip select signal is sent to each slave device through the chip select port to control the communication between the master device and the slave device.

When the master device needs to control and communicate with one or more of the multiple slave devices, the master device can send a preset valid chip select signal to each slave device through the chip select port, so that each slave device can receive the master device. The information sent by the device; and when the master device does not communicate with multiple slave devices, the master device can send a preset invalid chip select signal to each slave device through the chip select port, so that each slave device does not respond to the information sent by the master device. , which is beneficial to avoid interfering information from entering the slave device and avoid misoperation of the slave device.

Please refer to FIG. 7, the present invention also provides an electronic device, including:

processor 40;

a memory 50 in which executable instructions for the processor 40 are stored;

Wherein, the processor 40 is configured to execute the SPI-based communication method as described above by executing the executable instructions.

The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, implements the above-mentioned SPI-based communication method.

The embodiment of the present invention also discloses a computer program product or computer program, where the computer program product or computer program includes computer instructions, and the computer instructions are stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The processor of the electronic device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor executes the computer instructions, so that the electronic device performs the SPI-based communication method as described above.

It should be understood that, in this embodiment of the present invention, the so-called processor may be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), and the processor may also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), special integrated Circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), off-the-shelf Programmable Gate Array (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.

Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above-mentioned embodiments can be implemented by instructing relevant hardware by a computer program, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the program is During execution, it may include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. The storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), or a random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM) or the like.

The above disclosures are only preferred examples of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the scope of rights of the present invention. Therefore, the equivalent changes made according to the claims of the present invention all belong to the scope covered by the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An SPI-based communication method, adapted to a master device and a plurality of slave devices connected by an SPI bus, comprising:

the master device sends command information to the plurality of slave devices, wherein the command information comprises preset authentication information;

the slave devices acquire the command information and perform matching according to the authentication information;

and the slave equipment which is successfully matched with the authentication information executes a corresponding command.

2. The SPI-based communication method of claim 1,

presetting corresponding matching rules for each slave device in advance;

the "matching according to the authentication information" includes:

the slave equipment matches the authentication information according to the corresponding matching rule;

determining whether the slave device matches successfully.

3. The SPI-based communication method of claim 1,

the authentication information comprises authentication information exclusive to each slave device and authentication information capable of being successfully matched with at least two slave devices.

4. The SPI-based communication method according to claim 1, wherein the command information further comprises operation information;

the "the slave device successfully matched with the authentication information executes the corresponding command" includes:

and the slave equipment which is successfully matched with the authentication information executes a corresponding command according to the operation information.

5. The SPI-based communication method of claim 1,

the "the slave device matching the authentication information successfully executes the corresponding command" includes:

the slave equipment which is successfully matched with the authentication information acquires operation information sent by the master equipment;

and the slave equipment which is successfully matched with the authentication information executes a corresponding command according to the operation information.

6. The SPI-based communication method of claim 4,

the master device and the plurality of slave devices respectively establish communication protocols, and each communication protocol comprises the specification of the content in the command information;

after receiving the command information, the slave device further includes:

and the slave equipment judges the command information and determines the command information which does not conform to the corresponding communication protocol as abnormal command information of the slave equipment.

7. An SPI-based communication device, comprising:

the system comprises a master device and a plurality of slave devices, wherein the master device is connected with the slave devices through an SPI bus;

the master device comprises a sending module; the slave device comprises a matching module and an execution module;

the sending module is used for sending command information to the plurality of slave devices, and the command information comprises authentication information;

the matching module is used for acquiring the command information and matching according to the authentication information;

the execution module of the slave device which is successfully matched with the authentication information is used for executing a corresponding command.

8. The SPI-based communication device of claim 7,

and one chip selection port of the master device is electrically connected with each slave device respectively, and a chip selection signal is sent to each slave device through the chip selection port so as to control the communication between the master device and the slave device.

9. An electronic device, comprising:

a processor;

a memory having stored therein executable instructions of the processor;

wherein the processor is configured to perform the SPI-based communication method of any one of claims 1-6 via execution of the executable instructions.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, implements the SPI-based communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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